2015年12月大学英语四级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套)

合集下载

201512月大学英语六级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套)答案及解析

2015年12月大学英语六级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A., B., C. and D ), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A. Prepare for his exams.B. Catch up on his work.C. Attend the concert.D. Go on a vacation.2. A. Three crew members were involved in the incident.B. None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons.C. The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan.D. None of the passengers were injured or killed.3. A. An article about the election.B. A tedious job to be done.C. An election campaign.D. A fascinating topic.4. A. The restaurant was not up to the speakers' expectations.B. The restaurant places many ads in popular magazines.C. The critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant.D. Chinatown has got the best restaurants in the city.5. A. He is going to visit his mother in the hospital.B. He is going to take on a new job next week.C. He has many things to deal with right now.D. He behaves in a way nobody understands.6. A. A large number of students refused to vote last night.B. At least twenty students are needed to vote on an issue.C. Major campus issues had to be discussed at the meeting.D. More students have to appear to make their voice heard.7. A. The woman can hardly tell what she likes.B. The speakers like watching TV very much.C. The speakers have nothing to do but watch TV.D. The man seldom watched TV before retirement.8. A. The woman should have registered earlier.B. He will help the woman solve the problem.C ) He finds it hard to agree with what the woman says.D. The woman will be able to attend the classes she wants.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A. Persuade the man to join her company.B. Employ the most up-to-date technology.C. Export bikes to foreign markets.D. Expand their domestic business.10. A. The state subsidizes small and medium enterprises.B. The government has control over bicycle imports.C. They can compete with the best domestic manufacturers.D. They have a cost advantage and can charge higher prices.11. A. Extra costs might eat up their profits abroad.B. More workers will be needed to do packaging.C. They might lose to foreign bike manufacturers.D. It is very difficult to find suitable local agents.12. A. Report to the management.B. Attract foreign investments.C. Conduct a feasibility studyD. Consult financial experts.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A. Coal burnt daily for the comfort of our homes.B. Anything that can be used to produce power.C. Fuel refined from oil extracted from underground.D. Electricity that keeps all kinds of machines running.14. A. Oil will soon be replaced by alternative energy sources.B. Oil reserves in the world will be exhausted in a decade.C. Oil consumption has given rise to many global problems.D. Oil production will begin to decline worldwide by 2025.15. A. Minimize the use of fossil fuels.B. Start developing alternative fuels.C. Find the real cause for global warming.D. Take steps to reduce the greenhouse effect.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ), B ), C. and D ). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 71 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. The ability to predict fashion trends.B. A refined taste for artistic works.C. Years of practical experience.D. Strict professional training.17. A. Promoting all kinds of American hand-made specialties.B. Strengthening cooperation with foreign governments.C. Conducting trade in art works with dealers overseas.D. Purchasing handicrafts from all over the world.18. A. She has access to fashionable things.B. She is doing what she enjoys doing.C. She can enjoy life on a modest salary.D. She is free to do whatever she wants.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A. Join in neighborhood patrols.B. Get involved in his community.C. voice his complaints to the city council.D. Make suggestions to the local authorities.20. A. Deterioration in the quality of life.B. Increase of police patrols at night.C. Renovation of the vacant buildings.D. Violation of community regulations.21. A. They may take a long time to solve.B. They need assistance from the city.C. They have to be dealt with one by one.D. They are too big for individual efforts.22. A. He had got some groceries at a big discount.B. He had read a funny poster near his seat.C. He had done a small deed of kindness.D. He had caught the bus just in time.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A. Childhood and healthy growth.B. Pressure and heart disease.C. Family life and health.D. Stress and depression.24. A. It experienced a series of misfortunes.B. It was in the process of reorganization.C. His mother died of a sudden heart attack.D. His wife left him because of his bad temper.25. A. They would give him a triple bypass surgery.B. They could remove the block in his artery.C. They could do nothing to help him.D. They would try hard to save his life.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When thepassage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When most people think of the word "education," they think of a pupil as a sort of animate sausage casing. Into this empty casing, the teachers（26）stuff "education."But genuine education, as Socrates knew more than two thousand years ago, is not （27 ）the stuffings of information into a person, but rather eliciting knowledge from him; it is the 28 of what is in the mind."The most important part of education," once wrote William Ernest Hocking, the （29） Harvard philosopher, "is this instruction of a man in what he has inside of him. And, as Edith Hamilton has reminded us, Socrates never said, "I know, learn from me." He said, rather, "Look into your own selvers and find the （30） of truth that God has put into every heart, and that only you can kindle (点燃) to a（ 31）." In a dialogue, Socrates takes an ignorant slave boy, without a day of （32）, and proves to the amazed observers that the boy really "knows" geometry--because the principles of geometry are already in his mind, waiting to be called out.So many of the discussions and （33） about the content of education are useless and inconclusive because they（34） what should "go into" the student rather than with what should be taken out, and how this can best be done.The college student who once said to me, after a lecture, "I spend so much time studying that I don't have a chance to learn anything," was clearly expressing his （ 35 ） with the sausage-casing view of education.2015年12月大学英语六级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套)答案Section A 参考答案1. C)【精析】行动计划题。

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第1套)

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Listening is more important than talking." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others' opinions. You should write at least 120 words, but no more than 180 words._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 3 news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear some questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B,C, and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.1. A. Dismissing employees without giving advance notice.B. Checking employees’ online private messages at work.C. Monitoring employees’ performance on weekends.D. Closing employees’ social media during work hours.2. A. He did well in handling his clients’ queries.B. He created a private account for his fiancée.C. He won the case against his employer recently.D. He was fired because of breaking company rules.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.3. A. It is widely used in Kenya.B. It has been increasing in value.C. It makes poor people’s life easier.D. It lowers the buying power of the rich.4. A. It is a non-profit group located in Nairobi, Kenya.B. It works hard on replacing the national currency system.C. It introduced a community currency to a village in Kenya.D. It makes a series of investigations on trade and jobs in Kenya.Questions 5 and 6 will be based on the following news item.5. A. Several states declared an economic emergency.B. Many women are too old to get pregnant.C. Some babies were born with brain defects.D. Birth rates have fallen down greatly.6. A. 10 B. 29 C. 2,400 D. 3,1007. A. A mosquito-borne virusB. A severe chest infectionC. The shortage of medicine.D. Bacteria from Latin America.Section BDirections :In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Conversation OneQuestions 8 and 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A.It is used by more people than English.B.It is more difficult to learn than English.C.It will be as commonly used as English.D.It will eventually become a world language.9.A.Its popularity with the common people.B.The effect of the Industrial Revolution.C.The influence of the British Empire.D.Its loan words from many languages.10.A.It has a growing number of newly coined words.B.It includes a lot of words from other languages.C.It is the largest among all languages in the world.D.It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.11.A.The English grammar is quite easy.B.It is greatly influenced by French.C.It could be pronounced easily.D.It is attractive to English beginners.Conversation TwoQuestions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A.To place an order.B.To apply for a job.C.To return some goods.D.To make a complaint.13.A.He works on a part-time basis for the company.B.He has not worked in the sales department for long.C.He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.D.He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.14.A.It is not his responsibility.B.It will be free for large orders.C.It depends on a number of factors.D.It costs￡15 more for express delivery.15.A.Make inquiries with some other companies.B.Report the information to her superior.C.Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D.Ring back when she comes to a decision.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A , B ,C. and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.No one knows for sure when they came into being.B.No one knows exactly where they were first made.C.No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D.No one knows what they will look like in the future.17.A.Measure the speed of wind.B.Give warnings of danger.C.Pass on secret messages.D.Carry ropes across rivers.18.A.To find out the strength of silk for kites.B.To test the effects of the lightning rod.C.To prove that lightning is electricity.D.To protect houses against lightning.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A.She was born with a talent for languages.B.She was tainted to be an interpreter.C.She can speak several languages.D.She enjoys teaching languages.20.A.They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B.They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C.They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D.They would like to live abroad permanently.21.A.She became an expert in horse racing.B.She learned to appreciate classical music.C.She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D.She got a chance to visit several European countries.22.A.Take part in a cooking competition.B.Taste the beef and give her comment.C.Teach vocabulary for food in English.D.Give cooking lessons on Western food.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A.He had only a third-grade education.B.He once threatened to kill his teacher.C.He often helped his mother do housework.D.He grew up in a poor single-parent family.24.A.Stupid.B.Active.C.Brave.D.Careless.25.A.Watch educational TV programs only.B.Write two book reports a week.C.Help with housework.D.Keep a diary.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society. However, they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is 26 different from that of an industrial society. As information progresses in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society 27 the quantity of information available to the members ofa society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view is a28 analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media. A different 29 is possible when the actual amount of information 30 by the user is taken into account. In fact, the more information 31 throughout the entire society, the wider the gap becomes between "information haves" and "information have-nots", leading to digital divide.According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major 32 ：class, sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class.With 33 to sex, digital divide exists between men and women.The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation, 34 with personal computersSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Joy: A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.A.When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, he insisted it would solve three problems at once : feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression, and stimulate the restaurant business.Even as a satire (讽刺), it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture.But actually, the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.B.If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you'll hear a lot of the following words :"standards,""results,""skills,""self-control,""accountability," and so on.I have visited some of the newer supposedly "effective" schools, where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.C.A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.D.I'm a mother of three, a teacher, and a developmental psychologist.So I've watched a lot of children-talking, playing, arguing, eating, studying, and being young.Here's what I've come to understand.The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, nor their lack of skills.It's their enormous capacity for joy.Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub, a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends, or an 11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip.A child's ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and derive intense pleasure from that absorption, is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.E.A friend told me the following story.One day, when he went to get his 7-year-old son from soccer practice, his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice.The coach had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills.The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down.He seemed wrapped in sadness.But just before he reached the car door,he suddenly stopped, crouching (蹲伏) down to peer at something on the sidewalk.His face went down lower and lower, and then, with complete joy he called out, "e here.This is the strangest bug I've ever seen.It has, like, a million legs.Look at this.It's amazing." He looked up at his father, his features overflowing with energy and delight."Can't we stay here for just a minute? I want to find out what he does with all those legs.This is the coolest ever."F.The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct of youth-something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities, like perseverance(坚持不懈), obligation, and practicality.Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intense absorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking.Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy.Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with smallfigures, conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example.In some cases, schools should help children find new,more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy: making art, making friends, making decisions:G. Building on a child's ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn't be that hard.It would just require a shift in the education world's mindset (思维模式).Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are notso different from the things in which they delight.H. Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement, and high dropout rates, think again.The more horrible the school circumstances, the more important pleasure is to achieving any educational success.I.Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility.The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead,they should learn to delay gratification (快乐) so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going tocollege.J.Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children, it makes no sense educationally.Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school, kids need to want to learn.You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practice division.But you can't force the child to think carefully, enjoy books, digest complex information,or develop a taste for learning.To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure in learning-to see school as a source of joy.K.Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine: unpleasant, but necessary and good for you.Why not instead think of learning as if it were food--something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure ?L.Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs.The more difficult a child's life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom."Pleasure" is not a dirty word.And it doesn't run counter to the goals of public education.It is, in fact, the precondition.36.It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.37.What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing.38.Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.39.It is human nature to seek joy in life.40.Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.41.Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.42.Adults do not consider children's feelings when it comes to education.43.Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.44.In the so-called "effective" schools, children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.45.To make learning effective, educators have to ensure that children want to learn.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C. and D .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.When it's five o'clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they're done.These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale (士气) and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from9 a.m.to 10 a.m. research from 10 a.m.to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities-from project planning, holiday shopping, to yoga-by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under "clock time" vs "task time." They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It'll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.46. What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A. It makes everybody time-conscious.B. It is a convenience for work and life.C. It may have a negative effect on creative work.D. It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.47. How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A. They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B. They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C. They set a time limit for each specific task.D. They accomplish their tasks one by one.48. What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?A. They seize opportunities as they come up.B. They always get their work done in time.C. They have more control over their lives.D. They tend to be more productive.49. What do the researchers say about today's business culture?A. It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B. It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C. It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers' lives.D. It aims to bring employees' potential and creativity into full play.50. What do the researchers suggest?A. Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.B. It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C. Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D. A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2004. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was "paying her dues," and that "there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew."Surely, the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful. Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans. who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person's individual circumstances. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person's ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all, more than 45.000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life.Some laws make sense. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a school. But too often collateral (随附的) consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America's vast criminal justice system, second chances are crucial. It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.51. What does the well-known columnist's remark about Martha Stewart suggest?A. Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.B. Her business went bankrupt while she was in prison.C. Her release from prison has drawn little attention.D. Her prison sentence might have been extended.52. What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America?A. They backslide after serving their terms in prison.B. They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf.C. They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.D. They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances.53. What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record?A. They remain poor for the rest of their lives.B. They are deprived of all social benefits.C. They are marginalized in society.D. They are deserted by their family.54. What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?A. They help to maintain social stability.B. Some of them have long been outdated.C. They are hardly understood by the public.D. A lot of them have negative effects on society.55. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A. To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.B. To appeal for changes in America's criminal justice system.C. To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent life.D. To call people's attention to prisoners' conditions in America.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务，他们对孩子的首要要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学.他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样竞争激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明.中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上取得大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬.因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子提供更好的条件.2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解(第1套)Part Ⅰ Writing这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文.要求考生就一句格苦进行论述.这句格言Listening is more important than talking．“倾听比谈论更重要”措辞简单．意思明了，考生比较容易把握．因此写起来并不难.写作时．考生应该将重点放在第二段举例阐释倾听比谈论更重要的原因上．联系实际分析可知，其原因主要有：倾听是交际之规则．只有善于倾听于能表达刘别人的尊重．同时倾昕对听者自身也不无裨益.一、阐述“倾听比谈论更重要”的内涵：倾听别人的意见比表达自己的想法重要得多(paying attention to others’ opinions is much more important than expressing one’s own words)倾听比谈论更重要如今，“倾听比谈论更重要”这一格言流行起来.这句格言道出了在社会中与人交往的真谛：倾听别人的意见比表达自己的想法重要得多。

2015年12月四级听力原文第一版及答案

2015年12月四级听力原文第一版及答案Part 1 短对话Question 1- M：Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month?- W：Sure。

It s actually the most impressive one I ve seen on that topic。

Q：What do we learn about the speakers?Question 2- W：Are you looking for anything in particular?- M：Yes。

My son is graduating from high school，and I want to get him something special。

Q：Where does the conversation most probably take place?Question 3- M：Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery。

- W：Really? If I remember right，he had a chance to work there，but he turned it down。

Q：What does the woman say about Mike?Question 4- W：Would you like to come to Susan s birthday party tomorrow evening?- M：I m going to give a lecture tomorrow。

I wish I could be in two places at the same time。

2015年12月四级真题第1套

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）Part I Writing(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying“Listening is more important than talking.”You can citeexamples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others’opinions.You should write at least120words,but no more than180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes) Section ADirection:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and thequestions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C).and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single linethrough the centre.Questions1and2will be based on the following news item.1.A)Dismissing employees without giving advance notice.B)Checking employees’online private messages at work.C)Monitoring employees’performance on weekends.D)Closing employees’social media during work hours.2.A)He did well in handling his clients’queries.B)He created a private account for his fiancée.C)He won the case against his employer recently.D)He was fired because of breaking company rules.Questions3and4will be based on the following news item.3.A)It is widely used in Kenya.B)It has been increasing in value.C)It makes poor people’s life easier.D)It lowers the buying power of the rich.4.A)It is a non-profit group located in Nairobi,Kenya.B)It works hard on replacing the national currency system.C)It introduced a community currency to a village in Kenya.D)It makes a series of investigations on trade and jobs in Kenya.Questions5and6will be based on the following news item.5.A)Several states declared an economic emergency.B)Many women are too old to get pregnant.C)Some babies were born with brain defects.D)Birth rates have fallen down greatly.6.A)10B)29C)2,400D)3,1007.A)A mosquito-borne virus.B)A severe chest infection.C)The shortage of medicine.D)Bacteria from Latin America.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single linethrough the centre.Conversation OneQuestions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It is used by more people than English.B)It is more difficult to learn than English.C)It will be as commonly used as English.D)It will eventually become a world language.9.A)Its popularity with the common people.B)The effect of the Industrial Revolution.C)The influence of the British Empire.D)Its loan words from many languages.10.A)It has a growing number of newly coined words.B)It includes a lot of words from other languages.C)It is the largest among all languages in the world.D)It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.11.A)The English grammar is quite easy.B)It is greatly influenced by French.C)It could be pronounced easily.D)It is attractive to England beginners.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)To place an order.B)To apply for a job.C)To return some goods.D)To make a complaint.13.A)He works on a part-time basis for the company.B)He has not worked in the sales department for long.C)He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.D)He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.14.A)It is not his responsibility.B)It will be free for large orders.C)It depends on a number of factors.D)It costs￡15more for express delivery.15.A)Make inquiries with some other companies.B)Report the information to her superior.C)Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D)Ring back when she comes to a decision.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passage.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)No one knows for sure when they came into being.B)No one knows exactly where they were first made.C)No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D)No one knows what they will look like in the future.17.A)Measure the speed of wind.B)Give warnings of danger.C)Pass on secret messages.D)Carry ropes across rivers.18.A)To find out the strength of silk for kites.B)To test the effects of the lightning rod.C)To prove that lightning is electricity.D)To protect houses against lightning.Passage TwoQuestions19to22are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)She was born with a talent for languages.B)She was tainted to be an interpreter.C)She can speak several languages.D)She enjoys teaching languages.20.A)They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B)They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C)They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D)They would like to live abroad permanently.21.A)She became an expert in horse racing.B)She learned to appreciate classical music.C)She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D)She got a chance to visit several European countries.22.A)Take part in a cooking competition.B)Taste the beef and give her comment.C)Teach vocabulary for food in English.D)Give cooking lessons on Western food.Passage ThreeQuestions23to25are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A)He had only a third-grade education.B)He once threatened to kill his teacher.C)He often helped his mother do housework.D)He grew up in a poor single-parent family.24.A)Careless.B)Stupid.C)Brave.D)Active.25.A)Watch educational TV programs only.B)Write two book reports a week.C)Help with housework.D)Keep a diary.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections：In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wordbank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the wordsin the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society.However,they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is26different from that of an industrial society.As information progresses in society,the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society27the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information.But such a view is a28analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media.A different29is possible when the actual amount of information30by the user is taken into account.In fact,the more information31throughout the entire society,the wider the gap becomes between“information haves”and“information have-mots”,leading to digital divide.According to recent studies,digital divide has been caused by three major32 class,sex,and generation.In terms of class,digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class.With 33to sex,digital divide exists between men and women.The greatest gap,however, is between the Net-generation,34with personal computers and the Internet,and the older generation,35to an industrial society.A)accustomedB)acquiredC)assemblyD)attribute I)flowsJ)fundamentally K)interpretation L)passiveE)championsF)elementsG)expandsH)familiar M)regard N)respectively O)superficialSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraphis marked with a letter.Answer the question by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Joy:A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.[A]When Jonathan Swift proposed,in1729,that the people of Ireland eat theirchildren,he insisted it would solve three problems at once:feed the hungry masses,reduce the population during a severe depression,and stimulate the restaurant business.Even as a satire(讽刺),it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture.But actually,the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.[B]If you spend much time with educators and policy makers,you'll hear a lot of thefollowing words:“standards”,“results”,“skills”,“self-control”,“accountability”, and so on.I have visited some of the newer supposedly“effective”schools,where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can’t sit still.[C]A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clearthat when people think about education,they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child,or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.[D]I’m a mother of three,a teacher,and a developmental psychologist.So I’vewatched a lot of children-talking,playing,arguing,eating,studying,and being young.Here’s what I’ve come to understand.The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance,nor their lack of skills.It’s their enormous capacity for joy.Think of a3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what hecan and cannot sink in the bathtub,a5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends,or an 11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip.A child’s ability to become deeply absorbed in something,and derive intense pleasure from that absorption,is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to. [E]A friend told me the following story.One day,when he went to get his7-year-oldson from soccer practice,his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice.The coach had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills.The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down.He seemed wrapped in sadness.But just before he reached the car door,he suddenly stopped, crouching(蹲伏)down to peer at something on the sidewalk.His face went down lower and lower,and then,with complete joy he called out,“e here.This is the strangest bug I’ve ever seen.It has,like,a million legs.Look at this.It’s amazing.”He looked up at his father,his features overflowing with energy and delight.Can’t we stay here for just a minute?I want to find out what he does with all those legs.This is the coolest ever.[F]The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming butirrelevant byproduct of youth-something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities,like perseverance(坚持不懈),obligation,and practicality.Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intense absorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking.Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy.Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things:reading novels instead of playing with small figures,conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub,and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example.In some cases,schools should help children find new,more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy:making art,making friends,making decisions.[G]Building on a child’s ability to feel joy,rather than pushing it aside,wouldn't bethat hard.It would just require a shift in the education world’s mindset(思维模式).Instead of trying to get children to work hard,why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful,productive activity,like making things,working with others,exploring ideas,and solving problems?These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.[H]Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish,or think of joy as anunaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty,low academic achievement,and high dropout rates,think again.The more horrible the school circumstances,the more important pleasure is to achieving any educational success.[I]Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with,often because they arepressured by their administrators,treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility.The assumption is that children shouldn’t chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work;instead,they should learn to delay gratification(快乐)so that they can pursue abstract goals,like going to college.[J]Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children,it makes no sense educationally.Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school,kids need to want to learn.You can force a child to stay in his or her seat,fill out a worksheet,or practice division.But you can’t force the child to think carefully,enjoy books,digest complex information,or develop a taste for learning.To make that happen,you have to help the child find pleasure in learning-to see school as a source of joy.[K]Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine:unpleasant,but necessary and good for you.Why not instead think of learning as if it were food—something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it asa pleasure?[L]Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs.The more difficult a child’s life circumstances,the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom.“Pleasure”is not a dirty word.And it doesn’t run counter to the goals of public education.It is,in fact,the precondition.36.It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change theirway of thinking.37.What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy fromwhat they are doing.38.Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.39.It is human nature to seek joy in life.40.Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is topatients.41.Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyfulexperience.42.Adults do not consider children’s feelings when it comes to education.43.Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to theireducational goals.44.In the so-called“effective”schools,children are taught self-control under a set ofstrict rules.45.To make learning effective,educators have to ensure that children want to learn. Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are fourchoices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.When it’s five o’clock,people leave their office.The length of the workday,for many workers,is defined by time.They leave when the clock tells them they’re done.These days,the time is everywhere:not just on clocks or watches,but on cell-phones and computers.That may be a bad thing,particularly at work.New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale(士气)and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours.For example:a meeting from9a.m.to10a.m.research from10a.m.to noon,etc.On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish.They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed.It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What,then,are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways?Does one make us more productive?Better at the tasks at hand?Happier?In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier,they had participants organize different activities-from project planning,holiday shopping,to yoga-by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under“clock time”vs“task tinge.”They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives.Task timers are happier and more creative,but less productive.They tendto enjoy the moment when something good is happening,and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in business culture.Smart companies,they believe,will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office,but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy:work organized by clock time.While most people will still probably need,and be,to some extent,clock-timers,task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity.It’ll make those tasks easier,and the task-doers will be happier.46.What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A)It makes everybody time-conscious.B)It is a convenience for work and life.C)It may have a negative effect on creative work.D)It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.47.How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A)They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B)They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C)They set a time limit for each specific task.D)They accomplish their tasks one by one.48.What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments aboutclock-timers?A)They seize opportunities as they come up.B)They always get their work done in time.C)They have more control-over their lives.D)They tend to be more productive.49.What do the researchers say about today’s business culture?A)It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B)It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C)It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers’lives.D)It aims to bring employees’potential and creativity into full play.50.What do the researchers suggest?A)Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.B)It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C)Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D)A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Martha Stewart was charged,tried and convicted of a crime in2004.As she neared the end of her prison sentence,a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues,”and that“there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew.”Surely,the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful.Unfortunately,many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans,who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least65million people in the United States have a criminal record.This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual ws can restrict or ban voting,access to public housing,and professional and business licensing.They can affect a person’s ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all,more than45,000laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life.Some laws make sense.No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia(恋童癖)work in a school.But too often collateral(随附的) consequences bear no relation to public safety.Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive,since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job,two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations,including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties,except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. Where the penalties are not a must,they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime.Rather,it is to recognize that in America’s vast criminal justice system,second chances are crucial.It is in no one’s interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.51.What does the well-known columnist’s remark about Martha Stewart suggest?A)Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.B)Her business went bankrupt while she was in prison.C)Her release from prison has drawn little attention.D)Her prison sentence might have been extended.52.What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America?A)They backslide after serving their terms in prison.B)They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf.C)They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.D)They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances.53.What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record?A)They remain poor for the rest of their lives.B)They are deprived of all social benefits.C)They are marginalized in society.D)They are deserted by their family.54.What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?A)They help to maintain social stability.B)Some of them have long been outdated.C)They are hardly understood by the public.D)A lot of them have negative effects on society.55.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?A)To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.B)To appeal for changes in America’s criminal justice system.C)To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent life.D)To call people’s attention to prisoners’conditions in America.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should,write your answer on Answer Sheet2.中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。

2015年12月大学英语四级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套)

2015年12月大学英语四级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer .Sheet I with a single line through the center.1.A. They admire the courage of space explorers.B. They were going to watch a wonderful movie.C. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.D. They like doing scientific exploration very much.2.A.In a school library.B. At a gift shop.C. In the office of a travel agency.D. At a graduation ceremony.3.A.He used to work in the art gallery.B. He does not have a good memory.C. He is not interested in any part-time jobs.D. He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4.A.He will be unable to attend the birthday party.B. The woman should have informed him earlier.C. He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.D. Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.5.A.Set a deadline for the staff to meet.B. Assign more workers to the project.C. Reward those having made good progress.D. Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6.A.Where she can leave her car.B. The rate for parking in LotC.C. How far away the parking lot is.D. The way to the visitor's parking.7.A .He regrets missing the classes.B. He has benefited from exercise.C. He plans to take the fitness classes.D. He is looking forward to a better life.8.A.How to select secretaries.B. How to raise work efficiency.C. The responsibilities of secretaries.D. The secretaries in the man's company.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.It is used by more people than English.B. It is more difficult to learn than English.C. It will be as commonly used as English.D. It will eventually become a world language.10.A.Its popularity with the common people.B. The effect of the Industrial Revolution.C. The influence of the British Empire.D. Its loan words from many languages.11.A.It has a growing number of newly coined words.B. It includes a lot of words from other languages.C. It is the largest among all languages in the world.D. It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A.To place an order.B. To apply for a job.C. To return some goods.D. To make a complaint.13.A.He works on a part-time basis for the company.B. He has not worked in the sales department for long.C. He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.D. He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.14.A.It is not his responsibility.B. It will be free for large orders.C. It depends on a number of factors.D. It costs￡15 more for express delivery.15.A.Make inquiries with some other companies.B. Report the information to her superior.C. Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D. Ring back when she comes to a decisionSection BDirections，In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A, B, C. and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.No one knows for sure when they came into being.B. No one knows exactly where they were first made.C. No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D. No one knows what they will look like in the future.17.A.Measure the speed of wind.B. Give warnings of danger.C. Pass on secret messages.D. Carry ropes across rivers.18.A.To find out the strength of silk for kites.B. To test the effects of the lightning rod.C. To prove that lightning is electricity.D. To protect houses against lightning.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A.She was born with a talent for languages.B. She was tainted to be an interpreter.C. She can speak several languages.D. She enjoys teaching languages.20.A.They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B. They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C. They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D. They would like to live abroad permanently.21.A.She became an expert in horse racing.B. She learned to appreciate classical music.C. She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D. She got a chance to visit several European countries.22.A.Take part in a cooking competition.B. Taste the beef and give her comment.C. Teach vocabulary for food in English.D. Give cooking lessons on Western food.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23 .A. He had only a third-grade education.B. He once threatened to kill his teacher.C. He often helped his mother do housework.D. He grew up in a poor single-parent family.24.A.Stupid.B. Active.C. Brave.D. Careless.25.A.Watch educational TV programs only.B. Write two book reports a week.C. Help with houseworkSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? There are other（26）bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most（27）of these is a comet (彗星). Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed. They are（28）ice and other frozen liquids and gases.（29）these "dirty snowballs" begin to orbit the sun, just as the planets do.As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gases in it begin to unfreeze. They（30）dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun, a solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet, thus forming its tail. The tall and the（31）fuzzy (模糊的) atmosphere around a comet are（32）that can help identify this（33）in the night sky.In any given year, about a dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can't see them all, of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the（34 ）eye. Comet Hale-Bopp, discovered in 1995, was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit brought it（35）close to the Earth, within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won't be back for another four thousand years or so。

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to make things happen.” Youcan cite examples to illustrate the important of being participants rather than mereonlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

PartⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2015年12月英语四级听力真题（听力文本）

2015年12月英语四级听力真题（听力文本）College English Test Band FourPart Two Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questionswill be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 will be basedon the following news item.Employers have the right to monitortheir workers’ online private messages,according to a ruling by the European Courtof Human Rights (ECHR).It comes after a Romanian man was firedfor sending personal messages while at work.The Strasbourg court sided on Tuesdaywith the employer of a Romanian engineerwho was dismissed from his job after using Yahoo Messenger to communicate with his f iancée while at work.During his time as an engineer,Bogdan Barbulescu was asked by his employerto create a Yahoo Messenger accountto answer his clients’ queries.However, he was informed in July thathe had breached company rulesby using the program for personal reasons,and was subsequently sacked.Barbulescu took his case against Romaniato the human rights court later,alleging that his employer’s decision toend his contract was based on a violationof his right to confidential correspondence.1. What is legal for employers according to the ECHR?2. What can we learn about Bogdan Barbulescu? Questions3 and4 will be basedon the following news item.At the Sifa Primary School outside Nairobi,Kenya, students pay their tuition with a new,local currency called the pesa.The school is one of several institutionsthat accept the community currency.The currency is widely used by peoplein the Gatina Village.The pesas are equal in value to the Kenyan shillingand can be spent in the community just like cash.The new currency gives poor people more buying power than they would otherwise have.If members of the communityhave a shortage of the national currency,they can use the community currencyto get access to the goods and services they may need. Thenon-profit group Grassroots Economicsintroduced the currency here last year.Community currency programs are being set upby non-profit organizations across the world.They help poor communities increase trade and create jobs, according to Grassroots Economics,based in Mombasa, Kenya.It does not replace but rather supplementsthe national currency system,reported the non-profit group.3. What is the advantage of the pesa?4. What can we learn about the Grassroots Economics? Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item. Health officials in Brazil have declareda state of emergency in several states.They are also warning women not to get pregnant.These extreme actions are the resultof a recent rise in birth defects.About 2 400 babies in Brazil were born recentlywith extremely small heads.The babies have a condition called microcephaly. Microcephaly causes severe brain damage.To date, 29 of these babies have died.The number of microcephaly casesin Brazil is about 10 times higherthan what the country usually sees in a year.The US Centers for Disease Controlsays the link between a virus infectionand microcephaly is being investigated.The virus is called Zika.Zika is spread by mosquitos.Some babies in Brazil with microcephalyhave tested positive for the Zika viruswhile others have tested negative.The CDC says that Brazil reportedits first case of Zika virus in May 2015.Since then, the virus has spread andhas caused infections in many Brazilian statesand other countries in Latin America.5. What situation is Brazil facing?6. How many deaths have been reported so far?7. What is related to the situation according to the CDC? Section BDirections: In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneW: Hi Leo,why do you say English would become the world language? M: Well. For one thing, it’s so commonly used.The only language that is used by more people is Chinese. W: Why is English spoken by so many people?M: It’s spoken in many countries of the worldbecause of the British Empire.And now of course, there is the influence of America as well. W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn. M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn.But English does have two great advantages.W: What are they?M: Well, first of all,it has a very international vocabulary.It has many German,Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it.So speakers of those languageswill find many familiar words in English.In fact, English has words from many other languages as well.。

2015年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(一)(题后含答案及解析)

2015年12月大学英语四级真题试卷（一）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. 4. Reading Comprehension 5. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Listening is more important than talking. “You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others’ opinions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.正确答案：Listening Is More Important than Talking Nowadays an old saying, “Listening is more important than talking” , comes into vogue. The saying tells us the true essence of communication with others in the society, which means paying attention to others’opinions is much more important than expressing one’s own words. As for me, there are two reasons accounting for the correctness of this principle. To start with, listening shows your respect for others. In such a competitive society, willingness to listen can make you gain trust and friendship, which is the basic rule of socialization. A talkative person without ear is doomed to be alienated. Furthermore, listening can really benefit yourself. There is no denying that you are the one to make choices in your life. However, a variety of ideas from others will definitely enrich your mind and present some enlightenment to your future actions. According to what is said above, listening truly outweighs talking on many occasions. In modern society, we need to master some communication skills. Only when we realize the importance of listening can we lead a better life.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文：M: Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month? W: Sure. It’s actually the most impressive one I’ve seen on that topic. Q: What do we learn about the speakers?2．A．They admire the courage of space explorers.B．They were going to watch a wonderful movie.C．They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.D．They like doing scientific exploration very much.正确答案：C解析：男士询问女士是否还记得他们上个月看的那部关于太空探险的精彩电影，女士表示这是她看过的关于太空探险题材的印象最深的一部电影。

2015年12月四级真题(卷一)听力cet4听力真题及答案

Section ADirections: In this section, you will bear 8 shortconversations and 2 long conversations. At the en dof each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conve rsation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questions there will be apause. Du ring the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decidewhich is the b est answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a singleline through the c enter.1.A)They admire the courage of space explorers.B)They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.C)They were going to watch a wonderful movie.D)They like doing scientific exploration very much.2.A)At a gift shop.B)At a graduation ceremony.C)In the office of a travel agency.D)In a school library.3.A)He used to work in the art gallery.B)He does not have a good memory.C)He declined a job offer form the art gallery.D)He is not interested in any part-time jobs.4.A)Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.B)He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.C)The woman should have informed him earlier.D)He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5.A)Reward those having made good progress.B)Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C)Assign more workers to the project.D)Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6.A)The way to the visitor's parking.B)The rate for parking in Lot C.C)How far away the parking lot is.D)Where she can leave her car.7.A)He regrets missing the classes.B)He plans to take the fitness classes.C)He is looking forward to a better life.D)He has benefited form exercise.8.A) How to select work efficiency.B)How to select secretaries.C)The responsibilities of secretaries.D)The secretaries in the man's company.Conversation 19.A)It is more difficult to learn than English.B)It is used by more people than English.C)It will be as commonly used as English.D)It will eventually become a world language.10.A)It has words words from many languages.B)Its popularity with the common people.C)The influence of the British Empire.D)The effect of the Industrial Revolution.11.A)It includes a lot of words form other languages.B)It has a growing number of newly coined words,C)It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.D)It is the largest among all languages in the world. Conversation 212.A)To return some goods.B)To apply for a job.C)To place an order.D)To make a complaint.13.A) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B)He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C)He has not worked in the sales department for long.D)He works on a part-time basis for the company.14.A)It is not his responsibility.B)It will be free for large orders.It costs 15 more for express delivery.D)It depends on a number of factors.15.A)Report the information to her superior.B)Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C)Ring back when she comes to a decision.D)Make inquiries with some other companies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 shortpassages. At the end of each passage, you will hea rsome questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aq uestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marketed A), B),C) and D).Then marked the correspond letter on Answer sheet I with a single line through the centre.Passage 116.A)No one knows exactly where they were?B)No one knows for sure when thy came into being.C)No one knows for what purpose they were ?D)No one knows what they were.17.A)Carry ropes across rivers.B)Measure the speed of wind.C)Pass on secret messages.D)Give warnings of danger.18.A)To protect houses against lightning.B)To test the effects of the lightning rod.C)To find out the strength of silk for kites.D)To prove the lightning is electricity.Passage 219.A)She enjoys teaching languages,B)She can speak several languages,C)She was trained to be an interpreter.D)She was born with a talent for languages.20.A)They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B)They would like to live abroad permanently.C)They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D)They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.A)She became an expert in horse racing.B)She got a chance to visit several European countries.C)She was able to translate for a German sports judge.She learned to appreciate classical music.22.A)Taste the beef and give her comment.B)Take part in a cooking competition.C)Teach vocabulary for food in.D)Give cooking lessons on.Passage 323.A)He had only a third-grade education.B)He once threatened to kill his teacher.C)He grew up in a poor single-parent household.D)He often helped his.24.A)Careless.B)Stupid.C)Brave.D)Active.25.A)Write two book reports a week.B)Keep a diary.C)Help with housework.D)Watch education.Section CDirections: in this section,you will hear a paasagethree times. When the passage is read for the fir sttime, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the secondtime, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally,when the passage is reaf for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? There are other… besides the moon andstars . One of the most 27___ of the …Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed. …and other frozen liquidsand g ases. 29___ these “dirty snow…” just as the planets do.As a comet get closer to the sun, some gases in it begin to unfreeze… particles form the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets … wind blows the cloud behind the comet,thus forming its tail. The tail… (模糊的) atmosphere around a comet are 32____ that can help…in the night sky.In any given year, about a dozen known comets come close to … average person can't see themall , of course. Usually there is only one … to be seen with 34___ eye. Comet Hale-Bopp,discovered… bright comet. Its orbit brought it 35___ close to the Earth, … But Hale-Bopp camea long way an i ts earthly visit. It won't be back…or so.1. C. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.2. B. At a gift shop.3. D. He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4. A. He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5. A. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.6. D. The way to the visitor's parking.7. B. He has benefited from exercise.8. D. The secretaries in the man's company.9.B. It is used by more people than English.10.C. The influence of the British Empire.11.A. It includes a lot of words from other languages.12.C. To place an order13.B. He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.14.D. It depends on a number of factors.15.C. Ring back when she comes to a decision.16. A) No one knows for sure when they came into being.17. D) Carry ropes across rivers.18. C) To prove that lightening is electricity.19. C) She can speak several languages.20. B) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21. C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.22. B) Taste the beef and give her comment.23. D) He grew up in a poor single parent family.24. A) Stupid25. B) Write two book reports a week.(26) heavenly(27) fascinating(28) made up of(29) Now and then(30) combine with(31) generally(32) characteristics(33) phenomenon(34) naked(35) relatively。

完整word版,201512月大学英语六级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套)答案及解析

2015年12月英语四级真题试卷一完整版(文字版)(2)

2015年12月英语四级真题试卷一完整版(文字版)(2)Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education. B) He once threatened to kill his teacher. C) He grew up in a poor ??? D) He often helped his ??? 24.A) Careless. B) Stupid. C) Brave. D) Active.25.A) Write two book reports a week. B) Keep a diary. C)Help with housework. D) Watch education?? Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see?There are other bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most of this is a comet. Comets were formed around the same the earth was formed. They are made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gasses. these dirty snow balls begin to orbit the sun just as the planets do. As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gasses in it begin to unfreeze. They combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun and solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet thus forming its tail.The tail and generally fuzzy atmosphere around the comet are that can help this phenomenon in the night sky. In any given year，about dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can t see them all of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the _________eye. Comet Hale-Bopp discovered in 1995 was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit bought it _________to the earth within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won t be back for another 4 thousand years or so.Part ШReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices givenin a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December 36 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two 37 , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception; November was the warmest ever 38 , and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the snow now, because 39 are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.EI niuo, Spanish for the child , 40 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet s surface, that the 41 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are 42 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 43 dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Ninos can 44 the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich(营养丰富的)water that supports large fish 45 ,and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

201512月大学英语四级考试真题(1+答案解析)

Part I Writing（30 minutes）Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Listening is more important than talking.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others' opinions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension（25 minutes）Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) It is used by more people than English.B) It is more difficult to learn than English.C) It will be as commonly used as English.D) It will eventually become a world language.10. A）一Its popularity with the common people. C) The influence of the British Empire.B) The effect of the Industrial Revolution. D) Its loan words from many languages.11. A) It has a growing number of newly coined words.B) It includes a lot of words from other languages.C) It is the largest among all languages in the world.D) It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To place an order. C) To return some goods.B) To apply for a job. D) To make a complaint.13. A) He works on a part-time basis for the company.B) He has not worked in the sales department for long.C) He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.D) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.14. A) It is not his responsibility. C) It depends on a number of factors.B) It will be free for large orders. D) It costs￡15 more for express delivery.15. A) Make inquiries with some other companies.B) Report the information to her superior.C) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D) Ring back when she comes to a decision.Section CDirections:In this section，you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A )，B)，C) and D)．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) No one knows for sure when they came into being.B) No one knows exactly where they were first made.C) No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D) No one knows what they will look like in the future.17. A) Measure the speed of wind. C) Pass on secret messages.B) Give warnings of danger. D) Carry ropes across rivers.18. A) To find out the strength of silk for kites. C) To prove that lightning is electricity.B) To test the effects of the lightning rod. D) To protect houses againstPassage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) She was born with a talent for languages. C) She can speak several languages.B) She was trained to be an interpreter. D) She enjoys teaching languages.20. A) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D) They would like to live abroad permanently.21. A) She became an expert in horse racing.B) She learned to appreciate classical music.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She got a chance to visit several European countries.22. A) Take part in a cooling competition. C) Teach vocabulary for food in English.B) Taste the beef and give her comment. D) Give cooking lessons on Western food.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He often helped his mother do housework.D) He grew up in a poor single-parent family.24. A) Stupid. B) Active. C) Brave. D) Careless.25. A) Watch educational TV programs only. C) Help with housework.B) Write two book reports a week. D) Keep a diary.Part IIII Reading Comprehension（40 minutes）Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society. However, they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is 36 different from that of an industrial society. As informatization progresses in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society 37 the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view is a 38 analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media. A different 39 is possible when the actual amount of information 40 by the user is taken into account. In fact，the more information 41 throughout the entire society, the wider the gap becomes between "information haves" and "information have-nots"，leading to digital divide.According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major 42：class, sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class. With 43 to sex, digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation，44 with personal computers and the Internet, and the older generation，45 to an industrial society.Section BDirections; In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Joy: A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.A) When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729，that the people of Ireland eat theirchildren, he insisted it would solve three problems at once：feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression，and stimulate the restaurant business. Even as a satire（讽刺），it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture. But actually, the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.B) If you spend much time with educators and policy makers，you'll hear a lot ofthe following words："standards，”" results,”" skills，”" self-control，”"accountability,”and so on. I have visited some of the newer supposedly “effective" schools，where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.C) A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly`clear that when people think about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.D) I'm a mother of three，a teacher, and a developmental psychologist. So I'vewatched a -lot of children-talking，playing, arguing, eating, studying, and being young. Here's what I've come to understand. The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance，nor their lack of skills. It's their enormous capacity for joy. Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub，a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends, or an 11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip. A child's ability to become deeply absorbed in something，and derive intense pleasure from that absorption, is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.E) A friend told me the following story. One day, when he went to get his7-year-old son from soccer practice，his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice. The coach had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills. The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down. He seemed wrapped in sadness. But just before he reached the car door, he suddenly stopped, crouching（蹲伏）down to peer at something on the sidewalk. His face went down lower and lower, and then，with complete joy he called out，“Dad. Come here. This is the strangest bug I've ever seen. It has, like, a million legs. Look at this. It's amazing.” He looked up at his father, his features overflowing with energy and delight.“Can't we stay here for just a minute? I want to find out what he does with all those legs. This is the coolest ever.”F) The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming butirrelevant byproduct of youth-something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities, like perseverance（坚持不懈），obligation, and practicality. Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intense absorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking. Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy. Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things：reading novels instead of playing with small figures, conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub，and debating seriousissues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example. In some cases, schools should help children find new, more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy; making art，making friends，making decisions.G) Building on a child's ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn'tbe that hard. It would just require a shift in the education world's mindset（思维模式）．Instead of trying to get children to work hard，why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful，productive activity, like making things，working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.H) Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as anunaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement，and high dropout rates, think again. The more horrible the school circumstances, the more important pleasure is to achieving any educational success.1) Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with，often becausethey are pressured by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility. The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead, they should learn to delay gratification（快乐）so that they can pursue abstract goals，like going to college.J) Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children，it makes no sense educationally. Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school, kids need to want to learn. You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practice division. But you can't force the child to think carefully，enjoy books, digest complex information, or develop a taste for learning. To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure in learning-to see school as a source of joy. K) Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine: unpleasant, but necessary and good for you. Why not instead think of learning as if it were food-something so valuable to humans that they have evolved toexperience it as a pleasure?L) Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs.The more difficult a child's life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom. “Pleasure" is not a dirty word.And it doesn't run counter to the goals of public education. It is, in fact，the precondition.46. It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.47. What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing.48. Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.49. It is human nature to seek joy in life.50. Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.51. Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.52. Adults do not consider children's feelings when it comes to education.53. Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.54. In the so-called “effective" schools, children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.55. To make learning effective，educators have to ensure that children want to learn.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A），B)，C) and D)．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter。

2015年12月大学英语4级真题答案(第一套)

2015年12月大学英语4级真题答案（第一套）Part I WritingListening is more important than talkingNowadays an old saying “Listening is more important than talking” comes into vogue. The saying tells us the true essence of communication with others in society, which meansp aying attention to others’ opinions is much more important than expressing one’s own ideas.As for me, there are two reasons accounting for the correctness of this principle. To start with, listening shows our respect to others. In such an aggressive society, willingness to listen enable us to gain trust and friendship, which are the basic rules of interpersonal communication. A talkative person without the patience to listen to others is doomed to be alienated. Furthermore, listening can really benefit us. There is no denying that we ourselves are the people to make choices in our own life. However, a variety of ideas from others will definitely enrich our minds and present some enlightenment to our future actions.According to what is said above, listening truly outweighs talking on many occasions. As modern people, we need to master some communication skills. Only when we realize the importance of listening can we lead better life.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A1. C) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.2. B) At a gift shop.3. D) He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4. A) He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5. A) Set a deadline for the staff to meet.6. D) The way to the visitor’s parking.7. B) He has benefited from exercise.8. D) The secretaries in the man’s company.9. A) It is used by more people than English.10. C) The influence of the British Empire.11. B) It includes a lot of words from other languages.12. A) To place an order.13. C) He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.14. C) It depends on a number of factors.15. D) Ring back when she comes to a decision.Section B16. A) No one knows for sure when they came into being.17. D) Carry ropes across rivers.18. C) To prove that lightning is electricity.19. C) She can speak several languages.20. B) They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21. C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.22. B) Taste the beef and give her comment.23. D) He grew up in a poor single-parent family.24. A) Stupid.25. B) Write two book reports a week.Section C26. heavenly27. fascinating28. made up of29. Now and then30. combine with31. generally32. characteristics33. phenomenon34. naked35. relativelyPart III Reading ComprehensionSection A36. J) fundamentally37. G) expands38. O) superficial39. K) interpretation40. B) acquired41. I) flows42. F) elements43. M) regard44. H) familiar45. A) accustomedSection B46. G) Building on a child’s ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn’t be that hard.47. D) I’m a mother of three, a teacher, and a developmental psychologist.48. A) When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, he insisted it would solve three problems at once: feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression, and stimulate the restaurant business.49. F) The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct of youth—something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities, like perseverance, obligation, and practicality.50. K) Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine: unpleasant, but necessary and good for you.51. H) Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement, and high dropout rates, think again.52. C) A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to bea child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.53. I) Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility.54. B) If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you’ll hear a lot of the following words: “standards,” “results,” “skills,” “sel f-control,” “accountability,” and so on. 55. J) Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children, it makes no sense educationally.Section C56. C) It may have a negative effect on creative work.57. A) They combine clock-based and task-based planning.58. D) They tend to be more productive.59. B) It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.60. A) Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.61. A) Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.62. B) They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf.63. C) They are marginalized in society.64. D) A lot of them have negative effects on society.65. B) To appeal for changes in America’s criminal justice system.Part IV TranslationChinese parents tend to pay at tention to their children’s study to such an extent that they even don’t require their children to help them do the chores. Their primary requirement for their children is to study hard, get good grades and go to famous universities. They believe this does good to their children because in the society of China which is full of intense competition, only perfect academic performance can ensure a bright future. Chinese parents also believe if their children can make great achievements in society, they will receive respect accordingly. Therefore, they are willing to sacrifice their own time, hobbies and interests in order to provide better conditions for their children.。

201512月大学英语六级听力真题mp3下载（含文本）（第一套）答案及解析

2015年12月大学英语六级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 longconversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A., B.,C. and D ), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A. Prepare for his exams.B. Catch up on his work.C. Attend the concert.D. Go on a vacation.2. A. Three crew members were involved in the incident.B. None of the hijackers carried any deadly weapons.C. The plane had been scheduled to fly to Japan.D. None of the passengers were injured or killed.3. A. An article about the election.B. A tedious job to be done.C. An election campaign.D. A fascinating topic.4. A. The restaurant was not up to the speakers' expectations.B. The restaurant places many ads in popular magazines.C. The critic thought highly of the Chinese restaurant.D. Chinatown has got the best restaurants in the city.5. A. He is going to visit his mother in the hospital.B. He is going to take on a new job next week.C. He has many things to deal with right now.D. He behaves in a way nobody understands.6. A. A large number of students refused to vote last night.B. At least twenty students are needed to vote on an issue.C. Major campus issues had to be discussed at the meeting.D. More students have to appear to make their voice heard.7. A. The woman can hardly tell what she likes.B. The speakers like watching TV very much.C. The speakers have nothing to do but watch TV.D. The man seldom watched TV before retirement.8. A. The woman should have registered earlier.B. He will help the woman solve the problem.C ) He finds it hard to agree with what the woman says.D. The woman will be able to attend the classes she wants.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A. Persuade the man to join her company.B. Employ the most up-to-date technology.C. Export bikes to foreign markets.D. Expand their domestic business.10. A. The state subsidizes small and medium enterprises.B. The government has control over bicycle imports.C. They can compete with the best domestic manufacturers.D. They have a cost advantage and can charge higher prices.11. A. Extra costs might eat up their profits abroad.B. More workers will be needed to do packaging.C. They might lose to foreign bike manufacturers.D. It is very difficult to find suitable local agents.12. A. Report to the management.B. Attract foreign investments.C. Conduct a feasibility studyD. Consult financial experts.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A. Coal burnt daily for the comfort of our homes.B. Anything that can be used to produce power.C. Fuel refined from oil extracted from underground.D. Electricity that keeps all kinds of machines running.14. A. Oil will soon be replaced by alternative energy sources.B. Oil reserves in the world will be exhausted in a decade.C. Oil consumption has given rise to many global problems.D. Oil production will begin to decline worldwide by 2025.15. A. Minimize the use of fossil fuels.B. Start developing alternative fuels.C. Find the real cause for global warming.D. Take steps to reduce the greenhouse effect.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A ), B ), C. and D ). Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 71 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. The ability to predict fashion trends.B. A refined taste for artistic works.C. Years of practical experience.D. Strict professional training.17. A. Promoting all kinds of American hand-made specialties.B. Strengthening cooperation with foreign governments.C. Conducting trade in art works with dealers overseas.D. Purchasing handicrafts from all over the world.18. A. She has access to fashionable things.B. She is doing what she enjoys doing.C. She can enjoy life on a modest salary.D. She is free to do whatever she wants.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A. Join in neighborhood patrols.B. Get involved in his community.C. voice his complaints to the city council.D. Make suggestions to the local authorities.20. A. Deterioration in the quality of life.B. Increase of police patrols at night.C. Renovation of the vacant buildings.D. Violation of community regulations.21. A. They may take a long time to solve.B. They need assistance from the city.C. They have to be dealt with one by one.D. They are too big for individual efforts.22. A. He had got some groceries at a big discount.B. He had read a funny poster near his seat.C. He had done a small deed of kindness.D. He had caught the bus just in time.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A. Childhood and healthy growth.B. Pressure and heart disease.C. Family life and health.D. Stress and depression.24. A. It experienced a series of misfortunes.B. It was in the process of reorganization.C. His mother died of a sudden heart attack.D. His wife left him because of his bad temper.25. A. They would give him a triple bypass surgery.B. They could remove the block in his artery.C. They could do nothing to help him.D. They would try hard to save his life.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When thepassage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When t he passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When most people think of the word "education," they think of a pupil as a sort of animate sausage casing. Into this empty casing, the teachers（26）stuff "education."But genuine education, as Socrates knew more than two thousand years ago, isnot （27 ）the stuffings of information into a person, but rather eliciting knowledge from him; it is the 28 of what is in the mind."The most important part of education," once wrote William Ernest Hocking, the （29） Harvard philosopher, "is this instruction of a man in what he has inside ofhim. And, as Edith Hamilton has reminded us, Socrates never said, "I know, learnfrom me." He said, rather, "Look into your own selvers and find the （30） of truth that God has put into every heart, and that only you can kindle (点燃) to a（ 31）." In a dialogue, Socrates takes an ignorant slave boy, without a day of （32）, and proves to the amazed observers that the boy really "knows" geometry--becausethe principles of geometry are already in his mind, waiting to be called out.So many o f the discussions and （33） about the content of education are useless and inconclusive because they（34） what should "go into" the student rather thanwith what should be taken out, and how this can best be done.The college student who once said to me, after a lecture, "I spend so muchtime studying that I don't have a chance to learn anything," was clearly expressing his （ 35 ） with the sausage-casing view of education.2015年12月大学英语六级听力真题MP3下载(含文本)(第一套)答案Section A 参考答案1. C)【精析】行动计划题。

四级真题2015年12月第一套

听力题1.A) the woman should mix the ingredients thoroughlyB) the dressing makes the mixed salad very invitingC) the restaurant is known for its food varietiesD) the restaurant offers some special cash today2.A) he took over the firm from MaryB) he is opening a new consulting firmC) he failed to foresee major problemsD) he is running a successful business3.A) the printer in the office has run out of paperB) the man may find the supplies in the cabinetC) the man can leave the discs in the office cabinetD) someone should be put in charge of office supplies4.A) the woman can use his glasses to readB) he has the dictionary the woman wantsC) the dictionary is not of much help to himD) he has to use a magnifying glass to see clearly5.A) seeking professional adviceB) adding some office furnitureC) redecorating her officeD)majoring in interior design6.A) shortage of container shipsB) improvement of port facilitiesC) delayed shipment of goodsD) problems in port management7.A) a colleagueB) their bossC) their workloadD) a coffee machine8.A) call the hotel manager for helpB) get an expert to correct the errorC) hold the banquet at a different placeD) postpone the event until a later date长对话9.A) he cooks dinner for the family occasionallyB) he dines out from time to time with friendsC) he shares some of the household dutiesD) he often goes back home late for dinner10.A) to take him to dinnerB) to discuss an urgent problemC) to talk about a budget planD) to pass on an important message11.A) foreign investors are losing confidence in India’s economyB) Many multinational enterprises are withdraw from IndiaC) there is a sharp increase in India’s balance of payment deficitD) there are wild fluctuations in the international money market12.A) they try to adapt to their changing rolesB) they form a more realistic picture of lifeC) they may not be prepared for a lifelong relationshipD) they have unrealistic expectations about the other half13.A) he is lucky to be able to do what he lovesB) he is able to meet many interesting peopleC) he is able to forget all the trouble in his lifeD) he is lucky to have visited many exotic people14.A) it is stressfulB) it is full of funC) it is all glamourD) it is challenging15.A) amazedB) botheredC) puzzledD) excited短文理解16.A) Learn to be respectful in a hierarchical organizationB) Follow closely the fast development of technologyC) Learn new ways of relating and working togetherD) Maintain the traditional organizational culture17.A) How the team is built to keep improving its performanceB) What type of personnel the team should be composed of.C) How the team integrates with what it is supposed to serveD) What qualifications team members should be equipped with.18.A) A team manager must set very clear and high objectivesB) Teams must consist of members from different cultures.C) Team members should be knowledgeable and creative.D) A team manager should develop a certain set of skills.19.A) It is allowing people to share information on the WebB) It started off as a successful program but was unable to last longC) It was mainly used by scientists and technical people to exchange text.D) It is a platform for sharing ideas on teaching at the University of 111linois20.A) He visited a number of famous computer scientists.B) He met with an entrepreneur named Jim ClarkC) He invested in a leading computer business.D) He sold a program developed by his friends.21.A) They trusted his computer expertise.B) They had confidence in his new ideas.C) They were very keen on new technology.D) They believed in his business connections.22A) word-of-mouth advertisingB) Distributing free trial products.C) Prestige advertising.D) Institutional advertising23A) To sell a particular product.B) To attract high-end customersC) To promote a specific service.D) To build up their reputation.24A) By creating their own ads and commercials.B) By buying media space in leading newspapers.C) By hiring their own professional advertising staff.D)By using the services of large advertising agencies.25A) Conduct a large-scale survey on customer needsB) specify the objectives of the campaign in detail.C) pre-test alternative ads or commercials in certain regions.D) Decide on what specific means of communication to employ.听写：Extinction is a difficult concept to grasp. It is an 26 _____ concept. It’s not at all like the killing of individuals lifeforms that can be renewed through normal processes of reproduction. Nor is it simply 27 ____ numbers. Nor is it damage that can somehow be remedied or for which some substitute can be found. Nor is it something that simply affects our own generation. Nor is it something that could be remedies by some supernatural power. IT is rather an 28 ______ and final act for which there is no remedy on earth or in heaven. A species once extinct is gone forever. However many generations 29_____ us in coming centuries, none of them will ever see this species that we extinguish.Not only are we bring about the extinction of life 30 ____, we are also making the land and the air and the sea so toxic that the very conditions of life are being destroyed. 31_____ basic natural resources, not only are the nonrenewable resources being 32_____ in a frenzy(疯狂) of processing, consuming , and 33_____, but we are also ruining much of our renewable resources, such as the very soil itself on which terrestrial(地球上的) life depends.The change that is taking place on earth and in our minds is one of the greatest changes ever to take place in human affairs, perhaps the greatest, since what we are talking about is not simply another historical change or cultural 34________, but a change of geological and biological as well as psychological order of 35_____参考答案：短对话：1-8 BDBDCAAC长对话：9-15 DDCDACD短文理解：16-25 CCDABBADDC听写：Extinction is a difficult concept to grasp. It is an 26 _eternal____ concept. It’s not at all like the killing of individuals lifeforms that can be renewed through normal processes of reproduction. Nor is it simply 27 _diminishing____ numbers. Nor is it damage that can somehow be remedied or for which some substitute can be found. Nor is it something that simply affects our own generation. Nor is it something that could be remedies by some supernatural power. IT is rather an 28 __absolute____ and final act for which there is no remedy on earth or in heaven. A species once extinct is gone forever. However many generations 29___succeed__ us in coming centuries, none of them will ever see this species that we extinguish.Not only are we bring about the extinction of life 30 _on a vast scale___, we are also making the land and the air and the sea so toxic that the very conditions of life are being destroyed. 31__As regards___ basic natural resources, not only are the nonrenewable resources being 32_used up____ in a frenzy(疯狂) of processing, consuming , and 33_disposing____, but we are also ruining much of our renewable resources, such as the very soil itself on which terrestrial(地球上的) life depends.阅读理解The change that is taking place on earth and in our minds is one of the greatest changes ever to take place in human affairs, perhaps the greatest, since what we are talking about is not simply another historical change or cultural 34__modification______, but a change of geological and biological as well as psychological order of 35__magnitude___Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Scholars of the informnation society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society.However,they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is 36 different from that of an industrial society.As informatization progresses in society，the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the informnation society 37 the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view is a 38 analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forn1s of the mass media. A Different 39 is possible when the actual amount of information 40 by the user is taken into account.In fact，the more information 41 throughout the entire society，the wider the gap becomes between "information haves" and "information have-nots，"leading to digital divide.According to recent studies，digital divide has been caused by three major 42 class,sex,and generation. In terms of class，digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class. With 43 to sex，digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap，however，is between the Net-generation, 44 personal computers and the Internet，and the older generation, 45 to an industrial society.A)accustomedB)acquiredC)assemblyD)attributeE)chanlpionsF)elementsG)expands H)familiarI)flowsJ)fundamentallyK)interpretationL)passiveM)regardN)respectivelyO)superficial2.长篇阅读（匹配意思相近的选项）Joy: A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.[A]When Jonathan Swift proposed，in 1729，that the people ofIreland eat their children，he insisted it would solve three problems at once: feed the hungry masses，reduce the population during a severe depression，and stimulate the restaurant business. Even as a satire (讽刺)，it seems disgusting and shocking inAmerica with its child-centered culture. But actually，the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.[B]If you spend much time with educators and policy makers，you'll hear a lot of the following words: standards，" "results，" "skills，" "self-control，" "accountability" and so on. I have visited some of the newer supposedly "effective" schools，where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.[C] A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education，they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child，or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.[D]I'm a mother of three，a teacher，and a developmental psychologist. SoI've watched a lot of children-talking，playing，arguing,eating,studying, and being young. Here's whatI've come to understand. The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance，nor their lack of skills.It's their enormous capacity for joy. Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub，a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends，or an ll-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip. A child's ability to become deeply absorbed in something，and derive intense pleasure from that absorption，is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.[E] A friend told me the following story. One day，when he went to get his 7-year-old son from soccer practice，his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice. The coach had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills. The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down. He seemed wrapped in sadness. But just before he reached the car door，he suddenly stopped，crouching (蹲伏) down to peer at something on the sidewalk.His face went down lower and lower，and then，with complete joy he called out，"Dad. Come here. This is the strangest bugI've ever seen.It has，like，a million legs. Lпok at this.”It's amazing." He looked up at his father，his features overflowing with energy and delight. "Can't we stay here for just a minute? I want to find out what he does with all those legs.This is the coolest ever."[F] The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct of youth-something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities，like perseverance (坚持不懈)，obligation，and practicality. Yet moments like this one are justthe kind of intense absorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking. Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy. Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures，conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub，and debating serious issues rather than stringingtogether nonsense words，for example.In some cases，schools should help children find new，more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy: making art，making friends，making decisions.[G] Building on a child's ability to feel joy，rather than pushing it aside，wouldn't be that hard.It would just require a shift in the education world's mindset (思维模式).Instead of trying to get children to work hard，why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful，productive activity，like making things，working with others，exploring ideas，and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.[H] Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish，or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty，low academic achievement，and high dropout rates，think again. The more horrible the school circumstances，the more inlportant pleasure is to achieving any educa- tional success.[I] Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with，often because they are pressured by their administrators，treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility.The assump- tion is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead，they should Ie缸n to delay gratification (快乐) so that they can pursue abstract goals，like going to college.[J] Not only is a boring and awful way to treat children，it makes no sense educationally. Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school，kids need to want to learn. You can force a child to stay in his or her seat，fill out a worksheet，or practice division. But you can't force the child to think carefully，eflioy books，digest complex information，or develop a taste for learning. To make that happen，you have to help the child fmd pleasure in learning-to see school as a source of joy.[K] Adults tend to talk about learning as if were medicine: unpleasant，but necessary and good for you.Why not instead think of learning as if it were food-something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure?[L] Joy should not be tratned out of children or left for after-school programs. The more difficult a child's life circumstances，the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom. "Pleasure" is not a dirty word.And it doesn't run counter to the goals of public education.It is，in fact，the precondition.46. It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.47. What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing48. Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.49. It is hunlan nature to seek joy in life.50. Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.51. Bad school conditions make it all the more important t turn learning into joyful experience.52. Adults do not consider children's feelings when it comes to education.53. Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.54. In the so-called "effective" schools，children are taught self-contro1 under a set of strict rules.55. To make learning effective，educators have to ensure that children want to learn.3.仔细阅读Section CQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.When it's five o'clock，people leave their office. The length of the workday，for many workers，is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they're done. These days，the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches，but on cell-phone and computers，That may be a bad thling，particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale (士气) and creativityClock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m.，research from 10 a.m. to noon，etc. On the other hand，task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish.They work down the list，each task starts when the previous task is completed.It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What,then，are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us moreproductive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier?In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet andAnne- Laure Sellier，they had participants organize different activities--from project planning，holiday shopping，to yoga-by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under "clock time" vs "task time."They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and morecreative，but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening，and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in thebusiness culture. Smart companies，they believe，will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office，but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time.While most people will still probably need，and be，to some extent，clock-timers，task-based tinting should be used when perfonning a job that requires more creativity.It'll make those tasks easier，and thle task-doers will be happier.56.What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A) It makes everybody time-conscious.B) It is a convenience for work and life.C) It may have a negative effect on creative work.D) It clearly indicates the fast pace of modem life.57.How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A) They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B) They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C) They set a time limit for each specific task.D)They accomplish出eir tasks one by one.58.What did Tamar Avnet andAnne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?A) They seize opportunities as they come up.B) They always get their work done in time.C) They have more control over their lives.D) They tend to be more productive.59.What do the researchers say about today's business culture?A) It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B) It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice..C) It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers' lives.D) It ainls to bring employees' potential and creativity into full play.60.What do the researchers suggest?A) Task-based timng is preferred for doing creative work.B) It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C) Perfomling creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D) A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Martha Stewart was charged，tried and convicted of a crime in 2004.As she neared the end of her prison sentence，a well-known columnist wrote that she was "paying her dues，and that "there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew."Surely，the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful Unfortunately，many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans，who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least 65 million people in the United States have a crinlinal record. This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completedMany of these penalties are让nposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person's individual ws can restrict or ban voting，access to public housing，and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person's ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all，more than 45，000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fullyparticipating in American lifeSome laws make sense. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a schooL But too often collateral(伴随的) consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be pennanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive，since they make it harder for people with crinlinal records to find housing or land a job，two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations，including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties，except for those specifically needed to protect public safety.Where the penalties are not a must，they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime. Rather，it is to recognize that in America's vast criminal justice system，second chances are crucial.It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.61.What does the well-known columnist's remark about Martha Stewart suggest?A) Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.B) Her business went bankrupt while she was in prisonC) Her release from prison has drawn little attention.D) Her prison sentence might have been extended.62.What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals inAmerica?A) They backslide after serving their terms in prison.B) They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf.C) They receive severe penalties for committing minor offensesD) They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances.63.What are the consequences for manyAmericans with a criminal record?A) They remain poor for the rest of their lives.B) They are deprived of all social benefits.C) They are marginalized in society.D) They are deserted by their family.64.What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?A) They help to maintain social stability.B) Some of them have long been outdated.C) They are hardly understood by the public.D) A lot of them have negative effects on society.65.What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A) To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.B) To appeal for changes in America's criminal justice system.C) To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent lifeD) To call people's attention to prisoners' conditions in America.答案：36-45 JGOKBIFMHA36。

2015年12月大学英语六级听力真题及答案(一套)

2015年12月大学英语六级听力真题及答案（一套）1. BA) the woman should mix the ingredients thoroughlyB) the dressing makes the mixed salad very invitingC) the restaurant is known for its food varietiesD) the restaurant offers some special cash today2. DA) he took over the firm from MaryB) he is opening a new consulting firmC) he failed to foresee major problemsD) he is running a successful business3. BA) the printer in the office has run out of paperB) the man may find the supplies in the cabinetC) the man can leave the discs in the office cabinetD) someone should be put in charge of office supplies4. DA) the woman can use his glasses to readB) he has the dictionary the woman wantsC) the dictionary is not of much help to himD) he has to use a magnifying glass to see clearly5. CA) seeking professional adviceB) adding some office furnitureC) redecorating her officeD)majoring in interior design6. AA) shortage of container shipsB) improvement of port facilitiesC) delayed shipment of goodsD) problems in port management7. AA) a colleagueB) their bossC) their workloadD) a coffee machine8.CA) call the hotel manager for helpB) get an expert to correct the errorC) hold the banquet at a different placeD) postpone the event until a later date9. DA) he cooks dinner for the family occasionallyB) he dines out from time to time with friendsC) he shares some of the household dutiesD) he often goes back home late for dinner10. DA) to take him to dinnerB) to discuss an urgent problemC) to talk about a budget planD) to pass on an important message11. CA) foreign investors are losing confidence in India s economyB) Many multinational enterprises are withdraw from IndiaC) there is a sharp increase in India s balance of payment deficitD) there are wild fluctuations in the international money market12. DA) they try to adapt to their changing rolesB) they form a more realistic picture of lifeC) they may not be prepared for a lifelong relationshipD) they have unrealistic expectations about the other half13. AA) he is lucky to be able to do what he lovesB) he is able to meet many interesting people。

12月大学英语四级听力第一套真题（2）

12月大学英语四级听力第一套真题（2）2015年12月大学英语四级听力第一套真题长对话2M: Hello, yes?W: Is that the Sales Department ?M: Yes, it is.W: My name is James K of JPF Lmt. We need supplies for our design office.M: Oh, what sort?W: Well, first of all, we need one complete new drawing board.M: DO44? Or DO45?W: Oh, I don’t know, what’s the difference?M: Well, the 45 costs 15 pounds more.W: So what’s the total price then?M: It’s 387 pounds.W: That included VAT?M: Oh, I’m not sure. Most of the prices do, yes, I think it does.W: What are the boards actually made of?M: Oh I don’t know. I think it’s sort of plastic staff these days? It’s white anyway.W: And how long does it take to deliver?M: I couldn’t really say, it depends on how much work we’ve got and how many other orders there are to send out, you know.W: Now we also need some drawing pens, ink and rulers, and some drawing papers.M: Oh, dear. The girl that takes orders for supplies isn’t herethis morn ing. So I can’t take those orders for you. I only did the equipment as you see.W: OK, perhaps I’ll ring back tomorrow.M: So do you want the drawing board then?W: I have to think about it. Thanks very much, I’ll let you know. Good bye.M: Thank you. Good bye.Q12: What is the woman’s purpose in making the phone call? 12.A. To return some goods.B. To apply for a job.C. To place an order.D. To make a complaint.Q13: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?13.A. He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B. He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C. He has not worked in the sales department for long.D. He works on a part-time basis for the company.Q14: What does the man say about the delivery?14.A. It is not his responsibility.B. It will be free for large orders.C. It costs 15 more for express delivery.D. It depends on a number of factors.Q15: What dose the woman say she will possibly do tomorrow?15.A. Report the information to her superior.B. Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C. Ring back when she comes to a decision.D. Make inquiries with some other companies.Passage1No one knows for sure just how old kites are. in fact, they have being used for centuries. 25 centuries ago, kites were well known in China. these first kites were probably made of wood. they may even have been covered with silk because silk was used a lot at that time. early kites were built for certain purpose. in ancient China, they were used to carry ropes across rivers. once across, the ropes were tied down and wooden bridges were hung from them. legend tells of one general who flew musical kites over the enemy's camp. the enemy fled, believing the sounds to be the warning voices of angels. by the 15th century, many people flew kites in Europe. Marco Polo may have brought the kite back from his visit to china. the kite has been linked to great names and events . for instance, Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove the lightening is electricity. he flew the kite in a storm, he did this in order to draw lightening from the clouds. he tied a metal key and a strip of silk to the kite line. the silk ribbon will stop the lightening from passing through his body. Benjamin Franklin's idea was first laughed at. but later on, it lead to the invention of lightening rod. with such grand history, kite flying in short remain an entertaining and popular sport.16. What does the speaker say about kites?A. No one knows exactly where they were ??B. No one knows for sure when they came into being.C. No one knows for what purpose they were ?D. No one knows what they will17. What did ancient Chinese use kites to do?A. Carry ropes across rivers.B. Measure the speed of wind.C. Pass on secret messages.D. Give warnings of danger.18. Why did Benjamin Franklin fly a kite in a storm?A. To protect houses against lightning.B. To test the effects of the lightning rod.C. To find out the strength of silk for kites.D. To prove the lightning is electricity.Passage2I have learned many languages, but i’ve not mastered them the way professional interpreter or translator has. Still, they have opened doors for me. They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contests and help me get those jobs. Like many people who have lived overseas for a while, I simply got crazy about it. I can’t imagine living my professional or social life without international interactions. Since 1977, I have spent much more time abroad than in the United States. I like going to new places, eating new foods, and experiencing new cultures. If you can speak the language, it’s easier to get to know the country and its people. If I have the time and money, I would live for a year in these countries as possible. Beyond my career, my facility with languages has given me a few rare opportunities. Once just after I returned from my year in Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at an Olympic level horse event. I learned a lot about this board. In japan, once when I was in the studio audience of a TV cooking show, I was asked to go up on this stage and taste the beef dish that was being prepared, and tell what I thought. They asked, “Was it as good as American beef?” It was very exciting for me to be on Japanese TV speaking in Japanese about how delicious the beef was.Questions 19-22 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q19: What does the speaker say about herself?A. She enjoys teaching languages,B. She can speak several languages,C. She was trained to be an interpreter.D. She was born with a talent for languages.Q20: What does the speaker say about many people who have lived overseas for a while?A. They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B. They would like to live abroad permanently.C. They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D. They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.Q21: How did the speaker’s experience living in Vienna benefit her?A. She became an expert in horse racing.B. She got a chance to visit several European countries.C. She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D. She learned to appreciate classical music.Q22: What was the speaker asked to do in a Japanese studio?A. Taste the beef and give her comment.B. Take part in a cooking competition.C. Teach vocabulary for food in ??D. Give cooking lessons onPassage3Dr. Ban Carson grew up in a poor single-parent household in Detroit. His mother who had only a third-grade-education works two jobs cleaning bathrooms. To his classmates and even to his teachers, he was sort of as the dumnest kid in the class according to his own not so found memories. He had a terrible temper, andonce threaten to kill another child. Dr. Carson was headed down a path of self-distraction until a critical moment in his youth. His mother convinced that she had to do sth. dramatic to prevent him from leading a life of failure and lay down some rules. He could not watch TV except for 2 programs a week, could not play with his friends after school until he finished his homework, and had to read 2 books a week and write book reports about them. His mother’s strategy worked. “Of course, I didn’t know she couldn’t read, so there I was submitting these reports.” he said. She would play checkmarks on them like she had been reading them. As I began to read about scientists, economists, and philosophers, I started imagine myself in that shoes. As he got in the habit of hard work, his grades began to sore. Ultimately, he received scholarship to attend Yale University. And later, he was admitted to the University of Michig an Medical School. He’s now a leading surgeon at John’s Medical School. And he’s also the author of three books.Q23: What do we learn about Ban Carson?A. He had only a third-grade education.B. He once threatened to kill his teacher.C. He grew up in a poor single-parent householdD. He often helped hisQ24: What did BC’s classmates and teachers think of him when he was first at school?A. Careless.B. Stupid.C. Brave.D. Active.Q25: What did BC’s mother tell him to do when he was a school boy?A. Write two book reports a week.B. Keep a diary.C. Help with housework.D. Watch education??When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? There are other 26 heavenly bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most 27 fascinating of these is a comet(彗星).Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed. They are 28 made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gases. 29 Now and then these “dirty snowballs” begin to orbit the sun, just as the planets do.As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gases in it begin to unfreeze. They 30 combined with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun, a solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet, thus forming its tail. The tail and the 31 generally fuzzy(模糊的) atmosphere around a comet are 32characteristics that can help identify this 33 phenomenon in the night sky.In any given year, about a dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all, of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the 34 naked eye. Comet Hale-Bopp, discovered in 1995, was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit brought it 35 relatively close to the Earth, within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another four thousand years or so.。

12月大学英语四级听力第一套真题

12月大学英语四级听力第一套真题2015年12月大学英语四级听力第一套真题很多语言学家认为：可以通过培养听力技能来有效地提高说的能力。

为了帮助大家，店铺分享了一些英语四级听力真题，欢迎阅读!1. BMan: Do you remember the wonderful film on Space Exploration we watched together last month?Woman: Sure. It’s actually the most impressive one I’ve seen on that topic.Question: What do we learn about the speakers?A. They admire the courage of space explorers.B. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.C. They were going to watch a wonderful movie.D. They like doing scientific exploration very much.2. AWoman: Are you looking for anything in particular?Man: Yes. My son is graduating from high school. And I want to get him something special.Question: Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a gift shop.B. At a graduation ceremony.C. In the office of a travel agency.D. In a school library.3. CMan: Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery.Woman: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there, but he turned it down.Question: What does the woman say about Mike?A. He used to work in the art gallery.B. He does not have a good memory.C. He declined a job offer form the art gallery.D. He is not interested in any part-time jobs.4. DWoman: Would you like to come to Susan’s birthday party tomorrow evening?Man: I’m going to give a lecture tomorrow. I wish I could be in two places at the same time.Question: What does the man mean?A. Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.B. He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.C. The woman should have informed him earlier.D. He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5. BWoman: Aren’t you discouraged by the slow progress your stuff is making?Man: Yes. I think I’ll give them a deadline and hold them to it. Question: What is the man probably going to do?A. Reward those having made good progress.B. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C. Assign more workers to the project.D. Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6. AWoman: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the visitors’ parking is? I left my car there.Man: Sure. It’s in Lot C. Over that way.Question: What does the woman want to know?A. The way to the visitor’s parking.B. The rate for parking in LotC.C. How far away the parking lot is.D. Where she can leave her car.7. DWoman: You look great, now that you’ve taken those fitness classes.Man: Thanks. I’ve never feel better in my life.Question: What does the man mean?A. He regrets missing the classes.B. He plans to take the fitness classes.C. He is looking forward to a better life.D. He has benefited form exercise.8. DWoman: I really admire the efficiency of your secretaries?Man: Our company select only the bests. They have a heavy work load and we give them a lot of responsibilities.Question: What are the speakers talking about?A. How to ? work efficiency.B. How to select secretaries.C. The responsibilities of secretaries.D. The secretaries in the man’s compan y.长对话1W：Hi, Leo, why do you say English will become the world language?M: Well, for one thing it’s so commonly used. The only language that is used by more people is Chinese.W: Why is English spoken by so many people?M: It spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire. And now, of course, there is influence of America as well.W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.M: All language are difficult to learn. But English does have two great advantages.W: What are they?M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words from other languages as well.W: Why is that?M: Well, partly because English speakers has traveled a lot. They bring back words with them. So English really does has an international vocabulary.W: What’s the other advantage of English?M: It’s that the English grammar is quite easy. For example, it doesn’t have dozens of different endings foe as nouns, adj and verbs, not like Latin, German for example.W: Why is that?M: Well, it’s quite interesting actually. It’s because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language. And only the common people spoke English. They tried to make the language as simple as possible. So they made the grammar easier.Q9: What does the man say about Chinese.9.A. It is more difficult to learn than English.B. It is used by more people than English.C. It will be as commonly used as English.D. It will eventually become a world language.Q10: What made English a widely used English?10.A. It has words from many languages,B. Its popularity with the common people.C. The influence of the British Empire.D. The effect of the Industrial Revolution,Q11: What is said to be special about English vocabulary?11.A. It includes a lot of words form other languages.B. It has a growing number of newly coined words,C. It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.D. It is the largest among all languages in the world.下载文档润稿写作咨询。

英语四级真题2015年12月英语四级考试真题(第1套)大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷及参考答案

2015年12月英语四级考试真题试卷（第一套）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Listening is more important than talking?"You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of paying attention to others'opinions.You should write at least120words but no more than180 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ PartⅡListening Comprehension(30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear8short conversations and2long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A,B,C,and D.and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer.Sheet I with a single line through the center.1.A)They admire the courage of space explorers.B)They were going to watch a wonderful movie.C)They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.D)They like doing scientific exploration very much.2.A)In a school library.B)At a gift shop.C)In the office of a travel agency.D)At a graduation ceremony.3.A)He used to work in the art gallery.B)He does not have a good memoiy.C)He is not interested in any part-time jobs.D)He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4.A)He will be unable to attend the birthday party.B)The woman should have informed him earlier.C)He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.D)Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow.5.A)Set a deadline for the staff to meet.B)Assign more workers to the project.C)Reward those having made good progress.D)Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6.A)Where she can leave her car.B)The rate for parking in Lot C.C)How far away the parking lot is.D)The way to the visitor's parking.7.A)He regrets missing the classes.B)He has benefited from exercise.C)He plans to take the fitness classes.D)He is looking forward to a better life.8.A)How to select secretaries.B)How to raise work efficiency.C)The responsibilities of secretaries.D)The secretaries in the man's company. Questions9to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A)It is used by more people than English.B)It is more difficult to learn than English.C)It will be as commonly used as English.D)It will eventually become a world language.10.A)Its popularity with the common people.B)The effect of the Industrial Revolution.C)The influence of the British Empire.D)Its loan words from many languages.11.A)It has a growing number of newly coined words.B)It includes a lot of words from other languages.C)It is the largest among all languages in the world.D)It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)To place an order.B)To apply for a job.C)To return some goods.D)To make a complaint.13.A)He works on a part-time basis for the company.B)He has not worked in the sales department for long.C)He is not familiar with the exact details of the goods.D)He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.14.A)It is not his responsibility.B)It win be free for large orders.C)It depends on a number of factors.D)It costs￡15more for express delivery.15.A)Make inquiries with some other companies.B)Report the information to her superior.C)Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.D)Ring back when she comes to a decision.Section BDirections：In this section,you will hear3short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C.and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the center.Questions16to18are based on the conversation you have just heard.16.A)No one knows for sure when they came into being.B)No one knows exactly where they were first made.C)No one knows for what purpose they were invented.D)No one knows what they will look like in the future.17.A)Measure the speed of wind.B)Give warnings of danger.C)Pass on secret messages.D)Carry ropes across rivers.18.A)To find out the strength of silk for kites.B)To test the effects of the lightning rod.C)To prove that lightning is electricity.D)To protect houses against lightning. Passage TwoQuestions19to22are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)She was born with a talent for languages.B)She was trained to be an interpreter.C)She can speak several languages.D)She enjoys teaching languages.20.A)They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.B)They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.C)They acquire an immunity to culture shock.D)They would like to live abroad permanently.21.A)She became an expert in horse racing.B)She learned to appreciate classical music.C)She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D)She got a chance to visit several European countries.22.A)Take part in a cooking competition.B)Taste the beef and give her comment.C)Teach vocabulary for food in English.D)Give cooking lessons on Western food. Passage ThreeQuestions23to25are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A)He had only a third-grade education.B)He once threatened to kill his teacher.C)He often helped his mother do housework.D)He grew up in a poor single-parent family.24.A)Stupid.B)Active.C)Brave.D)Careless.25.A)Watch educational TV programs only.B)Write two book reports a week.C)Help with housework.D)Keep a diary.Directions:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky,what do you see?There are other__26__bodies out there besides the moon and stars.One of the most__27__of these is a comet(彗星).Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed.They are__28__ice and other frozen liquids and gases.__29__these"dirty snowballs"begin to orbit the sun,just as the planets do.As a comet gets closer to the sun,some gases in it begin to unfreeze.They__30__dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud.As the comet gets even nearer to the sun,a solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet,thus forming its tail.The tail and the__31__fuzzy(模糊的) atmosphere around a comet are__32__that can help identify this__33__in the night sky.In any given year,about a dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits.The average person can't see them all,of ually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the__34__et Hale-Bopp,discovered in1995,was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit brought it__35__close to the Earth,within122million miles of it.But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit.It won't be back for another four thousand years or so.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions36to45are based on the following passage.Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society.However,they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is__36__different from that of an industrial society.As informatization progresses in society,the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.It seems that the information society__37__the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information.But such a view is a__38__analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media.A different__39__is possible when the actual amount of information__40__by the user is taken into account.In fact,the more information__41__throughout the entire society,the wider the gap becomes between"information haves"and"information have-nots",leading to digital divide.According to recent studies,digital divide has been caused by three major__42__:class,sex,and generation.In terms of class,digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class.With__43__to sex,digital divide exists between men and women.The greatest gap,however,is between the Net-generation,__44__ with personal computers and the Internet,and the older generation,__45__to an industrial society.A)accustomed B)acquired C)assembly D)attribute E)championsF)elements G)expands H)familiar I)flows J)fundamentallyK)interpretation L)passive M)regard N)respectively O)superficial Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Joy:A Subject Schools LackBecoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.A)When Jonathan Swift proposed,in1729,that the people of Ireland eat their children,he insisted it would solve three problems at once:feed the hungry masses,reduce the population during a severe depression,and stimulate the restaurant business.Even as a satire(讽刺),it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture.But actually,the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.B)If you spend much time with educators and policy makers,you'll hear a lot of the following words:"standards,""results,""skills,""self-control,""accountability,"and so on.I have visited some of the newer supposedly"effective"schools,where children shout slogans in order to leam self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can't sit still.C)A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when people think about education,they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child,or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.D)I'm a mother of three,a teacher,and a developmental psychologist.So I've watched a lot of children—talking,playing,arguing,eating,studying,and being young.Here's what I've come to understand.The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance,nor their lack of skills.It's their enormous capacity for joy.Think of a3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub,a5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of puttingtogether strings of nonsensical words with her best friends,or an11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip.A child's ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and derive intense pleasure from that absorption,is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.E)A friend told me the following story.One day,when he went to get his7-year-old son from soccer practice,his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice.The coach had criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills.The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down.He seemed wrapped in sadness.But just before he reached the car door,he suddenly stopped,crouching(蹲伏)down to peer at something on the sidewalk. His face went down lower and lower,and then,with complete joy he called out,"e here. This is the strangest bug I've ever seen.It has,like,a million legs.Look at this.It's amazing."He looked up at his father,his features overflowing with energy and delight."Can't we stay here for just a minute?I want to find out what he does with all those legs.This is the coolest ever."F)The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant byproduct of youth—something to be pushed aside to make room for more important qualities, like perseverance(坚持不懈),obligation,and practicality.Yet moments like this one are just the kind of intense Absoiption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking.Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy.Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things:reading novels instead of playing with small figures,conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub,and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words,for example.In some cases,schools should help children find new,more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy:making art,making friends,making decisions.G)Building on a child's ability to feel joy,rather than pushing it aside,wouldn't be that hard.It would just require a shift in the education world's mindset(思维模式).Instead of trying to get children to work hard,why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful,productive activity,like making things,working with others,exploring ideas,and solving problems?These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.H)Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish,or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in a nation where there is awful poverty,low academic achievement,and high dropout rates,think again.The more horrible the school circumstances,the more important pleasure is to achieving any educational success.I)Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with,often because they are pressured by their administrators,treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility. The assumption is that children shouldn't chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead,they should leain to delay gratification(快乐)so that they can pursue abstract goals,like going to college.J)Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children,it makes no sense educationally.Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school,kids need to want to learn.You can force a child to stay in his or her seat,fill out a worksheet,or practice division.But you can't force the child to think carefully,er\joy books,digest complex information,or develop a taste for learning.To make that happen,you have to help the child find pleasure inlearning—to see school as a source of joy.K)Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine;unpleasant,but necessary and good for you.Why not instead think of learning as if it were food—something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure?L)Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs.The more difficult a child's life circumstances,the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her classroom. "Pleasure"is not a dirty word.And it doesn't run counter to the goals of public education.It is,in fact,the precondition.46.It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of thinking.47.What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they are doing.48.Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.49.It is human nature to seek joy in life.50.Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.51.Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful experience.52.Adults do not consider children's feelings when it comes to education.53.Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational goals.54.In the so-called"effective"schools,children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.55.To make learning effective,educators have to ensure that children want to leam.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C.And D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer.Sheet2with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions56to60are based on the following passage.When it's five o'clock,people leave their office.The length of the workday,for many workers,is defined by time.They leave when the clock tells them they're done.These days,the time is everywhere-,not just on clocks or watches,but on cell-phones and computers.That may be a bad thing,particularly at work.New research shows that clock-basedwork schedules hinder morale(士气)and creativity.Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours.For example:a meeting from9a. m.to10a.m.,research from10a.m.to noon,etc.On the other hand,task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish.They work down the list,each task starts when the previous task is completed.It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.What,then,are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways?Does one make us more productive?Better at the tasks at hand?Happier?In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier,they had participants organize different activities—from project planning,holiday shopping,to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under "clock time"vs"task time."They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control Over their lives.Task timers are happier and more creative,but less productive.They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening,and seize opportunities that come up.The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in business culture.Smart companies,they believe,will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office,but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy:work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need,and be,to some extent,clock-timers,task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity.It'll make those tasks easier,and the task-doers will be happier.56.What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?A)It makes everybody time-conscious.B)It is a convenience for work and life.C)It may have a negative effect on creative work.D)It clearly indicates the fast pace of modem life.57.How do people usually go about their work according to the author?A)They combine clock-based and task-based planning.B)They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.C)They set a time limit for each specific task.D)They accomplish their tasks one by one.58.What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?A)They seize opportunities as they come up.B)They always get their work done in time.C)They have more control over their lives.D)They tend to be more productive.59.What do the researchers say about today's business culture?A)It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.B)It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.C)It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers'lives.D)It aims to bring employees'potential and creativity into full play.60.What do the researchers suggest?A)Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.B)It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C)Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D)A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.Passage TwoQuestions61to65are based on the following passage.Martha Stewart was charged,tried and convicted of a crime in2004.As she neared the end of her prison sentence,a well-known columnist wrote that she was"paying her dues,"and that" there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew."Surely,the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful.Unfortunately,many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans,who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least65million people in the United States have a criminal record.This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person's individual ws can restrict or ban voting,access to public housing,and professional and business licensing.They can affect a person's ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all,more than45,000laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life.Some laws make sense.No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia(恋童癖)work in a school.But too often collateral(附随的)consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive,since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job,two key factors that reduce backsliding.A recent report makes several recommendations,including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties,except for those specifically needed to protect public safety.Where the penalties are not a must,they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.The point is not to excuse or forget the crime.Rather,it is to recognize that in America's vast criminal justice system,second chances are crucial.It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。