深圳上步中学中考模拟题(修改版)

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2023年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考三模数学试题

2023年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考三模数学试题

2023年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考三模数学试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________....国家统计局网站公布我国2021年年末总人口约1412600000人,数据1412600000科学记数法可以表示为().814.126101.412610⨯D.0.14126⨯B.1.41268.如图是由4个相同的小正方体组成的几何体,它的主视图是()....A.B.C..位评委给出的分数,制作了此表,如果去掉一个最高分和一个最低分,则表中数据一定不发生变化的是()①AE⊥BF;②QB=QF;③A.4B.3二、填空题11.在实数范围内分解因式:12.一个多边形每个外角都是13..如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠为圆心,大于DE15.如图,已知O的半径为2,弦内心,当点P从点A向点B运动时,点三、计算题16.计算:|12|2sin45(3.14︒--+17.先化简,再求代数式22 x x -÷四、作图题18.某学校开展学生读书月活动,为了了解学生每天读书情况,教务处随机抽取了部分学生,了解他们每天读书时长情况,并按时长分为4个等级:A.少于5分钟、B.5分钟到15分钟、C.大于15分钟到30分钟、D.30分钟以上,并将调查结果绘制成了两幅不完整的统计图,请回答下列问题:(1)这次被调查的学生共有___________人;(2)请你将图(2)补充完整;(3)D 所对应的圆心角的度数为___________︒;(4)如果该校有1500名学生,请你根据调查数据估计,该校每天读书时长超过15分钟的学生大约有多少人?五、证明题19.如图,AB 是O 的直径,AC 切O 于点A ,连接BC 交O 于点D ,点E 是 BD的中点,连接AE 交BC 于点F .(1)求证:AC CF =;(2)若43AB AC ==,,求BAE ∠的正切值.六、解答题20.莱芜区是全国优质生姜主产地,某加工厂加工生姜的成本为20元/千克,根据市场调查发现,批发价定为32元/千克时,每天可销售400千克,为增大市场占有率,在保证盈利的情况下,工厂采取降价措施.批发价每千克降低1元,每天销量可增加40千克.(1)写出工厂每天的利润W 元与降价x 元之间的函数关系.当降价5元时,工厂每天的利润为多少元?(2)当降价多少元时,工厂每天的利润最大,最大为多少元?七、作图题12八、问答题22.问题背景:小李在探究几何图形的时候,发现了一组非常神奇的性质:如图1,等边三角形ABC CDE ,中,连接AD BE ,可以得到≌ACD BCE V V ,好学的他发问取。

广东省深圳市福田区上步中学2024届中考物理最后冲刺浓缩精华卷含解析

广东省深圳市福田区上步中学2024届中考物理最后冲刺浓缩精华卷含解析

广东省深圳市福田区上步中学2024届中考物理最后冲刺浓缩精华卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。

用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。

2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。

答案不能答在试题卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、单选题(本大题共10小题,共30分)1.图中用来减小压强的是A.轴承B.篆刻刀C.破窗锤D.铁路枕木2.下列物体通常情况下属于导体的是A.铅笔芯B.塑料尺C.橡皮擦D.玻璃杯3.如图所示电路中,闭合开关,将滑动变阻器的滑片P从a向b滑动时,灯的亮度A.变亮B.变暗C.先变亮后变暗D.先变暗后变亮4.如图,用滑轮组提升重物时,重800N的物体在10s内匀速上升了1m.已知拉绳子的力F为500N,则提升重物的过程中A.绳子自由端被拉下3m B.做的有用功是800JC.拉力F的功率是80W D.滑轮组的机械效率是60%5.下列与声现象有关的说法中,正确的是()A.“闻其声,知其人”是根据声音的音调来判断的B.长笛演奏者吹奏时抬起不同的手指,就会改变振动的空气柱长度从而改变长笛的音色C.用大小不同的力拨动同一根琴弦,主要是改变声音的响度D.摩托车发动机的排气管上附加消声器是在传播过程中减弱噪声6.如图所示,R0为定值电阻,R1为滑动变阻器,A1,A2为实验室用电流表(接线柱上标有“﹣”,“0.6”,“3”),闭合开关后,调节滑片P.使两电流表指针所指位置相同.下列说法正确的是()A.电流表A1与A2的示数之比为1:4 B.通过R0与R1的电流之比为4:1C.R0与R1两端的电压之比为1:4 D.R0与R1的阻值之比为4:17.关于能源、材料和粒子,下列说法中正确的是A.电饭锅用超导材料做加热器可以大大提高电能转化为内能的效率B.原子核式结构模型是卢瑟福根据科学猜想建立起来的C.破镜难以重圆,是因为分子间存在斥力D.太阳能、风能、核能是可再生能源8.位于山西永济普救寺中的莺莺塔如图所示,它是我国现有的四大回音建筑之一。

深圳市福田区上步中学初三化学中考复习试卷

深圳市福田区上步中学初三化学中考复习试卷

深圳市福田区上步中学初三化学中考复习试卷一、选择题(培优题较难)1.在托盘天平(灵敏度极高)两边各放一只等质量的烧杯,在两只烧杯里各加入足量、等质量、等质量分数的稀盐酸,调节天平至平衡,然后向左端烧杯加入 5.6克铁,要使天平再次平衡,应向右边烧杯加入A.5.4克氧化钙 B.5.6克铜 C.6克镁 D.10克碳酸钙【答案】A【解析】天平的两边增加的量相同时天平才能仍然平衡。

5.6克铁和足量的盐酸反应生成0.2g氢气,氧化钙和盐酸反应生成盐和水,没有气体逸出,增加的量为5.4g,天平平衡;5.6g铜和酸不反应,增加的量为5.6g;6g镁和酸反应生成气体0.5g;增加5.5g;10g碳酸钙和足量的酸反应生成二氧化碳4.4g,增加5.6g;选A点睛:天平的平衡问题的关键是余下的物质一样多,天平平衡。

2.往AgNO3和Cu(NO3)2的混合溶液中加入一定量的铁粉,充分反应后,有金属析出,过滤、洗涤后往滤渣中加入稀盐酸,有无色气体放出,则滤液中一定存在的物质是A.Fe(NO3)2B.Fe(NO3)3C.Cu(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)2D.AgNO3、Cu(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)2【答案】A【解析】根据金属银、铜、铁的活动性由强到弱的顺序铁>铜>银,当把铁粉加入到AgNO3和Cu(NO3)2的混合溶液中,首先和硝酸银反应生成银和硝酸亚铁,银被置换完剩余的铁再与硝酸铜反应生成硝酸亚铁和铜;过滤后向滤渣中滴加稀盐酸,有气泡,说明加入的铁有剩余.因此,滤液中只含有Fe(NO3)2、滤渣中一定含有Ag、铜、铁的结论.选A点睛:金属活动顺序表:K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Sn Pb H Cu Hg Ag Pt Au,在金属活动顺序表中,排在氢前边的金属能和酸发生置换反应生成盐和氢气。

金属的位置越靠前,金属的活动性越强。

位置靠前的金属能将位于其后的金属从它的盐溶液中置换出来。

3.如图是物质的分类及部分转化关系图,有关说法不正确的是A.转化a一定是化学变化B.转化b一定是化学变化C.转化b中一定有元素的存在形态发生改变D.分离液态空气制取氧气属于转化c【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】转化a不一定是化学变化,可能是物理变化,比如过滤可以将固体物质和溶于水中的物质分开。

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考英语模拟精编试卷含答案

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考英语模拟精编试卷含答案

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考英语模拟精编试卷含答案注意事项1.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置.3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符.4.作答选择题,必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案.作答非选择题,必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答,在其他位置作答一律无效.5.如需作图,须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚,线条、符号等须加黑、加粗.Ⅰ. 单项选择1、While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.A.was watching, was hearing B.watched, was hearingC.watched, heard D.was watching, heard2、—It’s not good for students to study all day long.—They should give more attention to proper exercise and enough sleep, health always come first.A.so far B.after all C.for example D.at all3、Of course, the boy will be recommended to be this year's Top Ten Teenagers in Wuxi, because he is easy-going, smart and _____ hard-working.A.after all B.above all C.in all D.first of all4、— Excuse me. How can I get to Shanzihe Airport?—Take Shanghai Road, follow the __________ and you can’t miss it.A.way B.traffic C.notices D.signs5、— The 19th National Congress of the CPC(中共十九大) in Beijing last year.— Our country has been into a new era(时代) since then.A.held B.was held C.has held D.had held6、—Did you do well in _______English exam last week? —Yes, I got_______ “A”.A.an; the B.the; an C.a;/D.the; a7、—I think using Wechat every night is a waste of time.—Yes. In fact, there are ▲ meaningful things to do.A.less B.more C.the least D.the most8、---I heard that you happened to be on the scene of the accident.---Yes. I was really_______ when the jaguar(捷豹) hit the truck.A.mad B.dead C.frightened D.bored9、--- The game named King of Glory really influence many teenagers.--- . It is easy for them to be crazy about it.A.Mainly B.Exactly C.Simply D.Mostly10、They tried to find a table for two, but they were all ______________.A.given away B.kept away C.used up D.taken upⅡ. 完形填空11、I had walked along the sea for about an hour until I began to feel hungry. It was seven. At that time I was not far from a favourite 1 of mine, where I often went to eat two or three times a week. I knew the owner well.I went into the restaurant, which was already crowded, and ordered my meal. While I was waiting, I looked 2 to see if I knew anyone in the restaurant. Then I saw a man sitting at a corner table near the door keeping looking in my direction, as if he knew me. I certainly didn't know him, for I 3 forgot a face. The man had a newspaper 4 in front of him, 5 I could see that he was keeping an eye on me. When the 6 brought my soup, the man was puzzled by the familiar 7 that waiter and I called each other. He could see that I was well taken in the restaurant. At last, he got up and went into the kitchen. After a few minutes he came out again, 8 for his meal and left.When I had finished, I called the owner of the restaurant and asked him 9 the man had wanted. The owner told me he was a detective. "Really?" I was 10 . "He was certainly interested in 11 . But why?" I asked."He followed you because he thought you were the man he was looking 12 ," the owner said. "When he came into the kitchen, he showed me a 13 of the man. You certainly looked like him! Of course, since we know you, I told him that he had 14 .'It was lucky I came to a restaurant where I was known, or I might have been 15 !1.A.supermarket B.restaurant C.playground D.store2.A.for B.at C.around D.like3.A.always B.often C.sometimes D.never4.A.open B.closed C.folded D.broken5.A.and B.but C.so D.or6.A.waiter B.cook C.cashier D.driver7.A.person B.food C.way D.manner8.A.paid B.took C.spent D.cost9.A.that B.what C.when D.which10.A.worried B.excited C.surprised D.sad11.A.you B.her C.us D.me12.A.up B.like C.at D.for13.A.book B.photo C.paper D.magazine14.A.made a mistake B.told the truth C.told a lie D.kept secret15.A.punished B.awarded C.arrested D.encouragedⅢ. 语法填空12、My mother is a doctor. She is so busy 1.she isn’t able to get back home on time every day. And she has to work on weekends sometimes. So it’s hard for 2.(she) to do all the chores after work. As a member of the family, I think it’s my duty to share some housework. Though mother always says she doesn’t need any help, there are always things I can do. For example, I can help take out the rubbish and wash 3.dishes. I’m sure I can do them 4.(good).What’s more, I’m 5.(try) to be independent. I wash my own clothes, tidy up my bedroom and care for my things. I’m old enough to do these things. And I can’t d6.on my parents forever.I think she is the 7.(one) person I should thank. So show your 8.(thank) to your mom for everything she 9.(do). Just try your b10.to help her. I believe she will feel happy. Try it now.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

2023年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考化学模拟试卷(4月份)+答案解析(附后)

2023年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考化学模拟试卷(4月份)+答案解析(附后)

2023年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考化学模拟试卷(4月份)1. “天宫课堂”中,航天员在水球光学实验中打入的“人造空气”与我们身边的空气成分含量基本相同,“人造空气”中是混合物的是( )A. 氮气B. 氧气C. 稀有气体D. 二氧化碳2. 在蔬菜生长过程中,常喷洒农药防治病虫害.据有关专家介绍,用碱性溶液或清水浸泡,可使残留在蔬菜上的农药的毒性降低.因此,买来的蔬菜在食用前最好用稀碱水或清水浸泡一段时间,浸泡蔬菜时可加入适量( )A. 纯碱B. 白酒C. 白糖D. 食醋3. 下列化学用语与含义相符的是( )A.4个氢原子: B. 铝元素的化合价为价:C. 2个碳酸根离子:D. 2个氮分子:2N4. 下列实验操作正确的是( )A. 塞紧橡胶塞B. 检验氢气的纯度C. 检查装置气密性D. 检验二氧化碳5. 神舟飞船返回舱的“避火衣”是由钛合金等材料制成。

如图是钛元素在元素周期表中的相关信息,下列说法不正确的是( )A. 原子序数为22B. 核外电子数为22C. 元素符号为TiD. 相对原子质量为6. 推理和归纳是化学学习常用的思维方法。

下列推理正确的是( )A. 燃烧都有发光发热现象,则有发光发热现象的变化一定是燃烧B. 原子核一般由质子和中子构成,则所有原子一定具有质子和中子C. 某物质燃烧后生成和,则该物质一定含有C、H元素,可能含有O元素D. 单质是由一种元素组成的纯净物,则由一种元素组成的物质一定是单质7. 下列知识整理的内容有错误的一组是( )A、除杂的方法B、生活常识粗盐提纯——溶解、过滤、蒸发氯化钙溶液中混有盐酸——过量的碳酸钙、过滤中混有CO——通过灼热的氧化铜取暖防中毒——煤炉上放一壶水铅笔芯——不含铅含石墨硝酸钾是钾肥-补充钾元素C、实验安全注意事项D、化学物质与俗名氢气还原氧化铜——先通氢气后加热点燃可燃性气体——先验纯进入久未开启的菜窖——先做“灯火试验”固体二氧化碳——干冰氢氧化钠——烧碱碳酸钠——纯碱A.AB. BC. CD. D8. 歼是高态势感知、高机动性的隐形战斗机。

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学毕业升学考试模拟卷语文卷含解析

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学毕业升学考试模拟卷语文卷含解析

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学毕业升学考试模拟卷语文卷考生请注意:1.答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内,不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2.第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后,需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内,第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、积累1.下列各句中加点词语使用不恰当的一项是A.闻一多先生“说”了。

说得真痛快,动人心,鼓壮志,气冲斗牛....,声震天地!B.他们]响应国家号召,见异思...迁.,毅然放弃都市的优越条件,扎根西部建功立业。

C.事实证明,有许多书看一遍还不得,读两三遍就得了。

因此,重要的书必须反复阅读,每读一次都会觉得开卷有...益.。

D.港珠澳大桥的设计别具匠心....,它将连起世界上最具活力经济区,对香港、澳门、珠江三地经济社会一体化意义深远。

2.下列对病句的修改不正确...的一项是()A.在那些父母性格温和、情绪平和的孩子身上,往往笑容更多,幸福感更强,抗挫折能力更突出。

(删除“在”和“身上”)B.为迎接和承办第三届亚洲青年运动会,我市市容园林系统集中力量营造整洁有序、大气靓丽、优质宜居的城市形象。

(将“营造”改为“打造”)C.古朴的骑楼建筑修缮完成,见证了汕头百年商埠的盛衰,也是汕头华侨文化的一种载体和缩影。

(在“见证了”前面加“不仅是”)D.号称全球可折叠最快的华为5G手机——华为Mate X震撼发布,设计形态史无前例。

(把“最快的”放到“可折叠”前面)3.下列文学常识及课文内容的表述,有错误的一项是()A.鲁迅作品的主题有的轻松,如《朝花夕拾》中的《从百草园到三味书屋》《社戏》叙写的是童趣;有的沉重,如《呐喊》中的《故乡》《孔乙己》反映的则是社会的病态。

B.《观刈麦》是唐代现实主义诗人白居易的诗作,诗中描写农民冒着酷暑割麦子的情景,并借一位农妇之口,诉说当时租税的沉重和农民生活的痛苦。

2023-2024学年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考生物五模试卷含解析

2023-2024学年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考生物五模试卷含解析

2023-2024学年广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考生物五模试卷注意事项1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答;第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3.考试结束后,考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上,待监考员收回。

1、十九大报告提出“坚持人与自然和谐共生,必须树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念,实行最严格的生态环境保护制度,形成绿色发展方式和生活方式,为全球生态安全作出贡献”。

下列相关叙述正确的是()A.“绿水青山”中的绿色植物光合作用吸收二氧化碳生成氧气,对维持大气中碳•氧平衡起到了重要作用B.“绿水青山”中的绿色植物光合作用只能制造淀粉这一种有机物C.光合作用的实质就是绿色植物制造有机物,释放氧气,将有机物中的能量全部释放出来D.“绿水青山”中的绿色植物在白天只进行光合作用,夜晚只进行呼吸作用2、实验课上,同学们在显微镜下观察迎春叶横切永久装片,看到如下图结构。

下列叙述不正确的是A.制作装片时在玻片上滴一滴清水,便于材料展开B.叶片的上、下表皮细胞排列紧密,颜色接近透明C.与叶肉②处相比,①处含有的叶绿体数目更多D.据图可推测迎春叶片背面的颜色比正面深3、下列关于人类性别决定的叙述,正确的是A.受精作用完成后,孩子的性别就已经确定了B.性别由性染色体决定,与基因无关C.性染色体只存在于精子或卵细胞D.一对夫妇已经生了两个女孩,再生一胎一定是男孩4、下列关于遗传与变异的叙述,不正确的是()A.遗传与变异是自然界普遍存在的现象B.性状遗传的实质是通过生殖过程把基因传递给后代C.变异是指生物的遗传物质发生变化D.在生物的各种变异中,有的对生物体有利,有的对生物体有害5、真菌是真核生物,现在已经发现了七万多种真菌。

真菌共有的特征是()A.都是由菌丝构成B.都营寄生生活C.都能进行孢子生殖D.都能产生抗生素6、生活在人体大肠内的某些细菌能合成人体所需的维生素B12等,这类细菌与人体的关系是:()A.共生B.腐生C.寄生D.竞争7、如图是尿液形成示意图,下列说法错误的是()A.肾单位中的④也属于循环系统B.②和①中液体成分比较,氧和尿素含量减少C.若检测到③的液体成分中存在血细胞,可推知B处器官发生病变D.过程A和B分别代表滤过作用和重吸收作用8、自1978年诞生了世界上第一例“试管婴儿”以来,白衣天使为众多的不育不孕家庭送来了福音。

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考猜题化学试卷含解析

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考猜题化学试卷含解析

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考猜题化学试卷注意事项1.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置.3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符.4.作答选择题,必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案.作答非选择题,必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答,在其他位置作答一律无效.5.如需作图,须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚,线条、符号等须加黑、加粗.一、选择题(本题包括12个小题,每小题3分,共36分.每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.下图是某反应的微观示意图。

下列有关该反应的说法正确的是A.该反应属于置换反应B.反应前后氢元素的化合价没有发生变化C.图中的三种化合物都属于氧化物D.反应前后甲与丁变化的质量比为8:32.实验室里,用如图所示的装置还原氧化铁过程中,可能生成四氧化三铁、氧化亚铁或铁等固体物质。

关于该实验,下列说法错误的是()A.实验时,试管中澄清的石灰水变浑浊证明该反应有CO2气体生成B.实验结束时,玻璃管中红色的氧化铁粉末变成黑色,该产物不一定是铁粉C.反应后,玻璃管中的固体物质质量比反应前减少了,则减少的质量为CO2气体质量D.为了减少空气污染,应增加尾气处理装置3.根据你所学化学知识判断,下列说法不正确的是A.用加入熟石灰研磨,依据有无氨味产生来鉴别氯化铵和尿素两种化肥B.通过使用脱硫煤、集中供暖的方法减少二氧化硫的排放,减缓酸雨现象C.磷酸二氢铵、硝酸钾、尿素都属于复合肥料D.用燃烧后闻气味的方法鉴别衣服面料是羊毛、还是棉4.人体中的钙元素主要以羟基磷酸钙[Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2]的形式存在于骨骼和牙齿中,关于羟基磷酸钙的说法正确的是()A.该物质由四种元素组成B.该物质中钙元素与氢元素的质量比为5:1C.它的相对分子质量为1004gD.它属于有机化合物5.实验操作正确的是A.检验装置气密性B.取用块状固体C.取用粉末状固体D.读取液体体积A.A B.B C.C D.D6.如图是镁和氯两种元素的有关信息,则下列说法错误的是()A.镁原子结构图中X=8B.氯元素的原子序数为17C.镁是金属元素、氯是非金属元素D.镁和氯组成化合物的化学式为MgCl7.如图是元素周期表提供的硒元素的部分信息,下列有关硒的说法不正确的是()A.原子序数为34B.属于非金属元素C.元素符号为SeD.相对原子质量为78.96g8.生活与化学有着密切的关系。

深圳上步中学中考模拟题(修改版)

深圳上步中学中考模拟题(修改版)

第二部分笔试(75%)I. 选择填空:(15%)1. He has six good friends. One is in America, ______is in Japan, the others are inShanghai. A. another B. other C. the other D. the others2. He is ______a hard-working boy. A. very B. much C. so D. quite3. I’m pleased ______you again. A. to see B. seeing C. see D. for seeing4.May I borrow your dictionary?Sorry, I’m afraid I ______it at home. A. leave B. leftC. have leftD. have forgotten5.My classmate had an operation ______the left arm several days ago.A. onB. ofC. withD. by6.______you are in good health, you can do it better.A. IfB. AlthoughC. BecauseD. Until7.How do you feel? Terrible. I think I ______ a cold.A. catchB. have caughtC. have catchD. caught8.What ______here? There is blood on the ground.A. happenedB. has happenedC. will happenD. happening9.He’s never late for school, ______he? A. hasn’t B. has C. isn’t D is10.How long have you been here? ______.A. Ever since half past oneB. Half past oneC. An hour agoD. Since an hour11.I would like you ______ some chalk for me. A. to get B. getC. gettingD. got12.That’s very kind ______ you______ tell me what has happened.A. for, /B. of, tellingC. for, toD. of, to13.The detective asked Mr. Zhang ______ during May Day holiday.A. where he had goneB. where he had beenC. where had he goneD. where had he been14.He found ______interesting to talk to a little child.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it15.Which sentence is right?A.He has come to Shenzhen for three years.B.He has joined the singing group since last year.C.He has been away from his hometown since 1993.D.He has left his hometown for some years.II. 完型填空:(10%)Unfortunately man has killed wild animals, polluted rivers and ______forests through the ages. But lately people are beginning to realize that their own lives depend on the way they treat “Nature” and all living things in it.Man has ___2___ways of showing his love to nature. He says he loves it, but he often___3___ its beauty. While walking through the woods how many timeshave we picked flowers? Then later, as the ___4___wither(枯萎), we throw them away. That’s one of the reasons___5___ many k inds of plants and flowers have become rare. Or, have you ___6__wondered where all the thousands of New Year trees come from and what happens to them, once the parties are ___7___?Man destroys nature by___8___ the air. That’s probably the greatest danger__9___ our lives. The smoke from factories and gases from cars and trucks do not only harm the surrounding vegetation(周围植被), but affect our health, too. Therefore, something must be______ to protect nature. And we should keep the balance of nature.1. A. cut down B. put down C. take down D. knock down2.A. lovely B. strange C. many D. much3.A. harms B. breaks C. injures D. destroys4.A. sticks B. leaves C. roots D. flowers5.A. what B. how C. why D. when6.A. still B. even C. ever D. quite7.A. finish B. end C. complete D. over8.A. to pollute B. polluting C. pollute D. polluted9.A. to B. of C. about D. for10.A. done B. do C. did D. to doIII. 阅读理解:(20%)AA four –year-old girl is lying in the arms of a doctor. She has just lost her mother. Her pink clothes are full of blood and her eyes look at something only she can see.Every day we can see pictures like this on our televisions. We can see Iraqi children begging for food and water from American and British soldiers as they move through towns and cities towards the capital, Baghdad(巴格达). We see these children following parents, carrying bags of almost the same size as their small bodies as they escape from their homes in Baghdad.They show just some of the young lives that have been turned upside down by ongoing war and the terrible price paid by Iraqi children.“Dad, why are the American fighting us? Are we going to be killed?” asks the son of Alu Singar, an Iraqi engineer. Alu finds it hard to explain this war to his eight-year old son.He tries to make him feel safe by saying, “The bombs(炸弹) are far away from us. The Americans are fighting the soldiers. We are going to be all right.” Even though Alu knows it isn’t always true, little else can be done. In Baghdad, parents give their children sleeping bills to try and let them escape from the sound of bombs. And all the schools are closed.Now things are worse and the ongoing war makes it impossible to count thenumber who are hungry, sick, hurt or even dead.1. What happened to the children in Iraq because of the war?A. The children will get better than before.B. The children beg for food and water from American and British soldiers.C. The children in Iraqi go away their homes in Baghdad.D. The children live a most terrible life.2. What does the word “ongoing” mean in Chinese?______.A. 正在进行的B. 非正义的C. 未授权的D. 影响恶劣的3. The father doesn’t tell the truth to his child because______.A. he wants to make his child not feel dangerousB. he and his child are afraid to lose each other in the warC. he doesn’t want his child to believe American soldiersD. he will lose his country and his home4. The war in Iraqi tells us that______.A. the Iraqi people in the war are much hungrier and worseB. we should help the Iraqi people to build their country againC. nothing can be done except fightingD. both A and B5. What would be the best title for the report?A. Iraqi Children during the WarB. Sickness, Death in IraqC. America and England Fight against IraqD. A Girl in the War in IraqBGARDEN RESTAURANTTelephone: 2706030Address: 9020 Snow White RoadOpen---Mon. to Fri. 7:00am-2:30 pm and 5:00 pm-9:00 pmSat. 7:00am-11:00am and 5:00 pm-9:00 pmSun. 11:00 am-2:00 pm and 5:00 pm-9:00 pmNEW YORK MUSEUMTelephone: 7364431Address: Vanier Park, 1100 Chestnut St. ,New YorkAmerica’s largest museum specializing in American history and art of our native peopleOpen---Mon. to Fri. 9:00am-5:00pm ( Monday free)Sat. 9:00am-1:00pmLANSDOWNE PARK SHOPPING CENTRETelephone: 3562367Address: 5300 No.3 RoadOpen---Mon. Tue. and Fri. 9:30am-5:30pmWed. Thur. and Sat 9:30am-9:30pmSun. 11:00am-5:00pmSKYLINE HOTELTelephone: 2785161Address: 3031 No. Road ( at Sea Island Way)The Hangar Den ---Wed. to Sun. Dinner from 5:30 pmCoffee Shop --- Mon. to Fri. 6:00 am Sat. 6:30am Sun.7:00amMon. to Wed.10:00pm Thur. to Sun.11:00am1.If you want to buy a jacket, you have to go to______.A. 3031 No. RoadB. 5300 No.3 RoadC. 9020 Snow White RoadD. 1100 Chestnut Street2. If you want to go out for lunch on Sundays, you can call up the number ______.A. 2706030B. 2785161C. 7364431D. 35623673. You don’t have to pay on Mondays if you go to______.A. Skyline HotelB. Lansdowne Park Shopping CentreC. New York MuseumD. Garden Restaurant4. If you want to enjoy yourself on Sunday mornings you can go to_____.A. Lansdowne Park Shopping CentreB. New York MuseumC. The Hangar DenD. Coffee Shop5. Visit New York Museum and you can know______.A. the history of America’s native peopleB. the history of New YorkC. the history of America and art of New York’s native peopleD. the art of New YorkCEveryone has his own birthday. People celebrate their birthdays in different countries in different ways. Now here are four people from different countries. They will tell us how they celebrate their birthdays in their countries.Mike comes from Madrid(马德里). He says happily, “My twenty-first birthday is on Saturday, and I’m going to go out with some friends. To wish me a happy birthday, they are going to pull on my ears 21 times, once for each year. It’s an old custom. Some people pull on the ear just once, but my friends are very traditional.(传统的)”Mr. and Mrs. Sato are from Tokyo. Mr. Sato is going to be 60 tomorrow. In Japan, the sixtieth birthday is called Kanreki –it’s the beginni ng of a new life. The colour red is for a new life, so we always give something red for a sixtieth birthday. Mrs. Sato says, “What am I going to give my husband? I can’t say. It’s a surprise.”Li Xiaomei from Beijing feels very excited and tells us, “Tomo rrow is my sixteenth birthday. It’s special birthday, so we are going to have a family party. I’m probably going to get some money in ‘lucky’ envelopes from my relatives. My mother is going to cook noodles---noodles are for a long life.”Evans, from Paris, smiles to us, “I ’m going to be 30 next week, so I’m going to invite three very good friends out to dinner. In France, when you have a birthday, you often invite people out. In some countries, I know it’s the opposite---people take you out.”How do you usually celebrate your birthday?根据短文判断正误,正确的写“A”,错误的写“B”。

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考物理模试卷含解析

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考物理模试卷含解析

2024届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考物理模试卷注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.答题时请按要求用笔。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁,不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一、单选题(本大题共10小题,共30分)1.下列能源中,属于可再生能源的是A.太阳能B.天然气C.煤炭D.石油2.手握圆柱形水杯,手和水杯都在空中静止,杯底所在的平面是水平面,如图所示。

下列各对力属于平衡力的是A.手对水杯的压力和水杯对手的压力B.水杯的重力与手对水杯的压力C.水杯的重力与手对水杯的静摩擦力D.水杯对手的静摩擦力与手对水杯的静摩擦力3.根据下表提供的数据,以下说法正确的是几种物质的比热容单位:×103J/(kg•℃)物质水酒精煤油水银冰砂石铝铜比热容 4.2 2.4 2.1 0.14 2.1 0.92 0.88 0.39A.液体的比热容一定比固体的大B.冰的比热容是2.1×103J/(kg•℃)表示1kg冰吸收的热量是2.1×103JC.质量相等的水和煤油,吸收相等热量后,水的温度变化大D.质量相等的铝块和铜块,升高相同的温度,铝块吸收的热量多4.人们的生活离不开工具,如图所示的工具在正常使用的过程中,属于费力杠杆的是A.羊角锤B.面包夹C.核桃夹D.瓶起子5.一通电螺线管中的电流方向和其周围磁感线的分布如图所示,其中正确的是A.B.C.D.6.提出“原子核式结构模型"的科学家是A.道尔顿B.卢瑟福C.汤姆逊D.安培7.如图所示,这是瓦特设计的蒸汽机,它以煤炭作为燃料,下列说法正确的是A.蒸汽机的功率越大,蒸汽机的效率就越高B.改进工艺,可以提高煤炭的热值,使蒸汽机的效率提高C.蒸汽机工作的时候将内能转化为机械能D.蒸汽机实际上也是一种活塞式内燃机8.一物块轻轻放入盛满煤油的大烧杯中,静止后有160g煤油溢出;将其轻轻放入盛满水的大烧杯中,静止后有180g 水溢出.已知煤油的密度是0.8×103kg/m3,则物块在水中静止时的状态及物块的密度分别是()A.下沉,1.1×103kg/m3B.漂浮,0.85×103kg/m3C.悬浮,1.0×103kg/m3D.漂浮,0.90×103kg/m39.下列实例中,通过做功的方式改变物体内能的是( )A.用锯条锯木头,锯条温度升高B.向饮料中加冰块,饮料温度降低C.寒冬,用热水袋暖手,手感到温暖D.盛夏,阳光曝晒路面,路面温度升高10.甲、乙两物体同时同地向东运动,运动的s-t图像如图所示,下列说法正确的是A.0~t1时间内以甲为参照物,乙是向东运动B.t1~t3时间内甲为匀速直线运动,t2时刻甲、乙两物体相遇C.0~t4时间内甲的平均速度比乙的平均速度大D.t2~t4时间内甲的速度小于乙的速度二、多选题(本大题共3小题,共12分)11.下列关于电和磁的说法正确的是A.用磁感线可以描述磁场的强弱B.电磁起重机利用了电流的磁效应C.只要导体在磁场中做切割磁感线运动,该导体中就会产生感应电流D.扬声器是利用通电导体在磁场中受到力的作用来工作的12.如图所示,将标有“12 V 6 W”的灯泡L1和“6 V6 W的灯泡L2并联后,接在6 V的电源上(设灯丝电阻不变),则A.两灯的实际功率之和等于12 WB.两灯的实际功率之和小于12 WC.灯泡L1比灯泡L2亮D.灯泡L2比灯泡L1亮13.在粗糙程度相同的水平面上,手推木块向右压缩轻质弹簧至图甲所示位置;松手后,木块最终静止在图乙所示位置。

2022届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考一模化学试题含解析

2022届广东省深圳市福田区上步中学中考一模化学试题含解析

2021-2022学年中考化学模似试卷考生须知:1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

一、单选题(本大题共15小题,共30分)1.如图是煤(主要含有碳元素)转化为水煤气过程中主要反应的微观示意图,下列有关该反应的叙述错误的是A.属于置换反应B.参加反应的两种物质的质量比为1:1C.反应前后原子总数不变D.反应前后元素的化合价发生了变化2.下列鉴别物质的两种试剂选择均正确的是选项待鉴别的物质鉴别试剂1 鉴别试剂2A 稀盐酸与稀硫酸碳酸钠溶液氯化钡溶液B 氯化铵溶液与氯化钠溶液硝酸银溶液熟石灰C 硝酸铵固体与氢氧化钠固体熟石灰水D 稀盐酸与氯化钾溶液无色酚酞氧化铜A.A B.B C.C D.D3.根据事物的某些相似性进行推理,并预测类似的可能性,是化学学习的一种重要思维方法,以下类推结果与实际不相符合的是()A.溶液具有均一性和稳定性,具有均一性和稳定性的液体一定是溶液B.盐酸能使紫色石蕊试液变红色,能使紫色石蕊试液变红色的物质一定呈酸性C.氢氧化钠溶液中有OH﹣,能与酸反应,氢氧化钾溶液中也有OH﹣,也能与酸反应D.收集比空气轻的气体可用向下排空气法,能用向下排空气法收集的气体一定比空气轻4.下列变化中,属于化学变化的是A.干冰升华B.河水结冰C.汽油挥发D.粮食酿酒5.有X、Y、Z三种金属,X在常温下就能与氧气反应,Y、Z在常温下几乎不与氧气反应。

如果把Y和Z分别放人稀盐酸中,Y溶解并产生氢气,Z不反应。

根据以上实验事实判断X、Y、Z三种金属的活动性由强到弱的顺序正确的是()A.Z>Y>XB.X>Z>YC.Y>Z>XD.X>Y>Z6.下列叙述正确的是A.电器因电线短路着火,立即用水浇灭B.侯德榜为火碱和氮肥工业的发展做出了贡献C.煤矿的矿井内常混有可燃性气体或粉尘,所以要经常通风,严禁烟火D.炒菜锅的手柄是热塑性塑料,所以耐热7.如图所示的实验操作中,正确的是A.测溶液pH B.氧气验满C.蒸发D.液体读数8.下列日常生活中常见的物质,可以看做纯净物的是A.铁锈B.蒸馏水C.食用盐D.汽油9.下列关于碳及碳的化合物的说法错误的是A.石墨、金刚石、C60的物理性质不同,但都属于碳的不同单质B.乙烯(X)的燃烧反应为X+3O22H2O+2CO2,则乙烯的分子式为C2H4C.含碳的化合物中甲烷、乙醇属于有机物,CO、CO2则属于无机物D.C6H6(苯)和C2H2(乙炔)中C、H原子个数比相同,但元素质量比不同10.关于物质的组成、结构、性质及变化规律的归纳中正确的是()A.石墨、金刚石、C60都是由碳元素组成的单质,性质相同B.氦原子与铁原子最外层电子数都是2,所以化学性质相似C.氢气、一氧化碳都具有还原性,可以与氧化铜发生置换反应D.某些非金属氧化物与碱能反应生成盐和水11.下列有关环境保护说法正确的是( )A.污染空气的气体主要有CO2、SO2、NO2B.为减少酸雨对环境的危害,应该禁止使用化石燃料C.大量使用农药、化肥,增加粮食产量D.回收废弃塑料可以节约资源,减少“白色污染”12.下列选项涉及化学变化的是A.用食醋除去保温瓶内壁的水垢B.熔化玻璃制成各种各样的仪器C.汽水瓶盖打开后,有大量的气泡逸出D.用镶有金刚石的玻璃刀裁玻璃13.下列有关实验及结论的描述正确的是()A.将溶液加热,通过检验是否有氨气产生判断溶液中含有铵根离子B.向溶液中加入硝酸银溶液有白色沉淀生成,证明溶液中含有氯离子C.向溶液中加入稀盐酸有气体产生,证明溶液中含有碳酸根离子或碳酸氢根离子D.向溶液中加入稀盐酸无现象,再加BaCl2溶液产生白色沉淀,证明溶液中含有硫酸根14.实验室有一定质量的碳酸钙和碳酸钡的固体混合物,与200g溶质质量分数为7.3%的盐酸恰好完全反应,将反应后的溶液燕干得到31.9g固体。

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第二部分笔试(75%)I. 选择填空:(15%)1. He has six good friends. One is in America, ______is in Japan, the others are inShanghai. A. another B. other C. the other D. the others2. He is ______a hard-working boy. A. very B. much C. so D. quite3. I‟m pleased ______you again. A. to see B. seeing C. see D. for seeing4.May I borrow your dictionary?Sorry, I‟m afraid I ______it at home. A. leave B. leftC. have leftD. have forgotten5.My classmate had an operation ______the left arm several days ago.A. onB. ofC. withD. by6.______you are in good health, you can do it better.A. IfB. AlthoughC. BecauseD. Until7.How do you feel? Terrible. I think I ______ a cold.A. catchB. have caughtC. have catchD. caught8.What ______here? There is blood on the ground.A. happenedB. has happenedC. will happenD. happening9.He‟s never late for school, ______he? A. hasn‟t B. has C. isn‟t D is10.How long have you been here? ______.A. Ever since half past oneB. Half past oneC. An hour agoD. Since an hour11.I would like you ______ some chalk for me. A. to get B. getC. gettingD. got12.That‟s very kind ______ you______ tell me what has happened.A. for, /B. of, tellingC. for, toD. of, to13.The detective asked Mr. Zhang ______ during May Day holiday.A. where he had goneB. where he had beenC. where had he goneD. where had he been14.He found ______interesting to talk to a little child.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it15.Which sentence is right?A.He has come to Shenzhen for three years.B.He has joined the singing group since last year.C.He has been away from his hometown since 1993.D.He has left his hometown for some years.II. 完型填空:(10%)Unfortunately man has killed wild animals, polluted rivers and ______forests through the ages. But lately people are beginning to realize that their own lives depend on the way they treat “Nature” and all living things in it.Man has ___2___ways of showing his love to nature. He says he loves it, but he often___3___ its beauty. While walking through the woods how many times have we picked flowers? Then later, as the ___4___wither(枯萎), we throw themaway. That‟s one of the reasons___5___ many k inds of plants and flowers have become rare. Or, have you ___6__wondered where all the thousands of New Year trees come from and what happens to them, once the parties are ___7___?Man destroys nature by___8___ the air. That‟s probably the greatest danger__9___ our lives. The smoke from factories and gases from cars and trucks do not only harm the surrounding vegetation(周围植被), but affect our health, too. Therefore, something must be______ to protect nature. And we should keep the balance of nature.1. A. cut down B. put down C. take down D. knock down2.A. lovely B. strange C. many D. much3.A. harms B. breaks C. injures D. destroys4.A. sticks B. leaves C. roots D. flowers5.A. what B. how C. why D. when6.A. still B. even C. ever D. quite7.A. finish B. end C. complete D. over8.A. to pollute B. polluting C. pollute D. polluted9.A. to B. of C. about D. for10.A. done B. do C. did D. to doIII. 阅读理解:(20%)AA four –year-old girl is lying in the arms of a doctor. She has just lost her mother. Her pink clothes are full of blood and her eyes look at something only she can see.Every day we can see pictures like this on our televisions. We can see Iraqi children begging for food and water from American and British soldiers as they move through towns and cities towards the capital, Baghdad(巴格达). We see these children following parents, carrying bags of almost the same size as their small bodies as they escape from their homes in Baghdad.They show just some of the young lives that have been turned upside down by ongoing war and the terrible price paid by Iraqi children.“Dad, why are the American fighting us? Are we going to be killed?” asks the son of Alu Singar, an Iraqi engineer. Alu finds it hard to explain this war to his eight-year old son.He tries to make him feel safe by saying, “The bombs(炸弹) are far away from us. The Americans are fighting the soldiers. We are going to be all right.” Even though Alu knows it isn‟t always true, little else can be done. In Baghdad, parents give their children sleeping bills to try and let them escape from the sound of bombs. And all the schools are closed.Now things are worse and the ongoing war makes it impossible to count the number who are hungry, sick, hurt or even dead.1. What happened to the children in Iraq because of the war?A. The children will get better than before.B. The children beg for food and water from American and British soldiers.C. The children in Iraqi go away their homes in Baghdad.D. The children live a most terrible life.2. What does the word “ongoing” mean in Chinese?______.A. 正在进行的B. 非正义的C. 未授权的D. 影响恶劣的3. The father doesn‟t tell the truth to his child because______.A. he wants to make his child not feel dangerousB. he and his child are afraid to lose each other in the warC. he doesn‟t want his child to believe American soldiersD. he will lose his country and his home4. The war in Iraqi tells us that______.A. the Iraqi people in the war are much hungrier and worseB. we should help the Iraqi people to build their country againC. nothing can be done except fightingD. both A and B5. What would be the best title for the report?A. Iraqi Children during the WarB. Sickness, Death in IraqC. America and England Fight against IraqD. A Girl in the War in IraqBGARDEN RESTAURANTTelephone: 2706030Address: 9020 Snow White RoadOpen---Mon. to Fri. 7:00am-2:30 pm and 5:00 pm-9:00 pmSat. 7:00am-11:00am and 5:00 pm-9:00 pmSun. 11:00 am-2:00 pm and 5:00 pm-9:00 pmNEW YORK MUSEUMTelephone: 7364431Address: Vanier Park, 1100 Chestnut St. ,New YorkAmerica‟s largest museum specializing in American history and art of our native peopleOpen---Mon. to Fri. 9:00am-5:00pm ( Monday free)Sat. 9:00am-1:00pmLANSDOWNE PARK SHOPPING CENTRETelephone: 3562367Address: 5300 No.3 RoadOpen---Mon. Tue. and Fri. 9:30am-5:30pmWed. Thur. and Sat 9:30am-9:30pmSun. 11:00am-5:00pmSKYLINE HOTELTelephone: 2785161Address: 3031 No. Road ( at Sea Island Way)The Hangar Den ---Wed. to Sun. Dinner from 5:30 pmCoffee Shop --- Mon. to Fri. 6:00 am Sat. 6:30am Sun.7:00amMon. to Wed.10:00pm Thur. to Sun.11:00am1.If you want to buy a jacket, you have to go to______.A. 3031 No. RoadB. 5300 No.3 RoadC. 9020 Snow White RoadD. 1100 Chestnut Street2. If you want to go out for lunch on Sundays, you can call up the number ______.A. 2706030B. 2785161C. 7364431D. 35623673. You don‟t have to pay on Mondays if you go to______.A. Skyline HotelB. Lansdowne Park Shopping CentreC. New York MuseumD. Garden Restaurant4. If you want to enjoy yourself on Sunday mornings you can go to_____.A. Lansdowne Park Shopping CentreB. New York MuseumC. The Hangar DenD. Coffee Shop5. Visit New York Museum and you can know______.A. the history of America‟s native peopleB. the history of New YorkC. the history of America and art of New York‟s native peopleD. the art of New YorkCEveryone has his own birthday. People celebrate their birthdays in different countries in different ways. Now here are four people from different countries. They will tell us how they celebrate their birthdays in their countries.Mike comes from Madrid(马德里). He says happily, “My twenty-first birthday is on Saturday, and I‟m going to go out with some friends. To wish me a happy birthday, they are going to pull on my ears 21 times, once for each year. It‟s an old custom. Some people pull on the ear just once, but my friends are very traditional.(传统的)”Mr. and Mrs. Sato are from Tokyo. Mr. Sato is going to be 60 tomorrow. In Japan, the sixtieth birthday is called Kanreki –it‟s the beginni ng of a new life. The colour red is for a new life, so we always give something red for a sixtieth birthday. Mrs. Sato says, “What am I going to give my husband? I can‟t say. It‟s a surprise.”Li Xiaomei from Beijing feels very excited and tells us, “Tomo rrow is mysixteenth birthday. It‟s special birthday, so we are going to have a family party. I‟m probably going to get some money in …lucky‟ envelopes from my relatives. My mother is going to cook noodles---noodles are for a long life.”Evans, from Paris, smiles to us, “I ‟m going to be 30 next week, so I‟m going to invite three very good friends out to dinner. In France, when you have a birthday, you often invite people out. In some countries, I know it‟s the opposite---people take you out.”How do you usually celebrate your birthday?根据短文判断正误,正确的写“A”,错误的写“B”。

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