环保酶多媒体(外文)

Hydrocarbon Layer “B” Water
For additional 5 meters of pay zone, add 2 to 3 drums of GreenzymeTM.
Multiple Production Zones
Well
In the case of multiple pay zones, each zone is treated as a separate well
Well status:
Strong wells that have recently experienced severe decline in production. Depleted wells producing less than five barrels of oil per day…but originally produced hundreds or thousands of barrels of oil per day. Depleted wells that have experienced successful primary, secondary and tertiary recovery methods but are now low in production. Depleted wells that now produce excessive amounts of water.
Static Liquid Level “C”
Thicker production zones require a greater volume of Greenzyme™ solution. For pay zone less than 5 meters, use 4 drums of GreenzymeTM.
Treatment Solution must be mixed on-site (40 bbl capacity minimum) Must be able to produce pressure of 5000 PSI
The Well Treatment Process
Well
Depth to pay zone (H)
Criteria #2: Static Liquid Level
Well
Static Liquid Level “C”
The Static Liquid Level must always be above the oil producing zone
Hydrocarbon Layer “B” Water
Apollo Greenzyms
Written by Philip Lau, PE.
February 6, 2003.
Contents
Apollo Greenzyme™ Introduction Well Acceptance Criteria Treatment Process
Actual treatment time is about three hours (See Well Treatment Process)
Criteria #6: Oil Production Zone Thickness vs. quantity of GreenzymeTM usage.
Well
Explanation of one unit by volume 1 Unit = п (r²) H
r = radius of well tube H = depth to pay zone
Pay Zone Depth (T)
Water
Well Treatment Procedure
1.
2. 3.
Oil bearing formation Water
Criteria #5: Oil Density vs. Capping Time.
Well
Oil bearing formation Water
For standard capping duration, density (specific gravity) of oil in the formation layer should be 0.90 or less. Higher density will require longer capping time. E.g.: A well with oil density of 0.98, typically requires 7-10 days capping time .
Little effect to “release oil”
Corrosive, need “effective radius”; weakens itself quickly; Short life span & effect.
High failure rate, works slowly; low production improvement
H2O
clean
Water Polymer acids, caustics, chemical surfactants, steam flooding, CO2 or CH4 capping. Common, “everyone does it” Live Microbes Fracturing Chemicals Biological Enzymes
Has two main uses
Enhance crude oil recovery from most oilfields Remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated solid waste.
Is non-toxic, near neutral in pH (5-7); non-pathogenic, and environmentally friendly. Has been proven to stimulate depleted oils to produce at high capacity for many months, sometimes even approach at or near original well production levels.
What is Apollo Greenzyme™?
Apollo GreenzymeTM :
Is a water soluble and protein based biological liquid enzyme.
A biological enzyme is a protein-based non-living catalyst that which facilitates the completion of biological reactions.
The Well Treatment Procedure
Required equipment
Oil field service truck with
High pressure piston pump, or High pressure plunger pump, or High pressure triplex pump
If pay zone depth is < 5 meters, treat with 4 barrels (100%) of Apollo Greenzyme™. Add 2 to 3 barrels (100%) for every additional five meters*
Cheap, Simple Process
Gaining popularity
First choice for EOR Common practice Significant increase in oil production
Simple, safe process; near 100% success rate; significant oil prod. increase ; environmentally friendly Proprietary process
Oil bearing formation
Oil bearing formation Water
All criteria and conditions are applied separately to each zone
Treatment Process
Treatment. Initial Signs. Pressure Change.
High cost; technology needed; high risk, permanent formation damage
Well Acceptance Criteria
Rule 1: Rule 2: Rule 3: Well integrity. Static liquid level exist inside tubing. Oil pour point temperature must be less than oil-formation temperature by 20 degrees C. Porosity of formation > 20% preferred.
Criteria #3: Oil Pour Point T°
Well
Pour point temperature of oil must be 20°C lower than the temperature of the oil bearing formation. For example: Oil T°= 30°C, so formation T° must be > 50°C.
1)
Common Methods for 3) Live microbes. Stimulation 5) Apollo Oil Well 4) Fracturing. Water Flooding. 2) Chemical Injection.