2020版高考英语新精准大一轮浙江专用版语法专项突破：专题一 4 二、非谓语动词 核心考点针对练 含解析

单句语法填空
1．She failed this English examination again. This is because she sometimes has trouble (pay) attention to her study.
paying解析：句意：她这次英语考试又一次没及格。

这是因为她有时很难将注意力集中在她的学习上。

have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定结构，意为：做某事有困难。

2．To his surprise, Jack found his son (dress) as Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.
dressed解析：句意：使杰克惊讶的是，他发现儿子在圣诞节前夜被装扮成了圣诞老人。

此处为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，用过去分词作宾语补足语。

dress意为“给(某人)穿衣”，常用于dress sb.或sb.be/get dressed结构。

3．(compare)with the traditional trade mode, they don’t have to spend money in renting a house.However, there are still some disadvantages to online shopping.
Compared解析：句意：与传统的商业模式相比，他们不需要花很多钱去租房子。

但是，网购仍然有一些劣势。

compared with为独立成分，在句中作状语。

4．Another student, a 15­year­old girl from Guangdong, was afraid of exams. She would get very upset with the exam paper (lie) in front of her.
lying解析：考查with＋宾语＋宾补。

此处宾语与宾补之间是主动关系，应该用v.­ing形式。

5．Failing (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course.
to turn解析：句意：不按时交作业会直接影响你某门课程的成绩。

fail to do 不能做……；未能做……。

6．Long (consider) a masterpiece of Chinese literature, the novel is generally acknowledged to be the peak of Chinese fiction.
considered解析：考查非谓语动词。

逗号后为句子的主体，逗号前应用非谓语动词作状语，consider与the novel为被动关系，故用过去分词短语作状语。

7．Once (build), Xiong’an New Area will reduce the burden of Beijing heavily.
built解析：句意：一旦建成，雄安新区将大大缓解北京的压力。

build与主句主语Xiong’an New Area构成动宾关系，故此处用过去分词。

此处也可以看作状语从句的省略，完整的从句为Once it is built。

8．It is very difficult for parents to decide whether (have) a second child or not.
to have解析：考查非谓语动词。

decide后用“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语，故填to have。

9．The visitors to Britain may find the most marvellous place (enjoy) the local culture is in a traditional pub.
to enjoy解析：名词前有形容词最高级修饰时，非谓语动词充当后置定语常用不定式形式。

10．The Yangtze River，(know) in China as the Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.
known解析：主语the Yangtze River和know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。

高考题型综合练
语法填空
(一)
When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike in the west, 1. everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes 2. (place) on the table and everybody shares. If you’re being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food.
During eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests 3. (show) his or her politeness. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is. If you don’t like it, you can just say a polite “thank you”，with the food 4. (leave) there. But don’t stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, it’s very impolite 5.
the host and seniors who are present at the table.
At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldn’t turn the fish over by saying “fan”，which is 6. Chinese word for “turn over” and is considered bad luck for 7.
(fisherman) and their boats. The 8. (separate) of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially true in southern China.
These tips above will be 9. (extreme) useful when you visit China, an 10.
(east) country with a long history.
【解题导语】就餐礼仪因文化不同而不同。

本文主要介绍了中国的餐桌文化。

1．where解析：考查定语从句。

空处是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词the west，同时在从句中作地点状语。

2．are placed解析：考查谓语动词的时态和语态。

句子讲述的是客观情况，要用一般现在时；主语the dishes与动词place之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。

3．to show解析：考查非谓语动词。

主人上菜给客人，附带有公筷，这是为了表示对客人的礼貌。

空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。

4．left解析：考查非谓语动词。

此处为with的复合结构，空处作宾语the food的补足语，并且the food与leave之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用过去分词。

5．to解析：考查介词。

be polite/impolite to sb.是固定短语，意思是“对某人礼貌/不礼貌”。

6．the解析：考查冠词。

“fan”就是汉字里表示“翻过来”的意思。

此处表示特指，故要用定冠词the。

7．fishermen解析：考查名词的单复数。

fisherman为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故空处应用名词的复数形式。

8．separation解析：考查名词。

空处前面有定冠词the修饰，再结合空后的of可知，空处应填名词。

9．extremely解析：考查副词。

空处修饰后面的形容词useful，作状语，要用副词。

10．eastern解析：考查形容词。

空处作定语，修饰后面的名词country，表示“东方的”，
所以要用eastern。

(二)
As you know, science plays 1.____________very important role in our education. Do you want to keep up 2.____________ the latest research and discoveries in science? There are many good websites 3.____________ you can check out the latest in the science world.
One great site is Science Ne w s for Kids. This site reports science news 4.____________(cover) a wide range of subjects. The articles are intended for younger readers, but adults will find this site
5.____________(suit) for them as well. Another wonderful site, one that I check out every day,
6.____________(call) Science Daily. The site is
7.____________(constant) updated with news, often about exciting
8.____________(finding) that change how we view the world.
These sites post the latest stories and also keep all the past articles they 9.____________(post) earlier. That way you can find articles just about anything that 10.____________(be) related to the science fields you are interested in.
【解题导语】众所周知，科学在我们的教育中充当了一个很重要的角色。

文章向我们介绍了几个方便查询最新科技信息的网站。

1．a解析：考查冠词。

play an important role in...为固定搭配，意为“在……中扮演重要角色(发挥重要作用)”，因为空后有发音以辅音音素开头的very，故填冠词a。

2．with解析：考查介词。

你想紧跟科技界最新的研究和发现吗？keep up with为固定搭配，意为“跟上，紧跟，不落在……后面”。

3．where解析：考查定语从句。

先行词为websites，空处在从句中作地点状语，所以用where，相当于on which。

4．covering解析：考查非谓语动词。

提示词为动词，该句中已经有谓语动词reports，提示词cover和其所修饰的名词news之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用cover的v.­ing形式作后置定语，在此相当于which covers。

5．suitable解析：考查形容词。

这里构成“find＋宾语＋形容词(宾补)”结构，所以用suit 的形容词形式。

6．is called解析：考查语态和时态。

另一个“我”每天查看的精彩网站被称作每日科学。

one that I check out every day是主语Another wonderful site的同位语，且主语和call构成被动关系，再结合全文的时态，确定此处用一般现在时的被动语态。

7．constantly解析：考查副词。

修饰动词updated，作状语，故用副词。

8．findings解析：考查名词的数。

finding为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，且定语从句中谓语动词为“change”，为复数概念，所以应用复数形式。

9．posted解析：考查动词的时态。

这里指的是the past articles(以前的文章)，也就是说是以前发布的，所以用一般过去时。

10．is解析：考查主谓一致。

关系代词that指代的是先行词anything，并在从句中作主语，再结合全文的时态可知，应填is。