高中英语 M7U1Languagepoints复习资料7

角顿市安康阳光实验学校Unit 1 Book7 Language points
一、重点短语
1. 换句话说 ______________________
2. 适合 ____________________________
3. 切去 __________________________
4. 上气不接下气 ______________________
5. 总而言之 ______________________
6. 闲坐着 ___________________________
7. 和，也 ________________________ 8. 在很多方面 _________________________
9. 取笑 __________________________ 10. 不必担心 __________________________
11. 一切顺利 _____________________ 12. 遇到 ______________________________
13. bump into ______________________ 14. be suitable for
_______________________
15. in addition ______________________ 16. feel sorry for ________________________
17. in particular ___________________ 18. heave trouble (in) doing _________________
二、词汇拓展
1. adapt vt.&vi. 使适应，改编，改造 adj. ____________ 能适应的 n.
_________ 适应
2. suit vt. 适合 adj. ___________ 合适的adj. ___________ 不合适的 n. ___________ 适合
3. benefit vt. 有益于，有利于 vi. (from/by) 受益； n. 利益，好处 adj. __________________ 有益的，有用的
4. absence n. 缺席，缺乏 adj. _____________ (from) 缺席的，心在焉的
5. annoy vt. 烦扰，打搅，使烦恼 adj. _______ 烦恼的(with sb.
about/by sth.)
adj. _________________ 令人烦恼的 n. ______________ 烦恼，令人烦
恼的事
6. conduct vt. 指挥，管理，主持，传导 n. 行为，组织安排
n. ________________ (电、热的)传导 n. _________________ (乐队) 指挥，售票员
7. resign vt. 辞职 vi. (from) 辞职 n. ________________ 辞职
8. congratulate vt. 祝贺 n. ________________ 祝贺 n.
________________ 贺词，祝贺
9. access n. 进入，通路，使用权 adj. _________________ 可接近的，可进入的
10. ambition n. 雄心，野心 adj. __________________ 有抱负的, 野心勃勃的
三. 语言点学习
1. play a part in (P1) 扮演…角色; 在…中起作用 = play a role in 1) 他一直想扮演哈姆雷特这一角色.
____________________________________________________________________ ____
2) 漂亮或英俊在求职面试中有很大作用吗?
____________________________________________________________________ ____
2. beneficial (P1) adj. 有益的，有利的
be beneficial to/for 对… 有利
benefit vt. 对...有益,有益于 benefit sb./sth. n. 益处，好处
vi. 得益,受惠 benefit by/from 1. 体育锻炼对身体健康极为有益。

_______________________________________________ 2. 海边的空气对你有益。

______________________________________________________ 3. 这次坦率的谈话使我们获益匪浅。

_____________________________________________ 3. in other words (P2L1) 换句话说，也就是说 ◇ 他们要他离开公司—换句话说他被解雇了。

__________________________________________________________________________
★ 拓展：写出下列word 短语的中文意思。

(1) in a / one word (2) in words ___
(3) beyond words (4) break one’s word __
(5) eat one’s word _____ (6) get in a word ____________________
(7) have a word with sb. (8) have words with sb.
(9) keep one’s word __ (10) word for word ■运用：翻译下列句子。

(1) 他感觉不舒服，换句话话说，他病了。

He does not feel good, , he is ill. (2) 你去开会之前, 咱们能私下说句话吗?
Could we ____ before you go to the meeting?
(3) 总之, 我认为他是个傻瓜. ____________________, I think he's a fool.
4. adapt (P2L5) vi. 使适应; vt. 改编
adapt to 适应； adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯某事； adapt sth. to 使某事物适应或合适
adapt … from 根据…改写（改编）； adapt sth. for sth. 把某物改编为…
1) 孩子们发现很难适应新学校. _______________________________________________
2) 这部小说由英文原著改编。

__________________________________________________ 3) 这辆汽车已改装成了适用无铅汽油. ___________________________________________
4) 这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。

______________________________________
5. at a time (P2L6) 每一次
at one time ____________________________; at times
__________________________
from time to time _______________________; at the time
_________________________
for some time __________________________; take your time ______________________
请一次只拿一个.
_____________________________________________________________ 6. out of breath (P2L15) 上气不接下
跑完3000米后他已上气不接下气。

______________________________________________
★拓展一：breath 有关的短语
hold one's breath ______________________; lose one’s breath____________________
short of breath ________________________; in the same breath___________________
★拓展二： out of +名词结构短语
out of reach __________________________; out of place ________________________ out of work __________________________; out of sight
________________________
out of question ________________________; out of the question __________________
out of order __________________________; out of control
_______________________
out of date ___________________________; out of danger
_______________________
out of kindness _______________________; out of generosity
_____________________
7. annoy (P2L21) vt. 使…不悦; 惹恼
be annoyed with sb. 对某人生气
be annoyed about/at sth. 因某事生气
1)看到人们乱扔垃圾真让我感到恼火.
__________________________________________
2)令人恼火的是我们事先并不知道.
____________________________________________
3)如果我们到八点还没完成, 我会很懊恼的.
_____________________________________
8. all in all (P2L22) 总而言之
in a word _________________________; in general
________________________
all the time _______________________; all the same
________________________
all at once ________________________;
1) 总之, 对约翰来说这是倒霉的一年.
___________________________________________
2) 我病了, 但还是完成了工作.
_________________________________________________
9. make fun of =laugh at (P3L2) 取笑；嘲笑；和……开玩笑
◇取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。

_____________________________________________________
★拓展：完成下列空格。

(1) _____________ fun 取乐；当笑话
(2) fun (by) doing sth. 以做某事作乐
(3) fun it is to do sth.! 做某事多有趣啊！
(4) have a joke ; (5) joke about sb. / sth.
(6) play a joke on sb (7) be great fun / have fun
10. in particular (P8L4) 特别；尤其；格外
◇晚餐你想吃点什么特别的东西吗？
____________________________________________________________________ _______
★提醒: in particular = in especial; particularly; especially
★拓展: be particular about 对……过于讲究；挑剔
11. resign (P5Ex3) v.辞职；辞去(职位、工作等)
◇ 6年后他辞去了经理职务。

__________________________________________________
◆搭配
resign from sth. / resign as sth. 辞职
resign oneself to (doing) sth. 只好接受……；听任；顺从
■运用：请将下列句子译成英文。

(1) 我决定辞去主席的职务。

(2) 她只好接受自行车丢失的事情。

12. congratulate (P7L1) vt. 祝贺
★拓展：_______________________ n.祝贺(常用复数)
◆搭配：congratulate sb. ______________ sth./doing sth. 为某事祝贺某人
◆注意：congratulate 后的宾语只能是人。

★比较：celebrate (庆祝)的宾语是成功、生日等，不能是人。

如：celebrate one’s birthday 庆祝某人的生日。

■运用：用congratulate翻译下列句子
(1) 你父母为你的考试成绩而祝贺你。

____________________________________________________________________
_______
(2) 大家都在祝贺刘翔赢得了赛跑。

People______________________________________________________________ _______
动词不定时
动词不定式在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。

一、作主语
动词不定式作主语可位于句首。

例如：
To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.
也可使用it作形式主语，而将其置于句末。

例如：
It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.
动词不定式作主语的常用句型有：
1. It is＋adj./ n. (＋for sb.／sth.) ＋ to do sth.
用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising 等。

例如：
It is interesting to play this game.
It is necessary for you to change your job.
It was impossible for them to complete the task in such a short time.考例1：Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? (88 MET) A. now B. man C. that D. it 用于此句型的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。

例如：
What a pity it is for you to have missed such a wonderful film.
It is good manners for the young to give their seats to the old.
2. It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.
该句型中只能使用描述某人的品德、特征的形容词，如： kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。

例如：
How rude it was of the boy to jump the queue!
It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house. How silly it was of you to give up such a good chance！
3. It takes sb.＋some time＋to do sth.
该句型意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。

例如：
It took us half an hour to ride to the town by bike.
二、作表语
动词不定式作表语常用于以下结构：My wish/ job/ aim/ goal is…及The next step/ measure is …等。

例如：
Your job is to type the papers in the office.
The next measure is to stop the river from being polluted.
三、作宾语
常见的只能使用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, choose, decide, hope, fail, wish, refuse, expect, manage, plan, intend, pretend, promise,
offer, afford, demand, arrange等。

例如：They decided to build a highway between these two cities.
She offered to help me when I was in trouble.
believe, think, consider, feel, make等动词可用于“动词+ it +adj. / n+to do sth.”句型，其中使用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式置于句末。

例如：
I think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the long work. She felt it her duty to help the old woman.
四、作宾补
可后接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise, allow, ask, hear, order, see, tell, want, wish, watch等。

例如：
The doctor advised her no to eat too much sugar.
I wish you to go to the meeting with me.
believe, consider, count, declare, deny, feel, find, guess, imagine, judge, know, prove, realize, suppose, think等动词后可接to be型不定式作宾补。

例如：
He declared himself to be a college student. 他自称是名大学生。

The police proved him to be a thief. 警察局证实他是小偷。

hope, demand, suggest等动词不能后接动词不定式作宾补。

例如：【误】I hope my son to be back soon.
【正】I hope my son will be back soon.
【误】She suggests us to have a discussion about it.【正】She advises us to have a discussion about it.
【正】She suggests that we (should) have a discussion about it.
在主动结构中，下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to：“五看”(see, watch, notice, observe, look at)“三使”(make, let, have)“两听”(hear, li sten to)“一感觉”(feel)。

例如：
Who made him work all night long?
但是，改为被动结构后，应补出省略的to。

例如：
He was seen to break the window.
五、作定语
动词不定式作定语，应位于所修饰词语之后，即：作后置定语。

例如：Have you got anything to eat? (to eat修饰anything，位于其后)
下列名词后常接动词不定式作定语：ability, attempt, chance, courage, decision, effort, failure, promise, way, wish等。

例如：
But she gave up the chance to go abroad.
由only, first, last, next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，也常接不定式作定语。

例如：
Who was the last one to leave the classroom last night?
六、作状语
动词不定式作状语，可表示目的、原因、结果或条件。

例如：
We went there to see our grandparents.（目的）
I am very sorry to hear that.（原因）
She hurried home only to find her father dead.（结果）
To look at the picture, you would like it.（条件）
作目的状语，还可以使用in order to或so as to。

例如：
The boy worked so hard in order to make up for the lost time.
结果状语还可以使用enough to, too…to…, so…as to, such… as to等结构。

例如：
He got up too late to miss the early bus.
She was in such a hurry as not to notice me. 她如此匆忙，以致没有注意到我。

时态
1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

He seems to know this.
I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。

2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
He seems to have caught a cold.
3) 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eating something.
4) 完成进行时：
She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.。