1 房钢管落地脚手架计算书

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钢管落地脚手架搭设方案
一、工程概况
星洲工业园B73-A号地块新建厂房项目,位于无锡新区锡梅路南侧,薛典路东侧。

本工程由无锡星洲工业园区开发股份有限公司投资建设;工程勘测单位为江苏华信勘测设计院;信息产业电子第十一设计研究院有限公司设计;无锡建设监理咨询公司监理;南通建工集团施工总承包,由张琪志担任项目经理。

本项目由多个单体工程组成,其中以1#综合楼高度最高,其余均为单层厂房,故本方案只对1#综合楼工程脚手架搭设进行验算,具体计算附后。

1#综合楼工程,建筑面积11763.34平方米,五层,局部二层,框架结构。

建筑高度:26.70m,一层层高4.8m,标准层层高4.5m。

建筑物四周无高架线及特殊障碍物。

二、搭设准备
对脚手架基础进行整平、夯实、浇筑砼垫层、定出底座位置,平行于墙面铺设木垫板,浇筑排水沟。

三、搭设方案
1.本工程采用双排落地式外脚手架,在南面5-6轴和15-16轴之间各设置安全通道口1个,周围修混凝土排水沟。

2.材质说明:
本工程所用的材料符合要求。

(1)垫木采用6m×0.2m×0.05m木板,底座采用直径为150mm,厚为8mm的圆形垫铁。

(2)钢管采用A3钢,直径为48mm,壁厚3.0mm。

(3)扣件直角扣件,对接扣件,旋转扣件。

(4)安全网:平网、立网均为省准用推荐产品,有合格证,推荐使用证、准用证。

(5)脚手板采用:竹笆片脚手板。

3.人员落实
本工程架子工全部持证上岗,架子工5人,由施工员负责脚手架的搭
设与拆除的全过程,并及时检查脚手架在施工过程中的各个环节。

根据本工程具体情况,架子工人员基本满足工程需要。

4.搭设顺序:竖立杆→扫地杆→纵向水平杆(第一步)→横向水平杆→连墙杆→竖立杆→纵向水平杆→(第二步)→横向水平杆→连墙杆→纵向水平杆→(第三步)→横向水平杆→剪刀撑→竖立杆→纵向水平杆→(第四步)→横向水平杆→竖立杆→纵向水平杆→(第五步)→横向水平杆→连墙杆→剪刀撑,依次类推,各工序流水作业逐项完成。

四、搭设要求
1、立杆底部设底座和垫板,底座底面标高高于自然地坪50mm,垫板长度为6m,宽度为200mm ,厚度50mm;设纵横向扫地杆,横向水平杆紧靠纵向扫地杆下方设置;且纵向扫地杆距底座上皮不大于200mm.
2、立杆纵距为1.5米,横距1.05米,步距1.8米,内立杆距墙0.4米。

相邻立杆接头均不能在同步内,同步内隔一根立杆的两个接头的高度、方向、错开的距离均大于500mm,接头中心距主节点的距离为500mm以内。

3、小横杆:小横杆绑在大横杆上面,伸出大横杆长度不小于10cm;在每个立杆与大横杆的交点处都应设置小横杆且与节点距离不大于10cm。

4、横向水平杆设在立杆内侧,长度为6m,相邻接头均不在同跨内,且相邻接头均错开500mm 以上,接头中心距主节点600mm以内,靠墙一端外伸长度为200mm。

5、连墙杆每三跨二步设一个,靠近主节点设置,距主节点300mm以内。

浇筑混凝土时在混凝土梁中埋设短钢管,从第一步纵向水平杆处开始设置,伸入墙内外用500mm短管扣紧后,内外再各加一个防滑扣件。

6、剪刀撑跨越四跨五步,内斜杆靠近立杆处用扣件连接,外斜杆用小横杆外伸部分连接,角度为45-60度,剪刀撑两脚要搭在地面垫板上。

斜杆需搭接用两根6米钢管,搭接长度为1米,设3个扣件,剪刀撑搭设在外立杆外侧,布置在脚手架尽端转角处。

北面设剪刀撑3个,南面设剪刀撑3个,西面设剪刀撑2个、二层向上设1个,东面设1个。

7、使用竹笆脚手板,纵向水平杆应采用直角扣件固定在横向水平杆上,并应等距离设置,间距不应大于400mm。

脚手板满铺封头,接头搭设
在小横杆上,采用搭接和对接两种铺设形工,搭接铺设时长度为200mm,
板端外出小横杆100mm,对接铺设时,接头处必须设两根横向水平杆,脚
手板外伸长度为130~150mm。

8、安全立网设置在脚手架外立杆内侧,用尼龙绳绑扎,接缝要严密,平网距地面4.5米设首层网,每10米设一道层间网,作业层上设随层网,并满铺脚手板。

平网绑扎于小横杆上,拉紧绑紧。

9、安全通道口外出脚手架5米,宽度1.8米,高度3.1米,顶部设防砸层、防雨层,间距0.5米。

10、在北面16-19轴之间设上人跑道一座,供人上下。

11、在南面7-8轴和16-17轴之间各设物料提升井架一座。

五、外脚手架搭设的安全技术措施
1.搭设前根据架子的宽度平整场地。

在脚手架搭设范围内的地基必须逐层夯实找平,靠建筑物墙根处要略高于脚手架外侧或挖好排水沟,以防止施工用水或雨水浸泡地基,造成脚手架地基下沉。

2.在搭设前,脚手架基础或地基应满足以下要求:
○1.有足够的面积,并要平整夯实。

本工程基础是回填土,在填土时,必须严格分层夯实,达到回填土规定标准。

○2.架子地基应里高外低(指靠结构的里面高),坡度不少于3%。

做好排水处理,防止积水。

○3.立杆应直立于厚度不小于50mm,宽度为200mm的通长垫板上,有金属底座。

○4.脚手架如与沟槽交叉时,立杆应立到沟槽底,按规定设垫板和底座,或在沟槽上口架设支撑过梁。

○5.脚手架外侧开挖土方或沟槽,必须距立杆1.5m以外。

3.钢管架设避雷针,分置于主楼外架四角立杆之上,并联通大横杆,
形成避雷网络并检测接地电阻不大于30 Ω。

4.外脚手架不得搭设在距离外架空线路的安全距离,并做好可靠的安全接地处理。

5.外脚手架必须及时维修加固,以达到坚固稳定,确保施工安全。

6.外脚手架严禁钢柱、钢木混搭,禁止扣件、绳索、铁丝、塑料混用。

7.外脚手架搭设人员必须持证上岗,并正确使用安全帽、安全带、穿防滑鞋。

8.严格控制施工荷载,脚手架不得集中堆料施荷,施工荷载不得大于2KN/m2。

9.控制扣件螺栓拧紧力矩,采用扭力扳手,扭力矩应控制在40~50N·M 范围内。

10.严禁脚手板存在探头板,铺设脚手板以及多层作业时,应尽量在施工荷载内、外传递平衡。

11.保证脚手架的整体性,不得截断架体。

六、脚手架验收标准
1.脚手架所用材料的质量必须符合要求。

2.脚手架地基坚实,不积水,有符合标准的垫板。

3.大横杆,全长水平误差不得超过6cm。

立杆垂直偏差不得超过架高的1/200,小横杆挠度不大于1/500,杆间距步距符合规程标准。

4.要有足够的连墙点,垂直距离每层或4m设一根,水平距离每6m设一根,并且与建筑拉结牢固可靠。

5.作业层铺板要严、要平、要稳,拐角要交圈(即纵放脚手板与横放脚手板压按到位)。

铺板长短宽窄到位,不得有探头板。

脚手板材质要符合规程标准。

6.剪刀撑、正反斜撑要搭设到位,斜杆与立杆处结点合理,扣件紧固。

7.特殊部位的处理,门窗口、出入口、通道口、“八”字杆、斜杆安装符合规程标准。

8.作业面防护,立挂安全网加挡脚板或绑两道护身栏杆,加18cm挡脚板,作业面端头封死。

9.平屋防护高度不低于1m,坡屋面、女儿墙防护高度不低于1.5m。

10.外脚手架搭设后,必须经过有关人员检查验收、签字认定后才能投入使用。

做到分层搭设、分层验收、分层使用,发现问题及时加固。

验收合格后的外脚手架未经批准,任何人不得任意拆改。

如确实因施工要求需拆改时,必须采取有效措施,并经有关人员检查验收,签字确认后方可使用。

七、使用脚手架的注意事项
脚手架投入使用后,登架作业人员应注意以下几个问题:
1.架子作业人员上下均应走人行梯道,不准攀爬架子。

2.在架子上的作业人员不得随意拆动脚手架的所有拉接点和脚手板,以及扣件扣等有关架子部件。

3.架子上作业人员若发现架子防护不完善,作业不方便时要及时找架子工班长反映,由架子工处理架子问题。

4.工程外脚手架使用时间较长,因此在使用过程中也需要进行检查,发现基础下沉杆件变形严重,防护不全,拉接松动等问题要及时解决。

八、外脚手架拆除的安全技术措施
1.拆架前,全面检查拟拆脚手架,根据检查结果,拟定出作业计划,报请批准,进行技术交底后才准工作。

作业计划包括:拆架的步骤和方法、安全措施、材料堆放地点、劳动组织安排等。

2.拆架前应划分作业区,周围设绳绑围栏或树立警戒标志,地面应设专人指挥,禁止非作业人员进入。

3.拆除的高处作业人员应戴安全帽、系安全带、扎裹腿、穿防滑鞋。

4.拆除程序应遵守由上而下,先搭后拆的原则,即先拆拉杆、脚手架、剪刀撑、斜撑,而后拆小横杆、大横杆、立杆等,并按一步一清原则一次进行。

严禁上下同时进行拆架作业。

5.拆立杆时,要先抱住立杆再拆开两个扣。

拆除大横杆、斜撑、剪刀撑时,应先拆中间扣件,然后托住中间,再解决端头扣。

6.连接杆(拉结点)应随拆除进度逐层拆除,拆抛撑时,应用临时撑支住,然后才能拆除。

7.拆除时要统一指挥,上下呼应,动作协调,当解开与另一人有关的结扣时,应先通知对方,以防坠落。

8.拆除架时严禁碰撞脚手架附近电源线,以防触电事故。

9.在拆除时,不得中途换人,如必须换人时,应将拆除情况交代清楚后方可离开。

10.拆下的材料要徐徐下运,严禁抛掷。

运至地面的材料应按时定地
点随拆随运,当天拆当天清,拆下的扣件和铁丝要集中回收处理。

附:脚手架搭设验算计算书
本工程脚手架只供外墙装修使用,不作为结构施工脚手架。

本工程采用扣件式钢管落地脚手架。

扣件式钢管落地脚手架的计算依据《建筑施工扣件式钢管脚手架安全技术规范》(JGJ130-2001)、《建筑地基基础设计规范》(GB 50007-2002)、《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB 50009-2001)、《钢结构设计规范》(GB 50017-2003)等编制。

一、参数信息:
1.脚手架参数
双排脚手架搭设高度为 28.2 米,立杆采用单立管;
搭设尺寸为:立杆的纵距为 1.5米,立杆的横距为1.05米,大小横杆的步距为1.8 米;
内排架距离墙长度为0.40米;
大横杆在上,搭接在小横杆上的大横杆根数为 2 根;
采用的钢管类型为Φ48×3.0;
横杆与立杆连接方式为单扣件;取扣件抗滑承载力系数为 0.80;
连墙件采用两步三跨,竖向间距 3.6 米,水平间距4.5 米,采用扣件连接;
连墙件连接方式为双扣件;
2.活荷载参数
施工均布活荷载标准值:2.000 kN/m2;脚手架用途:装修脚手架;
同时施工层数:2 层;
3.风荷载参数
本工程地处江苏省无锡,基本风压为0.45 kN/m2;
风荷载高度变化系数μz为1.42,风荷载体型系数μs为0.55;
脚手架计算中考虑风荷载作用
4.静荷载参数
每米立杆承受的结构自重标准值(kN/m2):0.1248;
脚手板自重标准值(kN/m2):0.100;栏杆挡脚板自重标准值
(kN/m):0.100;
安全设施与安全网(kN/m2):0.005;脚手板铺设层数:15;
脚手板类别:竹笆片脚手板;栏杆挡板类别:栏杆、竹笆片脚手板挡板;
每米脚手架钢管自重标准值(kN/m2):0.033;
5.地基参数
地基土类型:素填土;地基承载力标准值(kpa):160.00;
立杆基础底面面积(m2):0.25;地基承载力调整系数:0.40。

二、大横杆的计算:
按照《扣件式钢管脚手架安全技术规范》(JGJ130-2001)第5.2.4条规定,大横杆按照三跨连续梁进行强度和挠度计算,大横杆在小横杆的上面。

将大横杆上面的脚手板自重和施工活荷载作为均布荷载计算大横杆的最大弯矩和变形。

1.均布荷载值计算
=0.033 kN/m ;
大横杆的自重标准值:P
1
=0.1×1.05/(2+1)=0.035 kN/m ;
脚手板的自重标准值:P
2
活荷载标准值: Q=2×1.05/(2+1)=0.7 kN/m;
静荷载的设计值: q
=1.2×0.033+1.2×0.035=0.082 kN/m;
1
=1.4×0.7=0.98 kN/m;
活荷载的设计值: q
2
图1 大横杆设计荷载组合简图(跨中最大弯矩和跨中最大挠度)
图2 大横杆设计荷载组合简图(支座最大弯矩)
2.强度验算
跨中和支座最大弯距分别按图1、图2组合。

跨中最大弯距计算公式如下:
跨中最大弯距为M
=0.08×0.082×1.52+0.10×0.98×1.52 =0.235
1max
kN.m;
支座最大弯距计算公式如下:
= -0.10×0.082×1.52-0.117×0.98×1.52支座最大弯距为 M
2max
=-0.276 kN.m;
选择支座弯矩和跨中弯矩的最大值进行强度验算:
σ=Max(0.235×106,0.276×106)/4490=61.47 N/mm2;
大横杆的最大弯曲应力为σ= 61.47 N/mm2小于大横杆的抗压强度设计值 [f]=205 N/mm2,满足要求!
3.挠度验算:
最大挠度考虑为三跨连续梁均布荷载作用下的挠度。

计算公式如下:
其中:
静荷载标准值: q
1= P
1
+P
2
=0.033+0.035=0.068 kN/m;
活荷载标准值: q
2
= Q =0.7 kN/m;
最大挠度计算值为:
V= 0.677×0.068×15004/(100×2.06×105×107800)+0.990×0.7×15004/(100×2.06×105×107800) = 1.685 mm;
大横杆的最大挠度 1.685 mm 小于大横杆的最大容许挠度
1500/150 mm与10 mm,满足要求!
三、小横杆的计算:
根据JGJ130-2001第5.2.4条规定,小横杆按照简支梁进行强度和挠度计算,大横杆在小横杆的上面。

用大横杆支座的最大反力计算值作为小横杆集中荷载,在最不利荷载布置下计算小横杆的最大弯矩和变形。

1.荷载值计算
大横杆的自重标准值:p
1
= 0.033×1.5 = 0.05 kN;
脚手板的自重标准值:P
2
=0.1×1.05×1.5/(2+1)=0.053 kN;
活荷载标准值:Q=2×1.05×1.5/(2+1) =1.050 kN;
集中荷载的设计值: P=1.2×(0.05+0.053)+1.4 ×1.05 = 1.593 kN;
小横杆计算简图
2.强度验算
最大弯矩考虑为小横杆自重均布荷载与大横杆传递荷载的标准值最
不利分配的弯矩和
均布荷载最大弯矩计算公式如下:
M
qmax
= 1.2×0.033×1.052/8 = 0.006 kN.m;
集中荷载最大弯矩计算公式如下:
M
pmax
= 1.593×1.05/3 = 0.558 kN.m ;
最大弯矩 M= M
qmax + M
pmax
= 0.563 kN.m;
最大应力计算值σ = M / W = 0.563×106/4490=125.398 N/mm2;
小横杆的最大弯曲应力σ =125.398 N/mm2小于小横杆的抗压强度设计值 205 N/mm2,满足要求!
3.挠度验算
最大挠度考虑为小横杆自重均布荷载与大横杆传递荷载的设计值最不利分配的挠度和
小横杆自重均布荷载引起的最大挠度计算公式如下:
V
qmax
=5×0.033×10504/(384×2.06×105×107800) = 0.024 mm ;
大横杆传递荷载 P = p
1 + p
2
+ Q = 0.05+0.053+1.05 = 1.152 kN;
集中荷载标准值最不利分配引起的最大挠度计算公式如下:
V
pmax
= 1152.45×1050×(3×10502-4×10502/9 ) /(72×2.06×105×107800) = 2.132 mm;
最大挠度和 V = V
qmax + V
pmax
= 0.024+2.132 = 2.156 mm;
小横杆的最大挠度为 2.156 mm 小于小横杆的最大容许挠度1050/150=7与10 mm,满足要求!
四、扣件抗滑力的计算:
按规范表5.1.7,直角、旋转单扣件承载力取值为8.00kN,按照扣件抗滑承载力系数0.80,该工程实际的旋转单扣件承载力取值为6.40kN。

纵向或横向水平杆与立杆连接时,扣件的抗滑承载力按照下式计算(规范5.2.5):
R ≤ R
c
其中 Rc -- 扣件抗滑承载力设计值,取6.40 kN;
R -- 纵向或横向水平杆传给立杆的竖向作用力设计值;
大横杆的自重标准值: P
1
= 0.033×1.5×2/2=0.05 kN;
小横杆的自重标准值: P
2
= 0.033×1.05/2=0.017 kN;
脚手板的自重标准值: P
3
= 0.1×1.05×1.5/2=0.079 kN;
活荷载标准值: Q = 2×1.05×1.5 /2 = 1.575 kN;
荷载的设计值: R=1.2×(0.05+0.017+0.079)+1.4×1.575=2.38 kN;
R < 6.40 kN,单扣件抗滑承载力的设计计算满足要求!
五、脚手架立杆荷载计算:
作用于脚手架的荷载包括静荷载、活荷载和风荷载。

静荷载标准值包括以下内容:
(1)每米立杆承受的结构自重标准值(kN),为0.1248
N
G1
= [0.1248+(1.50×2/2)×0.033/1.80]×28.20 = 4.302;
(2)脚手板的自重标准值(kN/m2);采用竹笆片脚手板,标准值为0.1
N
G2
= 0.1×15×1.5×(1.05+0.3)/2 = 1.519 kN;
(3)栏杆与挡脚手板自重标准值(kN/m);采用栏杆、竹笆片脚手板挡板,标准值为0.1
N
G3
= 0.1×15×1.5/2 = 1.125 kN;
(4)吊挂的安全设施荷载,包括安全网(kN/m2);0.005
N
G4
= 0.005×1.5×28.2 = 0.212 kN;
经计算得到,静荷载标准值
N
G =N
G1
+N
G2
+N
G3
+N
G4
= 7.157 kN;
活荷载为施工荷载标准值产生的轴向力总和,内、外立杆按一纵距
内施工荷载总和的1/2取值。

经计算得到,活荷载标准值
N
Q
= 2×1.05×1.5×2/2 = 3.15 kN;
风荷载标准值按照以下公式计算
其中 W
o
-- 基本风压(kN/m2),按照《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB50009-2001)的规定采用:
W
o
= 0.45 kN/m2;
U
z
-- 风荷载高度变化系数,按照《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB50009-2001)的规定采用:
U
z
= 1.42 ;
U
s
-- 风荷载体型系数:取值为0.552;
经计算得到,风荷载标准值
W
k
= 0.7 ×0.45×1.42×0.552 = 0.247 kN/m2;
不考虑风荷载时,立杆的轴向压力设计值计算公式
N = 1.2N
G +1.4N
Q
= 1.2×7.157+ 1.4×3.15= 12.999 kN;
考虑风荷载时,立杆的轴向压力设计值为
N = 1.2 N
G +0.85×1.4N
Q
= 1.2×7.157+ 0.85×1.4×3.15= 12.337
kN;
风荷载设计值产生的立杆段弯矩 M
W

M
w = 0.85 ×1.4W
k
L
a
h2/10 =0.850 ×1.4×0.247×1.5×
1.82/10 = 0.143 kN.m;
六、立杆的稳定性计算:
不考虑风荷载时,立杆的稳定性计算公式为:
立杆的轴向压力设计值:N = 12.999 kN;
计算立杆的截面回转半径:i = 1.59 cm;
计算长度附加系数参照《扣件式规范》表5.3.3得:k = 1.155 ;
当验算杆件长细比时,取块1.0;
计算长度系数参照《扣件式规范》表5.3.3得:μ = 1.5 ;
计算长度 ,由公式 l
o = k×μ×h 确定:l
= 3.118 m;
长细比 L
o
/i = 196 ;
轴心受压立杆的稳定系数φ,由长细比 l
o
/i 的计算结果查表得到:φ= 0.188 ;
立杆净截面面积: A = 4.24 cm2;
立杆净截面模量(抵抗矩) :W = 4.49 cm3;
钢管立杆抗压强度设计值:[f] =205 N/mm2;
σ = 12999/(0.188×424)=163.069 N/mm2;
立杆稳定性计算σ = 163.069 N/mm2小于立杆的抗压强度设计值[f] = 205 N/mm2,满足要求!
考虑风荷载时,立杆的稳定性计算公式
立杆的轴心压力设计值:N = 12.337 kN;
计算立杆的截面回转半径:i = 1.59 cm;
计算长度附加系数参照《扣件式规范》表5.3.3得: k = 1.155 ;
计算长度系数参照《扣件式规范》表5.3.3得:μ = 1.5 ;
计算长度 ,由公式 l
0 = kuh 确定:l
= 3.118 m;
长细比: L
/i = 196 ;
轴心受压立杆的稳定系数φ,由长细比 l
o
/i 的结果查表得到:φ= 0.188
立杆净截面面积: A = 4.24 cm2;
立杆净截面模量(抵抗矩) :W = 4.49 cm3;
钢管立杆抗压强度设计值:[f] =205 N/mm2;
σ = 12337.092/(0.188×424)+142797.698/4490 = 186.574 N/mm2;
立杆稳定性计算σ = 186.574 N/mm2小于立杆的抗压强度设计值[f] = 205 N/mm2,满足要求!
七、最大搭设高度的计算:
按《规范》5.3.6条不考虑风荷载时,采用单立管的敞开式、全封闭和半封闭的脚手架可搭设高度按照下式计算:
构配件自重标准值产生的轴向力 N
G2K
(kN)计算公式为:
N G2K = N
G2
+N
G3
+N
G4
= 2.855 kN;
活荷载标准值:N
Q
= 3.15 kN;
每米立杆承受的结构自重标准值:G
k
= 0.125 kN/m;
H
s
=[0.188×4.24×10-4×205×103-(1.2×2.855
+1.4×3.15)]/(1.2×0.125)=56.789 m;
按《规范》5.3.6条脚手架搭设高度 H
s
等于或大于26米,按照下式调整且不超过50米:
[H] = 56.789 /(1+0.001×56.789)=53.737 m;
[H]= 53.737 和 50 比较取较小值。

经计算得到,脚手架搭设高度限值 [H] =50 m。

脚手架单立杆搭设高度为28.2m,小于[H],满足要求!
按《规范》5.3.6条考虑风荷载时,采用单立管的敞开式、全封闭和半封闭的脚手架可搭设高度按照下式计算:
构配件自重标准值产生的轴向力 N
G2K
(kN)计算公式为:
N G2K = N
G2
+N
G3
+N
G4
= 2.855 kN;
活荷载标准值:N
Q
= 3.15 kN;
每米立杆承受的结构自重标准值:G
k
= 0.125 kN/m;
计算立杆段由风荷载标准值产生的弯矩: M
wk =M
w
/ (1.4×0.85) =
0.143 /(1.4 × 0.85) = 0.12 kN.m;
H
s
=( 0.188×4.24×10-4×205×103-(1.2×2.855+0.85×1.4×(3.15+0.188×4.24×100×0.12/4.49)))/(1.2×0.125)=44.278 m;
按《规范》5.3.6条脚手架搭设高度 H
s
等于或大于26米,按照下式调整且不超过50米:
[H] = 44.278 /(1+0.001×44.278)=42.4 m;
[H]= 42.4 和 50 比较取较小值。

经计算得到,脚手架搭设高度限值 [H] =42.4 m。

脚手架单立杆搭设高度为28.2m,小于[H],满足要求!
八、连墙件的计算:
连墙件的轴向力设计值应按照下式计算:
N
l = N
lw
+ N
风荷载标准值 W
k
= 0.247 kN/m2;
每个连墙件的覆盖面积内脚手架外侧的迎风面积 A
w
= 16.2 m2;
按《规范》5.4.1条连墙件约束脚手架平面外变形所产生的轴向力
(kN), N
= 5.000 kN;
风荷载产生的连墙件轴向力设计值(kN),按照下式计算:
N lw = 1.4×W
k
×A
w
= 5.6 kN;
连墙件的轴向力设计值 N
l = N
lw
+ N
= 10.6 kN;
连墙件承载力设计值按下式计算:
N
f
= φ·A·[f]
其中φ -- 轴心受压立杆的稳定系数;
由长细比 l0
/
i = 400/15.9的结果查表得到φ=0.933,l为内排架距离墙的长度;
又: A = 4.24 cm2;[f]=205 N/mm2;
连墙件轴向承载力设计值为 N
f
= 0.933×4.24×10-4×205×103 = 81.096 kN;
N l = 10.6 < N
f
= 81.096,连墙件的设计计算满足要求!
连墙件采用双扣件与墙体连接。

由以上计算得到 N
l
= 10.6小于双扣件的抗滑力 12.8 kN,满足要求!
连墙件扣件连接示意图
九、立杆的地基承载力计算:
立杆基础底面的平均压力应满足下式的要求
p ≤ f
g
地基承载力设计值:
f g = f
gk
×k
c
= 64 kpa;
其中,地基承载力标准值:f
gk
= 160 kpa ;
脚手架地基承载力调整系数:k
c
= 0.4 ;
立杆基础底面的平均压力:p = N/A =49.348 kpa ;
其中,上部结构传至基础顶面的轴向力设计值:N = 12.337 kN;基础底面面积:A = 0.25 m2。

p=49.348 ≤ f
=64 kpa 。

地基承载力满足要求!
g
(英文版)
Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised
history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an
important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the
authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target,
respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department
The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the
wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the
< code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the。

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