甘肃省兰州市高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练(6)

甘肃省兰州市2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错自练（6）
阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

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Have you ever wondered what a Degree might be worth to you in your job or career(事业)? It means a lot of Americans with an Associate Degree average nearly $10,000 more in yearly earnings than those with just a High School Diploma(毕业证).
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Mail coupon today! Or call the number below 1-800-372-1589. Call any time, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. www. Harcourt-learning. com E-mail：Harcourt＠learning. com.
1. This advertisement aims at calling on people to ________.
A. attend full-time universities
B. work part time to further their education
C. improve their education at home to get better jobs
D. earn their degrees in different ways that suit them
2. Which of the following is NOT clearly mentioned in this advertisement?
A. The way how you will get your degree.
B. Tuition price.
C. The hot fields you will be preparing yourself for.
D. The length of time it will take you to get a degree.
3. What does the writer of this ad intend to say by naming General Electric, IBM, Ford, etc.?
A. To show that their training is widely used in the country.
B. To show that the training program is fully supported by famous companies in the U. S.
C. To prove the value of their training in every area.
D. To show the importance of getting recognized by the most famous companies.
4. It seems to the writer that the greatest attraction for people to take their training is______.
A. its convenience
B. the degree’s nation-wide recognition
C. the economic benefit(利益) it will bring about
D. the hot fields the training will help people to enter
5. How many ways are mentioned in the ad for people to get in touch with the Harcourt Learning Direct?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
文章是一则业余培训班的招生广告。

1. C。

推理判断题。

根据 With Harcourt, you study at home, in your spare time so you don’t have to give up your present job while you train for a better one(你可以在
家，业余时间接受培训…)可知答案选C。

2. B。

事实细节题。

文章中提到…in the low tuition price y ou pay，但没说具体多少学费，故答案选B。

3. C。

推理判断题。

从Your education is nationally recognized 和If companies like these recognize the value of our training, you can be sure that employees in your area will, too!可知答案C正确。

4. C。

推理判断题。

从Prepare for promotions, pay raises, even start a business of your own可推知答案C正确。

5. D。

事实细节题。

文章共提到四种联系方式：(1)sending today for FREE information (2)fill the coupon (3)mail coupon (4)call，即答案选D。

阅读理解。

You’ve seen news reports about people who need help after a flood. Maybe you’ve walked past people wh o are sleeping on the streets. Or perhaps you’ve watched TV programs about how lonely older people can get. So what can you do about any of those things? The answer: You can volunteer (做志愿者).
Volunteering is a great way to learn new skills — from working as part of a team to setting and reaching goals. It gives you a chance to find out what kinds of things you’re good at and enjoy the most. Volunteering can provide you with a sense of responsibility because people really depend on you. And it can help you understand disabled (残疾的) people, sick kids, or the elderly.
Volunteering helps people feel they do have the power to change things for the better. When people depend on you, it can change the way you look at yourself, and this is the main reason that makes volunteering attractive. You can feel proud of the goals that you’ve achieved (实现) for a charity organization (慈善组织) —whether it’s helping to organize a 10K to raise money for lung cancer or running the race itself. Sometimes it’s easy to feel worried ab out your grades or the fight you had with your friend or parents. And although these things are very important in their own way,
sometimes it can be helpful to get some distance and think about other things. Volunteering allows you to do this. It lets you focus on others that are worth doing. Finally, volunteering can help save you from being bored — it gives you a place to be where you can have a good time and keep busy.
1. From the passage, we can learn that volunteering ____.
A. is the best way to find out your interests
B. mainly helps the old and the poor people
C. makes sure volunteers will get a good job in the future
D. can help volunteers choose a job that they really like in the future
2. Today, most people volunteer mainly for the purpose of ______.
A. making themselves famous and popular
B. knowing their value by helping others
C. increasing their knowledge and learning skills
D. helping people out of trouble
3. What do the underlined words “a 10K” (Paragraph 3) probably refer to?
A. A charity organization.
B. A volunteer group.
C. A 10-kilometer race.
D. A political activity.
4. The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. talk about the difficulties of volunteering
B. talk about how to make life meaningful
C. tell readers how to volunteer
D. talk about the advantages of volunteering
【参考答案】1---4、DBCD
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

体裁：记叙文话题：语言学习时间：8分钟
I prefer Lynne Truss's phraseology: I am a grammar “stickler”．And，like
Truss—author of Eats，Shoots & Leaves—I have a “zero tolerance” approach to grammar mistakes that make people look stupid.
Now，Truss and I disagree on what it means to have“zero tolerance”．She thinks that people who mix up basic grammar “deserve to be struck by lightning，hacked up on the spot and buried in an unmarked grave”，while I just think they deserve to be passed over for a job—even if they are otherwise qualified for the position.
Everyone who applies for a position at either of my companies，iFixit or Dozuki，takes a compu lsory grammar test.If job hopefuls can't distinguish between“to”
and “too”， their applications go into the bin.
Of course，we write for a is the world's largest online repair manual(指南)，and Dozuki helps companies write their own technical documentation，like paperless work instructions and step­by­step user manuals.So，it makes sense that we've made a strong strike against grammar errors.
But grammar is relevant for all companies.Yes，language is constantly changing，but that doesn't make grammar unimportant.Good grammar is credibility，especially on the Internet.And，for better or worse，people judge you if you can't tell the difference between “their”“there” and “they're”．
Good grammar makes good business sense—and not just when it comes to hiring writers.Writing isn't in the official job description of most people in our office.Still，we give our grammar test to everybody，including our salespeople，our operations staff，and our programmers.
Grammar signifies more than just a person's ability to remember high school English.I've found that people who make fewer mistakes on a grammar test also make fewer mistakes when they are doing something completely unrelated to writing—like stocking shelves or labeling parts.It is the same with programmers.Applicants who don't think writing is important are likely to think lots of other things also aren't important.
【语篇导读】作者讲述了自己对语法错误的态度以及正确运用语法的重要性。

1．The author agrees with Lynne Truss on that ______.
A．grammar mistakes can't be tolerant
B．books on grammar make people stupid
C．people need to learn basic grammar
D．grammar mistakes are absolutely unavoidable
解析细节理解题。

根据文章第一段第二句可知，作者和Lynne Truss一样，对语法错误都有一套“零容忍”策略，故选A项。

答案 A
2．What's the author's “zero tolerance” approach to these job seekers who mix up basic grammar?
A．They should be left out for a job.
B．They have to correct their mistakes.
C．They aren't qualified for their jobs.
D．They must be severely punished.
解析细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“while I just think they deserve to be passed over for a job—even if they are otherwise qualified for the position”可知，作者认为这些犯基础语法错误的求职者不应被录取。

答案 A
3．Which of the following is TRUE of iFixit and Dozuki?
A．Only one of them has a compulsory grammar test.
B．They are companies where one learns grammar.
C．Grammar is quite important for their existence.
D．They depend on grammar correction for a living.
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段至第六段内容，作者对每位员工都进行语法测试，因为正确的语法对作者的两个公司非常重要。

答案 C
4．What can we learn from the text?
A．Companies giving grammar tests may have no good business sense.
B．Grammar becomes unimportant as language is constantly changing.
C．A“zero tolerance” approach to grammar errors might seem a little unfair.
D．People who pay attention to writing may pay attention to other things.
解析细节理解题。

文章最后一段指出，在语法测试中出错少的人在做与写作无关的事情时错误也少，由此可见，那些重视写作的人，同样会重视其他事情。

答案 D
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

体裁：说明文话题：公民科学时间：7分钟
Citizen science is a term used for projects or ongoing programs of scientific work in which individual volunteers or networks of volunteers，many of whom may have no specific scientific training，perf orm or manage research­related tasks
such as observation，measurement or computation.
An example of citizen science is a project called Project BudBurst.Over the past six growing seasons，Project BudBurst has used thousands of volunteer observers.They record when local plants develop their leaves，flowers and fruit.The observations go into a huge database.Then plant scientists can study the data to look for changes over time.Project director Sandra Henderson says participatory science like this is an idea that is growing quickly.
For example，people who enjoy astronomy can observe changes in the brightness of a star.People can examine satellite images of Earth to look for sites where archeologists might find the lost tomb of Genghis Khan，the Mongolian warrior and ruler.Or someone interested in orca whales can listen to underwater microphones and let researchers know when the whales are present.Thousands of Americans and Canadians volunteered to count birds this past migration season as part of Project FeederWatch.Another area where citizen science has grown is in testing
water.Amanda Bruner coordinates SoundCitizen，a project based at the University of Washington campus in Tacoma.It keeps track of pollutants in Puget Sound.
Some people，including scientists，still question whether average citizens can collect reliable data.New digital tools can help settle questions about data quality，and make it easier for people to take part in citizen science.
Public health research is another area where average citizens are getting involved—in some cases，whether researchers like it or not.The idea is for the public to have a voice in how public health studies are done.There is even a saying for this kind of activism：“No more research about us without us.”
【语篇导读】本文属于科普类说明文，主要介绍了公民科学的含义以及人们对它的看法。

1．Who are the participants involved in citizen science?
A．Professional scientists who have retired.
B．The public showing interest in some science projects.
C．Citizens who have specific scientific training.
D．Students wanting to be scientists.
解析细节理解题。

根据文章内容可知，公民科学的参与者是对一些科学项目有兴趣的民众，他们中很多人并没有接受过特定的培训。

故B项正确。

答案 B
2．According to the passage，if you are interested in plants，you may take part in ______.
A．Project BudBurst
B．Project FeederWatch
C．SoundCitizen
D．public health research
解析细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“They record when local plants develop their leaves，flowers and fruit...Then plant scientists can study the data to look for changes over time.”可知答案为A。

答案 A
3．From Paragraph 3，we can infer that ______.
A．citizen science develops quickly and includes many fields
B．there is no need for professional scientists to do research
C．observation is the only method to do citizen science
D．citizen science has grown in testing water
解析推理判断题。

根据第二段末尾句和第三段所述内容可推知，citizen science发展迅速且所涉领域很广，故A项正确。

D属于明示信息，不属于推论。

答案 A
4．What can help get reliable data in citizen science?
A．Specific scientific training.
B．More participation of the public.
C．Greater social support.
D．New digital tools.
解析细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段最后一句“New digital tools can help...take part in citizen science.”可知答案为D。

答案 D
【长难句解读】
原文Citizen science is a term used for projects or ongoing programs of scientific work in which individual volunteers or networks of volunteers，many of whom may have no specific scientific training，perform or manage research­related tasks such as observation，measurement or computation.
译文公民科学用于指那些处理科学工作的工程或持续进行的项目，参与其中的是一些个人志愿者或志愿者群体，他们中许多人可能没有经过特定的科学训练，而执行或者管理与科学研究有关的一些任务，如观察、测量或计算。

分析定语从句“in which individual volunteers or networks of volunteers...or computation”为限制性定语从句，修饰“projects or ongoing p rograms of scientific
work”，这一定语从句的主语“individual volunteers or networks of volunteers”
又被many of whom 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰。

短文改错
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一个横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从十一处起）不计分。

I watch TV until 12 o’clock, so I couldn’t go over my lessons. This morning I got up very late that I had to go to school without breakfast in hurry, but I was still late for the first class. When I entered the classroom, the maths teacher had to stop explain an important problem, and all the eyes were fixed upon me. My face turned red. Something even worse was happened to me in English class. The teacher asked me recite the text. However, I could say nothing and sorry, for I did not spend some time preparing my lessons. The teacher looked at me with his coldly eyes. I stood at my bench without daring to raise my head. How a terrible day I had! I will never do anything like this.
【参考答案】4.
I watch TV until 12 o’clock, so I couldn’t go over my lessons. This morning I got up very late
watched so
that I had to go to school without breakfast in∧ hurry, but I was still late for the first class. When
a
I entered the classroom, the maths teacher had to stop explain an important problem, and all the
explaining
eyes were fixed upon me. My face turned red. Something even worse was happened to me in
去掉
English class. The teacher asked me∧ recite the text. However, I could say nothing and sorry, for
to but
I did not spend some time preparing my lessons. The teacher looked at me with his coldly eyes. I
any cold
stood at my bench without daring to raise my head. How a terrible day I had! I will never do
What
anything like this.
5.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共
有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

As we know, when senior students finish their school, most of their reference books are thrown away, which are still in good conditions．What a great waste it is!
I suggested that we should recycle all this books．On the one hand, recycling them can save a lot of natural resources, which are used to make textbooks．On the other hand, the notes on the books are helpful to whoever need them．
In fact, recycling textbooks has been increasing popular in such countries as America and Australia．We should learn from them, but make every effort to build energy-saving society．In my opinion, it is of many benefit both to our present and to
our future．
【参考答案】5.
As we know, when senior students finish their school, most of their reference
books are thrown away, which are still in good conditions. What a great waste it is!
condition
I suggested that we should recycle all this books. On the one hand, recycling
them
suggest these
can save a lot of natural resources, which are used to make textbooks. On the other hand, the notes on the books are helpful to whoever need them.
in needs
In fact, recycling textbooks has been increasing popular in such countries as increasingly
America and Australia. We should learn from them, but make every effort to
and
build∧energy-saving society. In my opinion, it is of many benefit both to
an much
our present and to our future.
短文改错
Mrs. Williams, my next-door neighbor, have a big house with a beautiful
garden in front of them. She is very proud of her house because of it is always
clean and tidy. While cleaned the carpets one day she suddenly saw a little mice run
across her dining room. She felt terrible ashamed, for she used to telling others that
mice were found only in dirty houses. She quickly asked her daughter Jenny help catch the mouse. It takes them almost half an hour to catch the mouse. Afraid of being laughed at by other people around her, Mrs. Williams wanted her daughter to
keep it the secret.
【参考答案】6.
1.have—has
2.them—it
3.of去掉
4.cleaned—cleaning
5. mice—mouse
6.terrible—terribly
7.telling—tell
8. help前加to 9.takes—took 10.the—a。