环球雅斯听课笔记-阅读
Nggvvc举世雅思雅思高分周末班课堂笔记 IELTS考试技巧

2.社会主义本质理论对探索怎样建设3.社19会57主年义2月具,有毛重在要《的关实于践正意确义处。理社人会民主内义2.社部本科会矛质学主盾理的义的论1本本问的.邓质质题提小是的》出平创科讲,提新学话为出,内中我“创涵提们社邓新。出寻始会小的邓(找终主平关小1一代义)坚键平种表的我2持在对能.1中本国把科人社9够国质社5发学才会从4先,会展社年,主更进是主作会,人义深生解义为主毛才本层产放制执义在的质次1力生度政理《成所.认社1的产还兴论论长作.识会 发发力刚国和十靠的社主 展展,刚的实大教概会义 才要发建第践关坚育括主本 是求展立一的系2持。,义质 硬、,生,要基》以人一,理 道发大产还务本重发才方从论 理展力力没是成要展资面而把 ,才促,有由果讲社的源强为我 把是进消完中,话会办是调中四们 发(硬先灭全国抓中主法第必国、对 展2道进剥建共住提三义解一)须的科社 生理生削立产“出、经决资采解社学会 产,产,党什(代济前源取放会技主 力是力消还的么1表基进。从和主术义 作)对的除不执是中础科低发义是1的 为吧社3发两完政社9国基的学级展.建第发认 社二国5会展极全地会先本问技到6生设一展识 会、内主,年分巩位主进建题术高产在生才提 主发外义是底化固所义生立,实级力改产是高 义1展一时中我,的决邓产的是力9,革力硬到 建是切间5国最思定怎小力同实和国另3开道了 设党积经共对终想年的样平的时行国家一放理一 的执极验产农达。1,建一发,改民资方中2,个 根政因教党业到(是设月再展我革教本面探是新 本兴素训站、共2对社,强要国开育主指索)适的 任国都的在手一同执会毛调求的放水义出出第创应科 务在的调深时工、富1政主泽,政以平的4了一三造.时学 ,社第动刻坚代.业发裕规义东中一治来,过2解条节性代水 符会一起总持前.和展。律”关社 国个领我始度放发、地主平 合阶要来结社列资才”认这于会 社公域们终形和展社提题。 马级务为。会,本是1识个总主 会有也党是式发更会9出变社 克二关中主保硬的根8路义 主制发的衡。展快主了化会 思6、系国义持道3深本线基 义占生一年量所生、义社.的主社发解用工现理化问的本 基主了条,综谓产人的会需义会生决和业金商,题1完制 本体重主邓合国力民根主要本 基.主变事所平化向业1也,整度 制,大要小国家的享本9义。质 本义化业有方建的是深5的度一变经平力资手受社任理 原6本的服问法设根社对刻表确 的个化验年提和本段到会 1务论 理第质同务题进与本会一党揭.述立 确共,。出社主社和社主基的 ,二理时的行社体主、实示:, 立同确苏“会义会目会3义本提 是节论,基关改会现义社现了.从为 ,富立共社文,社主的主一改矛出 巩、的我本键造主和改会其社中当 使裕了二会明就会义。义、造盾, 固对重国方是。义根造之所会华代 占,中十主程是主基建中的和为 和第社要针这改本基一承主人中 世这国大义度在义本设国基两进 发一会意。靠不造要本本担义民国 界是共以财的国基制内成特本类一 展节主义的(自仅同求完质的本共一 人我产后富重家本度涵果色完矛步 社、义主2己保时。成理历质和切 口们党毛属要直)制的包最伴社成盾推 会中本要的证并,论史,国发 四必领泽于标接正度确括大随会,的进 主国质矛发了举标第的这成展 分须导东人志控确的立(,着主是学改 义特理盾展2社。志五提需是立进 之坚的提民。制处确是1.能社义我说采革 制色论也。会实着章)出要对,步 一持人出,和理立中够会建国,取开 度社的发的践中把。马到奠 的民要社支经,国社充经设强积放 的会提生稳证国解克社定 东民“会配济是历会分济道调极和 必主出了定明历放思会了 方主以下建4广史主体制路要引社 然义变,.史和主主把制 大专苏义的设大上义现度初严导会 要二建化而党上发义义对度 国政为的资和劳最的出和步经格、主 求设。且坚长展的改企基 进党的鉴致本社动深本对社探济区逐义 。确道人极持达生重造业础 入在根社”富主会人刻质资会索结分步现立路民大社数产大基的。 了过本会,是义发民最和本经的构过代社的对的会千力逐发本改社渡原主探全经展真伟根主济理发正渡化会初于促主年概步展完造会时则义索民济中正大本义结论生确的建新主步经进义的括实,成和主期。基自共的成任优构成了处方设中义探济了改阶为现对,对义总本己同国一为社务越的果根理式提国基索文社造级国于这人制 社路政的致家系国会性根本两。供的本化会与剥家建是的度 会线治道富资列家变的一本变类中了成制迅主社削的设一改的 ,第制路。本重的革道、变化不国强立度速义会制社中个造建 这三主度。社大主,路社化,同这大,的发事主度的会国过结立 是节要。会义关人也,1会社性场的标重展业义的本主特.渡合极 世、内人主有系解和是奠主我会质巨思志大的的工结(质义色时起大 界社容民义初。决社2定义国主的大想着意需发业束30。工社期来地 社(会被民原级了会)世了基社义矛而武我义要展化,(业会。,提 会2主概则和3在生把纪理本会经盾深器国同),同实2化主党把高 主对义括专,高一产资中)论制的济,刻。新经遵改总时现新是义在对了 义手制为政第级个资本国强基度阶成在特的通民济循革之并了民党具这资工 运二七度“实一形以料主又调础的级分新别社过主文自4过,举由主在有个本人 动、届 业在一质是式农的.(义一消,初关已民是它会(没主化愿于和的新主过重过主阶 史新社二 的中化上发之民主1工次灭开步系占主要是变4收义不互集平方民()义渡大渡义级 上民会中 社国三已展)分为人商划剥阔确也绝主正中革官能利中改针主3用社时的时工和 又主全 会的改成生坚。主)业时削了立发对义确国,僚命满、的造,主和会期理期商广 一主义会确”为产持初题正者代,广2生优革处革不资阶足典计解对义平的论.的业大 个义改提立。无,积级资的确改的消阔了势命理命仅√本段人型划决于向赎五总和总搞劳 历革造出 改“产第极形本、分造历除前根,理人的没中而民示体了在社3买种路实路糟动 史命的使 造一阶二领式主落(.析成史两景本社论民具有国形基需党范制诸深会的经线践线成人 性理历中 ,化级是导的义后1农为巨极。√的会内体对革成本要的和如刻主)方济的意和为民 的论史国 党”专共、工的村自变分邓中主指部实生命的结建国初实的义积法成主义总自的 伟是经“ 和即政同稳家商半的食。化小国义导矛际产在走社束状设家步现社的极改分体。任食积 大以验稳 政社;致步资业殖阶其们平社革。公下盾出力一农会和况。帮构社会转引造—。务其极 胜一毛步 府会人富前本的民级力吐对1会命有,。发的个村主社之加助想会变导资—要.,力性 利、泽地 采主民。进农社地和的出社第必制中(,发以包义会间强的,变革农本社从是的和 。适东由 取义代”的业会半阶社了会二须已国3不展农围的主党原要革中社民主会根)要社创合为农 了工表这方是、主封层会最主节级走成共拘造民城国义矛的则求与保会组义主本从在会造中主业 积大段针国手义建状主终义、构农为产泥成为市营改盾建,2中经持主织工义上全一主性国要极化会话,家工改的.况义达本社成村我党武于破主、经造,设以央济社义起商性改体个义。特代转 领,制成采对业造东,劳到质会主包国领装已坏体武济阶成,互向发会基来业中质变人相劳点表变 导“度为取私的方制动共所主要围社导斗有,的装段为(助地展稳本,。国的中民当动的为 ,三、社循营社大定者同作义有城会中争的而半夺掌我1合方,定制走共国出长者社中工 稳改会序)会国正。富的改工市国。现且殖取握开国作分和,度互产营贫发的。会国业 步”主渐商必主里逐确裕理造人、经武成促民政了始社的权平促在助3党经穷,时主共国 前即义进业须义步的这论二道阶武济民.装结进半权主。会优和新过进我合领济落“期义产, 进对本的实把改行形阶一概、路级装基取斗论了封的要从越扩民渡生国作导、后统内改党由 的个质步行思造革成级社括党和、夺础得争,生建道经中主性大主与产初道的半筹,造人新 方体领论骤委2想命了政会,在历农取。了是运产的路济华要吸企主消力.步路革社面兼逐新道,民 针农导断。托建的理策主对过史民政新中用力过,命人矛引业义灭发确。一命会貌顾步民路把主 。业
Zaoelj新东方雅思笔记整理(READING)

生命是永恒不断的创造,因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力,它不断流溢,越出时间和空间的界限,它不停地追求,以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
--泰戈尔一、概括:READING----60mins---- 3000Words---- 40-42Questions(6PAGES)1.Method:Skim isn’t or is3S SkipScan key words questions2. Resource : Passage 1.2.3: <<Economist>>\<<Natural Geography>>3.Type:List of headings(中心句)Matching (配对题)T/F or NG (对、错、未给)占80%Sentence Completion (补充题)Summary (Cloze) (完形填空)Multiple choice (选择题)二、解题思路无论何种题型,首先看题目,判断文体及可能的结构。
其次找文中的特殊字符及生僻单词。
FIRST STEP A. TOPIC (theme): TITLE B. SCIENCE (文体) Ⅰ. 时间顺序(顺时)C.STRUCTURE (结构) Ⅱ. 平行罗列Ⅲ. 正反强对比SECOND STEPA. Number a. FACT考点 b. COMPARISM (CHANGE)B. Capitals (大写) 、专有n.、斜体、引号、括号等三、List of Headings 解题思路1.在题目与例子中找线索A.EXAMPLE (举例答案阅读后,首先删去)B.浏览题目。
C.找出句子中的Connective(连接词),包括了: a. reason --- resultb. contrasting (对比)c. sequence/ addition (次序)d. example (例子)2.在HEADINGS里划重点:A.KEY WORDS(NEW&ONL Y)找关键词,唯一且不可替代。
环球雅思高分课堂笔记 IELTS考试技巧

环球雅思高分周末班课堂笔记(学术类)Reading/Listening评分标准表:Reading/Listening5.5 19-226.0 23-266.5 27-297.0 30-317.5 32-348.0 35-368.5 37-389.0 39-40Listening注意听降调,重读,被重复注意连读:In eighteen … [ei]In nineteen … [ai]1. Note-taking题一心二意,单词拼写与发音Do not: 翻译,中文,全神贯注第4个字母是p,b,m,前面都是com, 剩下的都是con, 除了:comfortable听数字时,注意:8和9,50和15,“1+2”只听数字,忽略thousand, million…0.508:naught point five o eight$9.5 nine dollar fifty2. 地图题:找箭头,读参照物,绝对+相对,形状+大小:square, round, circle, sphere...3. 主观题:pre: 划路标词找“关系”:并列:and, 并列符号因果:for, so…路标词后,注意:语音,语调:降调,重读,被重复;空格前后的单词;下一题的路标词记录,不要拼写单词注意格式:名词:单复数,大小写Venue = place = where 一律大写,name, course课程名大写4. 表格题:路标词是时间均为间接给出有so后就有答案5. 判断题:(考点)数字(19,90;8,9;数字后名词偷换);否定词(hardly, little, never…); 比较,最高级;动宾搭配;绝对词(every, none, only, must); 相对词if, sometimes; 情态动词6. 单选题:时间,城市无法AB重现选项区别大:正确答案肯定在题干后(先浏览题干),通常AB重现(语序调整意义不变,核心词,同意词<adj,n>)干扰选项:语音干扰…this means…答案已过去错误搭配Not given备注:所谓AA重现:题目与原文基本一致,照搬过来;AB重现:同义,近义,反义,上下义(从属关系)7. 多选题:AB重现+被否定并列连词后anything else?熟悉被选项,耳到眼到一连串的被选项同时被提到,第一个被提及通常是正确选项,答案跟并列词后8. 配对题Matching词性配对,题干定位Section 1 Interview Q-A, Discussion Q-A‟-A‟‟-A(最后原则,最后被确定的是答案,so后)填空,注意字数,尽量用原文,冠词,程度副词可省略S3 Q-A-SummarySo, why not, just say 后永远有答案时间安排:最先2‟30看S3,S4题干,当example的答案听到第2遍时开始回头看S1 S1听力中明辨是非,限制词性及内容ReadingSkills: SQSRC(一定要看!!!很有用的阅读步骤,平行阅读法,千万不要看完一整篇后做题)1.Skim 1-2‟大标题,段首句(1,2段必看,后面可挑看)2.Question 精读一个Q,划信号词(大写,引号,括号,数字,人名,地名,时间,专有名词,特殊名词,特殊状态名词…)3.Scan (根据信号词回原文寻)语言重现AA,AB,AC(句子内部和句子之间的关系的重现;因果,转折,比较)4.Read carefully 精读上下句5.Check and confirm 规范(审题,语法);心理概况: A类先找信号词,定位再答题3篇文章60分钟内完成词汇量要求:7000-8000题型: 重点:选择,Summary, TF/NG, Heading主旨题次重点: 图表, SAQ, SC, Matching1.Multiple Choice原则: 1) 我没选绝对词(90%): have to, never, only…2) 我没选”比较”比较级,最高级,<,>,干扰项3) 我的选项留有余地may, could, might, sometimes, perhaps4) D选项为ALL, 2条件必选ALL: A,B,C不相干; 出处有表示列举的词:and, also, another, additional, other, apart from, as well, in addition to5) 当题干短, 分析归类选项, 再验证6) D选项为NONE, 2步走: 文中划出所有A.B或其共同成分; 逐一验证其限定成分文中出现数字: 20%考点,20%信号词,60%垃圾,看大小即可2.Summary看语法,理思路短文首句要精读, 起止位置要明确,留意AB重现(包括非空格部分), 生词可照搬,有时调整顺序和主被动关系分类: 续写,有选项; 改写(几乎全文,有选项; 2,3段,无选项; 不知道几段)3.判断形式: TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN; YES/NO/NOT GIVEN 答案要写全,写准确(YES和TRUE要分清,不能混写,不能缩写Y/T)定义: T Passage 与Question吻合F PQ 矛盾,冲突NG 未提及;有提及,但不相关,既不吻合,也不矛盾,证据不充分,不足以判断,不确定,不知道原则:其他条件不变: P小,Q 大, EG. Influence > reduce, T/Y其他条件不变: P 大, Q 小NGF: PQ明显矛盾(正反词,否定)不明显矛盾,PQ不能够同时成立NG: P主观, Q客观P用主观词(predict, assume…) Q去掉主观词,且不加委婉词(can,will,may…)总量与部分无关补充: NG不占多数,一次做两题,比较时要慎重(比较双方,比较点,比较方向; 3者一致---T,前2要素一致,第3要素相反---F; Q中比较,P中不比没比---NG)注意修饰语的明显差别PQ 在数量,范围,频率,程度,可能性上存在明显差别P: SOME Q: ALL ----F4.Heading划例子,划段落精读所有选项,划信号首末句精读,第2句兼顾,中间浏览对比分析定答案注意:先细节后主旨;正确选项通常为原文主题句的AB重现若某选项与原文某些字词AA重现,一般不选不能重复选印刷体书写罗马数字5.图表题:定位3步法: 定位到某段,某句,某词6.Matching形式: TIME/EVENTS G类CAUSE/ EFFECTPEOPLE/OPPIONCONCEPT/ EXPLAINA TIONPRODUCER/ PRODUCTORGANISITION/ FUCTION G类Detail & ParagraphWhich paragraph contains the following information? 最后做注意:乱序节省时间:做题前尽可能一次性记住所有题干的关键词题干通常AA,选项通常AB可以重复选7.Short answer Question看清楚疑问词,完整句: 首字母大写,成分:小写即可8.Sentence Completion有选项:先语法后意义Writing20‟+40‟2种写法:段首顶格,段与段间隔一行(better) / 段首空4个英文字符段与段不空行Task 120分钟内写完分清什么图----找研究对象----2大审题方法Picture常考:A. Line graph / Curve chart 曲线图Bar chart / Column diagram 柱形/条形图Pie chart 饼图B. Flow chart 流程图一般分3段,尽可能用被动语态,不用第一人称A时态:Part 1 Simple Present(现在所见的)Part 2 Simple past (the changes itself in the past)Part 3 Simple present (现在所看到的趋势)Basic Pattern:连接手段必须有“如图所示”;四大要素,首段末句点题Part 1 4 major factors: pictures, objects, time, and dataPart 2 4 changes (textual level) + 6 comparisons (sentence level)Part 3 小结+趋势(上升或下降)4 changes: 升降波平6 comparisons:分比;比率;倍;分(1/3);数值;排位place, positionBFlow chart: 一般现在时,中间多用被动语态Part 1 2-3 major factors: pictures, objects, given conditions, (materials given)Part 2 Process described: Passive被动(with connectives: step / stage)Part 3 Result indicated两大审题方法:切割分析法就明显的曲线形状进行切割分段(2条线不在一条直线上,2条线不属于同类变化);迅速标上段号和点号,点>段(如下图,4点3段)1 2 3 4简易图示法如:3块饼图,每块有ABCD4个对象,则分别对这4个对象进行分析,看其各在1-2,2-3图中的变化趋势(上升或下降)Task 2 40分钟完成高分词汇:AA,AB重现;连字符词语: win-win situation; 名词化短语;一词多义的单词:bridge n. / vt. Brave adj. / vt. 勇敢面对六大结构:后置定语;排比句not only… but also…等;同位语;名词性从句;虚拟语气;否定兼倒装:Only in this way can we…; Not only verb + subjectFirst and Last注意首句和末句;首段和末段;每段的首句和末句五种题型:(1side一分写法,正或反面选其一;2side两分写法,正反面都要写,易拿高分)Do you agree /disagree? What is your opinion? (1/2-side)观点性辩论文To what extent do you agree or disagree? (1/2-side)Discuss both sides… (2-side)现象/说明性论述文Problem-Solution (Why-Because, Causes-Effects) (2-side)General-Particular (2-side)1 辩论文(一分法/二分法)一分法完全赞成/反对Part 1 我同/反间接或直接点题Part 2 同/反1同/反2 理由,举例Part 3 我同/反二分法7-8分1 2 3Part 1 我同/反/中立间接点题Part 2 同同反反反同Part 3 我同/我反/中立我同我反3种写法:势均力敌同=反先扬后抑同>反先抑后扬同<反第一种“同=反”比较难写,不要轻易尝试Part 1 首段末句必须中立点题Part 2 中间部分必须互反:利弊,迟早,新旧,今昔对比互反Part 3 末段首句必须明确表态(赞成/反对)2.论述文Question-Answer PatternPart 1 WhatPart 2 Why1Why2Part 3 How常考话题:新技术,电脑代替传统的工具等;教育;环境资源;家庭;交通;政府资助Speaking尽量多说复杂句,定语从句,虚拟语气等1. General topics 4-5min “warm-up” familiar topics个人情况等等强调adj. Adv. Number. negative名词动词比喻修饰2. Particular topics 说1-2min 之前1min准备3.Abstract questions 4-5min Discuss!!!万能话题:旅游a place;平凡的人;名人;书最新雅思大作文不变应万变语篇通式Mighty Writing[Given Info Analysed on the Textual and lexical Levels]:[Chinese Version]:[English Version]:Analysed and Written by Prof HAN Pinyu in Nanjing Global IELTS School, on April 2, 2007Writing 写作模板最好不要全部照搬,有能力自己做点修改,使其个性化很大程度上:to a large extent, in a great/large degree, for the most part很小程度上:to some extent, in some degree, for some part/partly/in partTask 1除流程图外:As can be seen from the picture(table/figure/diagram/ line graph/bar chart/pie chart), it illustrated (shown) explicitly (obviously) X (that X covers the years/months from … to …).According to / In accordance with the figures / data (dada无复数) given in the picture, X significantly (greatly/ dramatically/ noticeably) fell from … to … in 19.. to in 19.., whereas. Also / Moreover / Furthermore from the picture it can be seen that there was a sharp decline / increase from…, while…. Based upon / Relying on the figures / data given in the picture, it started / had its starting point at … in 19.., reached the highest point / peaked at … in 19.. and gave its finishing point / finished at …in 19..; on the contrary, …. In addition to / What is more what has previously been referred to , the remaining / rest of all the figures (the other figures) did not indicate/ display/ show a noticeable increase or decrease; on the other hand/ in contrast,…From not only what was demonstrated in the picture but also what has been mentioned/specified or described earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that there is (seems/appears to be用seem/appear不能用clearly) a tendency which is on the (gradual/ remarkable) increase/ decline (of object)….流程图:As can be seen/ shown from the picture/ flow chart, it illustrates/ shows explicitly/obviously X. There are some conditions/materials given in the picture…. The general process which concerns/ involves several/some cycles will be described/ conveyed as follows.In the first stage,…Next is the second stage in which…After that we have the third stage where…Finally in Stage Four…From not only what was demonstrated/showed in the picture but also what has been mentioned earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that only in this way or by this kind of process can (subject: Oil)… be made or produced.Task 2:1 - Side:There, nowadays/ at the present/ currently, exists a heated/ hotly debated discussion on …(Title).Some people maintained the idea that,…Unfortunately, other people hold the opinion that… I back/support/side with/take the side of/ do (dis)agree with the idea that…(直接)/ I share the idea with the former/latter, which is that…(间接).One (dis)advantage which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that…In fact…Let us take one example/ for example/instance… Let us have another example…. Let us give/ render/ present/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ show still another example…Explicitly/ clearly/ apparently/ indeed/ undoubtedly….Another negative/positive side which must be considered/ given consideration to is that…As a matter of fact… For example….Take the as another example… Take it as a case in point…It is self-evident that…. One /The first/ The main reason which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that… Another/ The second factor which must be given consideration to is that…. Still another/ the third rationale which we must attach importance/attention to is that….2 - Side:At present there is a hot topic which never ever fails to provoke a heated discussion on….Some are firmly in favor of the opinion or notion that…does great harm to …. Yet others/ other people are firmly assured/fully convinced that…Before my opinion is given or presented it would be better for me to discuss/have a detailed discussion on both sides as follows.We should highlight the notion that…since there are several reasons for us to say that. One reason.... Another reason… (Facts stated/ Example given可以参照前面一分法的模板斜体字部分) From what has been mentioned before/previously/initially, it can be seen explicitly that…Seemingly/ Unfortunately, we should rethink the idea that……… (Facts stated/ Examples given). So it can be seen explicitly or self-evident that…Personally I am strongly in support of the idea or the circumstance that… (Solution: It is about time that…did …. Only in this way can …)Problem – Solution Pattern:首段末段与1/2分法类似,中间两段陈述理由,举例,如:One/ the first/main reason that can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is …. To start/begin with …In addition …Furthermore/What is more….(Let us take one example…Let us have another example…….) It is clear/evident that ….Another/the second reason that must be considered/given consideration to is… In the first place …. In the second place/next place …. Then … Finally… From what has been mentioned previously, we can see very clearly/explicitly that….写作真题(选择一些常考题,可平时模拟练习,具体请参考雅思机井)050108IeltsA Task 2: We can get knowledge from news, but some people think we can’t trust the journalist. What‟s your opinion? And what do you think is the important qualities that a journalist should have?050122IeltsA Task 2: The recent figure of crimes committed by the young people is increasing in major cities throughout the world. Discuss what the possible reasons for this problem are and how to solve it.050219IeltsA Task 2: Leisure is a growing industry. Nowadays, more modern technology used in entertainment. This may lead people to less creative. Do you agree or disagree?050226IeltsA Task 2: Nowadays people perform the everyday task such as banking, shopping as well as business transaction, without meeting person face to face. What are the possible social effects upon the individual and society as a whole?050312IeltsA Task 2: It is generally believed that education is of vital important to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions?050402IeltsA Task 2: The pressure upon the school and university students is increasing and students are pushed to work too hard for their young age. Do you think it is positive or negative for their development?050416IeltsA Task 2: The advantages of the spread of English as a global language will continue to outweigh its disadvantages. To what extent do you agree or disagree?050709IeltsA Task 2: Some people think that the government should pay for health care and education, but other people think that it is nor government‟s responsibility. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.050806IeltsA Task 2: Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away”culture, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. To what extent do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem?好词好句A. Classification of Topic Area s—社会是一个更加概括的词,表示的也许是在一个国家的人民及他们相互间的关系。
环球雅思写作笔记

写作笔记评分标准:一、审题二、描述(主要指小作文,小作文不可以添加任何评论性言语)三、论点、论证能力(大作文的论点控制在2-3个左右)四、清晰的表达能力大作文结构:开头段落(50个字左右):背景信息(2-3句话)个人观点(个人观点控制在一句话左右,务必简单明确)个人观点分为三种:同意反对中立(完全中立和偏向性中立)主体段落(150个字左右):2-3个自然段每个自然段:开头第一句话为主题句第二句话至末尾为论述句结尾段落(50个字左右):suggestion or restatement 建议或者重述(3-4句话) 主流题型:PROBLEM/SOLUTION1、Beginning: Background InformationYour Opinion(概括)Body:问题以及解决方法分别陈列P1 P2 P3 …S1 S2 S3Conclusion: Restatement(重申时不要引出新话题)2、Beginning:同上Body:每个问题各写一段进行详细陈述P1 P2 P3Conclusion:总写解决方案S1 S2 S3例子:课本24页Nowadays, more and more children are becoming obese. Give possible reasons and suggestions.AGREE OR DISAGREE/ADVANTAGE OR DISADVANTAGEBeginning: Background InformationYour Opinion(中立具有偏向性)Body: 三分之一篇幅写与自己相反的观点三分之二篇幅写与自己相同的观点先写反,后写正,中间一行过渡段。
Conclusion: Suggestion例子:课本37页Some people think stricter punishment for driving offenders is the only effective way to improve safety on the roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree?主流话题:年轻人(30102,P6)It is right that university graduates should earn higher salary than less well-educated members. But they should pay all the full cost. To what extent you agree or disagree?女性话题(90 P3)A recent research indicated that the rate of crimes committed by young females has been on the rise all over the world. Please give some possible reasons for this sudden increase in crime rate. Also, make some suggestions on how to deal with this social phenomenon.公众类话题(08奥运,体育91 P3)Last year many famous sports professionals earned millions of dollars each. On the other hand, most people in some “ordinary” professions like nurses, doctors and teachers earn only a small fraction of the incomes of these “start”. What do you think about sports stars receiving very high salaries? Is it fair that people with jobs that directly help people are paid much less?科技类话题(98 P4)传统科技模式与现代科技模式的冲突Some people say that the age of book is over and all information will be presented by video, computer, television, film, etc. However, others think that books and the written words will still be necessary for spreading information and completing education. What is your opinion about this issue?环境类话题(79 P3)Waste disposal presents increasing problems, especially in the urban areas of most big cities. Do you think it is true? Give some suggestions for the government and individuals on how to reduce the amount of rubbish.教育类话题(119 P5)In most universities there are a very small number of male students in certain majors like tourism while females students in many science subjects are hard to be found. Therefore, some people think that universities should enroll equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Give your reasons.媒体类话题(30109 P6)The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this issue?国家类话题(100 P4)(110 P5)Many people think that countries in the world have a moral obligation to help each other, while others argue that financial aid to poor countries is often misspent by the governments that receive it. Discuss both viewpoints and give your opinion.(30106 旅游重点)Nowadays, international tourism is the biggest industry in the world. Unfortunately, international tourism creates tension rather than understanding between people form different cultures. To what extent do you agree or disagree?当一个考题涉及一个事物的两个侧面,写作原则必须是中立带有偏向性的观点。
【参考文档】雅思考试学习策略笔记-范文word版 (2页)

【参考文档】雅思考试学习策略笔记-范文word版
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雅思考试学习策略笔记
一、 LISTENING
1、(5-6分):反复听,模仿,换角度欣赏---口语材料,注意音标,边听
边写。
2、(7分) :用研究的眼光。
(1)从口语的角度研究,在听的时候,作下观察笔记--就地点、人物、话题、用了什么样的词汇、使用了什么样的句子;
(2)对话的考点和题眼。
3、(8分) : IELTS 听力理解(10套题)及初级,中级听力教材。
二、 READING
1、词汇:突破记忆(7000词汇左右)
滚动式记忆法:每天只记忆固定的半个小时,反复记忆很多次(7次为佳),第二天,首先回忆一次前一天记的,每周最后一天,不记新单词,只需重复会
议一个星期记过的所有单词。
巩固加深印象。
2、复杂句子结构:(一般2遍仍看不懂的,为复杂句子,归纳有40--200
个复杂句)
语法--非谓语动词,不定式, vn , v - ing , v - p )
--复合句(各类从句)
建议参考张道真和薄冰的语法书
三、 WRITING
考察书面英语的表达能力
有两大误区:。
2018年7月雅思阅读重点笔记整理(1)

2018年7月雅思阅读重点笔记整理(1)今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家带来的是2018年7月雅思阅读重点笔记整理(1)的相关资讯,备考的烤鸭们,赶紧来看看吧!一、体裁:说明文两篇,议论文一篇,涉及政治、种族、宗教类的体裁不考。
二、核心思路(core thoughts)define keywords scanning understandingl keywords:题干中出现的人名、地名、时间、专有名词、数字、斜体字、连字符、所有格’s、长相怪异的词或词组。
2 原则:唯一à快速à大到小定位3 把握文章结构三、reading methods1. 用20秒通览3个passage(体裁、题目),分配做题时间2. 从第1篇文章开始titleàquestion types读题目1~2分钟,通览文章7~8分钟,做题10~12分钟(一定要保证做题时间)3. 如何阅读:通览文章7~8分钟重点读首句,其他快速浏览(skim)四、reading factor1. vocabulary:CET-4 4200(6~7)àCET-6 5500 (6~7.5)àIELTS 7000(6~8.5)2. grammar: 非谓语动词和从句3. reading habits(1) no sound:也不能默读,3~5个词/意群如何克服默读的习惯A.多做精读a.做题b.查为什么错c.查不懂的问题d.非默读状态(将文章看到3遍以上时的阅读速度)B.将书拿得远些(2) NO dictionary:构词法记单词(3) Underline some important wards:最高级、否定词提前的句子(强调)、first、only(4) Skim:注意以下符号””表猜测:表结论—和()表解释说明$ 数字(5) Understanding rather than translating如上就是三立网课教育小编为大家带来的2018年7月雅思阅读重点笔记整理(1)的相关资讯,掌握最新雅思资讯,敬请关注(三立在线教育雅思网)更多雅思考试资讯以及备考资料免费领!。
环球雅思高分周末班课堂笔记_IELTS考试技巧

高分周末班课堂笔记(学术类)Reading/Listening评分标准表:5.5 19-226.0 23-266.5 27-297.0 30-317.5 32-348.0 35-368.5 37-389.0 39-40Writing20‟+40‟2种写法:段首顶格,段与段间隔一行(better) / 段首空4个英文字符段与段不空行Task 120分钟内写完分清什么图----找研究对象----2大审题方法Picture常考:A. Line graph / Curve chart 曲线图Bar chart / Column diagram 柱形/条形图Pie chart 饼图B. Flow chart 流程图一般分3段,尽可能用被动语态,不用第一人称A时态:Part 1 Simple Present(现在所见的)Part 2 Simple past (the changes itself in the past)Part 3 Simple present (现在所看到的趋势)Basic Pattern:连接手段必须有“如图所示”;四大要素,首段末句点题Part 1 4 major factors: pictures, objects, time, and dataPart 2 4 changes (textual level) + 6 comparisons (sentence level)Part 3 小结+趋势(上升或下降)4 changes: 升降波平6 comparisons:分比;比率;倍;分(1/3);数值;排位place, positionBFlow chart: 一般现在时,中间多用被动语态Part 1 2-3 major factors: pictures, objects, given conditions, (materials given)Part 2 Process described: Passive被动(with connectives: step / stage)Part 3 Result indicated两大审题方法:切割分析法就明显的曲线形状进行切割分段(2条线不在一条直线上,2条线不属于同类变化);迅速标上段号和点号,点>段(如下图,4点3段)1 2 3 4简易图示法如:3块饼图,每块有ABCD4个对象,则分别对这4个对象进行分析,看其各在1-2,2-3图中的变化趋势(上升或下降)Task 2 40分钟完成高分词汇:AA,AB重现;连字符词语: win-win situation; 名词化短语;一词多义的单词:bridge n. / vt. Brave adj. / vt. 勇敢面对六大结构:后置定语;排比句not only… but also…等;同位语;名词性从句;虚拟语气;否定兼倒装:Only in this way can we…; Not only verb + subjectFirst and Last注意首句和末句;首段和末段;每段的首句和末句五种题型:(1side一分写法,正或反面选其一;2side两分写法,正反面都要写,易拿高分)Do you agree /disagree? What is your opinion? (1/2-side)观点性辩论文To what extent do you agree or disagree? (1/2-side)Discuss both sides… (2-side)现象/说明性论述文Problem-Solution (Why-Because, Causes-Effects) (2-side)General-Particular (2-side)1 辩论文(一分法/二分法)一分法完全赞成/反对Part 1 我同/反间接或直接点题Part 2 同/反1同/反2 理由,举例Part 3 我同/反二分法7-8分1 2 3Part 1 我同/反/中立间接点题Part 2 同同反反反同Part 3 我同/我反/中立我同我反3种写法:势均力敌同=反先扬后抑同>反先抑后扬同<反第一种“同=反”比较难写,不要轻易尝试Part 1 首段末句必须中立点题Part 2 中间部分必须互反:利弊,迟早,新旧,今昔对比互反Part 3 末段首句必须明确表态(赞成/反对)2.论述文Question-Answer PatternPart 1 WhatPart 2 Why1Why2Part 3 How常考话题:新技术,电脑代替传统的工具等;教育;环境资源;家庭;交通;政府资助Speaking尽量多说复杂句,定语从句,虚拟语气等1. General topics 4-5min “warm-up” familiar topics个人情况等等强调adj. Adv. Number. negative名词动词比喻修饰广东大学论坛/最新雅思大作文不变应万变语篇通式Mighty Writing[Given Info Analysed on the Textual and lexical Levels]:[Chinese Version]:[English Version]:Analysed and Written by Prof HAN Pinyu in Nanjing Global IELTS School, on April 2, 2007 Writing 写作模板最好不要全部照搬,有能力自己做点修改,使其个性化很大程度上:to a large extent, in a great/large degree, for the most part很小程度上:to some extent, in some degree, for some part/partly/in part流程图:As can be seen/ shown from the picture/ flow chart, it illustrates/ shows explicitly/obviously X. There are some conditions/materials given in the picture…. The general process which concerns/ involves several/some cycles will be described/ conveyed as follows.In the first stage,…Next is the second stage in which…After that we have the third stage where…Finally in Stage Four…From not only what was demonstrated/showed in the picture but also what has been mentioned earlier in the passage, it can be seen very clearly that only in this way or by this kind of process can (subject: Oil)… be made or produced.广东大学论坛/Task 2:1 - Side:There, nowadays/ at the present/ currently, exists a heated/ hotly debated discussion on …(Title).Some people maintained the idea that,…Unfortunately, other people hold the opinion that… I back/support/side with/take the side of/ do (dis)agree with the idea that…(直接)/ I share the idea with the former/latter, which is that…(间接).One (dis)advantage which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that…In fact…Let us take one example/ for example/instance… Let us have another example…. Let us give/ render/ present/ illustrate/ demonstrate/ show still another example…Explicitly/ clearly/ apparently/ indeed/ undoubtedly….Another negative/positive side which must be considered/ given consideration to is that…As a matter of fact… For example….Take the as another example… Take it as a case in point…It is self-evident that…. One /The first/ The main reason which can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is that… Another/ The second factor which must be given consideration to is that…. Still another/ the third rationale which we must attach importance/attention to is that….2 - Side:At present there is a hot topic which never ever fails to provoke a heated discussion on….Some are firmly in favor of the opinion or notion that…does great harm to …. Yet others/ other people are firmly assured/fully convinced that…Before my opinion is given or presented it would be better for me to discuss/have a detailed discussion on both sides as follows.We should highlight the notion that…since there are several reasons for us to say that. One reason.... Another reason… (Facts stated/ Example given可以参照前面一分法的模板斜体字部分) From what has been mentioned before/previously/initially, it can be seen explicitly that…Seemingly/ Unfortunately, we should rethink the idea that……… (Facts stated/ Examples given). So it can be seen explicitly or self-evident that…Personally I am strongly in support of the idea or the circumstance that… (Solution: It is about time that…did …. Only in this way can …)Problem – Solution Pattern:首段末段与1/2分法类似,中间两段陈述理由,举例,如:One/ the first/main reason that can be clear/obvious/explicit to everyone is …. To start/begin with …In addition …Furthermore/What is more….(Let us take one example…Let us have another example…….) It is clear/evident that ….Another/the second reason that must be considered/given consideration to is… In the first place …. In the second place/next place …. Then … Finally… From what has been mentioned previously, we can see very clearly/explicitly that….好词好句A. Classification of Topic Area s—社会是一个更加概括的词,表示的也许是在一个国家的人民及他们相互间的关系。
101816-英语-雅思-备考资料-0813阅读福利课第三讲主要内容及笔记总结

阅读福利课第三讲:-本节课的主要内容1. 段落中心题介绍及做题方法讲解2. 段落中心题练习及讲解3. 匹配题介绍及做题方法讲解4. 常见的匹配题练习及讲解①List of headings: 段落中心题-一般出在文章前面,作为第一种题型-要求:阅读自然段,选出中心思想-乱序-只针对一篇出题-难度:五颗星-考察学生能力:读懂一个自然段并归纳-出现概率高-若不出这种题目则会出paragraph matching-不能随便蒙,会有连锁错误-注意事项:1)划掉例子中的heading,不可再选2)拿不准的先放弃,难题最后做3)优先做细节题,如true/false/not given或者summary等List of headings: 段落中心题-做题方法:1.中心句法:基础较好的同学,中心句明显的时候2.关键词法:基础薄弱的同学,对自然段没有印象,中心句不明显寻找中心句:-什么是中心句?注意:每个自然段的中心句=heading对中心句的同义改写-中心句的特点:(主要这三种)1.自然段首句的总结2.举例前的观点句(for example)3.转折词所在的句子(however, but)-List of headings做题方法一:中心句法做题方法①:-1. 划出每一段的首句,认真精读首句-2. (除了首句外,还可以考虑)划出for example前面的那一句话以及however所在的句子-3. 与heading进行同义替换-List of headings做题方法二:关键词法1.划出heading的keywords,看在哪个自然段出现率最高2.Keywords在某个自然段只出现一次的情况不可选3.Keywords出现两次以上(含同义词),可选-注意:这个方法有不全面的地方,因为有可能一个自然段的确出现了关键词几次,但是却与heading不匹配,这时候需要和中心句对应法所结合。
-两个方法相结合,效果最好。
-正式做题:1.划出每一段的首句、或者for example前面的观点句以及however所在的句子2.划出heading中所有的定位词,并在原文圈出来尽量两个方法相结合。
环球雅思杨帆老师课堂笔记写作篇Task2 Essay

环雅课堂笔记(写作篇T ask2 Essay)字数250字以上300字以下✓Argumentation 辩论性题目的结构(括号里的可写可不写)◆一边倒结构开头段3—5句有以下三种方法,选择自己会运用的任何一种1.(1句背景)+双方观点+说出自己的观点(+引起下文)2.(2句背景)+对方观点以及一到两个理由+说出自己的观点(+引起下文)3.3句左右的背景句+说出自己的观点理由段2—3段(共12句左右)结构为:主题句(1句)+支持句(3句左右)结尾段1—5句结构为:重申自己的观点+重申观点的理由+(写点别的)◆对称结构一般会写4段开头段2—4句以下两种方法任选一种1.(1句背景)+双方观点+引起下文(不需要说出自己的观点)2.3句左右背景理由段第2段和第3段结构为:1句概述+3*2(3个理由句后面分别跟2句支持句)结尾段3—5句不能太短以下方式任选一种1.说出自己的观点,站到一方,同意第三段的观点,然后必须各用一句话改写第三段中的每个理由。
2.说出自己的观点,采取折中方案,认为双方观点可有利弊,分别适合不同的情况。
3.●一边倒结构PK对称式结构所有的辩论性题目都能使用对称式结构,有些辩论性题目不能使用一边倒结构(如下)阴影部分的题目只能使用对称结构,非阴影部分题目两种结构都可以。
1.(To what extent)do you agree or disagree?2. What is your opinion?对称结构比一边倒结构好写,但是一边倒结构加0.5分3. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of sth?5. Do you think the advantages of sth outweigh its disadvantages?✓Explanation 解释型题目的结构◆结构一:基本同一边倒结构开头段3句左右背景句+1—2句引起下文的句子理由段(1—3段)每段结构为:1个主题句+3个支持句解决方法1—2句概述+2—3解决办法每个解决办法写上1—2句◆结构二:基本同对称式结构写4段或者3段开头段3句左右背景句理由段1句概述+3*2解决方法1句概述+3*2结尾段:0—3句均可●解释型题目的结构一PK结构二1.所有的解释型题目都能使用结构一,少数解释型题目只问原因没问解决办法的不能使用结构二。
Joydrn环球雅思高分周末班课堂笔记 IELTS考试技巧-推荐下载

2. 地图题: 找箭头,读参照物,绝对+相对,形状+大小:square, round, circle, sphere...
3. 主观题:pre: 划路标词 找“关系”: 并列:and, 并列符号 因果:for, so…
路标词后,注意:语音,语调:降调,重读,被重复;空格前后的单词;下一题的路标词 记录,不要拼写单词 注意格式:名词 : 单复数,大小写
次重点: 图表, SAQ, SC, Matching
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教主雅思阅读真经总纲笔记

教主雅思阅读真经材料主要是剑789阅读分为四种题型1、单词题(最简单:summary,流程图,填空,填句)2、句子题T/F和选择(中等难度:判断题和选择题)3、段落题Heading题(最难的,归纳中心思想)4、匹配题Matching题(有诀窍,并不难)前两种直拳,第3种还我漂亮拳,第4种面目全非掌无标题的文章很可能出标题题:末段+大意(把题干读一遍)!!雅思文章首段不是最重要段落,末段和第二段才是最重要的!!!防盗版内容:Before群里去背单词During 助教讲部分内容After 模考如何提升阅读速度1扩大视距:把单词变为意群,不要默读2跳读和变速:重点读认识的单词,读得懂的读慢,读不懂的读快题干3类词汇如果任意打开一篇题干13道题不认识的有3个及以上,阅读词汇需补充三大类:主题词不认识没关系模板词如account /reference/ mention在阅读题干中就是“描述”之义,毫无意义,不需要去特别记(拿任何一本剑桥,把题干中所有不认识的词记下来)考点词如resemble考点词真经很重要,要背3类关键词问题:三大类:眼球级朴素级普通动词、名词、形容词逻辑关系词并列(重大考点)、转折、因果总纲标注法:(做真题时做这个工作)画出题干和原文所有对应之处(同义替换)要用此法做真题练习精细理解力句子题段落题匹配题为什么不要精读?而要快速阅读和对比阅读首先就要背考点词,才能敏感地找到同义替换按总纲标注法做文章填空题考察的不是空格而是空格前后的同义替换如果找不到替换,关键词的本行和上下行,找不认识的词。
(词汇量低合适)如果几个词都对,选最具体的Sth. Is valued greatly所以先做细节题,再做heading题(细节题包括summary填空题、T/F题、选择题)两种题后做:matching和heading千万不要为了一道题,去再次看全文多选题Factors contributing to /contributing factors多选一定原文是并列,肯定在某一段落里,不可能在全文并列T/F/NG题一般一套题有12个这样的题T题:70%有三组以上的同义替换。
2018年7月雅思阅读重点笔记整理(4)

2018年7月雅思阅读重点笔记整理(4)今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家带来的是2018年7月雅思阅读重点笔记整理(4)的相关资讯,备考的烤鸭们,赶紧来看看吧!九、电影学习推荐1.看生活片,看三遍才能有提高第一遍:打开中文字幕,看懂情节第二遍:关掉字幕,练听力第三遍:打开英文字幕,摘抄好句型推荐Forrest Gump, Pretty Women, BJ单身日记,初恋50次,我最好朋友的婚礼,Sleepless in Seattle十、homework(一)机经、预测多看文章背景描述,不要背答案(二)泛读1.内容(一定要看special report,top story),(today’s news),(看科学类文章),(难度略高于IELTS,每天看10min,如有讲义上题材认真看。
其他看自己有兴趣的)2.如何泛读把握文章结构大意,留意难句理解,一遍足够(三)精读1.四步(1)快速泛读一遍(2)看错题(3)背单词(结合文章)(4)重读文章并理解难句2.内容P10,13,15,18,68,106,131,171,135,139,155,163,167,170 要对数字敏感十一、复习计划(一)考前一个月第一周:每天2篇精读(30’/篇)第二周:复习讲义、笔记,IELTS 2另两套题(G类也做)第三周IELTS 3(4套A类阅读),单词(自己熟的书),语法第四周IELTS 4(4套题)+全攻略考前:周五早1000~1100做IELTS 第3套题不能休息和偷懒,找一个做体平衡点去无忧雅思网刊最近考了哪6篇文章(二)两个月后考试IELTS 3精练(2遍),IELTS 4考前做,雅思阅读真经长期:词汇、语法(系统看)如上就是三立网课教育小编为大家带来的2018年7月雅思阅读重点笔记整理(4)的相关资讯,掌握最新雅思资讯,敬请关注(三立在线教育雅思网)更多雅思考试资讯以及备考资料免费领!。
环球雅思中小学-托福阅读必须要知道的句子(含答案)

必须要知道的几个句子(包括译文)1. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.2. But it will be the driver's responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.3. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it.4. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.5. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could he slowed down.6. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.7. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character.8. Contraction of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.9. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.10. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.11. We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you.12. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.13. We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, t each them in all we know, and make men of them.14. In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the earth's postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day.15. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives. We are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem.16. Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.17. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.18. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface.19. The first time that the question "What is at the bottom of the oceans?" had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed.20. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.21. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers.22. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs.23. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities.24. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.25. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.26. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.27. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively.28. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?29. It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil? s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’ s deep feelings.30. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.31. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater.32. The release of t he carbon in these compounds for recycling depends almost entirely on the action of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and certain types of fungi.33. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a mouse era and a major who says that they haven’t.34. They are trying to find out whether there is something about the way we t each language to children which infact prevents children from learning sooner.35. Mathematicians who have tried to u se the computers to copy the way the brain works have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer which weighed over 10,000 kilos.36. Since different people like to do so many different things in their spare time, we could make along list of hobbies, taking in everything from collecting matchboxes and raising rare fish, to learning about t he stars and making model ships.37. They know that a seal swimming under the ice will keep a breathing hole open by its warm breath, so they will wait beside the hole and k ill it.38. We may be able to decide whether someone is white only by seeing if they have none of the features that would mark them clearly as a member of another race.39. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business and government seem much more numerous in years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?40. It is not quite a matter of disagreeing with the theory of independence, but of rejecting its implications: that the romances may be taken in any or no particular order, that they have no cumulative effect, and that they are as separate as the works of a modern novelist.41. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Black s in the United States, but his definiti on of racial prejudice as “racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race i n any given region of ethnic competition,” can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.42. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of and so was crucial in sustaining —the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.43. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, o rganizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on ,is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.44. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare c learly where they stand on violence towards people.45. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types, however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits.46. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view.47. The result of attrition is that, where the areas of the whole leaves follow a normal distribution, a bimodal distribution is produced, one peak composed mainly offragmented pieces, the other of the larger remains.48. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable difference of opinion.49. A survey conducted in Britain confirmed that an abnormally high percentage of patients suffering from arthritis of the spine who had been treated with X rays contracted cancer.50. Yet across the gulf of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool and unsympathetic, regarded this earth with envious eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us.51. Even the doctoral degree, long recognized as a required” union card" in the academic world, has come under severe criticism as the pursuit of learning for its own sake and the accumulation of knowledge without immediate application to a professor's classroom duties.52. While a selection of necessary details is involved in both, the officer must remain neutral and clearly try to pre sent a picture of the facts, while the artist usually begins with a preconceived message or attitude which is then transmitted through the use of carefully selected details of action described in words intended to provoke associations and emotional reactions in the reader.53. Articles in the popular press even criticize the Gross National Production (GNP) because it is not such a complete index of welfare, ignoring, on the one hand, that it was never intended to be, and suggesting, on the other, that with appropriate changes it could be converted into one.54. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneuaral correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.55. The Chinese have distributed publications to farmers and other rural residents instructing them in what to watch for their animals so that every household can join in helping to predict earthquakes.56. Supporters of the Star Wars defense system hope that this would not only protect a nation against an actual nuclear attack, but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from ever happening.57. Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers, whose flights are within the Earth's atmosphere, from hit ting their targets.58. Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.59. During the nineteenth century, she argues, the concept of the "useful" child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually to the present day notion of the "useless" child who, though producing no income for, and indeed extremely costly to its parents, is yet considered emotionally “priceless".60. Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800's, this new view of childhood spread throughout society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicted in part on the assumption that a child's emotional value made child labor taboo.61. Of course, it would be as dangerous to overreact to history by concluding that the majority must now be wrong about expansion as it would be to re-enact the response that greeted the suggestion that the continents had drifted.62. While the f act of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effect of the new demand for luxuries?63. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced whatmanufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what.64. With respect to their reasons for immigrating, Grassy does not deny their frequently noted fact that some of the immigrants of the 1630’s, most notably the organizers and clergy, advanced religious explanations for departure, but he finds that such explanations usually assumed primacy only in retrospect.65. If we take the age—and sex-specific unemployment rates that existed in 1956 (when the overall unemployment rate was 4. 1 percent) and weight them by the age-and sex-specific shares of the labor force that prevail currently, t he overall unemployment rate becomes 5 percent.66. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “step up”toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.67. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large, however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy’s larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.68. However, when investment flows primarily in one direction, as it generally does from industrial to developing countries, the seemingly reciprocal source-based restrictions produce revenue sacrifices primarily by the state receiving most of the foreign investment and producing most of the income—namely, the developing country partner.69. The pursuit of private interests with as little interference as possible from government was seen as the road to human happiness and progress rather than the public obligation and involvement in the collective community that emphasized by the Greeks.70. The defense lawyer relied on l ong-standing principles governing the conduct of prosecuting attorneys: as quasi-judicial officers of the court they are under a duty not to prejudice a party’s case through overzealous prosecution or to detract from the impartiality of courtroom atmosphere.71. No prudent person dared to act on the assumption that, when the continent was settled, one government could include the whole; and when the vast expense broke up, as seemed inevitable, into a collection of separate nations, only discord, antagonism, and wars could be expected.72. If they were right in thinking that the next necessity in h uman progress was to lift the average person upon an intellectual and social level with the most favored, they stood at least three generations nearer than Europe to that goal.73. Somehow he knows that if our huckstering civilization did not at every moment violate the eternal fitness of things, the poet’ s song would have been given to the world, and the poet would have been cared for by the whole human brotherhood, as any man should be who does the duty that every man owes it.74. The instinctive sense of the dishonor which money-purchase does to art is so strong that sometimes a man of letters who can pay his way otherwise refuses pay for his work, as Lord Byron did, for a while, from a noble pride, and as Count Tolstoy has tried to do, from a noble conscience.75. Perhaps he believed that he could not criticize American foreign policy without endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal government.76. Abraham Lincoln, who presided in his stone temple on August 28, 1963 above the childrenof the slaves he emancipated (解放), may have used just the right words to sum up the general reaction to the Negroes’ m assive march on Washington.77. In the Warren Court era, voters asked the Court to pass on issues concerning the size and shape of electoral districts, partly out of desperation because no other branch of government offered relief, and partly out of hope that the Court would reexamine old decisions in this area as it had in others, looking at basic constitutional principles in the light of modern living conditions.78. Some even argue plausibly that this weakness may be irremediable: in any society that, likea capitalist society, seeks to become ever wealthier in material terms disproportionate rewards are bound to flow to the people who are instrumental in producing the increase in its wealth. 79. This doctrine has broadened the application of the Fourteenth Amendment to other, nonracial forms of discrimination, for while some justices have refused to find any legislative classification other than race to be constitutionally disfavored, most have been receptive to arguments that at least some nonracial discriminations, sexual discrimination in particular, are “suspect”a nd deserve this heightened scrutiny by the courts.80. But as cameras become more sophisticated, more automated, some photographers are tempted to disarm themselves or to suggest that they are not really armed, preferring to submit themselves to the limits imposed by premodern camera technology because a cruder, less high-powered machine is thought to give more interesting or emotive results, to have more room for creative accident.81. Both novelists use a storytelling method that emphasizes ironic disjunctions between different perspectives on the same events as well as ironic tensions that inhere in the relationship between surface drama and concealed authorial intention, a method I call an evidentiary narrative technique.82. When black poets are discussed separately as a group, for instance, the extent to which their work reflects the development of poetry in g eneral should not be forgotten, or a distortion of literacy history may result.83. These differences include the bolder and more forthright speech of the later generation and its technical inventiveness.84. But black poets were not battling over old or new rather, one accomplished Black poet was ready to welcome another, whatever his or her style, for what mattered was racial pride.85. Tolstoy reversed all preconceptions and in every reversal he overthrew the “system”, the “machine”, the externally ordained belief, the conventional behavior in favor of unsystematic, impulsive life, of inward motivation and the solutions of independent thought.86. It was better covered by television and press than any event here since President Kennedy’s inauguration, and, since indifferent is almost as great a problem to the Negro as hostility, this wasa plus.87. But do not the challenge and the excitement of the critical problem as such lie in that ambivalence of attitude which allows us to recognize the intelligence and even the splendor of Meredith’s work, while, at the same time, we experience a lack of sympathy, a failure of any enthusiasm of response?88. In this respect she resembled one of her favorite contemporaries, Mary Brinton, who would rather have “glided through the world unknown” than been suspected of l iterary airs—to be shunned, as literary w omen are, by the more pretending of their own sex, and abhorred, as literary women are, b y the more pretending of the other!89. From those sounds which we hear o n small or on coarse occasions, we do not easily receive strong impressions, or delightful images; and words to which we are nearly strangers, whenever they occur, draw that attention on themselves which they should transmit to things. 90. To proceed thus is to set up a fivefold hypothesis that enables you to gather from the innumerable items cast up by the sea of experience upon the shores of your observation only the limited number of relevant data—relevant, that is, to one or more of the five factors of your hypothesis.91. As an author, I am naturally concerned that a surprisingly large percentage of the population of the United States is functionally i lliterate; if they can’t read or cannot understand what they read, they won’ t buy books, or this magazine.92. They d o not know those parts of the doctrine which explain and justify the remainder; the considerations which show that a fact which seemingly conflicts with another is reconcilable with it, or that, of two apparently strong reason s, one and not the other ought to be preferred.93. Quite apart from the logistic problems, there existed a well-established tradition in Britain which refused to repatriate against their will people who found themselves in British hands and the nature of whose reception by their own government was, to say the least, dubious.94. An obsession with the exact privileges of a colonial legislature and the precise extent of Britain’ s imperial power, the specifics of a state constitution and the absolute necessity of a federal one, all expressed this urge for a careful articulation as proof that the right relationship with external powers did indeed prevail.95. One encyclopedia tells us that intelligence is related to the ability to learn, to the speed with which things are learned, to how well and how long ideas are remembered, to the ability to understand those ideas and use them in problem-solving, and to creativity.96. The event marked the end of an extended effort by William Barton Rogers, M .I. T. ‘s under and first president, to create a new kind of educational institution relevant to the times and to the contrary’s need, where young men and women would be educated in the application as well as the acquisition of knowledge.97. Each departmental program consists, in part of a grouping of subjects in the departme nt’s areas of professional interest and, in part, of additional opportunities for students of their choice.98. Alternatively, a student may use elective time to prepare for advanced study in some professional field, such as medicine or law, for graduate study in some area in which M. I. T. gives no undergraduate degree, such as meteorology or psychology, or for a dvanced study in an interdisciplinary field, such as astrophysics, communication science, or energy.99. While the undergraduate curriculum for an open Bachelor of Science degree, as listed by a department, may have its own unique features, each program must be laid out in consultation with a departmental representative to assure that it is meaningful in structure and challenging in content.100. Where previously it had concentrated on the big infrastructure projects such as dams, roads and bridges, it began to switch to projects which directly improved the basic services of a country.101. Thus in addition to the chances of going away from the right path outlined above, the scientific investigator s hares with the ordinary citizen the possibilities of falling into errors of reasoning in the ways we have just indicate d, and many others as well.102. He made a hole and peering through, could see jewelry, and other objects stacked in piles inthe shadows that extended beyond the beam of light penetrating the interior.103. Neither Ayat nor the Rassoul brothers noticed, however, that most of the pieces they were selling were of a type not previously seen in the marketplace—pieces whose existence had been suspected but which had not yet been discovered by archaeologists.104. "The biggest construction project of this century", explained French President Francois Mitterrand in January, 1986 as he and then British prime minister Margaret Thatcher jointly announced that the two countries would fin ally overcome ancient quarrels and prejudices and forge a link across the narrow Channel separating them.105. Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net (net phytoplankton), a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton(浮游植物群落)that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on, led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.106. The converse observation, of the absence of grazers (食草动物)in areas of high phytoplankton(浮游植物群落)concentration, led Hardy to propose his principle of animal exclusion , which hypothesized that phytoplankton produced a repellent(驱虫剂)that excluded grazers from regions of high phytoplankton concentration.107. Although these molecules allow radiation at visible at wave lengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated, to pass through, they absorb some of the longer-wavelength infrared emission(红外辐射)radiated from the Earth’s surface, radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.108. In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomer's Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism(超现实主义),does this technique provide a counter point to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression?109. Rosenblatt’s thematic analysis permits considerable objectivity; he even explicitly states that it is not his intention to judge the merit of the various works—yet his reluctance seems misplaced, especially since an attempt to appraise might have led to interesting results.110. Thus, for instance, it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom, but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin, magnetic dipole (磁性偶极子), and relativistic effects, and that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field theoretical equations (量子场论方程式). 111. Great comic artists assume that truth may bear all lights, and thus they seek to accentuate(强调)contradictions in social action, not gloss over or transcend them by appeals to extra social symbols of divine ends, cosmic purpose, or laws of nature.112. The hydrologic (水文地质的)cycle, a major topic in this science, is the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passes, beginning as atmospheric water vapor, passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation (降水量),thence along and into the ground surface, and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration( 散发).113. My point is that its central consciousness—its profound understanding of class and g ender as shaping influences on people’s lives—owes much to that earlier literary heritage, a heritage that, in general, has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics.114. In the early 1950’s historians w ho studies preindustrial Europe (which we may define here。
雅思培训笔记

Vocabulary Activities: Word Level
The verb consult means ‘to ask somebody for information’ or ‘to seek information in a book or other reference.’ The police consulted a doctor to learn about the effects of the drugs. I consulted my calendar to see when my dentist appointment was.
This is the only tutorial course for the vocabulary learning. You may book the entire course if you like. Time for enquiry on Vocabulary Course, Instant IELTS Course. Some information about next Demonstration.
I have never seen the word before. I have seen the word but am not sure what it means. I understand when I see or hear it in a sentence. I have tried to use this word, but I am not sure I am using it correctly. I use the word with confidence in either speaking or writing. I use the word with confidence, both in speaking and writing.
英语听课笔记范文10篇试卷讲解

英语听课笔记范文10篇试卷讲解英文回答:Topic 1: The Importance of Language Skills.In a globalized world, proficiency in multiple languages is essential for communication and understanding.Language skills open doors to new opportunities in business, education, and travel.Mastering different languages enables individuals to connect with people from diverse cultures, broadening their perspectives and fostering cultural sensitivity.Topic 2: Language Acquisition Strategies.Immersive techniques, such as living in a foreign country or participating in language exchange programs, provide a rich learning environment.Technology-aided methods, including language learning apps and software, offer convenience and accessibility.Consistent practice and exposure to the target language are crucial for developing fluency and confidence.Topic 3: The Benefits of Bilingualism.Bilingual individuals often exhibit enhanced cognitive abilities, such as improved memory and problem-solving skills.Studies have shown that bilingualism can delay the onset of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.It provides a competitive advantage in the job market and enhances career prospects.Topic 4: The Role of Culture in Language Learning.Understanding the cultural context of a language isvital for effective communication.Knowledge of customs, traditions, and values deepens language comprehension and facilitates cultural immersion.Cultural awareness fosters respect for diversity and promotes intercultural competence.Topic 5: The Importance of Motivation in Language Learning.Intrinsic motivation, driven by personal interest and enjoyment, is key to sustained learning.Extrinsic motivation, such as career goals or travel aspirations, can provide initial impetus.Setting realistic goals and celebrating progress helps maintain motivation over time.Topic 6: The Challenges of Language Learning.Differences in pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary can present obstacles.Cultural barriers and misconceptions can hinder language fluency and cultural understanding.Time constraints and lack of exposure opportunities can pose challenges.Topic 7: Strategies for Overcoming Language Learning Challenges.Break down language learning into smaller, manageable chunks.Seek support from language tutors or language exchange partners.Immerse yourself in the target culture through films, music, and literature.Embrace mistakes as opportunities for growth andlearning.Topic 8: The Importance of Language Fluency.Fluency allows for seamless communication and understanding.It enhances cultural immersion and facilitates deeper connections with native speakers.Proficiency in a language opens up a wider world of literature, media, and academic resources.Topic 9: The Role of Technology in Language Learning.Language learning apps and software provide interactive and user-friendly learning platforms.Online dictionaries and translation tools offer instant access to vocabulary and grammar information.Technology enhances the accessibility andeffectiveness of language learning.Topic 10: The Future of Language Learning.AI-powered language learning tools are expected to personalize and enhance the learning experience.Globalized online communities foster language exchange and cultural understanding.Language learning will remain an essential skill in a rapidly changing world.中文回答:主题 1,语言技能的重要性。
高三英语阅读技巧听课记录范文

高三英语阅读技巧听课记录范文In the English reading class for seniors, our teacher emphasized the importance of pre-reading strategies. Skimming through the text to understand the general idea is crucial before delving into details.Next, we learned about scanning for specific information. This technique is invaluable when answering questions that require finding exact details within the text. It saves time and increases accuracy.The class also covered the need for vocabulary expansion. Being familiar with a wide range of words helps in understanding complex sentences and enhances overall comprehension.Moreover, our teacher introduced us to the concept of making inferences. This skill is essential for interpreting implicit information and drawing conclusions that are not explicitly stated in the text.We practiced summarizing paragraphs, which is a skillthat helps in retaining the main points of a passage. This is particularly useful for essay writing and exams where summarizing is often required.Additionally, we were taught to question the author's purpose and perspective. Understanding the underlying messageand the writer's viewpoint can provide a deeper insight into the text.The class also focused on the importance of practice. Regular reading of various texts, including newspapers, novels, and academic articles, helps in developing a better grasp of different writing styles and structures.Lastly, our teacher encouraged us to reflect on our reading habits. Being aware of our strengths and weaknesses in reading can help us improve our strategies and become more efficient readers.。
雅思阅读听课笔记

1.Story time (why robins hop?)读故事,背单词。
协作练习,顺带点名2 unit7 strip down to bare happiness回顾前情Sara and Michael were fed up with their wasteful and busy life style so they changed their jobs and started a simple lifestyle.How did they make adjustment to the new lifestyle?3.课文讲述(11-13)The author found it hard to gather the resolve and courage to live a simple lifestyle.单词和语言点以及重要句子(大家自己找点词汇写写好了)11萨拉和迈克尔借给我一本手册,名为《营造简朴生活方式的99种方法》Sara and Michael lent me their copy of 99 Ways to a Simple Lifestyle,里面全是适用于任何生活状况的实用可行的建议a handbook of practical suggestions that can be applied to anyone’s living situation。
我仔细地阅读了I read it carefully,在一些方面我给自己打了高分giving myself high marks in some areas,而在另一些方面我为身上存在的社会所认可的不理智行为感到惊讶surprised at my socially sanctioned irrational behavior in others。
12那天晚上,我陪女儿去购物That night, accompanying my daughter on a shopping trip,碰巧看见一条和我们的厨房墙纸颜色匹配而价钱又不贵的擦手毛巾I came across an inexpensive hand towel that matched our kitchen wallpaper 和一双漂亮得难以抵挡其诱惑的“特价”凉鞋and a pair of “bargain” sandals toohandsome to resist。
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环球雅斯听课笔记雅斯阅读--张岳目标:阅读8分正确35道题十类关键词1)but however yet in fact on the contrary on the other hand conversely whileA butB A为正B一定为负反之亦然用此方法来判断文章的方向性P61 1computerised data storage and electronic mail were to have heralder the paperless office ,but ,contrary to expections , paper comsumption throughout the world shows no sign of abating .前面讲得是电子信息的储存和电子邮件的使用似乎预示的无纸化办公的到来,但是,和期望相反的是,世界范围俩的纸张消耗却灭有下降的趋势。
所以从A可以很容易推出B,从B也可以很容易推出A.节省时间,在遇到生单词和生句子时尤其有用。
2)although A, B A despite B A in spite of B A even if B albet=although虽然A和B的方向向反,但正面条件不影响负面结果的发生,负面条件也不影响正面结果的发生。
While ducks offer many advantages over hens ,they must be given greater quantity of food ,especially if regular eggs are desired .前面讲的是鸭子比母鸡有更多的优势,后面却说他们吃的东西更多。
方向性改变。
They had a wonderful holiday ,despite (介词) the bad weatherThey went our in spite of the rain .I like her even though she can be annoying sometimes .Albet I understand what you say ,I can not agree .3)andA andB A 和B的性质相同,从B向开始回来找AP 10The modrn city consists of monstrous edifices and of dark ,narrow streets full of petrol fumes and tocic gases ,torn by the noise of the taxical,lorries and buses,and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds.第一个and 连接的是of edifices 和 of streets 第二个and 连接的是fumes 和 gases 而第四个and 连接的是三个短语full of torn by throng4)A further more B more over besides in addition what’s moremore importantly递进关系递进处无转折后面承接上文I haven’t time to see the film—besides ,it’s hard dreadful interviews .5) 顺序first…then…next…later on…finallyfirstly…secondly…besides…in the first place…in the second place….6)特殊的关键词—人名地名时间数字生词–为最好的定位标准此时为A-A的重现即题目有A 原文中找到了相同的A7)比较级发现了比较级,在文中要找到比较的三要素—比较级比较点比较方向8)举例for example for instance 冒号破折号9)各段的首句10)因果的关系A becauseB A in that B A for B attribit A to BA为果B为因英语中习惯把结果放在前面as since therefore thus as a result consequently lead to contribute to create incur bring about contribute to affect influence impact effect阅读解题顺序1)skimming 略读文章的标题首句理解文章的大义方向2)reading questions intensively 精读文中题型的第一道题获前两道题(判断正负的题型)划出关键词3)scanning 回原文浏览找出三种关键词的语言重现(发现插入语就跳过)A—A 占到 50%A---B B是A的同义词因果关系的重现原文 A so B A为因B为果题目 B because …肯定就是A了4)reading 发现原文语言重现精读上下文理解含义分析语法得出结论5)reading questions intensively 当作完了n道题后就看n+1道题的题目然后再从3)开始进行循环阅读题型分析单项选择题类型补全句子的选择 P9回答问题类型的选择题 P35解题技巧 1.用排除法筛选出答案当能够判断题目中其他三个选项都是错误的时候即使没有充分的理由证明最后的选项在文章中是正确的,也选它了。
而对错的标准不来自自己的主观判断,而是于原文的接近程度。
2.题目选项中含有绝对词比较词的往往都不是答案例如all most no (not noe ) only must always often usuallyinvariably entirely largely greatly than要选科学的说法(此法只用于检验)some sometimes many might can=possibly could maybeprobably likely多项选择题备选项多于四个时,答案多为A-A(专业词汇)或A-B(常用的生活词汇)的重现技巧注意文章中的多项并列,段落的并列,各段的首句,过程,时间,空间的顺序题空题类型 1.无备选项的将原文中的一段归纳成一段话/ 将原文的几段进行改写hint 1)精读summary的首句,如果发现特殊关键词(人名,地名,时间,数字)便可以开始浏览了,如果首句十分概括,就读到第一个空格处,判断所缺成分的词性,及语法成分2.有备选项的先在备选项中挑出所有同性的元素,再根据含义进行筛选。
注意事项 1.找到summary的首句在原文中的起始位置是做题的关键,summary多为对原文的改写,多注意A-B的重现。
2.如果summary提到了原文中未提的结论,将其视为事实。
3.题空题的答案多为生词,出现了summary的段落没有其他的细节题了。
判断正误题TRUE/YES 多为A-B的重现,将原文进行了改写FALSE/NO 提干要和原文相反,产生矛盾NOT GIVEN 原文中根本没有提到(数字和比列没有必然的联系,不能因为A中的女生占班上学生数量的10% B中女生占90%,就说A的女生数量多于B)十条原则TRUE1)题干在用词结构,含义上都和原文一致2)题干和原文的含义相同,但用词结构不相同,呈A-B的重现3)题干是对原文的归纳和总结FALSE4)干和原文截然相反,有明显的矛盾5)题干和原文不符,但矛盾点含糊,多通过偷换概念而造成错误。
6)修饰成分不同(在范围程度数量频率等方面)7)原文提供了多种选择,而题干只提供了一种选择(多半有绝对词)NOT GIVEN8) 原文根本就没有提到题干的内容9)原文中陈述中的不到题干的明确的结论来10包含关系的两个概念中,原文指向较大的概念或方向,而题干中指向较小的概念或方向七条补充原则1)发现判断题,一次性记忆两道题。
2)发现绝对词或比较级,多选择非正确的(no/not given)3)如果题干是复合句(项补充说明的从句)一定要特别留意4)原来的题干上划去not 和原文一致就选yes 反之亦然5)原文 A+B=10 题目 B=5 选择 not given6)not given不占选项的大多数7)在题干的完成时态要特别注意图表题1)根据图表的已知结构及内部关系来逐层回原文找重现(因果递进或时空顺序)2)答案多为A-A的重现选择标题题型1)总+分There is no denying that ….It is widely believed that…It is essential that ….For example/instance…A good case in point is …筛选答案时要排除细节和新的概念;浏览全段,昨晚细节题在来归纳段意;之一选项题干的同义词及原文中反复提及的内容;P 139 H2)分+总“ ” quotation 引用if +条件when+条件 when表示如果this istherefore /thus P 22B3) 总+ 分+总4)新老观点型It is widely believed A …in that B rensently ,however C is accepted….前面说到了A,用B来解释,但后面马上提出了新观点C简答题型1)字数限制范围内回答问题,答案多为A-A的重现2)题目中的关键字是做题的关键,多为A-A,A-B的重现3)要注意名词的单复数,动词的时态,数字的单位(一定要保留)。