2020-2021年人教版中考英语短语动词
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2020-2021年人教版中考英语短语动词
一、短语动词
1.We are getting ready __________ Christmas.
A. to
B. with
C. for
D. of
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】get rea dy for……为固定短语,意为“为……做准备”。
【点评】考查介词辨析和固定搭配。
2.— Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week?
— You'd better take a train. the suitable trains in the timetable.
A. Set up
B. Look up
C. Take up
D. Put up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——玛丽,下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁?——你最好坐火车去。
在时间表中查找合适的列车。
A. Set up建立;B. Look up查找;C. Take up从事;D. Put up张贴,举起。
这里是表示查找,故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。
3.He never ____learning English .That was why he was successful at last.
A. gave in
B. gave out
C. gave up
D. gave away
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:他从不放弃学英语,那就是他最后成功的原因。
give in 屈服,让步;give out发出(光,热等);分发;give up放弃;give away泄露(秘密等),故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
4.How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________.
A. ran off
B. went off
C. took off
D. set off
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:我多么希望能多睡会。
然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。
A. ran off 逃跑;B. went off离开;C. took off 脱下(衣服,鞋袜等),(飞机)起飞;D. set off出发,动身。
根据句意是飞机起飞,故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语动词:take off(飞机)起飞
5.- Look! Smiths are playing basketball.
- Let's them.
A. The; join in
B. The; join
C. A; join in
D. A; join
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:看!史密斯一家正在打乒乓球。
让我们和他们一起打篮球吧。
“the+姓氏名词的复数”表示“…一家”或“…夫妇”, Smiths史密斯姓氏复数,故前用the;而join sb.和某人在一起,join them和他们一起打球.故选B。
【点评】定冠词(the);动词词义辨析。
6.—Do you know who _______ my umbrella? I can't find it.—Sorry. I went out just now.
A. took away
B. took up
C. took off
D. took out
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:---你知道谁拿走了我的雨伞吗?我找不到了。
---对不去,我刚才出去了。
take away拿走;take up拿起;从事;take off脱掉;起飞;take out取出。
根据句意,故答案为A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析,熟记take构成的短语,根据句意判断答案。
7.The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place.
A. give up
B. clear up
C. end up
D. make up
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:这些船走不同的路线,但是他们的终点都在同一个地方。
give up放弃;clear up清理干净;end up结束;make up 编造,弥补。
根据句意可知,船走的路线不同,但是都在同一个地方结束,即都去同一个地方。
故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
8.In fact, many countries have _____ some effective (有效的)policies to control the population.
A. carry out
B. taken out
C. carried out
D. thought out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:实际上,许多国家已经采取了有效政策控制人口。
carry out实施;施行。
take out取出;think out想出。
根据have可知用过去分词,故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
9.——When are you going to for Shanghai?
——Tomorrow morning.
A. get off
B. turn off
C. take off
D. set off
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——你打算什么时候动身去上海?——明天早上。
get off下车;turn off关掉;take off脱下;set off出发;动身。
故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
10.The traveler ______ his map to make sure he was not lost.
A. looked after
B. looked up
C. looked for
D. looked down
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:旅行者为了确保自己不会迷路去查阅地图。
A.照顾;B.查阅;C.寻找;D.瞧不起,向下看。
此处应是查阅地图,以防迷路,故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
注意选项的词义和用法。
11.– Jenny, the teacher will ________ your mobile phone if you use it in class.
– Sorry, I won't do that again.
A. take out
B. take away
C. take off
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】A. take out取出,去掉,出发,B. take away带走,拿走,取走,C. take off起飞,脱下,离开。
句意:Jenny,如果你在教室使用手机,老师将会把它拿走。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语的用法。
12.Please keep still, or I can't cut your hair. It's dangerous.
A. don't come
B. don't move
C. don't be late
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:请不要动,不然我不能给你剪头发,很危险。
keep still静止不动;A.别来;B.别动;C.别迟到。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语的意思。
13.Nowadays more and more people ________ food safety.
A. pay attention to
B. look after
C. take it easy
D. look out
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:现在,越来越多的人注意食品安全。
pay attention to注意;look after照顾;take it easy别着急;look out当心。
故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
14.一 I failed in the driving test again. Sorry to let you down.
一 How come? I've helped you practice enough.
A. pick……up
B. help…… out
C. make……disappointed
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——我驾考又没过关,对不起,让你失望了。
——怎么回事?我已经帮助你练习的够多了。
let sb down让某人失望;pick up拾起;help out帮助摆脱困境;make sb disappointed让某人失望。
故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
15.Joe has caused many problems and his dad can't ______ good ways to solve his trouble.
A. come up with
B. catch up with
C. work out
D. write down
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】come up with”想出“;catch up with”赶上“;work out”解决“;write down”写下来“。
句意为:Joe惹出许多麻烦,他的爸爸想不出方法来解决他的麻烦。
”想出方法“用come up with,故选A。
【点评】考查短语动词的辨析。
16.--Talking loudly in a library is impolite.
--In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.(找出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项)
A. look after
B. be careful
C. take care of
D. look up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:在图书馆大声喧哗是不礼貌的。
——实际上,我们应该当心,不要在公共场所咳嗽或者打喷嚏。
take care当心,小心。
look after照顾;be careful小心;take care of照顾;look up查找。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
17.—I'm sorry that I forgot to turn off the light.
—Don't worry. I'll have it __________.
A. turn off
B. turned off
C. turned on
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:---抱歉我忘记关灯了。
---别担心,我将把它关掉。
turn off关掉;turn on打开。
短语:have sth done,请人做某事,使某事被做。
此处宾语light与动词turn off之间构成被动关系,用过去分词,故答案为B。
【点评】考查过去分词作补语,牢记固定搭配。
18.I a stone in a dark street and hurt my knees.
A. fell over
B. fell off
C. fell away
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:我在黑暗中被一块石头……,弄伤了我的膝盖。
A.被绊倒; B.从……落下; C.离开,消瘦。
故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。
19.I stood on the top of Mount Tai and ________ to the small village below me.
A. looked down
B. looked after
C. looked up
D. looked through
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:我站在泰山顶上,俯视我脚下的小村庄。
look down,俯视,look after,照顾,look up,向上看,look through,看穿,根据 stood on the top of Mount Tai,可知village在脚下,因此是俯视,故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据题干判断语境。
20.Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and which university is the best for her to attend.
A. put out
B. stay out
C. find out
D. run out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化,查出哪所大学最适合她。
A:put out 熄灭;B:stay out不回家;C:find out查出;D:run out用完。
根据which university is the best for her to attend,可知要查出哪所大学适合她,故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语的辨析。
理解短语的意思,根据语境选择正确的动词短语。
21.The writer's new book will ______ next month.
A. come in
B. come on
C. come out
D. come into
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:这个作家的新书将于下月出版。
A. come in进来;B. come on快
点,加油;C. come out出来,出现,出版;D. come into进入。
根据“新书”可知是将要“出版”了;故答案为C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
熟记短语的意义和用法。
22.It's very hot. But I think it's impolite to _____ your clothes in public.
A. set off
B. turn off
C. take off
D. get off
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:天气虽然很热。
但我认为当众脱衣服是不礼貌的。
A. set off 动身;B. turn off 关上;C. take off 脱掉;D. get off 下车。
根据 it's impolite to 可知是脱衣服,故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据 it's impolite to的语境选择合适的用法。
23.Because of the terrible weather, we have to the sports meeting.
A. put away
B. put up
C. put out
D. put off
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:由于天气恶劣,我们不得不推迟运动会。
A:put away把......收好;B:put up 张贴;C:put out 熄灭;D:put off推迟。
根据前句Because of the terrible weather,天气恶劣,可知运动会只能推迟,故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
注意理解短语动词的词义,根据语境选择正确的一项。
24.To make the story shorter, Mr. Trent advised me to ________ the parts that are not interesting.
A. find out
B. try out
C. cut out
D. give out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:为了使得这个故事更短,Trent先生建议我删掉那些没有意思的东西。
A.find out找出;B.try out尝试;C.cut out剪掉;D.give out捐赠。
根据本句话提到make the story shorter和not interesting,可知空缺处应该是删掉,cut out,故选C。
【点评】考查了短语辨析,注意cut out,剪掉。
25.A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed speech time.
A. sent up
B. given up
C. set up
D. put up
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:为了提醒学生们改变演讲时间,学校贴了一张通知。
A.sent up射出;B.given up放弃;C.set up建立;D.put up张贴;主语是a notice,张贴广告用动词词组put up,故答案为D。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
牢记短语词义和用法。
26.— When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language?
— When I was 6 years old.
A. start to learn
B. refuse to learn
C. give up learning
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:——你什么时候把日语作为第二外语学习得?——当我六岁的时候。
take up表示开始学习...A、开始学习,B、拒绝学习,C、放弃学习,故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析,首先熟知题意,其次熟知选项每一个动词词组的含义,最后对比题目划线部分含义和选项含义。
27.—The boys were crazy when Spiderman came along at the parade in the Universal Studio.—Of course they were. You know, Spiderman was always those boys' favourite.
A. made a speech
B. disappeared
C. showed up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:当蜘蛛侠在环球工作室的游戏队伍中出现时,男孩们都疯狂了。
——当然他们会疯狂。
你知道,蜘蛛侠总是那些男孩的最爱。
根据语境可知男孩疯狂是因为蜘蛛侠出现,A. 演讲,B. 消失,C. 出现,根据语境故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
根据句意找出近义词,牢记这些短语动词。
28.—Which one do you like best at the fair?
— The monitoring instrument invented by a teenager.
A. made…by hand
B. made…for the first time
C. made…for me
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——在展览会上你最喜欢哪一个?——被一个青少年发明的健康设备。
invent:发明,也就是第一次被制作,make ··· for the first time,故选B。
【点评】考查近义词。
根据划线词和语境找出意义相同的选项,选出正确答案。
29.We believe we can ________ a way to solve the problem of pollution in the future.
A. catch up with
B. come up with
C. put off
D. set off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:我们相信我们将来能想出办法解决污染问题。
catch up with赶上;come up with想出;提出;put off推迟;延期;set off出发;引爆。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
30.Tom argued with Alice last night. But now they _______ after a talk with each other.
A. make up
B. put up
C. set up
D. look up
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆昨天晚上和爱丽丝吵架了。
但是现在他们谈过之后又和好了。
A.make up 和好,弥补,化妆;B. put up 举起,张贴,搭建;C.set up建立;D.look up
向上看,查阅。
根据after a talk with each other可知交流后和好了,故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析,注意动词短语的积累及运用。
31.We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it the weather.
A. keeps on
B. puts on
C. depends on
D. goes on
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:我们计划这个周末去野餐,但要看天气而定。
A:keeps on继续; B: puts on穿上; C: depends on依靠,取决于; D: goes on继续。
根据go for a picnic与the weather的关系,可知野餐取决于天气情况。
故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
理解动词短语的意思,根据句子结构,选择正确的动词短语。
32.— Did you have fun camping on that hill?
— Actually not. It's not easy to find a suitable place to _______ our tents.
A. give up
B. put up
C. turn up
D. stay up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——你在山上野营玩得开心吗?——实际上不是。
找一个合适的地方搭帐篷是不容易的。
A. give up放弃;B. put up张贴; 举起,建造;C. turn up出现; 翻起; 开大;D. stay up熬夜。
搭帐篷用put up tents表示。
结合句意,故答案为B。
【点评】考查短语动词。
掌握短语的意义和用法。
33.May Day is on the way. Many shops have h uge posters with the word “SALE”.
A. put on
B. put up
C. put away
D. put off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:五一节就要到了,许多商店都贴上了写着"促销"巨幅海报。
A. put on穿上;B. put up张贴;C. put away放好;D. put off推迟。
结合句意和语境可知,应该是"张贴"。
故答案为B。
【点评】考查短语动词。
熟练掌握短语的意义和用法。
34.—Is the girl really that woman's daughter? But she doesn't __________ her at all.
—But sure she is. She takes after her father.
A. look like
B. look for
C. look up
D. look after
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:——那个女孩真的事那个妇女的女儿吗?但是她看起来一点也不像她。
——但是她的确是。
她长得像她的父亲。
look like看起来像; look for寻找; look up 抬头看; look after照顾;根据She takes after her father.可知此处表示长得像父亲,因此一点也不像母亲,故用短语look like,故选A。
35.—How was your May Day holiday?
—Just so so, I tried to find a place to park my car near He Garden, but they were all ______.
A. looked up
B. taken up
C. put up
D. turned up
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:—你的五一假期过得怎么样?—一般般,我努力地在花园附近找地方停车,但是他们都被占了。
looked up查找;taken up占据;put up张贴;turned up出现,把声音开大。
根据句意可知,这里说的停车位都被占了,故答案为B。
【点评】此题考查动词短语和动词的被动语态的用法,平时注意记忆和区分短语动词的意义和用法。
还要注意记忆不规则动词的被动语态。
36.Jack is dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.
A. makes up
B. sets up
C. takes up
D. picks up
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:Jack不诚实,他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。
make up 编造;set up建立;take up拿起,从事,占据;pick up拾起,捡起,接某人。
根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。
37.—How can we help the children in the mountain village?
—We can ____ leaflets to ask people to donate money.
A. give in
B. give off
C. give up
D. give out
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:—我们如何能帮助山村里的孩子?—我们可以散发传单号召人们捐款。
give in屈服; 投降; 让步;give off发出; 放出; 散发出; 放射出; give up放弃;give out分发; 公布。
所以选D
38.—Why did you come late again?
—Because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning.
A. go off
B. go out
C. go away
D. go over
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。
go off“发出响声”;go out“出去”;go away“离开”;go over“检查”。
答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。
”故选A。
39.As a kind of important energy, coal(煤炭) can _______ one day.
A. keep out
B. run out
C. be run out
D. run out of
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完,耗尽(主语是物)”,keep out“阻止……进入”,run out of “用完……东西(主语是人)”;选项C是被动形式,其后应加介词of,故选B。
40.—Mum, shall I leave today's homework till tomorrow?
—Better not, dear. Never ___________ what you can do today till tomorrow.
A. put on
B. put out
C. put off
D. put up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——妈妈,我要把尽头的作业留到明天吗?——最好不要,亲爱的。
不要把今天能做的事留到明天。
put on穿上,put out扑灭;put off推迟,put up张贴,我们不能把今天的事推迟到明天是常识,故选C。
【点评】此题考查动词短语。
注意每个短语的意思。