英语_2020-2021学年江苏省南通市某校高二(上)期初英语试卷(含答案)

2020-2021学年江苏省南通市某校高二（上）期初英语试卷
II. 阅读理解：（共4小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分）
1.
The National Gallery
Description:
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th﹣century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh． The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance．
Layout:
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th﹣ to 15th﹣century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van
Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling．
The main West Wing houses 16th﹣century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest．
The North Wing houses 17th﹣century paintings, and artists include
Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer．
The East Wing houses 18th﹣to early 20th﹣century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh
Opening Hours:
The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm（Fridays 10am to 9pm）and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions．
Getting There:
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross（2﹣minute walk）． Leicester Square（3﹣minute walk）, Embankment （7﹣minute walk）, and Piccadilly Circus （8﹣minute walk）．
（1）In which century's collection can you see religious paintings？________
A The 13th．
B The 17th．
C The 18th．
D The 20th．．
（2）Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown？________
A In the East Wing．
B In the main West Wing．
C In the Sainsbury
Wing． D In the North Wing．．
（3）Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery？________
A Piccadilly Circus．
B Leicester Square．
C Embankment．
D Charing Cross．
2. The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital． She is quiet but alert（警觉）．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it． She stares at it carefully．A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced．As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze（凝视） starts to lose its focus ﹣ until a third, with three black spots, is presented． Her gaze returns; she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card． Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming
into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes． Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects（a comb, a key, an orange and so on）, changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves． Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again． Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two． The effect even crosses between senses． Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise（同样地） when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots．
（1）The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's________．
A sense of hearing
B sense of sight
C sense of touch
D sense of smell．
（2）Babies are sensitive to the change in________．
A the size of cards
B the colour of pictures
C the shape of patterns
D the number of objects．
（3）Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats？________
A To reduce the difficulty of the experiment．
B To see how babies recognize sounds．
C To carry their experiment further．
D To keep the babies' interest．．
（4）Where does this text probably come from？________
A Science fiction．
B Children's literature．
C An advertisement．
D A science report．
3. Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries． It does, however, have its own problem．
Race walkers are conditioned athletes． The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50﹣kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon． But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact（接触） with the ground at all times． It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive
activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass．
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says． According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories（卡路里） per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1, 000 or more calories per hour．
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr． Norberg says． According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about
1.4 times their body weight with each step．
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers． But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport． In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says． It takes some practice．
（1）Why are race walkers conditioned athletes？________
A They must run long distances．
B They are qualified for the marathon．
C They have to follow special rules．
D They are good at swinging their legs．．
（2）What advantage does race walking have over running？________
A It's more popular at the Olympics．
B It's less challenging physically．
C It's more effective in body building．
D It's less likely to cause knee injuries．．
（3）What is Dr． Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking？________
A Getting experts' opinions．
B Having a medical checkup．
C Hiring an experienced coach．
D Doing regular exercises．．
（4）Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking？________
A Skeptical．
B Objective．
C Tolerant．
D Conservative．
4. The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research． Recent studies have found positive effects． A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime． In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants．
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT） have taken it a step further﹣changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions． These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater．"We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day, " explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT．
One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow（发光） in experiments using some common vegetables． Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three ﹣and﹣a﹣half hours． The light, about one﹣thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start． The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self﹣powered street lamps．
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one﹣off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime． The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off "switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight．
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US． Since lighting
is often far removed from the power source（电源）﹣such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway﹣a lot of energy is lost during transmission（传输）． Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy．
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about？________
A A new study of different plants．
B A big fall in crime rates．
C Employees from various workplaces．
D Benefits from green plants．．
（2）What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer？________ A To detect plants' lack of water． B To change compositions of plants． C To make the life of plants longer． D To test chemicals in plants．．
（3）What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future？________
A They will speed up energy production．
B They may transmit electricity to the home．
C They might help reduce energy consumption．
D They could take the place of power plants．．
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？________
A Can we grow more glowing plants
B How do we live with glowing plants
C Could glowing plants replace lamps
D How are glowing plants made pollution﹣free．
III. 七选五：（共1小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分）
5. The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet， chat and go where we've never been before．
But just as in face to face communication， there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line．（1）_______． Imagine how you'd feel if you were in the other person's shoes．
For anything you're about to send： ask yourself， "Would I say this to the person's face？" If the answer is no， rewrite and reread．（2）_______
If someone in the chat room is rude to you， your instinct （本能） is to fire back in the same manner． But try not to do so．（3）_______ If it was caused by a disagreement with another member， try to fix the situation by politely discussing it． Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room．
（4）_______ Offer advice when asked by newcomers， as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate． When someone makes a mistake， whether it's a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer， be kind about it． If it's a small mistake， you may not need to say anything． Even if you feel strongly about it， think twice before saying anything． Having good manners yourself doesn't give you license to correct everyone else．（5）_______ At the same time， if you find you are wrong， be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended．
It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age， sex and marital status． Unless you know the person very well， and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information， don't ask such questions．
A． It's natural that there some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online．
B． Repeat the process till you feel sure that you'd feel comfortable saying the words to the person's face．
C． Everyone was new to the network once．
D． The basic rule is simple： treat others in the same way you would want to be treated．E． When you send short messages to a person online， you must say something beautiful
to hear．
F． You should either ignore the person， or use your chat software to block their messages．G． If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake， point it out politely．
IV. 完形填空（共15空，每空1分，满分15分）
6. Molai grew up in a tiny village in India． The village lay near some wetlands which became his second（1）_______． He learned the value and beauty of（2）_______ there from
a very young age．
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something（3）_______ happening around his home． A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the（4）_______ it caused had driven away a number of birds．（5）_______, the number of snakes had declined as well． He（6）
_______ that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the（7）
_______． The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek（8）_______ during the daytime． He turned to the （9）_______ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there． However, Molai went looking on his own and（10）_______ a nearby island where he began to plant trees．
（11）_______young plants in the dry season was（12）_______ for a lone boy． Molai built
at the（13）_______ of each sapling（幼树）a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to （14）_______ rainwater． The water would then drip（滴落）on
the plants below．
Molai（15）_______ to plant trees for the next 37 years． His efforts have resulted in 1, 360 acres of naturally﹣grown land that has become home to many plants and animals．
（1）
A dream
B job
C home
D choice
（2）
A nature
B youth
C culture
D knowledge
（3）
A precious
B interesting
C disturbing
D awkward
（4）
A waste
B tension
C pain
D damage
（5）
A Besides
B However
C Therefore
D Otherwise
（6）
A agreed
B realized
C remembered
D predicted
（7）
A noise
B heat
C disease
D dust
（8）
A directions
B partners
C help
D shelter
（9）
A labor
B police
C forest
D finance
（10）
A rebuilt
B discovered
C left
D managed
（11）
A Decorating
B Observing
C Watering
D Guarding
（12）
A tough
B illegal
C fantastic
D beneficial
（13）
A back
B top
C foot
D side
（14）
A cool down
B keep off
C purify
D collect
（15）
A returned
B learned
C failed
D continued
V. 语法填空（共10空，每空1.5分，满分15分）
7. I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday．It was a sunny day． Eager to spend some time outside， I went up the mountain with my uncle． The mountain was hard （1）________（climb） and had tough rocks and streams on it． In the end，（2）________ （exhaust） and hot， I couldn't go any further． So we went back down the mountain in the end．
On the way back down， my uncle asked me a question，（3）________ left me speechless for
a second： "What's your dream， young lady？"
"I have no idea，" I answered （4）________thinking about it for a while． Then he smiled
and told me about his story． He didn't perform well at school when he was a
student． Although nobody thought he could succeed， he knew clearly（5）________his dream was﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣to be a businessman． "I knew I wasn't gifted when it came to
studying， so I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class，" he told
me． After he left school， he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers． Of course， he often had no money in his pocket， but （6）
________ tough life was， he never gave up．
"There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal
will have good luck at some point． The meaning of life is to chase your dream，" he said gently．
That night I（7）________ hardly fall asleep． I lay in bed tossing and turning， asking myself，"What's my motivation？"
I once wanted to be a top student， but the hard work needed meant（8）________ （put）everything into following my passion． If I find myself lacking willpower， what should I do？Leaving home early the next morning， I climbed the mountain again by （9）________． It made me think： If we don't experience the climb， how can we get to see the scenery on
the top of the mountain？ In the end， I reached the top and （10）________ （fascinate） by the warm breeze and sunshine． Nothing could be more pleasant than that．
VI. 单词拼写：根据句意及提示，拼写单词（共10题，每题1.5分，满分15.0分）
8. The students looked at me blankly without any c________ of what I had said．
9. We have tried our best to make our design more________ （有吸引力）to young people．
10. More than 20 c________ took part in the game， among whom only one will be the winner．
11. Don't waste p________ time just sitting around here doing nothing at all．
12. According to Darwin's theory of e________， human beings developed from apes（猿）．
13. The Hotel Gardesana offers________（绝佳的） views of the lake．
14. Email and Wechat have t________ the way people communicate with each other．
15. For the sake of________（安全）， drivers are required to wear safety belts while driving．
16. This kind of things should be dealt with________（小心、谨慎）．
17. It's a matter of personal________ （喜好） whether a man likes meat or vegetables．
VII. 英语写作（共1题，满分25分）
18. 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom在来信中提到对中国唐诗感兴趣，并请求你介绍一
位你最喜欢的唐代诗人．请你给Tom回信，内容包括：
1．诗人简介；
2．你喜欢他的原因；
3．你也非常喜欢唐诗，愿意跟Tom多交流．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头已为你写好．
Dear Tom，
____________________
Yours，
Li Hua
2020-2021学年江苏省南通市某校高二（上）期初英语试卷答案
1. A
B
D
2. B
D
C
D
3. C
D
A
B
4. D
A
C
C
5. D,B,F,C,G
6. C
A
C
D
A
B
B
D
C
B
C
A
B
D
D
7. to climb,exhausted,which,after,what,however,could,putting,myself,was fascinated
8. omprehension
9. appealing
10. ompetitors
11. recious
12. volution
13. superb/excellent
14. ransformed
15. security
16. cautiously
17. preference
18. Dear Tom，
I'm glad to hear from you．I feel proud to know that you are interested in Tang poems．（你也非常喜欢唐诗，愿意跟Tom多交流）
As for my favorite poet， it must be Li Bai． Living in a golden age of Chinese poetry， LiBai is best known for his rich imagination and striking imagery in his poety， as well as for his great love for alcohol．【高分句型一】 Many of his poems will remain today． Li Bai is regarded as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty．（诗人简介）
What I appreciate most are his landscape poems， which are clear and natural in words with profound messages．【高分句型二】 They convey his strong love for nature， friends and the people．（你喜欢他的原因）
Best wishes．
Yours sincerely．
Li Hua。