初一阅读课件

意思，领悟隐含在字里行间的内涵，体会 作者的言外之意、弦外之音。找出作者所 陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想 倾向和感情色彩的词语，进行符合逻辑的 推理。
例： Have you ever held a toy balloon ( 气球)? They are very light. But there are much bigger balloons. These balloons can fly very high up in the sky. They are big enoughlled hot-air balloons. To make a hot-air balloon go up, turn on the burner (燃烧器). That will make the air inside the balloon hotter. Then the balloon will go up. To make the balloon go down, turn off the burner. The air inside the balloon will get cooler. Then the balloon will go down.
技巧 3
根据同义词的替代关系猜词义
In the ancient city of Rome(罗马), we visited every mansion , church[tʃɜ:rtʃ] （教堂）, theatre and other public halls[hɔ:ls]. mansion 建筑物或场所
技巧 1
根据定义或解释猜测词义
A calendar is a list of the days ,weeks, months of a particular year. calendar 日历
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year. herdsman 牧人
如何学习英语阅读？
考查题型及解题方法：
主旨大意 细节理解 猜测词义 推理判断
一 主旨大意题
考查学生对文章主题或中心思想 的领会和理解能力。
提问方式：
1）问标题 What is the main topic of the passage？ The best title for the passage is ______.
Babies and young children love to hear people singing to them. When they are a little older, they like to sing the songs they have heard. When children go to school,their world of music grows. In the middle grades students take music lessons. When they reach high school,they become interested in listening to pop music.
技巧 1
根据定义或解释猜测词义
A calendar is a list of the days ,weeks, months of a particular year. calendar 日历
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year. herdsman 牧人
二 细节理解题
本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的 某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能 力。问题包括询问人(who)、物(what)、 时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(cause)、 结果(effect)、文中的数据(data)等。新闻、 说明文、广告信息等常常考查这些细节。
解题策略：
2）问中心 The first paragraph is mainly about the _____ The passage is mostly about____
3） 问目的；态度 The author wants to tell ____ The purpose of this article is to ____
技巧 4 根据反义猜词
Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate.
sedate
安静的
技巧 5 根据上下文情景确定词义
All his attempts[əˈtempt] to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.
容易选错的干扰项:
以偏概全
夸大主题
把观点强加给作者
解题策略

找主题句。主题句是归纳文章中心 的句子，它的出现有三种情况：
1、在开头。主题句在文章开头，其后的句子则是论 证性细节。 新闻报道、说明文、议论文常用此方式。
Good morning. The program today is about music. The word “music” comes from the Greek word “muse”. The Muses are the goddesses of the arts. Music is only one of the arts. It is like the spoken language,but is uses sounds. Today's program brings together music from different corners of the world. Who invented music？ Who sang the first song？ No one knows exactly the answers to these questions. But we know that music plays an important part in almost everyone's life.
技巧 8

根据因果关系猜测词义
You shouldn't have blamed him for that， for it wasn't his fault [fɔlt]. blame 责备
四 推理判断题
推理判断题着重考查学生的逻辑思维能力， 即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此 类题目难度大，设计面广，如人物的性格、心理、 故事的结局、寓意、文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾 向、态度等。其题目设计的方式一般有：
futile
徒劳的
技巧 6
根据常识、经验猜生词
The old man put on his spectacles and began to read． spectacles 老花镜
技巧 7 根据构词法猜测词义
He has renamed the restaurant[ˈrestrɑ:nt] “Paradise”. rename 重新起名，改名
3. 在中间。
通常是文章的开头提出问题，陈述 细节，导出主题句，然后再进一步 用细节说明支持主题句。如：
Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions（发明 ） are so helpful to a child who is afraid of __________________________________________________ the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. ____________________________________ Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper（宿 营者） also needs one after the light of the campfire（篝火） has been out（熄灭）.
容易选错的干扰项：
选项中意思虽然与原文相符，但是只是涉及一些细枝末节，
不符合题干。 选项内容与原文无关, 或者是对文章内容作了张冠李戴的 处理。 选项是对原文内容的简单重复，不是推理得出的结论。
选项的内容纯属主观臆断得出的结论，文章根本没有提及。
解题策略：
做这类题目时，大家必须透过文章的字面
1）对应性 2）准确性 3）区分性
三 词义猜测题
单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主 要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语 的理解。而且，所考查的词或短语的 意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据文 中语境来判断。
解题策略:
阅读中碰到生词时不要着急，耐心地读下 去，文章会帮助你猜出生词词义。此外，我们 也可以通过构词法知识分析生词词义，或通过 上下文,同义词，反义词，生活常识等猜测，尤 其是本句话以及前后两句话，给生词假设意思 ，看是否读的通。还可以联想，即回想已知词 汇中是否存在拼写方法与该生词类似的词。
技巧 2
根据对比确定词义
Our maths professor（教授） says that all the problems he gives us are simple ones， however，we feel that they are intricate and hard to solve． Intricate 复杂的
Underneath (在…下面) the balloon there is a large basket. That is where the pilot (飞行员) and the passengers (乘客) go. The burner is just above the basket. You can stand in the basket and turn the burner on and off. The balloon will go where the wind blows it. Do you want the balloon to go somewhere special? First make sure the wind is blowing the right way! People have been flying in hot-air balloons for over two hundred years. Before planes it was the only way of flying. Today people fly in hot air balloons for fun. Some people like to race hot-air balloons. The first Hot-Air Balloon World Championship ( 锦标赛) was held in 1973.