sandstorms in asiaPPT教学课件

2. 他答应不告述任何人这事。
He promised not to tell anyone about it.
I didn’t ________ it until you had
explained how.
A. manage to do
B. managed to do
C. manage to have done
2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人
Betty was the first to know the truth
e.g.：
He is looking for a room to live in. 当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词 是不定式动作的承受者时, 不定式即可 以用主动语态, 也可以用被动语态。但 含义有所不同。
5. 作状语, 表示目的, 原因, 结果或条件。 e.g.: I came here to see you 目的 We were very excited to find nobody there. 原因 He hurried to the school to find nobody there. 结果 To look at him, you would like him. 条件
2. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ____ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects
3. ___ late in the afternoon. Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep
Let’s try some more exercises.
1. There are five pairs ____, but I’m at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing
作状语
He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be
heard.
目的状语.
They jumped with joy to hear the news.
原因状语.
I’m too tired to walk any further tonight.
结果状语
6. 作表语 e.g.: My job is to help the patient. 注意： 主, 表都是不定式, 前者为条件, 后者 为目的或结果。
We watched them play football .
不定式作宾语补足语省略to 的情况有下 列口诀：一感二听三让五看半帮助。但 是这些句子如果变成被动结构时, 就必须 带上to e.g.: I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song.
作宾补
1. 她叫我呆在这儿。 She asked me to stay here.
2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。 Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.
The government calls on us _______ our
production.
注意
to 有些动词后面的不定式不带 ，如feel（一
感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让） see, watch, notice, observe （四看）.
I heard them sing a pop song .
The teacher made me answer the question.
My father decided not to take up the job. The teacher told us not to be late again.

注意
B. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to
前加疑问词。
Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?
Module4 Sandstorms in Asia Grammar: Infinitive
To do that sort of thing is foolish。主语
动 I want to see you this evening. 宾语 词
不 All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
4. 作定语 I have some books for you to read. 当作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词， 或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定 式动作的地点, 工具等时, 不定式后面必 须有相应的介词。
作定语
1. 你有什么要说的吗?
Do you have anything to say?
of the matter.
A. pointing out
B. to be pointed
C. pointed
D. to point out
本句的意思是: 我的主要目的是指出问题 的难处. 考查动词不定式做表语的情况。 point out 是”指出”的意思。
注意
A. 动词不定式的否定式只须在to
前加 not.
D. manage doing
本句的意思是:直到你解释了如何去做我
才能做到成功。manage 后面用to do 形
式作宾语。
3. 做宾语补足语 e.g.: He asked me to do the work with him. 在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make等词 后的补足语中, 不定式不带 to。
A. Increased
B. increasing
C. Increase
D. to increase
本句意思是: 政府号召我们增加生产。本题 考察动词不定式做宾语补足语, 通常用语及 物动词和一些动词短语之后。如: want sb
to do, wish sb to do, ask sb to do.
3. 如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前, 就要用完成时。
e.g.: I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long. He seems to have seen the film. (不定式的动作在前）
4. 当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式 所表示的动作的承受者时, 不定式一般 要用被动形式。 e.g.: He asked to be sent to work in the countryside. This book was said to have been translated into many languages.
试比较： Have you anything to send? 你有什么东西要（自己）寄吗？ Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么东西要（我或别人）寄吗？
At last, they found a house _________. A. to leave his things with B. to leave his things in C. leaving his things in D. leaving his things 本句的意思是:最后他们终于找到了一间 可以存放东西的屋子。当动词不定式所 修饰的名词或代词是不定式的地点,工具 等时,不定式后面应有必要的介词。
4. With a lot of problems ____, the newlyelected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
5. Her wish is ______ a doctor. A. becoming B. become C. to become D. being come
2. 作宾语: 作宾语时如果还带有宾语补 足语, 往往把不定式放在补足语之后, 而用it 作形式宾语。 e.g.: He wanted to go. I find it interesting to study English.
作宾语
1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。
Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job.
To learn a language is to use it.
作表语
1. 我的工作是教英语。
My job is to teach English.
2. 眼见为实。
To see is to believe.
My chief purpose is _______ the difficulties
To give up smoking is right.
_____ with him is a great pleasure.
A. To talk
B. Talk
C. Talked
D. To talking
本题考察动词不定式做主语的情况, 动词 不定式做主语, 谓语动词用单数形式, 其 他三项都不能用来做主语. 本句的意思是: 跟他聊天是件很快乐的事.
发生在谓语动词之前，与逻辑主语 被动 呈动宾关系。
不定式的时态和语态
1. 不定式的一般形式所表示的动作通常 与谓语的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时) 发生, 或是在它之后发生。 e.g.: I saw him go out.(同时）
I plan to attend the meeting.(之后）
2. 如果谓语表示的动作发生时, 不定式表 示的动作正在进行, 这时要用进行时。 e.g.: I am very glad to be working with you. They seem to be talking about something important. (不定式的动作与谓语动词的 动作总是同时发生的）
定 式
We found a house to live in. 定语
She came here to study English. 状语
I warned the patient not to drink cold water after the operation. 宾补
不定式的用法
不定式的句法功能 1. 作主语: 往往放在谓语动词之后, 用
形式
时间概念
to do 与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语 /do 动词之后
语态 主动
to be 与谓语动词同时发生，动作在进行 主动 doing
to have done
to be done
to have been done
发生在谓语动词之前
主动
与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语 被动 动词之后，与逻辑主语呈动宾关系。
注意
C. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，
动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词， 只保留to 。
A:Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).
it作形式主语 e.g.: To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking.
作主语
1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。
To master a foreign language is really important nowadays.
2. 放弃吸烟是对的。