Implementation Selection for Object-Role Models

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学生选修课程系统课程设计参考文献

学生选修课程系统课程设计参考文献学生选修课程系统在大学教育中起到了至关重要的作用，因此对于该系统的设计和实施需要参考相关的文献和研究成果。

以下是一些关于学生选修课程系统设计的参考文献：1. 'Design and Implementation of a Student Elective Course Selection System' (学生选修课程选择系统的设计与实现) - 该文献介绍了一个基于Web的学生选修课程选择系统的设计和实施方法。

通过该系统，学生可以根据自己的兴趣和目标，灵活选择适合自己的选修课程，提高学习效果。

2. 'A Study on the Optimization of University Elective Course System' (大学选修课程系统优化研究) - 该研究针对现有大学选修课程系统存在的问题，提出了一种优化方案。

通过对学生的选修课程需求进行分析和预测，结合课程资源和学生数量等限制条件，建立了一种优化模型，以提高选修课程系统的效率和满意度。

3. 'Design of Student Course Selection System based on Data Mining Technology' (基于数据挖掘技术的学生选课系统设计) - 该研究利用数据挖掘技术，分析学生的历史选课数据和个人特征，构建了一个个性化的学生选修课程推荐系统。

通过挖掘学生的兴趣和学习能力等信息，为每个学生提供个性化的选修课程推荐，提高选课的准确性和满意度。

4. 'Design and Implementation of a Mobile Elective Course Selection System' (移动选修课程选择系统的设计与实现) - 该文献介绍了一个基于移动设备的选修课程选择系统的设计和实施方法。

通过手机应用程序，学生可以随时随地查询和选择自己感兴趣的选修课程，提高选课的便捷性和灵活性。

Boosting very-high radix division with prescaling and selection by rounding

Boosting Very-High Radix Division with Prescaling and Selection by Rounding Paolo Montuschi Tom´a s Lang Dip.di Automatica e Informatica Dep.of Electrical and Computer Eng.Politecnico di Torino University of California at Irvine e-mail:montuschi@polito.it e-mail:tlang@AbstractAn extension of the very-high radix division with prescal-ing and selection by rounding is presented.This extension consists in increasing the effective radix of the implementa-tion by obtaining a few additional bits of the quotient per iteration,without increasing the complexity of the unit to obtain the prescaling factor nor the delay of an iteration. As a consequence,for some values of the effective radix, it permits an implementation with a smaller area and the same execution time than the original scheme.Estimations are given for54-bit and114-bit quotients.1.IntroductionDivision by digit recurrence produces one digit of the quotient per iteration.Consequently,for a given precision a higher radix results in fewer iterations and a potential faster execution.However,as the radix increases the digit-selection function becomes more complicated,which in-creases the cycle time and can overcome the reduction in execution time.Because of this,practical implementations are limited to up to radix-8stages and radix-16dividers have been implemented using overlapped radix-2and radix-4stages.Extensive literature exists on this subject;for spe-ciﬁc references see for instance[5,9,14]A way of achieving speedup with larger radices is to simplify the selection function by prescaling the divisor [4,8,10,17].In particular,prescaling and selection by rounding has been shown to produce a signiﬁcant speedup [6].We refer to this scheme as the VHR approach,which has been extended to square root[12]andHere are shown improved values with respect to Table4in[6],since we used an improved linear approximation developed in[12]and[11].Table1.Execution time&area of VHR division Quotient bits per iteration9111418 Cycle time7.59.09.09.0 No.of cycles(54-bit quotient)10987 Execution time75817263 Area MAC520710740970 Area presc.factor module1302204701750:delay and area of full adder In this paper we increase the effective radix by obtain-ing a few additional bits of the quotient per cycle,while maintaining the complexity of the prescaling factor calcula-tion.This results in a reduction of the overall area for the same execution time.Speciﬁcally,we estimate that for54 bits,in the implementation for18quotient bits per iteration the area of the prescaling factor module plus the area of the multiplier,can be reduced by30%.Moreover,for the case of a quotient of114bits(extended precision)the boosting can achieve a speedup of about10%for the same area.We describe the algorithm,show the architecture,and estimate the improvement obtained with respect to VHR division. We assume familiarity with[5]and[6].2.Review of VHR divisionAs described in[6]in this approach the division is per-formed in the unit of Figure1,as followsCycle1:determine the scaling factor as an ap-proximation of such thatwhere is the divisor and the radix.Cycle2:obtain the scaled divisor(carry-save).Cycle3:obtain the initial residual(carry-save),where is the dividend.Assimilate.Cycles4toFigure1.Architecture of VHR division of[6] where is the(redundant)shifted residual trun-cated at the-th fractional bit,andThe residual is left in carry-save form.Cycle(3)as determined in Section4.1.The selection function has two components.Forwe perform selection by rounding,as done in[6].That is,(4) where is the truncation of the shifted residualto its th fractional bit.To allow this selection by rounding we need thatIn[5]the improved analytical expression(5)has been introduced,and it has been shown that it inﬂuences neither the analytical and numerical results nor the implementation of[6].very high radix division unitFigure 2.Proposed architectureThen(9)This means that the selection of corresponds to a radix-C division with replaced byand the restrictions(10)and(11)We ﬁrst determine the digit set of and then the selec-tion function.4.1.Choice of digit set forIn this section we determine the digit set of .To do this,we need to determine bounds on the value of .We decompose as follows:(12)whereBecauseis selected by rounding we get(14)Consequently,the upper bound ofis(15)Note that we do not consider the special casesincethis produces ,as shown in [6].For the lower bound the worst case is produced by using,which can occur in the ﬁrst iteration,leading to(17)Since the domain of is not symmetric,this results in anonsymmetric digit set for .Let us deﬁne the digit setWe start with the determination of the minimum ,which guarantees that (10)holds,i.e..From (9)we have that the worst-case situation occurs when is at its maximum value and has the minimum value of its domain;in this case,which results inNow should guarantee that. We have(20) Let us consider now the right hand side of(20).We have by expansion of,Now,for we have,(sinceSince should be an integer,we get as necessary and sufﬁcient condition for the smallest value ofif(21) 4.2.Selection intervals and selection constantsWeﬁrst determine the selection intervals and then use them to determine conditions for the selection constants. 4.2.1Selection intervalsSince the region of convergence of the algorithm is given by (10),we obtain,from(9),the following selection interval for.(22) However,the boosting algorithm should operate concur-rently with the VHR part,which implies that is not known.Consequently,we develop the selection function from instead of.Replacing byin(22)we get the bounds of the selection intervalsuch that if then can be se-lected.We get4.2.2Selection constantsNow,as in standard digit-recurrence division[5],the selec-tion function is described by the selection constants so that the value is selected if. Continuity requires that.As is, depends on and.Moreover,the selection requires knowledge of with full precision.Since there is over-lap between the selection intervals,it is possible to use esti-mates of these three quantities.If we call the estimate of and the estimate, we get(23) where the maximum and the minimum are determined for the range of values of and deﬁned by the estimates and,respectively.This expression assumes with full precision.Estimate ofTo avoid the knowledge of with full precision,we use an estimate obtained from a few bits of the carry-save representation of,as follows.Sinceand is determined by rounding as described in(4),we obtain thatwhere is the-th digit of the representation of .That is,is the two’s complement repre-sentation of.Because of the way the rounding is per-formed and have values and the rest is in carry-save form.Consequently,the estimate of can be obtained from a truncated.Because of the two’s complement representation we getMoreover,if the truncation is done at the fractional bit,(24)Table2.Sufﬁcient conditions for selection (bits of)(frac.bits of)As a consequence,when the estimate of is used, we get the selection intervals(25) and expression(23)is transformed to(26) where the*indicates the value larger than,with the granularity of.To determine suitable values of ,we need to specify the way the estimates and are computed.Estimate ofBecause of the selection by rounding,is directly de-rived from the most signiﬁcant integer and2frac-tional bits of.We estimate by considering the most signiﬁcant binary weights of,i.e.those from weight to weight.So,if the estimate is rep-resented in(assimilated)two’s complement representation while the rest of remains in carry-save representa-tion we getwhere(27) Consequently,from(4)it follows that(28) By combining(28)with(2),we get(29) Estimate and range ofSince,obtained from,is in two’s complement represen-tation we obtain(30) Moreover,since2.The generation of3.The incorporation of into the MAC4.The production ofConsequently,we now concentrate on the implementation of these blocks.Selection function ofAs described in Section4,the selection function requires the assimilation of parts of the carry-save representation of and then a function on the resulting bits.This im-plementation is shown in Figure3.Note the two-level as-similation required for,which is due to the fact that therounding to produce uses up to the the second fractional bit.Moreover,the estimate is obtained by a truncation of,which is produced by inverting the integer bit of.Of course,this inversion is not actually nec-essary to feed the selection function.Moreover,from(14) and as explained in section4.2.2on the range of,only the bit weights from weight to weight of enter the selection function.Generation of and residual updatingIn general,the generation of requires a rectangu-lar multiplier.This consists of two parts:generation of partial products and addition.The addition can be per-formed as part of the MAC tree,together with the updat-ing of the residual.For instance,for radix-4()sincetwo terms are required,unless the multiple is precomputed.Two terms are also required for. Incorporation into the MAC treeBecause the time of the selection function for is largerthan that for(done by rounding and recoding),to avoid that the boosting produces an increase in the cycle time,it is necessary to introduce the additional terms to lower lev-els of the MAC tree.This is possible if the original tree is not complete,as illustrated in Figure4.Since the MAC in the VHR division is used both for the recurrence and for the prescaling,the number of available slots at different levels depends on the radix and on the number of bits of the prescaling factor.Speciﬁcally,for the recurrence the num-ber of inputs to the tree is and for the prescal-ing,where is the number of fractional bits of the prescaling factor(since and must be represented,for recoding purposes,in two’s complement). Production ofFinally,it is necessary to producein two’s complement for the on-the-ﬂy conversion.The im-plementation is simple and is not in the critical path.6.Evaluation and comparisonWe now give a rough estimation of the execution timeand the area of the boosting VHR division and compareFigure4.Levels of the MAC treewith VHR division.As was seen for the VHR scheme[6], the radices that have to be considered are the lowest that achieve a reduction in the number of cycles.Consequently, we need to compare the VHR with radix with the boost approach with.For the execution time we can give the following general considerations.The cycle time is determined by the maximum of the time to compute the prescaling factor and the time to perform an iteration of the recurrence.Moreover,the time to compute the scaling factor depends onfor the VHR approach and on for the boosting ap-proach.Consequently,this time might be reduced byusing the boosting approach.the time of an iteration is the same for both schemes,as long as the delay of the selection function forand the generation of the multiple is overlapped bythe recoding and rounding,the multiplexer,the mul-tiple generator,and theﬁrst levels of the MAC tree. Consequently,the addition of the boosting can produce a speedup if the delay of the calculation of the scaling factor is the critical component.This depends on the way this cal-culation is performed.The implementation model we use shows that it is reasonable to assume that the delay of this calculation is not critical.Consequently,for the same radix ,we do not expect the boosting to produce a speedup.With respect to the area,the main components are the MAC and the calculation of the prescaling factor.The area of the MAC increases somewhat when adding the boosting, because of the partitioning of the multiplier into two parts. On the other hand,the reduction in the area of the module to calculate the prescaling factor should be substantial,when going from to radix.This is the main advan-tage of the boosting technique.We now perform an estimate of this area reduction.6.1.Choice ofAcceptable values of are determined by the following considerations:Table3.Available slots in the MAC tree11-1215-1619-208101214-16slots321VHR+boost()---190021002900Area ratio0.800.650.55(a)114-bit quotientrecurrence and also on the number of bits of the prescalingfactor,which depends on the way this factor is computed[3,7,15,16,18].Using the L-approach described in[12](and,more in general in[11])we obtain that the numberof inputs to the tree required by the VHR division is.Consequently,the number of empty slots is shownin Table3.Therefore,since for and we needtwo slots,in the sequel we consider.6.3.Suitable values ofAs described in[13],the suitable values of depend onthe required precision of the quotient;namely,the suitablevalues are the smallest that produce a given number of cy-cles.These values for and bits(double andextended precision,respectively)are as reported in Table4.6.4.Execution time and areaTable5shows estimates of the execution time and areaof VHR division and of the version with boosting,using themodels presented in[12].As can be seen from the table,for54bits the boosting technique is only effective for,in which case the area ratio(VHR+boost)/(VHR)is0.7.On the other hand,for114bits it is effective forand,producing ratios between0.85and0.65.Moreover,for114bits we estimate that additionalarea reductions can be achieved by using.Figure5shows the tradeoff between area and speedup,using as reference values for delay and area the radix-2im-plementation as reported in[5],i.e.area equal toFigure5.Speedup vs.Area comparisonsand for54and114bits,respectively,and delay equal to and again for54and114bits,re-spectively.For54bits we estimate a VHR+boost() unit4times faster than the“classical”radix-2architecture, requiring6times its hardware;in this case,the estimated area saving is about30%,with respect to the VHR unit with the same delay.On the other hand,for114bits both very-high radix implementations produce speedups of up to6; the reduction in area of the implementations of the boosting algorithm being of25%(for C=4)and of35%(for C=8), with respect to the standard VHR implementation.More-over,from Table5b we observe that for114bits using an area of about,we can design either a VHR radix-unit with total delay of or a VHR+boost radix-unit(with)with total delay10%smaller.7.ConclusionsWe have presented an algorithm and implementation that increases the effective radix of the very-high radix division approach presented in[6].This is accomplished by obtain-ing a few additional bits of the quotient per iteration without increasing the complexity of the module to obtain the scal-ing factor,nor the iteration delay.We show that for some values of the effective radix this approach results in a signiﬁcant reduction in the area of the module to compute the prescaling factor with respect to the original scheme.As a consequence,it is possible to achieve values of the execution time with a smaller unit.We expect this approach to be useful for other related operation such as square root andin a very high radix combined division/square-root unit withscaling.IEEE put.,C-47(2):152–161,February 1998.[2]Compass Design Automation.Passport-0.6Micron,3-Volt,High Performance Standard Cell pass Design Automation,Inc.,1994.[3] D.DasSarma and D.Matula.Faithful bipartite rom recipro-cal tables.In Proc.of the12th IEEE Symposium on Com-puter Arithmetic,pages12–25,Bath,England,July1995.[4]M.Ercegovac and ng.Simple radix-4division withoperands scaling.IEEE put.,C-39(9):1204–1208,September1990.[5]M.Ercegovac and ng.Division and Square Root:Digit-Recurrence Algorithms and Implementations.Kluwer Academic Press,New York,NJ,1994.[6]M.Ercegovac,ng,and P.Montuschi.Very high radixdivision with prescaling and selection by rounding.IEEE put.,C-43(8):909–917,August1994.[7]M.Ito,N.Takagi,and S.Yajima.Efﬁcient initial approxi-mation for multiplicative division and square root by a mul-tiplication with operand modiﬁcation.IEEE put., C-46(4):495–498,April1997.[8]J.Klir.A note on Svoboda’s algorithm for r-mation Processing Machines,(Stroje na Zpracovani Infor-maci),9:35–39,1963.[9]puter Arithmetic Algorithms.Prentice-Hall,Englewood Cliffs,NJ,1993.[10] E.Krishnamurthy.On range-transformation techniques fordivision.IEEE put.,C-19(2):157–160,February 1970.[11]ng and P.Montuschi.Improved methods to a linear in-terpolation approach for computing the prescaling factor for very high radix division.I.R.DAI/ARC6-94,Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica,1994.[12]ng and P.Montuschi.Very high radix combined divi-sion and square root with prescaling and selection by round-ing.In Proc.of the12th IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic,pages124–131,Bath,England,July1995. [13]P.Montuschi and ng.An algorithm for boosting veryhigh radix division with prescaling and selection by round-ing.I.R.DAI/ARC4-98,Dipartimento di Automatica e In-formatica,1998.[14]S.Oberman and M.Flynn.Division algorithms and imple-mentations.IEEE put.,C-46(8):833–854,Au-gust1997.[15]M.Schulte and J.Stine.Symmetric bipartite tables for ac-curate function approximation.In Proc.of the13th IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic,pages175–183,Asilo-mar,CA,July1997.[16] E.Schwarz and M.Flynn.Hardware starting approxima-tion method and its application to the square root opera-tion.IEEE put.,C-45(12):1356–1369,Decem-ber1996.[17] A.Svoboda.An algorithm for division.Inf.Proc.Mach.,9:25–32,1963.[18]N.Takagi.Generating a power of an operand by a tablelookup and a multiplication.In Proc.of the13th IEEE Sym-posium on Computer Arithmetic,pages126–131,Asilomar, CA,July1997.。

英语教学设计流程环节

英语教学设计流程环节English Teaching Design Process Stages.The systematic process of developing, implementing, and evaluating English language teaching lessons or units is known as English teaching design. It is a continuous cycle that involves several steps, each of which is crucial for effective teaching and learning. Here is a detailed explanation of the main phases involved in the English teaching design process:1. Needs Analysis.The first stage in the English teaching design process is needs analysis. This step involves identifying the specific needs of the target learners. The teacher considers various factors, such as the learners' age, level of proficiency, learning styles, interests, and goals. The needs analysis helps the teacher determine the appropriate content, methodology, and materials for the upcominglessons or units.2. Goal Setting.Once the needs of the learners have been identified, the teacher sets clear and specific learning goals for the lessons or units. These goals should align with the learners' needs and the overall curriculum objectives. The goals should be stated in terms of observable and measurable outcomes, allowing for effective assessment of student progress.3. Material Selection and Development.The next stage is selecting and developing appropriate materials for the lessons or units. The teacher considers the learning goals, the learners' needs, and the available resources. The materials may include textbooks, supplementary readings, audio and video recordings, online resources, and authentic materials. The teacher may also need to develop original materials to meet specific needs or gaps in existing resources.4. Methodology Selection.The English teaching design process involves selecting appropriate teaching methodologies and approaches. The teacher considers the learning goals, the learners' characteristics, and the available resources. The methodology should align with the principles of effective language teaching, such as communicative language teaching, task-based learning, content-based instruction, or a combination of approaches.5. Lesson Planning.Lesson planning is a crucial part of the English teaching design process. The teacher develops detailed lesson plans for each lesson or unit. The lesson plan outlines the learning objectives, materials, activities, procedures, and assessment strategies. It ensures that the lessons are well-structured, engaging, and focused on achieving the desired learning outcomes.6. Implementation.The implementation stage involves delivering the lessons or units in the classroom. The teacher follows the lesson plan, adapts to the needs of the learners, and creates a positive and supportive learning environment. The teacher monitors student understanding, provides feedback, and adjusts the instruction as necessary to ensureeffective learning.7. Evaluation.Evaluation is an integral part of the English teaching design process. The teacher collects data to assess student progress, the effectiveness of the lessons or units, and the overall teaching approach. This data may include formal assessments (e.g., tests, quizzes), informal assessments (e.g., observations, student self-reflections), and feedback from learners. The evaluation results help the teacher identify areas for improvement and make necessary adjustments to enhance the teaching and learning process.8. Reflection and Revision.The English teaching design process involves reflecting on the effectiveness of the lessons or units and making necessary revisions. The teacher considers the evaluation data, student feedback, and his or her own observations to identify areas that can be improved. Based on the reflection, the teacher makes appropriate revisions to the lesson plans, materials, methodology, or overall approach to enhance the quality of teaching and learning.It's important to note that the English teaching design process is iterative and cyclical. Each stage informs and influences the subsequent stages. By engaging in a systematic and reflective teaching design process, educators can create effective and engaging English language learning experiences that meet the needs of their learners and support their language development.。

广东省重点领域研发计划项目管理办法

广东省重点领域研发计划项目管理办法【中英文实用版】英文文档：Guangdong Province Key Field R&D Plan Project Management MethodologyThe Guangdong Province Key Field R&D Plan Project Management Methodology is a set of guidelines and regulations established by the Guangdong Province government to oversee and manage the implementation of key field research and development (R&D) projects.These projects are aimed at promoting technological innovation, accelerating the development of strategic emerging industries, and enhancing the province"s overall competitiveness in the field of science and technology.The Methodology outlines the responsibilities and obligations of various stakeholders involved in the project, including the project leaders, research institutions, and funding agencies.It sets forth the criteria for project selection, funding allocation, project implementation, and evaluation and assessment procedures.According to the Methodology, the project selection process is based on a thorough evaluation of the project"s scientific and technological feasibility, social and economic benefits, and alignment with the province"s strategic development goals.Selected projects arethen provided with financial support and other necessary resources to facilitate their smooth implementation.During the project implementation phase, project leaders are required to adhere to the agreed-upon project plan, submit regular progress reports, and ensure proper use of funds.They are also responsible for intellectual property protection, technology transfer, and knowledge sharing among project participants.Upon project completion, a comprehensive evaluation is conducted to assess the project"s outcomes, including scientific and technological achievements, economic benefits, and social impacts.The results of the evaluation are used to determine the effectiveness of the project and provide feedback for future improvements.The Guangdong Province Key Field R&D Plan Project Management Methodology plays a crucial role in fostering a conducive environment for R&D activities in the province, promoting collaboration between industry, academia, and government, and driving sustainable economic growth through innovation.中文文档：广东省重点领域研发计划项目管理办法广东省重点领域研发计划项目管理办法是由广东省政府制定的一套指导性和规定性文件，旨在管理和监督重点领域研发项目的实施。

活动策划实施方案范文英文

活动策划实施方案范文英文Event Planning and Implementation Proposal1. Introduction1.1 BackgroundIn today's dynamic and competitive business environment, successful organizations understand the importance of hosting events to engage their target audience and build meaningful connections. Event planning requires a strategic approach to ensure that the intended goals are accomplished effectively and efficiently. This proposal aims to outline a comprehensive event planning and implementation strategy for a corporate conference.1.2 ObjectiveThe main objective of this event is to bring together industry experts, thought leaders, and key stakeholders to share knowledge and insights. By facilitating networking opportunities and creating a platform for knowledge exchange, the event aims to enhance participants' understanding of the latest industry trends and best practices.2. Event Description2.1 Event Name: "Industry Insights Conference"2.2 Event Date: [Specify the date]2.3 Event Location: [Specify the location]3. Target AudienceThe target audience for the Industry Insights Conference includes professionals, executives, and decision-makers from companies within the industry. Participants should have a keen interest instaying updated with the latest trends and tools within the field.4. Event Planning CommitteeTo ensure the successful planning and execution of the event, a dedicated event planning committee will be established. The committee will consist of members from various functional areas, including marketing, operations, and finance. Each member will contribute their expertise to different aspects of the event planning process.5. Budget AllocationTo determine the financial feasibility of the event, a detailed budget will be prepared. The budget will take into account various elements, including venue rental, speaker fees, marketing expenses, and catering services. A cost-effective approach will be adopted to minimize unnecessary expenses while providing a memorable experience for the participants.6. Event Marketing StrategyTo maximize attendee participation, a comprehensive marketing strategy will be implemented. This strategy will encompass both online and offline channels to reach a wide audience. The following tactics will be employed:6.1 Social Media Marketing: Utilizing social media platforms such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter to create event pages, promote content, and engage with potential attendees.6.2 Email Marketing: Sending targeted email campaigns to relevant industry professionals, inviting them to attend the event and keeping them updated on event details and speakers.6.3 Partnerships: Collaborating with industry influencers andrelevant organizations to extend the reach of the event and tap into their existing networks.6.4 Traditional Advertising: Placing advertisements in industry publications and newspapers to reach a broader audience.6.5 Event Website: Developing a dedicated event website that provides detailed information about the conference, including the agenda, speakers, and registration process.7. Speaker Selection and Management7.1 Speaker Outreach: Identifying and shortlisting industry experts and thought leaders who align with the event's objectives. Inviting them to speak at the conference and negotiating speaker fees, travel arrangements, and accommodations.7.2 Speaker Support: Providing speakers with all necessary pre-event information, including the event schedule, presentation guidelines, and logistical details. Offering additional support on the day of the event to ensure a smooth and successful presentation. 8. Event Logistics8.1 Venue Selection: Choosing a suitable venue that accommodates the expected number of attendees comfortably. Ensuring that the venue provides the necessary audiovisual equipment, seating arrangements, and catering facilities.8.2 Registration Process: Setting up an online registration system to streamline the registration process for participants. Providing clear instructions and guidelines to facilitate seamless registration.8.3 On-Site Management: Ensuring smooth operations on the day of the event by having a dedicated team to manage registration, provide information and assistance to participants, and handle any unexpected issues that may arise.8.4 Catering Services: Arranging for high-quality catering services that cater to different dietary preferences and restrictions. Ensuring timely and sufficient food and beverages are available throughout the event.9. Event AgendaDeveloping a comprehensive event agenda that includes keynote speeches, panel discussions, and interactive sessions. Ensuring a balance between educational sessions and networking opportunities for participants to maximize their learning experience.10. Event EvaluationConducting a post-event evaluation to gather feedback from participants about their experience. Analyzing the data collected to identify areas of improvement for future events and assess the success of the conference in achieving its objectives.11. ConclusionThis event planning and implementation proposal provides a comprehensive roadmap for organizing the "Industry Insights Conference." By following this strategy, we aim to deliver a successful event that meets the needs and expectations of participants while fostering valuable connections within the industry.。

新型PMWG粒子元祖筛选器说明书

Package‘pmwg’October14,2022Title Particle Metropolis Within GibbsVersion0.2.0Description Provides an R implementation of the Particle Metropolis within Gibbs sampler for model parameter,covariance matrix and random effectestimation.A more general implementation of the sampler based on the paperby Gunawan,D.,Hawkins,G.E.,Tran,M.N.,Kohn,R.,&Brown,S.D.(2020)<doi:10.1016/j.jmp.2020.102368>.An HTML tutorial document describing the package is available at<https://newcastlecl.github.io/samplerDoc/>and includes several detailed examples,some background and troubleshootingsteps.License GPL-3URL https:///newcastlecl/pmwgBugReports https:///newcastlecl/pmwg/issuesDepends R(>=3.5.0)Imports checkmate,coda,condMVNorm,MASS,MCMCpack,mvtnorm,stats Suggests covr,rtdists,testthatEncoding UTF-8LazyData trueRoxygenNote7.1.1NeedsCompilation noAuthor Gavin Cooper[aut,cre,trl](Package creator and maintainer),Reilly Innes[aut],Caroline Kuhne[aut],Jon-Paul Cavallaro[aut],David Gunawan[aut](Author of original MATLAB code),Guy Hawkins[aut],Scott Brown[aut,trl](Original translation from MATLAB to R)Maintainer Gavin Cooper<*********************>Repository CRANDate/Publication2021-02-1705:30:03UTC12as_mcmc R topics documented:as_mcmc (2)forstmann (3)init (4)is.pmwgs (5)pmwgs (6)relabel_samples (7)run_stage (8)sampled_forstmann (10)Index12 as_mcmc Return a CODA mcmc object with the required samplesDescriptionGiven a sampler object and a speciﬁcation of the samples required,return either an individual coda mcmc object,or a list of mcmc objects.Usageas_mcmc(sampler,selection="theta_mu",filter=stages)Argumentssampler The pmwgs object containing samples to extract.selection The selection of sample types to return.filter Aﬁlter that deﬁnes which stage to draw samples from.ValueAn mcmc object or list containing the selected samples.Selecting sample typesThe values that can be chosen for the selection argument can be one of the following list:"theta_mu"the model parameter estimate samples"theta_sig"the covariance matrix estimates,returns a list of mcmc objects,one for each model parameter."alpha"the random effect estimates,returns a list of mcmc objects,one for each subject.The default value for selection is"theta_mu"forstmann3Filtering samplesThe filter argument can take one of two forms:•An integer vector,usually a sequence of integers,that must fall within the range1:end.•A character vector,where each element corresponds to a stage of the sampling process,i.e.one or more of"init","burn","adapt"or"sample".The default value for filter is all stages.Examplespar_estimates<-as_mcmc(sampled_forstmann)par_estimates_sample_stage<-as_mcmc(sampled_forstmann,filter="sample")rand_eff<-as_mcmc(sampled_forstmann,selection="alpha",filter="sample")forstmann Forstmann et al.’s dataDescriptionA dataset containing the speed or accuracy manipulation for a Random Dot Motion experiment.UsageforstmannFormatA data frame with15818rows and5variables:subject integer ID for each subjectrt reaction time for each trial as a doublecondition Factor with3levels for Speed,Accuracy and Neutralstim Factor with2levels for Left and Right trialsresp Factor with2levels for Left and Right responsesDetailsDetails on the dataset can be found in the following paper:Striatum and pre-SMA facilitate decision-making under time pressureBirte U.Forstmann,Gilles Dutilh,Scott Brown,Jane Neumann,D.Yves von Cramon,K.RichardRidderinkhof,Eric-Jan Wagenmakers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Nov2008,105(45)17538-17542;DOI:10.1073/pnas.08059031054initSourcehttps:///content/105/45/17538init Initialise values for the random effectsDescriptionInitialise the random effects for each subject using MCMC.Usageinit(pmwgs,start_mu=NULL,start_sig=NULL,display_progress=TRUE,particles=1000)Argumentspmwgs The sampler object that provides the parameters.start_mu An array of starting values for the group meansstart_sig An array of starting values for the group covariance matrixdisplay_progressDisplay a progress bar during samplingparticles The number of particles to generate in initialisationDetailsBefore sampling can start the Particle Metropolis within Gibbs sampler needs initial values for the random effects.The init function generates these values using a Monte Carlo algorithm.One alternative methods would be setting the initial values randomly.Optionally takes starting values for the model parameters and the variance/covariance matrix.All arrays must match the appropriate shape.For example,with5parameters and10subjects,the model parameter start means must be a vector of length5and the covariance matrix must be an array of5x5.Alternatively the if argument values for the starting points are left at the default(NULL)then start-ing points will be sampled from the prior for group level values(model parameters and covariance matrix)ValueThe sampler object but with initial values set for theta_mu,theta_sig,alpha and other values for theﬁrst sample.is.pmwgs5Exampleslba_ll<-function(x,data){x<-exp(x)if(any(data$rt<x["t0"])){return(-1e10)}sum(log(rtdists::dLBA(rt=data$rt,response=data$correct,A=x["A"],b=x["A"]+x[c("b1","b2","b3")][data$condition],t0=x["t0"],mean_v=x[c("v1","v2")],sd_v=c(1,1),silent=TRUE)))}sampler<-pmwgs(forstmann,c("b1","b2","b3","A","v1","v2","t0"),lba_ll)sampler<-init(sampler)is.pmwgs Test whether object is a pmwgsDescriptionChecks whether object is a Particle Metropolis with Gibbs samplerUsageis.pmwgs(x)Argumentsx An object to testValuelogical,whether object inherits from pmwgs6pmwgsExamplesif(is.pmwgs(sampled_forstmann)){print("sampled_forstmann object is a pmwgs")}pmwgs Create a PMwG sampler and return the created objectDescriptionThis function takes a few necessary elements for creating a PMwG sampler.Each pmwgs object is required to have a dataset,a list of parameter names,a log likelihood function and optionally a prior for the model parameters.Usagepmwgs(data,pars,ll_func,prior=NULL)Argumentsdata A data frame containing empirical data to be modelled.Assumed to contain at least one column called subject whose elements are unique identiﬁers for eachsubject.Can be any of data.frame,data.table or tibble,or any other dataframe like object that can have subsets created in an identical way.pars The list of parameter names to be used in the modelll_func A log likelihood function that given a list of parameter values and a data frame (or other data store)containing subject data will return the log likelihood of xgiven data.prior Speciﬁcation of the prior distribution for the model parameters.It should be a list with two elements,theta_mu_mean and theta_mu_var which fully specifythe prior distribution.If left as the default(NULL)then the theta_mu_mean willbe all zeroes and theta_mu_var will be1on the diagonal and zero elsewhere. ValueA pmwgs object that is ready to be initialised and sampled.Examples#Specify the log likelihood functionlba_loglike<-function(x,data){x<-exp(x)if(any(data$rt<x["t0"])){return(-1e10)}#This is faster than"paste".bs<-x["A"]+x[c("b1","b2","b3")][data$condition]relabel_samples7out<-rtdists::dLBA(rt=data$rt,#nolintresponse=data$correct,A=x["A"],b=bs,t0=x["t0"],mean_v=x[c("v1","v2")],sd_v=c(1,1),distribution="norm",silent=TRUE)bad<-(out<1e-10)|(!is.finite(out))out[bad]<-1e-10out<-sum(log(out))out}#Specify parameter names and priorspars<-c("b1","b2","b3","A","v1","v2","t0")priors<-list(theta_mu_mean=rep(0,length(pars)),theta_mu_var=diag(rep(1,length(pars))))#Create the Particle Metropolis within Gibbs sampler objectsampler<-pmwgs(data=forstmann,pars=pars,ll_func=lba_loglike,prior=priors)relabel_samples Relabel requested burn-in samples as adaptationDescriptionGiven a sampler object and a vector of sample indices,relabel the given samples to be adaptation samples.This will allow them to be used in the calculation of the conditional distribution for efﬁcient sampling.Usagerelabel_samples(sampler,indices,from="burn",to="adapt")Argumentssampler The pmwgs object that we are relabelling samples fromindices The sample iterations from burn-in to relabelfrom The stage you want to re-label from.Default is"burn"to The stage you want to relabel to.Default is"adapt"ValueThe pmwgs object with re-labelled samplesFurther informationThis should not usually be needed,however if you have a model that is slow toﬁt,and upon visual inspection and/or trace analysis you determine that during burn-in the samples had already approached the posterior distribution then you can use this function to re-label samples from that point onwards to be classed as adaptation samples.This will allow them to be used in tests that check for the number of unique samples,and in the building of the conditional distribution(which is used for efﬁcient sampling)If all old samples do not match‘from‘then an error will be raised.Examplesnew_pmwgs<-relabel_samples(sampled_forstmann,17:21)run_stage Run a stage of the PMwG samplerDescriptionRun one of burnin,adaptation or sampling phase from the PMwG sampler.Each stage involves slightly different processes,so for the full PMwG sampling we need to run this three times. Usagerun_stage(pmwgs,stage,iter=1000,particles=1000,display_progress=TRUE,n_cores=1,n_unique=ifelse(stage=="adapt",20,NA),epsilon=NULL,mix=NULL,pdist_update_n=ifelse(stage=="sample",500,NA))Argumentspmwgs A Particle Metropolis within Gibbs sampler which has been set up and initialised stage The sampling stage to run.Must be one of burn , adapt or sample .iter The number of iterations to run for the sampler.For burn and sample all iterations will run.However for adapt if all subjects have enough uniquesamples to create the conditional distribution then the stage willﬁnish early.particles The default here is1000particles to be generated for each iteration,however during the sample phase this should be reduced.display_progressDisplay a progress bar during sampling.n_cores Set to more than1to use mclapply.Setting n_cores greater than1is only permitted on Linux and Mac OS X machines.n_unique A number representing the number of unique samples to check for on each iter-ation of the sampler(An initial test for the generation of the proposal distribu-tion).Only used during the adapt stage.epsilon A value between0and1that controls the extent to which the covariance matrix is scaled when generating particles from the previous random effect.The defaultwill be chosen based on the number of random effects in the model.mix A vector ofﬂoats that controls the mixture of different sources for particles.The function numbers_from_proportion is passed this value and includes extradetails on what is accepted.pdist_update_n The number of iterations in the sample stage after which the proposal distribu-tion will be recomputed.DetailsThe burnin stage by default selects50parameter sample(selected through a Gibbs step)and50the previous random effect of each subject.It assesses each particle with the log-likelihood function and samples from all particles weighted by their log-likelihood.The adaptation stage selects and assesses particle in the same was as burnin,however on each iteration it also checks whether each subject has enough unique random effect samples to attempt to create a conditional distribution for efﬁcient sampling in the next stage.If the attempt at creat-ing a conditional distribution fails,then the number of unique samples is increased and sampling continues.If the attempt succeeds then the stage isﬁnished early.Theﬁnal stage(sampling)by default samples predominantly from the conditional distribution cre-ated at the end of adaptation.This is more efﬁcient and allows the number of particles to be reduced whilst still getting a high enough acceptance rate of new samples.Once complete each stage will return a sampler object with the new samples stored within it.The progress bar(which is displayed by default)shows the number of iterations out of those re-quested which have been completed.It also contains additional information at the end about the number of newly generated particles that have been accepted.This is show as New(XXX average across subjects of newly sampled random effects accept rate.See accept_rate for more detail on getting individual accept rate values per subject.10sampled_forstmannValueA pmwgs object with the newly generated samples in place.Exampleslibrary(rtdists)sampled_forstmann$data<-forstmannrun_stage(sampled_forstmann,"sample",iter=1,particles=20)sampled_forstmann A sampled object of a model of the Forstmann datasetDescriptionA pmwgs object with a limited number of samples of the Forstmann dataset.Usagesampled_forstmannFormatA pmwgs object minus the data.A pmwgs opbject is a list with a speciﬁc structure and elements,as outlined below.par_names A character vector containing the model parameter namesn_pars The number of parameters in the modeln_subjects The number of unique subject ID’s in the datasubjects A vector containing the unique subject ID’sprior A list that holds the prior for theta_mu(the model parameters).Contains the mean(theta_mu_mean), covariance matrix(theta_mu_var)and inverse covariance matrix(theta_mu_invar) ll_func The log likielihood function used by pmwg for model estimationsamples A list with deﬁned structure containing the samples,see the Samples Element section for more detailDetailsThe pmwgs object is missing one aspect,the pmwgs$data element.In order to fully replicatethe full object(ie to run more sampling stages)you will need to add the data back in,via sam-pled_forstmann$data<-forstmannsampled_forstmann11Samples ElementThe samples element of a PMwG object contains the different types of samples estimated by PMwG.These include the three main types of samples theta_mu,theta_sig and alpha as well as a number of other items which are detailed here.theta_mu samples used for estimating the model parameters(group level),an array of size(n_pars x n_samples)theta_sig samples used for estimating the parameter covariance matrix,an array of size(n_pars x n_pars x n_samples)alpha samples used for estimating the subject random effects,an array of size(n_pars x n_subjects x n_samples)stage A vector containing what PMwG stage each sample was drawn insubj_ll The winning particles log-likelihood for each subject and samplea_half Mixing weights used during the Gibbs step when creating a new sample for the covariance matrixlast_theta_sig_inv The inverse of the last samples covariance matrixidx The index of the last sample drawnSourcehttps:///content/105/45/17538Index∗datasetsforstmann,3sampled_forstmann,10accept_rate,9as_mcmc,2forstmann,3init,4is.pmwgs,5numbers_from_proportion,9pmwgs,6relabel_samples,7run_stage,8sampled_forstmann,1012。

参考文献——精选推荐

参考⽂献参考⽂献1．B.Kadar,L.Monostori,E.Szelke, An Object-Oriented Framework for Developing Distributed Manufacturing System Design’97,paper2,19972．先进制造技术孙⼤涌屈贤明张松滨机械⼯业出版社3．汪应洛新世纪的⽣产系统－精简、敏捷、柔性⽣产系统中国机械⼯程，V o.,6. No.5. pp.7－9 4．Approaches for commissioning time reduction Rolf Bernhardt Industrial Robot V olume 24.Number1.1997.pp.62-715．PROGRAMMING METHEDS FOR INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS Prof.Dr.-Ing. A.Storr, Dip;.-Inform. H. Schumacher Off-Line Programming of Industrial Robots IFIP,19876.Yoram Regev, The evolution of off-line programming, Industrial Robot,V ol.22,No.3,1995,3.7.NICHOLAS TARNOFF, Graphical Simulation for Sensor Based Robot Programming, Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, No 5, 1992, 49-62.8.Wang, K.S., Computer Graphical Simulation System for Robot Manipulators, Robotics and Autonomous System, No.5, 1989, 183-190.9.A.R. Thangaraj, M. Doelfs, Reduce Downtime With Off-line Programming, Robotics Today, 4(2), 1991, 1-3.10．M.L.Hornick and B.Ravani, Computer-Aided Off-line Planning and Programming of Robot Motion, Int.J,of Robtics Research, 1986, vol 4, No.4,pp.18-31.11.Megahed, M.S., Principles of Robot Modeling and Simulation, John Wiley & Sons, 1993.12.E.Freund,J.Ro mann, Systems Approach to Robots and Automation, Proc,of IEEE Trans. On Robotics and Automation, 1995, vol.1, pp.684-704.13.R.O.Buchal, et al, Simulated Off-line Programming of Welding Robots, Int. J.of Robotic Research, 1989,vol.8,No.3,pp.31-43.14.Maraghy, H.A., Hamid L. Robocell: A Computer-Aided Robots Modeling and Workstation Layout System, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2(2), 1987, 43-59.15.B.Ravani, World Modeling for CAD Based Robot Program and Simulation, CAD Based Programming for Sensory Robots, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidenberg, 1988,pp.67-89.16.L.Levals,et al, WADE:An Object-oriented Environment for Modeling and Simulation of Workcell Application, IEEE Trans. On Robotics and Automation, 1989, vol 5, No.3, pp.324-336.17.E.Trostmann, F. Conrad, L.F. Nielsen and S. Trostmann. ROPSIM, A Robot Off-line Programming and Real-time Simulation System including Dynamics. IFAC Robot Control, Vienna, Austria, 1991.18．何汉武熊有伦胡汉桥⽜喜收⼀个基于微机的机器⼈离线编程系统华中理⼯⼤学学报第20卷第5期1992，1019．徐国桦杨起帆徐毓良沉家正林建勇⼀个装配机器⼈离线编程系统的设计与实现机器⼈V ol.17, No.3,, May, 1995.20．付宜利马云辉赵春霞王树国吴菁机器⼈离线编程与系统组合机床与⾃动化加⼯技术1995年第1期.21．姜⼭程君实包志军⾯向对象机器⼈实时仿真系统的实现22．门⽥安弘着史世民译丰⽥⽣产⽅式的新发展西安交通⼤学出版社23．Richard K M. Survey on Flexible Manufacturing System. Future Technology Survey Inc, 1989. 24．Kusiak A. Intelligent Manufacturing Systems. Prentice-Hall, 1990.25．Lickety-Split. U.S. Production Shifts to Agile Manufacturing. SIGNAL, 1993,(8).26．张曙.全能制造系统。

Object-Oriented Analysis and Design

• well, kinda, sorta
•
To talk about agile practices and OOA&D
CS 292 Object Oriented Design 2
Now it’s time to start reading Head First Object-Oriented Analysis and Design Read Chapters 1 - 3, and 8 for next week.
•
CS 292
Object Oriented Design
8
Generalization and inheritance
•
Objects are members of classes which define attribute types and operations Classes may be arranged in a class hierarchy where one class (a super class or base class) is a generalization of one or more other classes (subclasses)
•
• •
CS 292
Object Oriented Design
10
Advantages of inheritance
•
It is an abstraction mechanism which may be used to classify entities It is a reuse mechanism at both the design and the programming level The inheritance graph is a source of organizational knowledge about domains and systems

基于Eplan二次开发的电气辅助设计工具集的设计与实现

第28卷第2期2021年2月仪器仪表用户INSTRUMENTATIONVol.282021 No.2基于Eplan二次开发的电气辅助设计工具集的设计与实现张旭，姚璋，袁友汶，黄鹏（中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室，成都 610213）摘要：对于DCS 等规模较为庞大的仪控系统，在进行工程硬件设计时，工程设计软件的作用极为重要。

Eplan 软件作为成熟的计算机辅助工程软件，提供了二次开发接口便于用户根据实际需要进行针对性开发。

本文基于Eplan 软件在DCS 电气设计过程中的应用，进行了软件的二次开发，针对提高设计过程中的便利性、容错性的目的，设计了一系列辅助设计工具，有效地提高了设计效率和质量。

关键词：Eplan ；二次开发；电气设计中图分类号：TM76 文献标志码：ADesign and Implementation of Electrical Aided Design ToolsBased on Eplan Secondary DevelopmentZhang Xu ，Yao Zhang ，Yuan Youwen ，Huang Peng（Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory, Nuclear Power Institute of China,Cheng-du,610213,China）Abstract：For the large scale instrument and control system such as DCS, the role of engineering design software is very impor-tant in hardware design. As a mature computer-aided engineering software, Eplan provides a secondary development interface for users to develop according to their actual needs. Based on the application of Eplan software in the design process of DCS electric, this paper carries out the secondary development of the software, and designs a series of auxiliary design tools for the purpose of improving the convenience and fault tolerance in the design process, which effectively improves the design efficiency and quality.Key words：Eplan；secondary development；electrical designDOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1041.2021.02.014文章编号：1671-1041(2021)02-0048-050 引言随着电气设计行业的发展，计算机软件在现代电气产品的设计制造过程中的作用越来越大。

java遍历object对象的方法

java遍历object对象的方法在Java中，要遍历一个Object对象，有几种常用的方法可以实现。

这些方法可以帮助我们获取对象中的属性和方法，并对其进行操作。

以下是几种常用的遍历Object对象的方法：1. 使用反射：Java的反射机制允许我们在运行时获取对象的类信息，包括属性和方法。

通过调用Object类的getClass方法，我们可以获得对象的Class对象，进而使用getDeclaredFields和getDeclaredMethods方法获取对象的所有属性和方法。

然后，通过遍历这些属性和方法，我们可以对它们进行相应的操作。

2. 使用instanceof关键字：instanceof关键字可以判断一个对象是否是某个类的实例。

通过使用instanceof关键字，我们可以遍历一个对象，判断它是否是我们想要的类型，然后执行相应的操作。

例如：```javaObject obj = new MyClass();if (obj instanceof MyClass) {MyClass myObj = (MyClass) obj;// 对myObj进行操作}```3. 使用Java 8的Stream API：Stream API是Java 8引入的一种更加简洁和优雅的遍历集合的方式。

我们可以将一个Object对象转换为Stream流，然后使用forEach方法进行遍历，并在lambda表达式中执行相应的操作。

例如：```javaObject obj = new MyClass();Stream.of(obj).forEach(item -> {// 对item进行操作});```这些是几种常用的方法来遍历一个Object对象。

根据具体的需求，选择合适的方法来操作对象中的属性和方法，可以让我们更加灵活地使用Java编程语言。

西门子-S7-1200-操作模式选取 (EKS)说明书

The safe choice – Selection of operation mode with EKS up to PL eService modeOverview of selection of operation modeSelection of operation mode up to PL d with controlsOperating panels have proven their worth over many years of practical use on machines and installations. If an additional operation mode, such as Service mode, is to be added to such machines, it is usually expedient to realize selection of operation mode with controls.Technical implementation is particularly easy in this case. The EKS with data interface or the EKS Light is used as the access system in order to restrict access to certain categories of people as required in the Machinery Directive. The controls are released with the authorization stored on the EKS Electronic-Key. For example, these controls flash depending on the content of the Electronic-Key. This can be realized with the standard PLC, because access to selection of operation mode does not have to fulfill any PL.Controls are used to achieve a PL for selection and activation of an operation mode. Practical examples of how operating mode selection can be implemented with EKS Light can be found in the download area at https://www.euchner.de/en-us/Service/ Downloads/Applications/EKS. Signals are read in the safe control system, and the selected operation mode is signaled byThe procedure was approved by the Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthIFAUrkundeThe EKS SystemThe Electronic-Key-System EKS consists of a read station and at least oneElectronic-Key. The Electronic-Key contains a writable memory. Two differentEKS systems are available: the EKS with data interface and the EKSEKS with data interfaceThe EKS with data interface features an Electronic-Key with freely pro-Compact (left) and mod-ular (right) EKS systemsare availableTIP! More safety through trainingTrain your customers about how to perform dangerous work on the machine. Thereby give them the opportunity to oper-ate the machine safely. If required, the training date or only general verification of training can be noted on the Electron-ic-Key using the EKS with data interface. With this training, you and your customers can be confident of doing everything right and meeting all legal requirements. Simply holding the Electronic-Key constitutes verification of training. Evaluation of the Performance Level (PL) of selection of operation modeThe access system does not have to be implemented according to EN ISO 13849-1. It is not possible to determine a PL for the monitoring of an authorization. by contrast, the selection system and the safe control system of a machine must fulfill the required PL. This is very simple for mechanical controls or key-operated rotary switches.SecuritySecuritySafety = PL e according to EN ISO 13849-1 FSA and EKS Light FSAoutputSelection of safe operation mode with controls and EKS LightPL dAccess systemSelection systemActivation systemActivation in the machineImplementation requires: EKS LightSafe control systemStandard PLC or NC control system Illuminated controlsEUCHNEr application AP000225Selection of safe operation mode with controls and EKS with data interfaceAccess systemActivation systemSelection systemImplementation requires:EKS with PrOFIbUS, PrOFINET, USb or Ethernet TCP/IP Safe control systemStandard PLC or NC control system Illuminated controlsEUCHNEr application AP000234PL dPLCPLCEKS LightEKS busA b C D STrFailsafe PLCFailsafe PLCbusActivation in the machineSelection of safe operation mode with touchscreen and EKS Access systemFurther informationFor detailed information about the various EKS systems and theaccessories, please refer to the product catalogs or visit ourhomepage at .Product informationDetailed product information about our EKS systems and the EKM and EKM Light software for convenient Electronic-Key administration can be found athttp://www.euchner.de/en-us/Products/Electronic-Key-System-EKSApplicationsThe complete AP000169, AP000200 and AP000225 applications, as well as the respective certificates from the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (Institut für Arbeits- schutz, IFA), can be found in the download area athttp://www.euchner.de/en-us/Service/Downloads/Applications/EKSCatalogs and flyersEKS catalogs and flyers can be found athttp://www.euchner.de/en-us/Service/Downloads12127593-07-07/18 S u b j e c t t o t e c h n i c a l m o d i fi c a t i o n s ; n o r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s a c c e p t e d f o r t h e a c c u r a c y o f t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n . © E U C H N E r G m b H + C o . K G · TAEUCHNER GmbH + Co. KG Kohlhammerstraße 1670771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen Germany Tel. +49 711 7597-0Fax +49 711 753316***************Your advantages when using EKSfor selection of operation modeC onsistent machine operating concept, including selection of operation modeF ulfills all specifications of the Machinery DirectiveS afe working according to the Occupational Health and Safety requirements can be realized ... with controlsC an be incorporated into existing control panelsF ulfills Pl d according to EN ISO 13849-1I FA-tested procedure ... with touch panelN o additional controls next to the touchscreen requiredF ulfills PL e according to EN ISO 13849-1I FA-tested procedureYour advantages when using EKS systems... with data interfaceA dditional access controls can be programmed, e.g. access to control systems or operating parametersS imple integration into existing bus structuresT raining measures can be stored on the Electronic-KeyA validity expiration date can be stored L ost Electronic-Keys can be blocked V arious interfaces are available:nPrOFINET n PrOFIbUS n USbn Ethernet TCP/IP... EKS LightN o bus system requiredS imple wiring to the control systemE lectronic-Key evaluation takes place in the EKS Light。

钙钛矿电池生产工艺流程及设备要求

钙钛矿电池生产工艺流程及设备要求1.钙钛矿电池生产的第一步是原料的选择和准备。

The first step in the production of perovskite solar cells is the selection and preparation of raw materials.2.为了确保生产过程的质量和稳定性，需要进行原料的精细加工和筛选。

To ensure the quality and stability of the production process, it is necessary to refine and screen the raw materials.3.接下来是原料的混合和配比，确保生产所需的化学成分和比例准确无误。

The next step is the mixing and proportioning of raw materials to ensure the accurate chemical composition and proportion required for production.4.在混合和配比完成后，需要将原料进行成型，通常采用压制或喷涂等工艺。

After the mixing and proportioning is completed, the raw materials need to be formed, usually using pressing or spraying techniques.5.成型后的材料需要进行烧结处理，以确保材料的致密性和稳定性。

The formed materials need to undergo sintering treatment to ensure the density and stability of the materials.6.接下来是薄膜的制备和涂布，将之前制备好的钙钛矿薄膜涂布在导电玻璃基板上。

《ECMO技术在病例管理中的规范化实施》英文版

《ECMO技术在病例管理中的规范化实施》英文版Standardized Implementation of ECMO Technology in Case ManagementIn the field of medical technology, the use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) has become increasingly common in managing critical cases. This document aims to provide guidelines for the standardized implementation of ECMO technology in case management.IntroductionECMO is a life-saving technique that provides temporary respiratory and/or cardiac support to patients with severe respiratory or cardiac failure. It involves the use of an artificial lung (membrane oxygenator) to oxygenate blood outside the body and remove carbon dioxide before returning it to the patient's circulation.Benefits of ECMO- Improved Oxygenation: ECMO can rapidly improve oxygen levels in the blood, providing vital support to patients in respiratory distress.- Cardiac Support: In cases of severe cardiac failure, ECMO can assist the heart in pumping blood effectively.- Time for Recovery: ECMO gives patients time to recover from acute respiratory or cardiac failure while their lungs or heart heal.Standardization of ECMO Implementation1. Patient Selection: Careful selection of patients for ECMO therapy is crucial. Candidates should meet specific criteria based on their condition and prognosis.2. Team Collaboration: A multidisciplinary team including intensivists, perfusionists, and ECMO specialists should work together to manage ECMO cases effectively.3. Training and Education: Healthcare professionals involved in ECMO management should undergo regular training to ensure competency in handling the technology.4. Protocols and Guidelines: Standardized protocols for ECMO initiation, monitoring, and weaning should be followed to ensure consistent care delivery.5. Quality Assurance: Regular audits and quality improvement initiatives should be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ECMO implementation.Challenges in ECMO Implementation- Resource Allocation: ECMO requires specialized equipment and trained personnel, which may pose challenges in resource-limited settings.- Complications: ECMO therapy can be associated with complications such as bleeding, infection, and circuit failure, requiring vigilant monitoring and management.- Ethical Considerations: Ethical dilemmas may arise in decision-making regarding ECMO initiation and withdrawal, highlighting the importance of clear guidelines.ConclusionThe standardized implementation of ECMO technology in case management is essential to ensure optimal patient outcomes. By following established protocols, collaborating effectively, and prioritizing patient safety, healthcare providers can maximize the benefits of ECMO therapy in critical care settings.By adhering to these guidelines, healthcare providers can ensure the successful implementation of ECMO technology in case management, ultimately improving patient outcomes and enhancing the quality of care delivery.。

是否适合当领导者,由心根决定读后感

英文回答：One of the most important criteria for the selection of leaders is whether they have internal discretion。

A strong， value—based leader often displays greater resilience and stability in the face of difficulties and challenges。

This inherent decision—making power will profoundly influence their decision—making and action in dealing with team issues and challenges。

The sincerity， perseverance and leadership of leaders will be even more prominent when they are deeply aware of their mission and responsibilities。

This internal decision—making power can also infect and influence team members and increase their trust in and respect for leaders。

A determined leader is often better able to provide leadership and inspire teams to work towardsmon goals。

在选拔领导者时，最为重要的标准之一乃是其是否具有内心的决定力。

一个内心坚定、价值观明确的领导者，在面临困难和挑战时常能展现更大的韧性和稳定性。

waitforsingleobject优先级

waitforsingleobject优先级WaitForSingleObject is a fundamental function in the Windows API, particularly in the context of threading and synchronization. It allows a thread to wait for a specified object to be in a signaled state. The behavior and behavior of WaitForSingleObject are deeply influenced by the priority of the calling thread and the object it is waiting on.WaitForSingleObject是Windows API中的一个基础函数，特别是在线程和同步的上下文中。

它允许一个线程等待一个指定的对象进入信号状态。

WaitForSingleObject的行为和行为深受调用线程的优先级以及它所等待的对象的影响。

When it comes to the priority of threads in the context of WaitForSingleObject, it's important to understand that Windows operates with a preemptive scheduling model. This means that a higher-priority thread can preempt a lower-priority thread at any time, potentially interrupting its WaitForSingleObject call. This behavior can lead to unexpected results, especially in complex multithreaded applications.在WaitForSingleObject的上下文中谈到线程的优先级时，重要的是要理解Windows采用的是抢占式调度模型。

招聘计划方案英语怎么说

招聘计划方案英语怎么说Recruitment Plan ProposalI. IntroductionIn this proposal, we outline a comprehensive recruitment plan for our organization. The plan aims to attract and select qualified candidates to meet our staffing needs successfully. The scope of this plan covers various stages of the recruitment process, from planning to selection.II. Recruitment ObjectivesOur recruitment objectives are:1. To attract a pool of qualified candidates for open positions2. To increase the diversity of our workforce3. To ensure a smooth and efficient recruitment process4. To select the best-fit candidates for each roleIII. Recruitment Strategy1. Job Analysis: Conduct a thorough analysis of each position's requirements and responsibilities to develop accurate job descriptions and specifications.2. Sourcing Channels: Utilize multiple sourcing channels, including online job boards, professional networking sites, employee referrals, and recruitment agencies, to reach a broader talent pool.3. Employer Branding: Enhance the organization's brand reputation and image through online presence, social media, professional content creation, and positive reputation management.4. Campus Recruitment: Establish partnerships with universities and colleges to attract fresh talent through internships, job fairs,and on-campus presentations.5. Talent Relationship Management: Develop and maintain strong relationships with potential candidates who might not be actively seeking employment but possess valuable skills and experience.6. Selection Process: Implement a structured and standardized selection process, including resume screening, interviews, assessments, and reference checks, to ensure fair and objective candidate evaluation.7. Candidate Experience: Enhance the candidate experience throughout the recruitment process by providing timely feedback, clear communication, and a positive impression of our organization.IV. Implementation Plan1. Timeline: Develop a detailed timeline for each recruitment stage, from job posting to candidate selection, ensuring that the process is efficient and timely.2. Resource Allocation: Allocate necessary resources, including budget, personnel, and technology, to support the implementation of the recruitment plan.3. Evaluation Metrics: Establish key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure the effectiveness of the recruitment plan, such as the number of qualified candidates, time-to-fill vacancies, diversity ratio, and candidate satisfaction surveys.V. ConclusionThrough the implementation of this recruitment plan, we aim to attract and select talented individuals who will contribute to our organization's success. Additionally, we strive to enhance ouremployer brand and ensure a positive candidate experience throughout the recruitment process.。

erp实施方案英语

erp实施方案英语Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Implementation PlanIntroductionERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is a software system that integrates various business processes and functions into a single platform. It helps organizations to streamline their operations, improve efficiency, and make better decisions. Implementing an ERP system requires careful planning and execution to ensure its success. In this document, we will outline an ERP implementation plan in English.1. Project InitiationThe first phase of the ERP implementation plan is project initiation. This involves identifying the need for an ERP system, defining the project scope, and establishing the project team. The project initiation phase also includes conducting a feasibility study, identifying key stakeholders, and securing executive sponsorship for the project.2. Business Process AnalysisOnce the project initiation is complete, the next phase is the businessprocess analysis. This involves documenting the current business processes, identifying pain points and inefficiencies, and defining the desired future state. The business process analysis phase also includes conducting gap analysis to identify the differences between the current and future state.3. Vendor SelectionAfter the business process analysis, the organization needs to select an ERP vendor. This involves creating a request for proposal (RFP), evaluating vendor proposals, and conducting vendor demonstrations. The vendor selection phase also includes negotiating contracts and finalizing the vendor selection.4. System Design and ConfigurationOnce the ERP vendor is selected, the system design and configuration phase begins. This involves designing the system architecture, configuring the ERP system to meet the organization's requirements, and developing any customizations or integrations. The system design and configuration phase also includes conducting system testing to ensure that the system meets the organization's needs.5. Data Migration and TrainingAfter the system design and configuration, the organization needs to focus on data migration and training. This involves migrating data from the legacy systems to the new ERP system, cleansing and validating the data, and training end-users on how to use the new system. The data migration and training phase also includes developing training materials and conducting training sessions.6. System Testing and AcceptanceOnce the data migration and training are complete, the organization needs to conduct system testing and acceptance. This involves conducting various types of testing, such as unit testing, integration testing, and user acceptance testing. The system testing and acceptance phase also includes resolving any issues or defects identified during testing.7. Go-Live and SupportThe final phase of the ERP implementation plan is go-live and support. This involves deploying the new ERP system, providingpost-go-live support, and monitoring the system's performance. The go-live and support phase also includes conducting a post-implementation review to identify lessons learned and areas forimprovement.ConclusionIn conclusion, the successful implementation of an ERP system requires careful planning and execution. By following the ERP implementation plan outlined in this document, organizations can increase their chances of success and realize the benefits of an integrated and efficient ERP system.。

FUJITSU Software BS2000 SNMP-AGENTS V1.0 数据手册说明书

DatasheetFUJITSU Software BS2000 SNMP-AGENTS V1.0 SNMP agents for system and application monitoring in BS2000SNMP management in BS2000Based on the SNMP protocol, integrated network, system and application management is now possible. Heterogeneous IT components from different manufacturers can be integrated into a uniform management system.In combination with the NET-SNMP component of the BS2000 operating system, the product SNMP-AGENTS serves to connect BS2000 systems to a central management system via the SNMP standard management protocol.With SNMP-AGENTS, Fujitsu provides its customers with a series of agents for system and application monitoring in BS2000. Agents are also available for monitoring and managing various applications, the console interface, BS2000 subsystems, spool and storage systems and log files, as well as for the HSMS, openFT, open SM2 and openUTM products.Product CharacteristicsThe release unit NET-SNMP of the BS2000 operating system and the product SNMP-AGENTS offer the basic functionality for BS2000 systems to be integrated into SNMP-based management environments.NET-SNMP and SNMP-AGENTS allow network, system and application management via SNMP from a central management station. SNMP management architectureWith the product SNMP-AGENTS, Fujitsu provides a series of agents for system and application monitoring in BS2000. Agents are also available for monitoring and managing various applications, the console interface, BS2000 subsystems, spool and storage systems and log files, as well as for the HSMS, openFT, open SM2 and openUTM products.The basic functionalities for SNMP in BS2000 are generally available with the operating system component NET-SNMP. In addition to the SNMP daemon snmpd, the SNMP trap daemon and SNMP client tools, NET-SNMP also includes the Event Agent and the Scheduler Agent.In addition, SNMP agents are provided in individual products, which complement the BS2000 agents implemented in SNMP-AGENTS:■BCAM agent in openNet Server■FTP agent in internet Services■SESAM agent in SESAM/SQLDescription of SNMP agentsApplication Monitor AgentThe Application Monitor Agent enables the monitoring of user applications, BCAM applications, DCAM applications, BS2000 subsystems and log files. Information written to a log file can be sent as a message (SNMP trap) to a management station. The agent also can generate SNMP traps for state changes of subsystems in BS2000. Additionally, the Application Monitor can evaluate job variables and thereupon generate SNMP traps as a message.Logically related components of a process (applications, log files, subsystems and job variables) can be monitored together as a group. Console Monitor AgentThe Console Monitor Agent monitors the console interface. The agent is used to record console messages and to enter console commands. It will rarely make sense to pass on all console messages to the management station. Therefore, the Console Monitor Agent offers options for filtering console messages to limit the flood of messages. SNMP agent for HSMSThe HSMS agent allows you to read and modify global HSMS data. It also provides detailed information on HSMS orders and their statuses. The scope of the display can be limited by the selection criteria "condition" and "place of origin". SNMP agent for Host ResourcesThe Host Resources agent provides information about the system, devices, file systems, installed software and status changes.SNMP agent for openFT (BS2000)The openFT agent is used■for starting and stopping openFT (BS2000)■for obtaining information about system parameters of openFT (BS2000)■to change the public key for encryption■to output statistical data and partner information■for controlling the diagnosticsThe proprietary MIB for openFT (BS2000) provides objects for the management tasks mentioned above.SNMP agent for openSM2The performance agent for openSM2 provides basic information about the openSM2 itself, i.e. the status of the subsystem, the version, the size of the measurement interval and the sampling cycle.The measured values correspond to the SM2-known report groups and inform for example about■the CPU usage,■I/O activities,■the utilization of the main memory and the virtual address space, ■the allocation of the main memory by the four standard categories of tasks,■input and output operations on peripheral devices during a measurement interval,■application-specific data of UTM applications,■individual virtual machines of a VM2000 system,■consumption values of individual tasks.SNMP agent for openUTMThe openUTM agent offers the following services:■monitoring and control of selected UTM applications■information about system parameters, physical and logical terminals, terminal pools, transaction codes, transaction classes, user data, connections■statistical data■changing application properties and system parameters■locking or unlocking UTM data stations■changing the configuration file■terminating an UTM applicationSNMP agent for Spool & Print ServicesThe Spool & Print Service agent is used to monitor SPOOL and RSO devices. The Print Service agent is delivered with a proprietary MIB that provides information about devices and print jobs.TopicsSNMP agent for StorageThe agent for storage management provides information about pubsets and disks as well as the availability of the storage management products HSMS, MAREN and ROBAR. Accordingly, a proprietary MIB is delivered with the agent, which contains in addition to the global data of the agent four groups with the following information:■general information about HSMS, MAREN and ROBAR■resources information■display of all pubsets in a table■display of all disks in a tableTechnical DetailsRequirementsTechnical Requirements Hardware FUJITSU Server BS2000 SE seriesTechnical Requirements Software FUJITSU Software BS2000 OSD/XC from V11.0, correction level as of KP1/2018 Demands on the user Knowledge of BS2000Installation and operationOperating mode Interactive (dialog) and batch modeUser interface Commands in English, message texts in German/EnglishInstallation By the customer according to the release noticeDocumentationDocumentation The manuals concerned are available on the manual server.PurchasingConditions This software product can be leased by the customer in accordance with theconditions for the use of software products.Ordering and delivery This software product may be obtained from your local Fujitsu TechnologySolutions GmbH regional office.Products/global/products/In addition to the Fujitsu BS2000, Fujitsu offers a full portfolio of other computing products.Computing products■ Storage systems: ETERNUS■ Server: PRIMERGY, PRIMEQUEST, Fujitsu SPARC M10, BS2000/OSD Mainframe ■ Client Computing Devices: LIFEBOOK, STYLISTIC, ESPRIMO, FUTRO, CELSIUS ■ Peripherals: Fujitsu Displays, Accessories ■ Software ■ NetworkProduct Support Services with differentservice levels agreements are recommended to safeguard each product and ensure smooth IT operation.Solutions/global/solutions The Fujitsu solutions combine reliable Fujitsu products with the best in services, know-how and worldwide partnerships. Fujitsu's Solutions include parts of one or more activity groups (e.g., planning, implementation, support, management, and training services) and are designed to solve a specific business need.Infrastructure Solutions are customer offerings created by bringing Fujitsu’s best products, services and technologies together with those from partners to deliver benefit to our customers’ businesses .Industry Solutions are tailored to meet the needs of specific verticals.Business and Technology Solutions provide a variety of technologies developed to tackle specific business issues such as security and sustainability, across many verticals. /global/services/ Several customizable Fujitsu Service offerings ensure that IT makes a realdifference and delivers true business value. We do this by leveraging our extensive experience in managing large, complex, transformational IT programs to help clients in planning, delivering and operating IT services in a challenging and changing business environment.Application Services support the development, integration, testing,deployment and on-going management of both custom developed and packaged applications. The services focus on delivering business and productivity improvements for organizations.Business Services respond to the challenge of planning, delivering and operating IT in a complex and changing IT environment. Managed Infrastructure Services enable customers to deliver the optimal IT environment to meet their needs –achieving high levels of IT service quality and performance for data center and end user environments./global/about/environment/ Fujitsu Green Policy Innovation is ourworldwide project for reducing burdens on the environment. Using our global know-how, we aim to resolve issues of environmental energy efficiency through IT. Please find further information at:Learn more about Fujitsu, please contact your Fujitsu sales representative, Fujitsu business partner, or visit our website./fts© 2018 Fujitsu Technologie Solutions and the Fujitsu logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Fujitsu Limited in Japan and other countries. BS2000 is a trademark or (a) registered trademark of Fujitsu Technologie Solutions GmbH in Germany and other countries. Other company, product and service names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.Technical data subject to modification and delivery subject to availability. Any liability that the data and illustrations are complete, actual or correct is excluded. Designations may be trademarks and/or copyrights of the respective manufacturer, the use of which by third parties for their own purposes may infringe the rights of such owner.More informationContactFujitsu Technology Solutions GmbHMies-van-der-Rohe-Straße 8, 80807 München Website: /fts January, 31 2019 EN。

员工管理制度英文

I. IntroductionThis Employee Management Policy (hereinafter referred to as the "Policy") is formulated in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations ofthe People's Republic of China, the company's constitution, and the actual situation of the company. The Policy aims to establish a soundand efficient management system for employees, ensure the orderly operation of the company, and create a harmonious and cooperative work environment.II. Scope of ApplicationThis Policy applies to all employees of the company, including full-time, part-time, and temporary employees. It also applies to the company's branches, subsidiaries, and affiliated enterprises.III. Management Principles1. Compliance with Laws and Regulations: Adhere to the spirit of thelaws and regulations of the People's Republic of China, comply with the provisions of the company's constitution, and implement the Policy in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations.2. Fairness and Justice: Treat all employees fairly and justly, ensure the rights and interests of employees, and create a fair and equitable working environment.3. Humanistic Management: Pay attention to the mental health andphysical health of employees, promote the development of employees, and create a positive and harmonious working atmosphere.4. Efficiency and Effectiveness: Optimize the management process, improve the efficiency of work, and achieve the best results in the shortest time.IV. Management Content1. Recruitment and Selection: The company will establish a fair and transparent recruitment and selection mechanism, and select employees based on their qualifications, experience, and ability.2. Onboarding and Training: Provide new employees with onboarding training, help them quickly adapt to the work environment, and improve their professional skills.3. Work Allocation and Supervision:合理分配工作任务，明确岗位职责，加强工作监督，确保工作质量和进度。

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object-role model intermediate data structure relational model hierarchical model network model
Figure 1: Framework for internal mapping
The organisation of the paper is as follows. Section 2 summarizes the basic notions of object-role models and their internal representations. Section 3 describes the corresponding transformations
The focus of this paper is database design in the context of converting a conceptual data model into an internal representation. For a given conceptual data model, an access prole speci es statistical information about (retrieval and update) requests to be performed, while a data pro le speci es a statistical characterization of the database contents. The corresponding time/space trade-o and update/retrieval trade-o are usually very untransparent, especially in the case of large databases with many di erent fact types, combined with complex pro les. In this paper we describe a general strategy for examining the tradeo s for a given application, and for constructing and trying-out several (di erent) databases for the same conceptual data model (multiprototyping).
Halpin and R. Meersman, editors, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Object-Role Modelling (ORM-1), pages 103{112, Magnetic Island, Australia, July 1994.
Abstract
1 Introduction
Object-role models are widely used for conceptual data modelling. Although several approaches exist for converting an object-role model into a `good' internal representation (see e.g. 11], 13], 15], 17], 18], 8] and 9]), there is no general strategy for examining the time/space and update/retrieval trade-o for a given database application. However, if the actual implementation of a given conceptual model must satisfy the requirements of a particular application environment, such a strategy is essential. Most approaches in the literature and in current CASE tools focus on constraint-driven transformations, whereas a strategy for examining trade-o s should also consider performance-driven transformations. This paper describes such a strategy, along with a research prototype. Our strategy aims at (1) automatically transforming candidate internal representations into each other (i.e. walking through the solution space), (2) examining the time/space and update/retrieval trade-o for a given application, and (3) realizing and trying-out di erent internal representations for the same conceptual model (multiprototyping). In order to guarantee platform independency, the transformations are expressed in terms of an intermediate language (see gure 1).
Information Systems Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Computing Science, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands, E-mail: pvb@cs.kun.nl
2 Internal representations of object-role models
In this section we describe a mechanism for specifying internal views of object-role models. We do not delve into the formal semantics of this mechanism. The semantics of the underlying objectrole structure may be found in 2], while a detailed treatment of the corresponding internal representations is found in 5] and 3].
X3
number (3) number (1) char (3) 4 5
F1
1 2
char (8)
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้F2
3
X1
X2
X4 F3
10 11
8 9
F4
6 7
F5
12 13 14
X5
char (15)
F6
Figure 2: Example object-role structure
Obviously, the information analysis phase usually results in a conceptual model which is far more complex than the example in gure 2. For instance, there will be more fact types, and fact types may be objecti ed. Furthermore, object types are ordered in generalization and specialization (subtyping) hierarchies, while a large variety of constraints is used for specifying advanced integrity rules. Finally, a distinction is made between lexical object types (label types) and non-lexical object types (entity types). Although these possibilities constitute an important aspect of object-role models, we do not treat them in detail in this paper. For the internal mapping we focus on the kernel, assuming a (preprocessed) attened information structure consisting of n-ary fact types, and examine the problems of implementation selection, time/space trade-o and update/retrieval trade-o for these structures.
and their application in so-called evolution strategies. We introduce a multiobjective tness function, and give an example cost model for computing the expected storage requirements and the expected average response time. Section 4 describes a research prototype. The paper is concluded with directions for further research.