2018届河北省定州中学(承智班)高三下学期期中考试英语试题(word版)

2018届河北省定州中学（承智班）高三下学期期中考试英语
试题
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5 分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标出试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will the man do first?
A. Send the woman to the airport.
B. Pick up his daughter.
C. Buy a birthday gift.
2. Where are the speakers probably?
A. At home.
B. In a supermarket.
C. In a restaurant.
3. What did the advisor think of Mary’s report?
A. It was acceptable.
B. It should be improved.
C. It went beyond his expectations.
4. What does the man mean?
A. He doesn’t know Dr. Jeffery very well.
B. He thought Dr. Jeffery would get the position.
C. He’s not sure Dr. Jeffery will be a good chairperson.
5. How does the woman want to deal with the jeans?
A. Change them for a smaller size.
B. Have them shortened.
C. Return them.
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5 分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6. How does the woman feel?
A. Tired.
B. Excited.
C. Angry.
7. What did the woman just do?
A. She went shopping.
B. She came across a fight.
C. She watched news about a tornado.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。

8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A restaurant.
B. A job offer.
C. An interview.
9. What’s the man’s nationality?
A. English.
B. Italian.
C. American.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。

10. What does the man say about “The Sambodromo Parade”?
A. Everyone can join in it anytime.
B. The ticket prices are rather high.
C. Samba lovers are crazy about it.
11. Which activity attracts many famous people?
A. The Sambodromo Parade.
B. The normal street parades.
C. Masquerade Balls.
12. How long does the carnival last?
A. One week.
B. Five days.
C. Three days.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。

13. Why does the man get up so early?
A. To finish a paper.
B. To attend a class.
C. To do some exercise.
14. Where does the man probably stay?
A. In a dormitory.
B. In a host family.
C. In his own home.
15. What does the man major in?
A. Sociology.
B. Computer.
C. English.
16. Where will the woman go this afternoon?
A. The hospital.
B. The mountains.
C. The office.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。

17. What percentage of students are absent each day in some large American city schools?
A. 10%~20%.
B. 20%~40%.
C. 40%~60%.
18. Which reason for students’ absences is discussed in great detail?
A. Punishment by teachers.
B. Their skipping classes.
C. Illness.
19. Who will benefit from the scheme being tried in Florida?
A. The board of education.
B. Principals of city schools.
C. Students with good attendance records.
20. What meausre has been taken in San Francisco to protect school property?
A. Punishing students who damage school property.
B. Rewarding schools that have decreased the destruction.
C. Cutting down the budget for repairs and replacements.
二、阅读理解
Many Americans think of driverless cars as a futuristic technology that will revolutionize travel in cities and along state highways. But recent experiments are proving that autonomous vehicles also have the potential to improve the quality of life for millions of Americans underserved by traditional modes of transportation, such as the elderly and disabled, so long as lawmakers make smart policies that pave the way for innovation.
A retirement community in San Jose, Calif. , which has been transformed by a small fleet of driverless taxis, shows the potential of self-driving cars to transform people’s lives. Built by a tech start-up called Voyage, the modified Ford Fusions are currently limited to a two-mile road, but residents are already having the benefits of these autonomous vehicles, which allow them to participate in social activities they would otherwise be unable to enjoy simply because they could not get to them.
When the trial run finally expands to 15 miles of road, these residents—whose average age is 76—will also have a convenient and reliable new way to appointments. As these cars continue to serve residents there, it is easy to understand why California is moving to simplify regulations for the industry.
In Michigan, forward-thinking policies have the potential to unlock other hidden benefits of autonomous vehicles, especially for those with physical disabilities. The Michigan Disability Rights Coalition has strongly advocated for the development of this technology, saying that it could give people with disabilities greater opportunities in the
workforce and enable them to lead more fulfilling, independent lives.
Many recognize that autonomous vehicles will be the future of transportation, but it is too often overlooked that this future cannot arrive fast enough for millions of Americans who are forced to depend on others for day-to-day travel. The policymakers should follow the lead of places like California and Michigan, and pass rules and regulations to unlock these hidden benefits of driverless cars.
21．What’s the attitude of most American people to the future of autonomous vehicles?
A. uncertain
B. doubtful
C. indifferent
D. optimistic
22．What is the modified Ford Fusion?
A. The collection of social activities.
B. The name of a retirement community.
C. A kind of autonomous vehicle.
D. A two-mile road for self-driving cars.
23．Examples are given in the third and forth paragraphs to prove
A. what are preventing the development of the technology
B. why driverless cars are restricted in many states in America
C. how driverless technology benefits the aged and disabled
D. when driverless cars can enter people’s life eventually
24．What does the author attempt to inform us in the last paragraph?
A. The concept of autonomous vehicles has been widely recognized.
B. The weak groups are often overlooked despite technology advances.
C. The benefits of driverless cars have been fully unlocked.
D. Regulations should go hand in hand with driverless technology.
Some of the best research on daily experience is rooted in rates of positive and negative interactions, which has proved that being blindly positive or negative can cause others to be frustrated or annoyed or to simply tune out. Over the last two decades, scientists have made remarkable predictions simply by watching people interact with one another and then scoring the conversations based on the rate of positive and negative interactions. Researchers have used the findings to predict everything from the likelihood that a couple will divorce to the chances of a work
team with high customer satisfaction and productivity levels.
More recent research helps explain why these brief exchanges matter so much. When you experience negative emotions as a result of criticism or rejection, for example, your body produces higher levels of the stress hormone, which shuts down much of your thinking and activates (激活) conflict and defense mechanisms (机制). You assume that situations are worse than they actually are.
When you experience a positive interaction, it activates a very different response. Positive exchanges increase your body’s production of oxytocin, a feel-good that increases your ability to communicate with, cooperate with and trust others. But the effects of a positive occurrence are less dramatic and lasting than they are for a negative one.
We need at least three to five positive interactions to outweigh every one negative exchange. Bad moments simply outweigh good ones. Whether you’re having a conversation, keep this simple short cut in mind: At least 80 percent of your conversations should be focused on what’s going right.
Workplaces, for example, often see this. During performance reviews, managers routinely spend 80 percent of their time on weaknesses and “areas for improvement”. They spend roughly 20 percent of the t ime on strengths and positive aspects. Any time you have discussions with a person or group, spend the vast majority of the time talking about what is working, and use the remaining time to address weaknesses.
25．The underlined phrase “tune out” in Paragraph 1 probably means .
A. stop listening
B. change one’s mind
C. sing aloud
D. be crazy
26．What will happen if you experience negative emotions?
A. The situations are sure to become worse.
B. Much of your thinking will be prevented.
C. You will feel an urge to improve and become better.
D. You’ll be motivated to resolve conflicts with people.
27．From Paragraph 4, we can learn that .
A. we need a positive feeling to beat one negative feeling
B. positive interactions have greater effects than negative ones
C. our conversation should center on what needs improvement
D. the effect of negative feelings lasts longer than that of positive ones
28．What is the best title for the passage?
A. Harmful Negatives
B. More Positive Interactions
C. How to Be a Productive Manager
D. Less Time on Strengths and Positive Aspects
Exposing living tissue to subfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage. Microscopic ice crystals (结晶体) cut cells and seize moisture (潮气), making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation. Thus, organs can be made cold for only a few hours ahead of a procedure. But a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds (化合物)—similar to those found in particularly hardy (耐寒的) animals—could le ngthen organs’ shelf life.
Scientists at the University of Warwick in England were inspired by proteins in some species of Arctic fish, wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood from freezing, allowing them to flourish in extreme cold. Previous research had shown these natural antifreeze molecules (分子) could preserve rat hearts at -1.3 degrees Celsius for up to 24 hours. But these proteins are expensive to extract (提取) and highly poisonous to some species. “For a long time everyone assumed you had to make synthetic (人造的) alternatives that looked exactly like antifreeze proteins to solve this problem, ”says Matthew Gibson, a chemist at Warwick who co-authored the new research. “But we found that you can design new molecules that function like antifreeze proteins but do not necessarily look like them. ”
Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water. Scientists do not know exactly how this process prevents ice crystal formation, but Gibson thinks it might throw water molecules into push-pull chaos that prevents them from tuning into ice. To copy this mechanism, he and his colleagues synthesized spiral-shaped molecules that were mostly water-repellent—but had iron atoms at their centers that made them hydrophilic, or water-loving. The resulting compounds were surprisingly effective at stopping ice crystals from forming. Some were also harmless to the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, indicating they might be safe for other animals.
“These compounds are really cool because they are not proteins—they are other types of molecules that nonetheless can do at least part of what natural antifreeze proteins do, ”says Clara do Amaral, a biologist at Mount St. Joseph University, who was not involved in the research. Gibson’s antifreeze compounds will still need to be tes ted in humans, however, and may be only part of a solution. “We don’t have the whole picture yet, ”do Amaral adds. “It’s not just one magical compound that helps freeze-tolerant organisms survive. It’s a whole suite of adaptations.
29．What will happen if organs are kept for a long time in temperatures below zero?
A. They will have ice crystal formation inside.
B. They will not suffer permanent damage.
C. They will have longer shelf life.
D. They will be fit for transplantation.
30．What can we learn about natural antifreeze proteins?
A. They look like Gibson’s antifreeze compounds.
B. They are composed of antifreeze molecules harmless to other species.
C. They are spiral-shaped and have iron atoms at their centers.
D. They can be found in organisms living in freezing cold weather.
31．How are antifreeze molecules prevented from ice crystals?
A. By creating compounds both water-repellent and water-loving.
B. By extracting the proteins from some hardy animals.
C. By making synthetic alternatives like antifreeze proteins.
D. By copying spiral-shaped molecules mostly water-resistant.
32．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Push-pull chaos might prevent water molecules from turning into ice.
B. The final solution to preserving donor organs has been found recently.
C. Chemicals inspired by Arctic animals could lengthen organs’ shelf life.
D. Gibson’s antifreeze compounds can do what natural antifreeze proteins do.
ELECTRICITY IS AT THE CORE OF MODERN LIFE. DESPITE THIS, THE FULL STORY OF THIS REVOLUTIONARY FORCE HAS REMAINED UNTOLD—UNTIL NOW.
Simply Electrifying offers the comprehensive story of one of mankind’s most important journeys: from a time when only a few could even imagine a world with electricity to today when, for most of us, a world without electricity would be unimaginable.
Since the birth of the modern science of electricity 265 years ago, mankind has built an impressive structure to produce, deliver, and use electricity, thanks to a combination of pioneering science, innovative technology, wise
business strategy, and pervasive (到处存在的)economic and environmental regulation.
Simply Electrifying brings to life the stories of the people that made it all possible—from early pathfinders like Benjamin Franklin, Michael Faraday, James Clerk Maxwell, and Albert Einstein to innovators such as Samuel Morse, Thomas Edison, George Westinghouse, and Nikola Tesla. In modern times, business strategists and economic and environmental regulation driven by many, including President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Rachel Carson, and even President Barack Obama, have shaped how we use and understand electricity in crucial ways. Today, Elon Musk and others are on the edge of again changing the way we think about and interact with it. Simply Electrifying is painstakingly researched and beautifully written, showing us how both profit-makers and policy-makers must use a wide-angle lens to truly understand the past and predict the future.
33．According to the passage, the book Simply Electrifying is written to tell us .
A. pioneering science of electricity
B. significant journeys of electricity
C. the people who invented electricity
D. the research which was about electricity
34．Why is President Barack Obama mentioned in the book Simply Electrifying?
A. Because a policy-maker is usually a top dog that can arouse the readers’ interest.
B. Because a policy-maker can help promote the better use of electricity.
C. Because policy-makers can decide the future of the use of electricity on the market.
D. Because policy-makers can take control of the economy through electricity.
三、完形填空
When the host announced that my choir( 合唱队) won the second place of the World Choir Game, I couldn’t believe what I heard. All the __that we made earn their meaning. Through this unforgotten experience, I __ much.
In the semi-finals, we were supposed to sing four songs. When we played the third song, I suddenly heard an unexpected __—a girl in the alto( 女低音) got quick. The other students in the alto were ___by the girl and were
getting quicker and quicker. Our choir’s leader, Mrs. Li noticed it and __ used her hand to keep time, but she __.
After the song, the smile on Mrs. Li’s face __ and some of our members turned and tried to find the person who first got __. My mind was blank, but quickly I __ the only thing we could do was to __ the performance. Then with a smile, Mrs. Li became a __ again, who seemed to have tally forgot what we had done. We sang the __ song as usual.
After the competition, I was __. Just because of one person’s __, the whole choir must ___the fact that we might lose the game. I cried, but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we___ the girl who played poorly. __，I came to her, encouraged her, and practiced the whole melody with her. In the finals, we got the medal because of our __ performance.
Never blame a person when she makes a mistake, but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling____the same goal No matter what you will experience with others in the future, successes or failures, __ or tears, these will surely become your precious treasure and memory.
35．A. promises B. efforts C. requirement D. differences
36．A. considered B. forgot C. learned D. explained
37．A. name B. shout C. voice D. song
38．A. driven away B. led away C. given out D. turned down
39．A. similarly B. easily C. happily D. immediately
40．A. failed B. succeeded C. arrived D. agreed
41．A. froze B. melted C. appeared D. ignored
42．A. busy B. wrong C. warm D. slow
43．A. missed B. heard C. saw D. realized
44．A. quit B. stop C. complete D. end
45．A. conductor B. singer C. dancer D. worker
46．A. late B. only C. first D. last
47．A. excited B. disappointed C. interested D. satisfied
48．A. fault B. success C. plan D. opinion
49．A. deny B. offer C. refuse D. afford
50．A. blamed B. encouraged C. called D. asked
51．A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. However D. Besides
52．A. bad B. common C. perfect D. rude
53．A. up B. out C. toward D. in
54．A. mistake B. surprise C. sadness D. laughter
四、七选五
Many cosplay activities are being organized in China, making the subculture popular among some youths. Cosplay means costume play, in which participants wear costumes and fashion accessories (配饰) to represent a specific character. What’s the reason why youths are interested in cosplay? 55．Cosplay participants often interact with each other to dress up as characters from animes (动漫), cartoons, comic books, films, TV programs and video games. Youth s who love cosplay have their own sets of jokes, which “outsiders” rarely understand.56．Cosplayers are almost always young, most of them under 25, and as they grow older, they tend to give up the practice.57．Instead, they should treat such youngsters as normal youths, but at the same time warn them never to cross the social and moral boundaries.
The cosplay subculture is a kind of performing arts. Cosplayers usually get the costumes in these ways. First, through some companies that make and sell packaged suits for cosplay. Second, through some individuals that make costumes and accessories.58．
With capital flowing into the AGC (二次元) industry, more specific and mature business models help the industry develop further.59．Since then the domestic animation and game industry has been developing healthily with a stronger sense of using legal products. China’s ACG industry is likely to see higher growth in 2019.
A. And besides, by making them themselves.
B. It’s a way for youths to express virtual (虚拟的) love.
C. Perhaps that’s why people are prejudiced against them.
D. Based on a research, 2015 proved to be a turning point.
E. The cosplay industry is expected to witness more success.
F. Therefore, there is no need for parents to overreact to cosplay.
G. So regulators should strictly monitor such events to prevent improper behaviors.
Here’s how yo-yo dieting affects your body and your mind
Yo-yo dieting, also known as weight cycling, occurs when a person experiences periods of weight loss followed by weight gain followed by weight loss and so on and so on. The effects of this weight cycling are significant, even when the weight lost and gained is as little as 10 pounds. 60．.
It can make you gain weight
While dieting may help you lose a few pounds at first, it only works temporarily. Your body responds to the lack of calories by turning to lean muscle mass for energy. Once you have returned to your normal eating habits, the weight comes back on –61．.
62．
Yo-yo dieting may increase the risk for heart disease and sudden death in post-menopausal（绝经后期）women. Studies found that when normal-weight women experienced periods of weight cycling, they were 3.5 times more likely to have sudden death than women whose weight remained stable. In the same study, yo-yo dieting increased a woman’s risk of death by 66 percent.
It can be damaging to your skin
Dermatologist (a doctor who studies and treats skin diseases) Robin Evans weighed in on the effect that yo-yo dieting has on the skin. “The up and down weight losses and gains can hav e harmful effects on the skin especially on the face with stretching and contracting the skin,” said Evans. 63．.
It plays games with your mind
Yo-yo dieting is hard on the body, 64．. Repeatedly gaining and losing weight can leave dieters feeling more depressed about their weight and losing self-belief as a result.
If you’re a yo-yo-dieter, talk to your health care provider about lifestyle changes that can help you maintain a stable and healthy weight for years to come.
A. It only works temporarily
B. It can damage your heart
C. but in the form of fat, not muscle
D. but it’s even harder on the mind
E. but with a smaller size, you will make yourself less friendly
F. The result ends up more wrinkles and an overall effect of aging the skin
G. We turned to the experts to find out how yo-yo dieting can affect your body and your mind
五、短文改错
65．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, hopes to stop using fossil fuel (化石能源) completely by 2040. Now the city wants larger lorries what cause more pollution to use bio-fuel, which are produced from waste. Stockholm is also working with Fortum, an energy company, to take advantage a city-wide heating system, use waste heat from supermarkets and stadiums to supply heat for homes. However, the city is trying to change people behavior, step by step. On one newly built estate (庄园), people are providing with tablets that show its real-time energy usage. This is to help them good understand how they use and waste gas, water and electricity.
六、提纲类作文
66．假如你是李华，你发现共享单车，共享汽车，共享雨伞……越来越多的共享商品进入我们的生活。

共享经济给生活带来了很多便利的同时，许多问题也随之而来：缺乏监管（supervision n.）的市场，诚信不够的商家，恶意毁坏物品的用户等等。

请你给校报写封信，发表你对于共享经济的看法。

注意：1.词数100左右，信的开头己经给出，不计入总词数。

2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1-5 ACBBC 6-10 AABCC 11-15 CBABA 16-20 ABBCB 21．D
22．C
23．C
24．D
25．A
26．B
27．D
28．B
29．A
30．D
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．B
35．B
36．C
37．C
38．B
39．D
40．A
41．A
42．B
43．D
44．C
45．A
46．D
47．B
48．A
51．B
52．C
53．C
54．D
55．B
56．C
57．F
58．A
59．D
【解析】文章介绍了动漫真人秀是什么，年轻人喜欢的原因，中国这一产业的发展状况和前景。

55．B
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上句问题是年轻人对动漫真人秀感兴趣的原因是什么?B项：这是年轻人表达虚拟爱的一种形式，是对上句问题的回答。

故选B.
56．C
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上句讲喜欢cosplay的年轻人有自己的笑话集，“局外人”很少能理解。

C项：也许这就是人们对他们怀有偏见的原因，是对上句的补充说明，故选C.
57．F
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

上句讲Cosplayers几乎都是年轻人，随着年龄的增长，他们倾向于放弃练习。

下句是家长的正确做法，F项：因此父母没有必要对cosplay反应过度，承上启下，故选F. 58．A
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

A项中besides与本段中的First, Second并列，说明cosplay亚文化这种表演艺术，故选A.
59．D
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

本段主要讲中国动画和游戏产业的发展过程，下句句意：从那时起，国内动画和游戏产业就一直健康发展，使用法律产品的意识更强。

D项：基于一项研究，2015年被证明是一个转折点。

那时指的是D项中的2015年这个转折点，故选D.
60．G
61．C
64．D
65．1. 第1 句capital 前the 删除
2. 第2 句what→that/which
3.第2 句are→is
4. 第3 句
advantage 后加of
5. 第3 句use→using
6.第4 句However →Besides/Moreover/…
7. 第4句people→people’s
8. 第5 句providing→provided
9. 第5 句its→their
10. 第6 句good→better
66．Dear editors,
I’m writing to share my views on sharing economy. Nowadays, a range of products including shared bikes, cars and umbrellas can be rented if you need. The sharing economy has brought us convenience in our life. However, problems brought by the sharing economy have become increasingly worse, such as the lack of market supervision, dishonesty merchants and bad users.
Therefore, the sharing economy should be taken very seriously. Firstly, more strict policies and laws should be made. Secondly, companies should do more surveys about the market to improve the products or services. Besides, more cooperation and discussion should be carried out among the government, the merchants and the users.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua。