英语专业考研英国文学复习必备Wordsworth
英国文学史wordsworth
Theory of poetry
In 1798 he wrote a brief “advertisement” in which the young poet tried to instruct his readers to revise their fixed standards of judgment on how to find on how to find pleasure in poetry.
Four points
1.the theme is to be incidents and situations chosen from common life 普通生活里的事件和情景 2.the language used is to be a selection of language really used by men 人们真正用的语言 3.regarding the treatment of the theme, ordinary things are to be presented in an unusual way 4.the poet is to trace in the chosen incidents and situations the primary laws of human nature
Theory of poetry
“The principal object, then, which I proposed to myself in these poems was to choose incidents and situations from common life and to relate or describe them, throughout, as far as was possible, in a selection of language really used by men; and, at the same time, to throw over them a certain coloring of imagination, whereby ordinary things should be presented to the mind in an unusual way; and, further, and above all, to make these incidents and situations interesting by tracing in then, truly though not ostentatiously, the primary laws of our nature: chiefly as far as regards the manner in which we associate ideas in a state of excitement.”
英国文学1 wordsworth
--- Plain and direct language; --- Lyric beauty with immense compression of meaning; --- Symbolism as a distinctive feature .
Part 1. Romanticism in England
• Essence of Romanticism ---- A more or less negative attitude toward the existing social & political conditions that came with the industrialization and importance of bourgeoisie. ---- The furtherance of sentimentalism.
• Friendship with Coleridge
-- Life-long friends in 1797;
-- Jointly published Lyrical Ballads in 1798
Lyrical Ballads (1798)
• The first important expression of romanticism was in the Lyrical Ballads (1798) of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge;
英国文学wordsworth
deep love for nature sympathy for the poor
Short Lyrics
As a great poet of nature ,he was the first to find words for the most elementary sensations of man face to face with natural phoenoma.His deep lovefor nature runs through such short lyrics as Lines Written in Early Spring, I wandered lonely as a cloud 《我好似一朵流云独自漫游》 , Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey 《丁登寺杂咏》 1798 , lyrical Intimations of Immortality 《不朽颂》1807 . hymn of thanks to nature
The Prelude 《序曲》
1.An autobiographical poem considered his masterpiece, is the spiritual record of his mind. 2.It has 14 books, analyzing the growth of his poetic genius . 3.The description of the book has been called a long journey home.It was written in 1799— 1805 but not published until 1850.
3.In the Preface to the Lyrical Ballads, he set forth his principles of poetry. The principles served as manifesto of the English Romantic Movement in poetry.
英国文学简史期末考试复习要点_刘炳善版(英语专业大三必备)
英国文学史资料British Writers and Works一、中世纪文学（约5世纪—1485）•《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）•《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight )杰弗利·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer)“英国诗歌之父”。
（Father of English Poetry）《坎特伯雷故事》（The Canterbury Tales）二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期—17世纪初）•托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More ）《乌托邦》（Utopia）•埃德蒙·斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser）《仙后》（The Faerie Queene)•弗兰西斯·培根（Francis Bacon）《论说文集》（Essays)克里斯托弗·马洛 Christopher Marlowe•《帖木儿大帝》（Tamburlaine）•《浮士德博士的悲剧》（The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Dr. Faustus）•《马耳他岛的犹太人》（The Jew of Malta）威廉·莎士比亚William Shakespeare喜剧《仲夏夜之梦》（A Midsummer Night’s Dream）、《威尼斯商人》（The Merchant of Venice）悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）、《哈姆莱特》（Hamlet）、《奥赛罗》（Othello）、《李尔王》（King Lear）、《麦克白》（Macbeth）历史剧《亨利四世》（Henry IV）传奇剧《暴风雨》（The Tempest）本·琼生 Ben Johnson•《人人高兴》（Every Man in His Humor）•《狐狸》（Volpone）•《练金术士》（The Alchemist）三、17世纪文学约翰·弥尔顿 John Milton《失乐园》（Paradise Lost）《复乐园》（Paradise Regained）诗剧《力士参孙》（Samson Agonistes）•约翰·班扬（John Bunyan）《天路历程》（The Pilgrim’s Progress）•威廉·康格里夫（William Congreve）《以爱还爱》（Love for Love）《如此世道》（The Way of the World）四、启蒙时期文学（17世纪后期—18世纪中期）18世纪初，新古典主义成为时尚。
英语专八总复习系列：英国文学知识08
英国文学知识简介(English Literature)一、古英语时期的英国文学（499-1066）1）《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）是英国盎格鲁•撒克逊时期的一首英雄史诗，古英语文学的最高成就，同时标志着英国文学的开始。
2）Alfred the Great阿尔弗雷德大帝：英国散文之父二、中古英语时期的英国文学1）allegory体非常盛行2）Romance开始上升到一定的高度3）高文爵士和绿衣骑士4）Willian Langlaud 威廉·郎兰Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》5）乔叟坎特伯雷故事集（英雄双韵体）Heroic Couplet6）Thomas Malory托马斯.马洛礼Le Morte D’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》1、Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利•乔叟1340-1400长诗：The House of Fame声誉之堂;Troilus and Criseyde特罗勒斯与克丽西德小说：Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集----英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作（他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人）三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学（伊丽莎白时代）（14-16世纪）1、Thomas More托马斯.莫尔1478~15352、Thomas Wyatt 和Henry Howard引入sonnet3、Philips Sidney 《The defense of Poesie》《阿卡迪亚》描述田园生活；现代长篇小说的先驱4、斯宾塞The Faerie Queene《仙后》诗人中的诗人；斯宾塞体诗节；5、莎士比亚：长篇叙事诗：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》、《露克丝受辱记》四大悲剧：哈姆雷特、李尔王、奥赛罗、麦克白四大戏剧：仲夏夜之梦、威尼斯商人、皆大欢喜、第十二夜6、本.琼森风俗喜剧（comedy of manners）《人性互异》7、John Donne 约翰.多恩“玄学派”诗歌创始人8、George Herbert 玄学派诗圣9、弗朗西斯.培根现代科学和唯物主义哲学创始人之一《Essays》英国发展史上的里程碑《学术的推进》和《新工具》英国文学知识832、Edmund Spenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599The Shepherds Calen dar牧人日历Amoretti爱情小唱Epithalamion婚后曲Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林•克劳特回来了Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌The Faerie Queene仙后3、Christopher Marlowe柯里斯托弗•马洛1564~1595Tamburlaine帖木耳大帝The Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧4、William Shakespeare莎士比亚1564-1616The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of V eronaz维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of V enice威尼斯商人;As Y ou Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry theFifth/Richard the Third约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世（上、下）;The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世（上、中、下）;The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世；Troilus and Cressida脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯•安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Julet罗密欧与朱丽叶；Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯•凯撒；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;V enus and Adonis维诺斯•阿都尼斯;Lucrece露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗英国文学知识845、Francis Bacon培根1561-1626Advancement of Learning学术的进展;Novum Organum新工具;New Atlantic新大西岛;Essays随笔（Of Studies论学习;Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self）四、启蒙时期（18世纪）1、约翰·弥尔顿：《失乐园》、《为英国人民争辩》2、约翰·班扬：《天路历程》religious allegory3、约翰·德莱顿：英国新古典主义的杰出代表、桂冠诗人；《论戏剧诗》4、亚历山大.蒲柏：英国新古典主义诗歌的重要代表；英雄双韵体的使用达到登峰造极的使用；《田园组诗》是其最早田园诗歌代表作5、托马斯·格雷：感伤主义中墓园诗派的代表人物《墓园挽歌》6、威廉·布莱克：天真之歌、经验之歌；7、罗伯特·彭斯：苏格兰最杰出的农民诗人；8、Richard Steel和Joseph Addison合作创办《The tatler》和《the spectator》9、Samuel defoe 英国现实主义小说的奠基人之一；《鲁滨逊漂流记》；《铲除非国教徒的捷径》，仪表达自己的不满；10、Jonathan Swift 《一个小小的建议》；《格列佛游记》；《桶的故事》；11、Samuel Richardson 英国现代小说的创始人；帕米拉；克拉丽莎；查尔斯.格蓝迪森爵士的历史；12、Henry Fielding 英国现实主义小说理论的奠基人；《约瑟夫。
英国文学人物作品（英语专业必备）
英国⽂学⼈物作品（英语专业必备）英国⽂学史复习⼤纲(English Literature)以下复习⼤纲仅罗列重要条⽬，请参照课本、课件、笔记复习备考。
⼀、中古时期英语⽂学（Old and Medieval English Literature）包括古英语时期或盎格鲁--萨克森时期(449-1066)（The Old English Period or The Anglo-Saxon Period ）和中世纪（1066-ca.1485/ 1500）(The Medieval Period /The Middle English Period)1. 主要的作家、作家概况及其代表作品2. ⽂学术语：epic, alliteration, heroic couplet , romance, ballad (Textbook I, p51) , iambic pentameter1)英国中古时期主要的⽂学作品：《贝奥武甫》Beowulf《⾼⽂爵⼠与绿⾊骑⼠》Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2) 杰弗⾥·乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer (The Founder of English Poetry)《坎特伯雷故事集》The Canterbury Tales⼆、英国⽂艺复兴时期⽂学（The Renaissance Period）(1500-1660)1．主要作家的创作思想、艺术特⾊、代表作品及其语⾔风格2．⽂学术语：Renaissance，humanism, sonnet, Shakespearean sonnet, blank verse, comedy, tragedy, history, tragicomedy, Spenserian stanza, comedy of humours, metaphysical poetry, conceit, elegy1) 英国⽂艺复兴时期主要作家：埃德蒙·斯宾塞 Edmund Spenser （后⼈称之为“诗⼈的诗⼈”。
英国文学复习提纲加诗歌赏析方法
I.P ART ONE. EARL Y&MEDIEV AL1.Beowulf: the national epic史诗of the Anglo-SaxonsBeowulf aga in st: mon ster Gren del, she-m on ster and a fire drago nArtistic features: Using alliteration (头韵)Using metaphor (比喻)and understatement (陈述)2.The Class Nature of the Romance They were comp osed for the n oble, of the no ble, and in most cases by the p oets patroni zed by the no ble.3.Geoffery Chaucer: The father of En glish p oetry/ the foun der of En glish p oetry The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集：英国文史上现实主义第一部杰作first time to use ‘ heroic co双韵体)by middle EnglishII.The Renaissance P eriod1.The Renaissance & Humanism: R: 2 features: a curiosity for classical literature (Greek & Lati n) —dissatisfacti on at Catholic & feudal ideas/ activities of huma nity—new feeli ng of admirati on for huma n beauty & achieveme ntH: the key-note of R, new outlook of the risi ng bourgeois class2.Francis Bacon弗兰西斯？培根：Essays随笔(famous quotas: Of studies)3.Drama: the miracle P 奇迹剧(Bible story); the morality P 道德剧(abstract characters/co nflict of good&evil with allegorical person ages); the in terlude 幕间喜居U (short/i nterest in g); the classical drama(+Greek &Lati n/rules&structure&style/5 acts);4.Shakes peare:Four Comedies: As You Like It 皆大欢喜；Twelfth Night; A Midsummer Night ' s Dream; Mercha nt Of Ven ice 威尼斯商人Four Tragedies: Hamlet; Othello 奥赛罗；Ki ng Lear 李尔王；Macbeth 麦克白154 Sonn et: Three quatra in and one coup let, ababcdcdefefggA sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic 抑扬格pentameter 五步格诗restricted to a definition rhyme scheme.III.REVOLUTION1.John Milton约翰?弥尔顿①Epic: Paradise Lost 失乐园：it is a long epic in 12 books, written in blank verse. The stories were take n from the Old Testame nt: the creati on; the rebellio n in Heave n of Sata n & his fellow-a ngels; their defeat & expu Isi on from Heave n; the creati on ofthe earth & of Adam & Eve; the falle n an gels in hell pl ott ing aga inst God; Sata n ' s temptatio n of Eve; & the dep arture of Adam & Eve from Ede n.②P aradise Rega ined 复乐园2.John Bunyan 约翰?班扬The Pilgrim ' Progress 天路历程：religious allegory 宗教寓言;the spiritual pilgrimage of Christian , who flies from the City of Destruction, meets the perils and temptation of the Slough of Despond, Vanity Fair, and Doubting Castle, faces and overcomes the dem on App oily on, and fin allycomes to the Delectable Mountains and the Celestial City.3.John Donne: (the founder) the Meta physical po et(玄学派诗人).(用语)the dictio n is sim pie, the imagery is from the actual, the form is freque ntly an argume nt with the poet ' s belovedgwdthor with himself.(主题：love, religious, thought)Artistic features: conceits or imagery奇思妙喻syllogism 三段论The Flea 虱子IV The 18th Century : Enlightenment1.The Enlightenment: clear away the feudal ideas with bourgeois ideology 资阶思Classicism:重理性rati on ality /follow princip les in drama, p oetry & p rose/ tidy up cap italist social order2.Jonathan Swift乔纳森？斯威夫特：Gulliver ' s Tra格列佛游记(fictional work)Four p arts: Lilli put 小人国、Brobd ingnag 大人国Flying Island 飞岛、Houyhnhnm 智马岛A Tale of a Tub木桶的故事3.Daniel Defoe丹尼尔？笛福The father of novel.Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记It p raises the fortitude of the huma n labor and the Pu rita n.Robinson grew from a n aive and artless youth in to a shrewd and harde ned man, temp ered by numerous trials in his eve ntful life.It is an adve nture story, Robinson, n arrates how he goes to sea, gets shi pwrecked and marooned ona Ion ely isla nd, struggles to live for 24-years there and fin ally gets relieved and retu rns to En gla nd.4.Henry Fielding 亨利？菲尔丁“ Fatheiof En glish realistic no vel ” He was the first to write a “ Comice pic in prose ”散文体史诗),and the first to give the modern novel its structure and style. <The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling弃婴汤姆？琼斯<The History of the Adventures of Jose ph Andrews约瑟夫？安德鲁5.Sentimentalism & Pre-Romanticism in Poetry anti-rationalism/anti-classicism6.William Blake 威廉？布莱克(Pre-R)Songs of Innocenc天真之歌 A happy and innocent world from childrens eye. < the chi mney swee per> 扫烟囱的孩子Songs of Exp erie nee经验之歌7.Robert Burns 罗伯特？彭斯(Pre-R) The greatest Scottish poet in the late 1t8c P oems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect主要用苏格兰方言写的诗A Red, Red Rose^朵红红的玫瑰Auld Lang Syne友谊地久天长My Heart' s in the Highland我的心在那高原上，The Tree of LibertyV The Romantic P eriod1.William Wordsworth 威廉?华兹华斯Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集2.George Gordon Byron 乔治?戈登?拜伦Don Juan 唐?璜She Walks In Beauty3. 4. Persy Bysshe Shelle波西？比希？雪莱A Defence of Poetry诗辩Ode to the West Wind 西风颂Theme: The author exp resses his eager ness to enjoy the boun diess freedom from the reality. Compare the west wind to destroyer of the old who drives the last sig ns of life from the trees, and preserver of the new who scatter the seeds which still come to life in the spring. This is a poem about renewal, about the wind blowing life back into dead thin gs, i mplying not just an arc of life （which would end at death） but a cycle, which only starts aga in whe n someth ing dies.Comme nt: it is writte n in iambic pen tameter. It contains five sonnet len gth sta nzas诗节,each with a clos ing coup let. The rhy ming scheme form is aba bcb cdc ded ee. The tone is poignant. Many will agree that this p oem is an inv ocati on for an un see n force to take con trol and revive life. Artistic features: Using rerza rima（三行诗aba bcb cdc dd efe …）4.John Keats约翰:济慈Four great odes: Ode on a Grecia n Ur 希腊古瓮颂Ode to a Night in gale 夜莺颂Ode to P syche心、灵颂Ode On Mela nchol y 忧郁颂Ode to Autu mn 秋颂Theme: The theme is that cha nge is both n atural and beautiful. The p oem p raises the glories of the fall seas on by using almost every type of imagery to both charm and app eal to the reader. Comme nt: The sp eaker in the p oem ack no wledges that time p asses by, but also asserts that this cha nge usually yields someth ing new and better tha n what came before. Each of the p oem's three sta nzas rep rese nts the evo Iving of two differe nt types of cha nge. One type of cha nge show n in the p oem is the cha nge of p eriods in a day.VI CRITICAL REALISM1.Charles Dickens查尔斯？狄更斯（批判现实主义小说家）critical realist writer Oliver Twist 雾都孤儿Qavid Copperfield大卫？科波菲尔;Hard Times艰难时世Great Exp ectati ons 远大前程2.William Make peace Thackeray 威廉?麦克匹斯？萨克雷Vanity Fair 名利场3.Jane Austen简?奥斯丁Sense and Se nsibility理智与感情；Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见；Emma 爱玛4.Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂？勃朗特Jane Eyre简?爱Emily Bronte艾米莉？勃朗特Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄5.George Eliot乔治?艾略特（批判现实）The Mill on the Floss弗洛斯河上的磨坊Middlemarch米德尔马契TO Mid and Late 佃也Century1.Robert Browning罗伯特？白朗宁My Last Duchess我已故的公爵夫人Elizabeth Barrett Browning: Sonnet from the P ortuguese葡萄牙十四行诗2.Christina. G Rossetti: Seek and Find; So ng3.Literary Trends at the end of the century: naturalism: environmental force & internalimpulse/pessimism & determinism; aestheticism: art should serve no religious, moral or social end, nor any end except itse l f Oscar Wilde 王尔德SalomoVffl 20th Century1.Henry James(stream of consciousness) portrait of a woma n 贵妇画像2.Thomas Hardy托马斯？合代Tess Of The D ' Urbervi德s白家的苔丝；Jude The Obscure无名的裘德3.George Bernard Shaw乔治？伯纳？萧critical realistic dramatistMrs. Warren ' sfPsoion华伦夫人的职业；Widowers ' Hou鳏夫的房产Man And Sup erma n 人与超人；The App le Cart 苹果车；Sai nt Joa n 圣女贞德4.Imagism: free verse/c onven tio nal/ com mon sp eech/ new rhythms/ clear images5.I.William Butler Yeats威廉？勃特勒？叶茨,Ireland when you are oldcelebrated & acco mp lished symbolist p oet/ use an elaborate system of symbols6.Thomas Sterns Eliot:The Waste Land; Four Quartets7.David Herbert Lawrence戴维？赫伯特？劳伦斯So ns And Lovers儿子与情人；The Rai nbow虹；Women In Love恋爱中的女人8.James Joyce!姆斯？乔伊斯stream-of-consciousness Ulysses尤禾U西斯9.Virginia Woolf 弗吉尼娅？沃尔芙stream-of-consciousnessMrs. Dalloway 达洛维夫人；To The Lighthouse到灯塔去；The Waves浪; the mark on the wall墙上的斑点IX Second War1. E. M. FosterA Passage To India印度之行Hawards End霍华兹别墅 a room with a view 看得见风景的房间2.George Orwell: 19843.William Golding: Lord of the Flies 蝇王4.Doris Lessing多丽丝？莱辛The Golden Notebook金色笔记5.Samuel Beckett wait ing for godat6.Harold Pinter: the room诗歌评论抑扬格(iamb, iambic )扬抑格(trochee, trochaic )抑抑扬格 (Anapaest, anapaesti ) 扬抑抑格(dactyl, dactylic ).Meter 步律英文诗行的长度范围一般是 一音步诗：r 音步诗：trimeter /three feet 四音步诗：tetrameter/four feet 五音步诗：pentameter 六音步诗：hexameter 七音步诗：heptameter 八音步诗：octameter.Metrical patterns (格律的形式)Iambic pentameter 抑扬格五音步 (John Milton, Paradise Lost)Dactylic hexameter 扬抑抑格六音步(Homer, Iliad)Iambic tetrameter 抑扬格四音步 Trochaic octameter 扬抑格八音步Anapestic tetrameter 抑抑扬格四音步 (Lewis Carroll, Don Juan) Alexandrine ( also known as iambic hexameter 抑扬格六音步) 压韵(Rhyming schemes 韵式)1.全韵与半韵(full rhyme and half rhyme )。
（完整word版）英国文学选读复习资料
（完整word版）英国文学选读复习资料Part I The Middle AgeChapter 1 the Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1. Beowulf（贝奥武甫）: England’s national epic.（第一部民族史诗）2. artistic feature: ① using alliteration② using metaphor and understatementChapter 3 Geoffrey Chaucer (ca1343-1400)1.Geoffrey Chaucer is the father of English poetry and one of the most greatest narrative（叙事）poets of England.2.首创双韵体. tonico-syllabic verse. 运用London dialect.3. writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity.4.代表作：The Canterbury Tales-----In this book, Chaucer created a strikingly brilliant and picturesque panorama of his time and his country. In this poem Chaucer’s realism, trenchant irony and freedom of views reached such a high level of power that it had no equal in all the English literature up to the 16th century. But Chaucer was not entirely devoid of medieval prejudices. [乔叟为他那个时代和国家勾勒出一幅生机勃勃而又充满诗情画意的社会百态图。
(完整版)英国文学简史期末测验考试复习要点刘炳善版(英语专业大必备)
英国文学史资料British Writers and Works一、中世纪文学（约5世纪—1485）•《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）•《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight )杰弗利·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer)“英国诗歌之父”。
（Father of English Poetry）《坎特伯雷故事》（The Canterbury Tales）二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期—17世纪初）•托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More ）《乌托邦》（Utopia）•埃德蒙·斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser）《仙后》（The Faerie Queene)•弗兰西斯·培根（Francis Bacon）《论说文集》（Essays)克里斯托弗·马洛Christopher Marlowe•《帖木儿大帝》（Tamburlaine）•《浮士德博士的悲剧》（The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Dr. Faustus）•《马耳他岛的犹太人》（The Jew of Malta）威廉·莎士比亚William Shakespeare喜剧《仲夏夜之梦》（A Midsummer Night’s Dream）、《威尼斯商人》（The Merchant of Venice）悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）、《哈姆莱特》（Hamlet）、《奥赛罗》（Othello）、《李尔王》（King Lear）、《麦克白》（Macbeth）历史剧《亨利四世》（Henry IV）传奇剧《暴风雨》（The Tempest）本·琼生Ben Johnson•《人人高兴》（Every Man in His Humor）•《狐狸》（V olpone）•《练金术士》（The Alchemist）三、17世纪文学约翰·弥尔顿John Milton《失乐园》（Paradise Lost）《复乐园》（Paradise Regained）诗剧《力士参孙》（Samson Agonistes）•约翰·班扬（John Bunyan）《天路历程》（The Pilgrim’s Progress）•威廉·康格里夫（William Congreve）《以爱还爱》（Love for Love）《如此世道》（The Way of the World）四、启蒙时期文学（17世纪后期—18世纪中期）18世纪初，新古典主义成为时尚。
(完整word版)英国文学史复习资料大纲英语专业必考
一．作家作品连线1.Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟——The Canterbury Tales(坎特伯雷故事），The Book of The Duchess（公爵夫人之书）、The Parliament of Fowls（百鸟会议)The House of Fame（声誉之堂）、Troilus and Criseyde（特罗勒斯与克丽西德）2.William Shakespeare莎士比亚——Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, SonnetThe Merchant of Venice，Henry IV，Twelfth Night，King Lear，Macbeth 3.Francis Bacon培根——（Essays）Of Marriage and Single Life(轮婚姻和单身), Of Studies4.John Donne邓恩（Metaphysical poems玄学派诗人）-— Song and Sonnets （歌与十四行诗）, Holy Sonnets（圣十四行诗）5.John Milton 弥尔顿—— Paradise Lost(失乐园）、Paradise Regained（复乐园）Samson Agonistes（力士参孙）6.Daniel Defoe笛福——The Life and strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe（鲁滨孙漂流记)、Captain Singleton（辛格顿船长)、Moll Flanders（摩尔·弗兰德斯）A Journal of the Plague Year（大疫年日记）、Roxana （罗克萨娜）7.Jonathan Swift斯威夫特——Gulliver’s Travel s（格列佛游记）A Tale of a Tub (一只桶的故事)，A Modest Proposal（一个温和的建议）8.William Blake布莱克——Song of Innocence（天真之歌)，Song of experience（经验之歌）, Poetical Sketches(诗的素描), The Book of Thel（塞尔书)9.Robert Burns彭斯——Auld Lang Syne, A Red Red Rose，10.William Wordsworth华兹华斯——I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud11.Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治——Kubla Khan（忽必烈汗），BiographiaLiteria （文学传记）、Lyrical Ballads (抒情歌谣集)12.Jane Austen简·奥斯丁—- Pride and Prejudice二、术语解释1、Epic（史诗）： A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. It started in the 5th century, Beowulf was an important epic。
英国文学史选读复习资料
英国文学史选读复习资料英国文学简史复习资料General introduction of English literature1. 1) Old English Literature (449-1066) 古英语时期文学——The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》2) Medieval English Literature (1066-15th century) 中世纪英语时期文学——Geoffrey Chaucer (1340_1400) 杰弗里·乔叟2. Renaissance English literature (late 15th century ~ early 17th century) 文艺复兴——Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根——William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚——Ben Jonson 本·琼生——Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托弗·马洛3. English Literature of the Revolution and Restoration Period (1640-1688) 资产阶级革命与王朝复辟时期的文学——John Milton约翰·弥尔顿——John Bunyan 约翰·班扬4. 18th century English literature-the age of Enlightenment 启蒙运动时期——Daniel Defoe丹尼尔·笛福——Jonathan Swift乔纳森·斯威夫特——Henry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁——William Blake威廉·布莱克——Robert Burns罗伯特·彭斯5. Romantic English Literature (1798-1832) 浪漫主义时期——William Wordsworth, 威廉·华兹华斯——Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 塞缪·泰勒·柯勒律治——George Gordon Byron, 乔治·戈登·拜伦——Percy Bysshe Shelley 佩西·比舍·雪莱——John Keats, 约翰·济慈——Walter Scott 沃尔特·司各特——Jane Austen简·奥斯汀6. Critical Realistic Literature in the 19th Century 维多利亚时期（批判现实主义）——W.M. Thackeray, 萨克雷——C harles Dickens, 查尔斯·狄更斯——Robert Browning 罗伯特·布朗宁——Bronte sisters：Charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte, Ann Bronte——George Eliot乔治·艾略特——Matthew Arnold 马修·阿诺德——Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代——Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡·王尔德7. 20th Century English Literature——George Bernard Shaw乔治·萧伯纳——Joseph Conrad 约瑟夫·康拉德——William Butler Yeats 威廉·巴特勒·叶芝——Virginia Woolf弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫——James Joyce詹姆斯·乔伊斯——D. H. Lawrence劳伦斯——T. S. Eliot 爱略特一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) ，Christian(基督徒)2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻metaphor 手法3、Alliteration 头韵（写作手法）例子：of m an was the m ildest and m ost beloved,To his k in the k indest, k eenest for praise.二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) 盎格鲁—诺曼时期1、romance 传奇文学2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里·乔叟时期1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格)3、代表作：The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷的故事集》(英国文学史的开端)大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。
英国文学史英国浪漫主义作家威廉_华兹华斯_William_Wordsworth
My Heart leaps up when I behold
• • • • • • • • • My Heart leaps up when I behold A rainbow in the sky: So was it when my life began; So is it now I am a man; So be it when I shall grow old, Or let me die! The child is father of the Man; And I could wish my days to be Bound each to each by natural piety.
Points of View
1. Poetry Is Spontaneous “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” 2. A whisper of nature: “the nurse,/the guide, the guardian of my heart, and soul/ of all my moral being” Nature to him is a source of mental cleanliness and spiritual understanding; a healing power; a teacher; the stepping stone between Man and God; 3. “emotion recollected in tranquility” A poet’s emotion extends from human affairs to nature, but emotion immediately expressed is as raw as wine newly bottled.
英国文学 名词解释 【英语专业英国文学复习资料之一】
1.epic 史诗a long narrative poem, grand in style, about heroes and heroic deeds, embodyingheroic ideals of a nation or race in the making. Beowulf is the English national epic that was passed from mouth to mouth and written down by many unknown hands.2.caesura 停顿a break or pause in a line of poetry, dictated by the natural rhythm of the languageand sometimes enforced by punctuation. In Old English verse, such as Beowulf, the caesura was used rather monotonously to indicate the half line.3.alliteration 头韵the repetition of the same sound or sounds at the beginning of two or more words that are close to each other. It is a feature of Beowulf and other Old English poems.4.alliterative verse 头韵诗poetry written in alliteration. Nearly all Old English verse, including Beowulf, is heavily alliterative, and the pattern is fairly standard –with either two or three stressed syllables in each line alliterating.5.kenning 隐喻语a metaphor usually composed of two words and used for description andassociation. Beowulf is full o f kennings, such as “helmet bearer” for “warrior” and “swan road” for “sea”.6.protagonist 主角the principal character of a drama or fiction. Hamlet is the protagonist of William Shakespeare’s drama Hamlet.7.antagonist 反角In drama or fiction the antagonist opposes the hero or protagonist. In Hamlet Claudius is antagonist to Hamlet.8.romance 传奇a type of literature that was popular in the Middle Ages, usually containingadventures and reflecting the spirit of chivalry. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight was a great verse romance, but its author remains unknown.9.bob and wheel诗节末尾的短行与叠唱a rhyming section of five lines that concludes a stanza in Sir Gawain and theGreen Knight. The “bob” is a very short line, sometimes of only two syllables, followed by the “wheel”, lon ger lines with three stresses and internal thyme.10.poet’s corner 诗人角a part of Westminster Abbey, London, which contains the tombs or monuments ofsome famous English poets, such as Geoffrey Chaucer and John Milton.11.heroic couplet 英雄双韵体two successive lines of rhymed poetry in iambic pentameter. Geoffrey Chaucer’s masterpiece The Canterbury Tale was written in heroic couplet.12.ballad meter 民谣体traditionally a four-line stanza containing alternating four-stress and three-stress lines, usually with a refrain an d the rhyme scheme of abcb. Robert Burns’ “A Red,Red Rose” is a great love ballad.13.refrain 叠句，副歌a phrase, line or lines repeated at intervals during a poem and especially at the endof a stanza. It is very often found in English ballads, such as Robert B urns’ “A Red, Red Rose”.14.English Renaissance 英国文艺复兴the literary flowering of England in the late 16th century and early 17th century, with humanism as its keynote. William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is considered the summit of this renaissance.15.Elizabethan literature 伊丽莎白时代的文学literature written in the Elizabethan Age (1558-1603). William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet was a masterpiece of this period.16.sonnet 十四行诗a fixed form consisting of fourteen lines of 5-foot iambic verse. It first flourishedin Italy in the 14th century. William Shakespeare was a great English sonnet writer famous for his 154 sonnets.17.iambic pentameter 五步抑扬格the basic line in English verse, with five feet in a line, usually an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable. It was probably introduced by Geoffrey Chaucer and certainly established by him in The Canterbury Tales.18.meter 格律the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in verse. In English verse a line may have a fixed number of syllables and yet have a varying number of stresses;the commonest meter is iambic. William Shakespeare’s sonnets are written in iambic.19.foot 音步a group of syllables forming a metrical unit. We measure feet in terms of syllablevariation: long and short syllables, stressed and unstressed. The commonest foot in English verse is iamb; the commonest line is five-foot line, called pentameter.William Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18” contains fourteen iambic pentameter lines. 20.rhyme scheme 押韵格式the pattern of end-thymes in a stanza or poem, generally described by using letters of the alphabet to denote the recurrence of rhyming lines. For example, heroic couplets are “aabbcc” and so on.21.quatrain 四行诗节a stanza of four lines, rhymed or unrhymed. It is the commonest of all stanzaicforms in English poetry. Robert Burns’ “A Red, Red Rose” has four quatrains.22.image 意象a concrete representation of an object or sensory experience. Typically, such arepresentation helps evoke the feelings associated with the object or experience itself. Many images are conveyed by figurative language. An image may be visual, olfactory, tactile, auditory, gustatory, abstract and kinaesthetic. The rose in Robert Burns’ poem “A Red, Red Rose” is a beautiful image.23.poetic license 诗的破格the liberty allowed to the poet to wrest the language according to his needs in the use of figurative speech, archaism, rhyme, strange syntax, etc. An example is the last sentence of “A Red, Red Rose” by Robert Burns –“Tho’ it were ten thousand mile!”24.verse drama 诗剧drama written in the form of verse. It was most widely used in the Elizabethan Age. William Shakespeare’s dramas are all verse dramas, Hamlet being the most famous.25.blank verse 无韵诗，素体诗unrhymed iambic pentameter, the most widely used of English verse forms and usually used in English dramatic and ep ic poetry. William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet is written in blank verse.26.Globe Theatre 环球剧场One of the most famous of all theatres, it was built in 1599, with three stories. The roof was thatched, with the centre open to the sky. Many of William Shakespeare’s plays were performed in it. It was destroyed by fire in 1613, rebuilt the next year and finally demolished in 1644. Again it was rebuilt in 1997.27.essay 散文a composition, usually in prose, which may be of only a few hundred words or ofbook length and which discusses, formally or informally, a topic or a variety of topics. It is one of the most flexible and adaptable of all literary forms. Francis Bacon is a great essayist; his “Of Studies” is a model of good essay.28.English Romanticism 英国浪漫主义a literary m ovement that aimed at free expression of the writer’s ideas and feelingsand flourished in the early 19th century England. A great representative of this movement is Percy Bysshe Shelley, the author of “Ode to the West Wind”.ke poets 湖畔诗人the three romantic poets who lived in the Lake District of England and wrote poems about nature. William Wordsworth was the most famous of the lake poets;he wrote many great nature poems, including “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”.30.poet laureate 桂冠诗人A poet honored for his artistic achievement or selected as most representative ofhis country or era; in England, a court official appointed by the sovereign, whose original duties included the composition of odes in honor of the sovereign’s birthday and in celebration of state occasions of importance. William Wordsworth became poet laureate in 1843.。
考研英语词汇复习（38）：wor...
考研英语词汇复习（38）：wor...考研英语词汇复习（38）worth、worthy、worthwhiledeserve、 deserving佳中worthworthyworthwhileworth 指“某事值得做”，多用作表语，名词或动词的主动形式表示被动意义。
1) We thought that the book was worth publication.（我们认为这本书是值得出版的。
）2) The problem is worth discussing again.（这个问题值得再讨论一次。
）3) As your instructor advised, you ought to spend your time on something worth researching into.（正如你的导师教诲的那样，你应该把时间花在那些值得去研究的项目上。
）worthy 也可指“某事值得做”，多用作表语，后跟of加名词或动名词的被动式。
1) The problem is worthy of further discussion.(这个问题值得进一步讨论。
)2) The problem is worthy of being discussed.（这个问题值得讨论。
）worthwhile 表示“值得去做的”，可用作定语。
作表语是表示“做某事是值得的”，即当动词不定式或动名词作主语时，需用worthwhile 作表语，不能用worth。
1) There are no worthwhile reserves of potential farmland remaining, and good fertile land is constantly being diverted to industrial use.（没有剩下多少值得开垦的潜在农田，肥沃的土地不断被转变成工业用地。
）2) It is worthwhile to discuss (或discussing) the problem again.（这个问题值得再讨论一次。
英国文学--wordsworth
hand the poet feels alone
wandering and he can freely enjoy
the natural beauty given. He
compared himself to a cloud,
floating free, imaginative poem
suggests that there is a Nhomakorabeaittle
忽地，我看见了一群， A host, of golden daffodils; 一簇簇金黄色的水仙； Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 看——在树之荫，湖之缘， Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. 在微风中，她们舞姿翩翩。
实用文档
The waves beside them danced; but they 波光里的涟漪也舞弄清影，却
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: 怎比得水仙的欢快；
A poet could not but be gay, 伴有这等喜悦，
In such a jocund company: 诗人如何不快！
I gazed--and gazed--but little thought 我——久久凝视——但毫无答复， What wealth the show to me had brought:
可知这景致给予我多少财富：
实用文档
For oft, when on my couch I lie 每当我久卧不眠，
distraction, and yearning for
freedom of the poet’s mind.
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II.Literary Ideas
Romanticists believed that poetry could purify both individual souls and the society Wordsworth’s theory of poetry: 1.the preface to the Lyrical Ballads acts as a
III.Works
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Lyrical Ballads (1798, with Coleridge) An Evening walk(1793) Descriptive Sketches(1793) The Prelude(F 1805,P 1815) The Lucy Poems(1799) “To a Butterfly” “TO a Skylark” “To the Cuckoo” “The Green Linnet” “Nutting” “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”
and poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of
powerful feelings,” which originates in emotion recollected in tranquility.
Wordsworth, Coleridge and Robert Southey became known as “Lake Poets”. In 1843, he became Poet Laureate.
manifesto for the new school.
2. Simple themes drawn from humble life in the language of ordinary people 3.he defines the poet as a “man speaking to men,”
Analysis of famous works
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Writing Style
Simplicity Refusal to decorate the truth of experience—pure and profound poetry Events of everyday life and speech of ordinary people---the raw material of poetry Advocate a return to nature Comprehensive humanlity
The Prelude
(masterpiece)
His philosophy of life is presented, carrying the metaphorical meaning if his interior journey and questing for his lost early self and the proper spiritual home. “Revolution and Independence” (autobiographical narration) “Ode: Intimations of Immortality” “The Excursion”(1814)
Romanticism
William Wordsworth
(1770-1850)
I.Background
A founder of the traditional romanticism 2. St. John’s College, Cambridge 3. A love of nature as a young 4. Young, for, heart was stirred, imagination fired 5. Later, Jacobin terror and the failure of French Revolution made him disillusioned---conservative in politics