Lessons learned from the VW Vehicle API
learning lessons from the past阅读解析
learning lessons from the past阅读解析“Learning Lessons from the Past”是一篇英语短文，它以第一人称的视角，讲述了一个人从过去的经历中吸取教训，并因此获得了成长。
在文章开头，作者使用“A few years ago，I made a decision that changed my life”这个句子来引入自己的故事。
通过这个简洁明了的开头，读者可以立刻感受到作者的自信和积极向上的态度。
接下来，作者描述了自己当时面临的选择和困境，即是否要放弃一份稳定的工作去追求自己的梦想。
在这个过程中，作者通过描述自己内心的矛盾和挣扎，展现了她的成长和变化。
在文章中段，作者详细描述了自己做出决定的过程。
她通过列举自己曾经的成功和失败的经历，来说明自己的决定并非盲目冒险，而是经过深思熟虑后的选择。
此外，作者还强调了自己对未来的规划和目标，进一步证明了她的决定并非一时冲动。
在这个过程中，作者使用了大量的具体例子和细节来支持自己的观点，使读者更容易理解和接受她的想法。
在文章结尾处，作者强调了自己从这段经历中学到的教训。
她认为，只有通过不断尝试和努力，才能实现自己的梦想。
同时，她也提醒读者不要害怕失败和挫折，因为这些经历将成为我们成长的重要财富。
最后，作者用“Now I can look back on that time with gratitude for all that I learned and the strength I gained”— 1 —这个句子来总结全文，表达了自己对过去的感激之情和对未来的信心。
“Learning Lessons from the Past”是一篇具有启发性和感染力的文章。
作者通过讲述自己的经历，向读者传递了一个积极向上的信息：只有不断努力和学习，才能实现自己的梦想并获得成长。
此外，文章中使用的具体例子和细节也为读者提供了更多的信息和启示。
New_Energy_Vehicle_Market_Accelerates_the_Combing-
60In April 2022, BYD off icially announced the decision to stop the production of fuel vehicles, meaning it has completely moved away from the “fuel era”, and will focus on pure electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in the future. In other words, BYD will concentrate its resources on strengthening the competitiveness in new energy vehicle (NEV) market.The pandemic causes changes in industry landscapeEntering 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic broke out again in China, c a u s i n g s e v e r a l p r o v i n c e s a n d municipalities, including Shanghai and Jilin Province, to be under full or partial regional lockdown. The outbreak has had a serious impact on both the supply and demand sides of China’s automobile industry, resulting in a significant decline in domestic vehicle sales in April. According to the data from China Passenger Car Association (CPCA), domestic wholesale volume of narrowly-defined passenger vehicles fell 43.0% year-on-year in April and 47.8% from March, while retail sales fell 35.5% and 34.0% respectively withNew Energy Vehicle Market Accelerates the Combing-out of Unfit Playersthe same comparisons.In May, the epidemic in China becomes gradually under control, as FAW Group, SAIC Motor, Tesla and other vehicle producers and supporting parts enterprises resume production, and the tight supply begins to ease. However, the epidemic would have an long-lasting impact on the demand side, especially for NEV sector, which continued to grow at a high rate before the outbreak. After current wave of the epidemic quiets down, there is expected to be a significant change in the landscape of new energy vehicle and parts industry, comparing to that before the epidemic.According to sources in the industr y, before the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2019, many domestic b r a n d s a n d n e w l y-e s t a b l i s h e d automobile companies in China were able to occupy a certain share in new energy passenger vehicle market, and some of them with poor product competitiveness gradually lost their market shares between 2018 and 2021, and even face a survival crisis.In 2018, all the top ten players (in terms of market share) in new energy passenger vehicle market in China were domestic enterprises, with BYD, BAIC BJEV, SAIC Motors, Chery and JAC Motor of the top five. In 2019, most of the top ten players were still domestic automobile companies, with BYD and BAIC BJEV holding basically the same market share in 2019 as in 2018, and still taking the lead, while small and medium-sized brands, such as Huatai Auto, JMEV and Zotye Automobile whose products and brands are less competitive, disappeared from the top ten in 2019 and were replaced by SAIC-GM-Wuling, GAC Aian, Great Wall Motor, SAIC-VW and other leading domestic automobile companies.In 2021, the new energy passenger vehicle market in China was basically stable, since the top ten players compared to those in 2020 did not change much, but new players of NIO, Xiaopeng, and Lixiang were enlisted among the top ten.Analysts believe that since 2021, NEV market has kept developing fast, and all major NEV enterprises have benefited from rapidly-growing market. It is estimated that 3 to 5 years later when these favorable policies terminate, and the market enters the stage of stock competition, the growth rate of NEV sales may slow down, and NEV enterprises with weak competitiveness will gradually be eliminated.In the post-epidemic era, while high-end brands with strong product and brand competitiveness, such as Tesla, will maintain their advantages in middle and high-end market (for vehicles priced above RMB 200,000), the declining purchasing power of low-income consumers will lead to more intense competition in middle and low-end market, and automobile companies with leading product technology and cost performance, such as BYD, will quickly increase their presence in middle and low-end market, at which they are targeting. It is expected that the above two types of automobile companies will continue to increase their market shares, and some relatively less competitive players will have to face greater survival crisis, as low-income consumers have weaker demand, and Huawei, Xiaomi and other technology companies are entering NEV market from 2023 onwards, putting higher pressure on existing players.More players are entering NEV marketMore strong players flooded inBy Jenny Hu61new energy passenger vehicle market in China in 2020, which witnessed a major change in new energy passenger vehicle industry, as Tesla China, NIO, FAW-VW, and Lixiang be enlisted among the top ten players in this market in China, and SGMW capture the mid- and low-end market with new models such as Hongguang MINI EV, bringing its market share from 4.5% in 2019 to 14.8% in 2020. At the same time, BAIC BJEV, who held the largest market share in 2019, almost disappeared in 2020, with sales slipping from nearly 150,000 vehicles in 2019 to 25,900 in 2020.From 2022 onwards, Huawei, Xiaomi, Baidu and other technology companies will further intensify the competition in new energy passenger vehicle market, putting greater pressure on automobile companies with weaker product and brand competitiveness, and accelerating the combing-out process in NEV industry.Huawei announced the establishment of a business unit for intelligent automobile solutions in 2019, and has now launched self-developed products and solutions in fields such as intelligent driving, intelligent cockpit, core systems (battery, electric motor and electronic control system) for NEVs, thermal management, etc., which have been applied in several flagship models from intelligent automobile brands such as ArcFox, Avatr and AITO.On March 30, 2021, Xiaomi made an announcement at Hong Kong Stock Exchange, and officially announced its entry into intelligent electric vehicle industry. It’s learned from Xiaomi’s financial report 2021, now its automobile business department has an R&D team of exceeding 1,000 employees, and the f irst model is expected to be mass-produced in the first half of 2024. In March 2021, Baidu and Geely announced the establishment of Jidu Automobile, to take each advantages and research and develop intelligent connected vehicles: Baidu will provide Jidu with intelligent software capabilities such as autonomous driving and intelligent connection, while Geely will provide SE A (S u s t a i n a b l e E x p e r i e n c e Architecture) and complete vehiclemanufacturing capabilities.In recent years BYD made a series of strategic adjustments, completed the shift from vertical integration to an open platform, and developed a fully open supply chain, which will benefit NEV parts industry chain and help BYD enhance its brand and influence through the industry. In 2021 BYD made great achievements in both pure electric and hybrid fields, becoming a leader in new energy passenger vehicle market and taking the first place in terms of sales of new energy passenger vehicles in China. Besides, BYD became the first domestic brand that realized sales of 100,000 new energy passenger vehicles per month, succeeding in being enlisted among head companies in passenger vehicle market in China.Fiercer competition in high-end NEV marketIn last three or four years, a small number of automobile companies, such as NIO, Lixiang and Xiaopeng, have actively explored high-end NEV market and made remarkable progresses, with sales approaching 100,000 vehicles in 2021 respectively, inspiring many other players to accelerate the layout for high-end NEV market. Entering 2022, following Lixiang, NIO and Xiaopeng, a large number of new high-end NEV brands, including Shalong Auto, Avatr, IM Motors, Dongfeng M series, AITO, and Niutron, are actually advancing their production plans.According to a survey by Yiche Research, in 2021 the consumers in high-end NEV market in China were mainly from sectors of manufacturing, Internet, energy, construction and so on. The rise of some high-end NEV brands is closely related to consumers from Internet-related industries, as the survey indicated that nearly two out of ten (18.64%) such buyers chose NEVs in 2021.Also thanks to the contribution from consumers in Internet-related industries, high-end NEV brands such as Lixiang and NIO develop quickly. In 2021, Lixiang and NIO led in China in terms of the penetration among consumers in Internet-relatedindustries, reaching 31.18% and 18.18% respectively, following by AIAN, Tesla and Xiaopeng, fully demonst rat ing t hat (h igh-end) NEV brands that focus on product innovation and users’ preferences are more attractive to such consumers. The fact that Link and Tank are among top 10 in terms of brand penetration indicates consumers in Internet-related industries prefer individuality and segmented brands, and that BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Audi, Porsche, Lexus and other high-end brands are among top 20 shows that these consumers have stronger consuming power.In addition, the survey showed that women were of a force quite noticeable in automobile market for consumers from Internet-related industries. In 2021, although most such automobile consumers were still male, women also made up nearly 40%. At the same time, up to 5.59% of female automobile buyers were from Internet-related industries, which was significantly higher that of male. High-end NEV brands need an active layout plan for the female automobile market, to attract consumers from Internet-related industries and achieve a rapid growth, by specifically optimize model design, sale network distribution, after-sales service, etc.However, analysts believe there are signs that more and more high-end NEV brands are getting homogenized, including products and ser vices, and they are lack of innovative ideas attractive to consumers from Internet-related industries. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, if high-end NEV brands want to attract these consumers and secure a rapid growth in sales, they must develop innovative corporate culture, and strive to building a differentiated competition system from Lixiang, NIO, and so on, to better attract quality consumers. As for specific strategies, they may need to focus on the four first-tier cities in China of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and actively put medium and medium-to-large-sized, sports cars and other personalized models, to meet the demand for add-on or replacement purchase.。
术语解释
It's a company that offers individuals or enterprises access over the Internet to applications and related services that would otherwise have to be located in their own personal or enterprise computers. 一种为个人或企业级用户提供通过Internet访问应用程序或相关服务的公司。从而，上述应用程序或相关服务就不必存在 于用户自己的个人电脑或企业服务器上。
资本公积，包括股本溢价，资本重估增值，处理资产溢价等。
A device that supports the seat frame assembly ,provides attachment to the floor pan of the vehicle and provides adjustments to be made to the seated position. 一个支承座椅骨架总成的机构,它提供到汽车地板的连接和使座椅调节定位。 Convert an ideal, want, technology into a feasible product concept. 将主意、需要和技术转化为可行的产品概念。 Inclusion of prevention measures to eliminate product defects during the design and development period. 包含预防性措施来消除在设计和开发期间的产品缺陷。
2TP
2W/4W/6 W/8W
3rd Seat 第三排座椅 4th Seat 第四排座椅 5S/Visual Management 5S和可视化管理
VW 50180中英文版
VOlKSWAGENGroup standard VW50180Issue2019-04 Class.No.:55104Descriptors:component chamber,condensate,emission,formaldehyde,interior, luggage compartment,odor test,vehicle interior描述:组件室，冷凝水，散发，甲醛，内部，行李厢，气味测试，汽车内饰Components,Semi-Finished Products,and Materials in the Vehicle Interior Emission Behavior汽车内饰零部件、半成品和材料释放性能Previous issuesVW50180:1996-05,2000-07,2007-12,2015-05之前的版本VW50180：1996-05，2000-07，2007-12，2015-05Changes变化The following changes have been made to VW50180:2015-05:对VW50180:2015-05进行了以下更改:---Standard title changed---标准标题更改---Technical responsibility updated---技术职责更新---Section1"Scope"expanded(use matrix added)---第1节“范围”扩大(增加使用矩阵)---Section2"Definitions"added---增加了第2节“定义”---Section5.2"Minimum component size requiring emission tests":Sizes changed---第5.2节“要求散发试验的最小部件尺寸”:尺寸改变---Section5.4"Age of specimens/packaging/storage"added---增加了第5.4节“试样的年龄/包装/储存”---Limits and footnotes in table2,table3,table4,and table5changed---表2、表3、表4和表5中的限制和脚注发生了变化---Table2and Table3:"Displays"added---表2和表3:添加了“显示”---Section5.5.1"Special considerations for body seals(door seals,tailgate/trunk lid seals,sliding sunroof seals)"added---增加第5.5.1节“车身密封(车门密封、尾盖/后备箱盖密封、天窗滑动密封)的特殊考虑”---Section5.5.2"Special considerations for process materials and cable jackets"added ---增加了第5.5.2节“工艺材料和电缆护套的特殊考虑”---Section5.6"Sampling"changed---第5.6节“采样”更改---Section6"Evaluation of the emissions in the1-m3component chamber(as per PV 3942)":Scope revised---第6节“1-m3组件室中散发的评估(根据PV3942)”---Section6.2"Component Requirements":Limit tables combined and limits changed ---第6.2节“部件要求”:组合限值表并更改限值---Section7"Substance limitations"revised and Table5"Limits for substances with CLP classification or individual substances which are classified as critical by V olkswagen"added---修订第7节“物质限制”和增加了表5“CLP类物质或被大众汽车归类为关键的个别物质的限制”。
汽车专业英语试题及答案
汽车专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is NOT a component of an internal combustion engine?A. CylinderB. PistonC. Spark plugD. AlternatorAnswer: D2. What is the primary function of a carburetor in a vehicle?A. To cool the engineB. To mix fuel and airC. To ignite the fuelD. To lubricate the engineAnswer: B3. What does the acronym ABS stand for in automotive technology?A. Anti-lock Braking SystemB. Automatic Brake SystemC. Advanced Braking SystemD. Auxiliary Braking SystemAnswer: A4. In a four-stroke engine, what is the term for the process where the piston moves down the cylinder to draw in air and fuel?A. Compression strokeB. Exhaust strokeC. Intake strokeD. Power strokeAnswer: C5. What is the purpose of a transmission in a vehicle?A. To generate electricityB. To control the speed and torqueC. To cool the engineD. To increase fuel efficiencyAnswer: B6. What is the term used to describe the ratio of the number of rotations of the drive wheels to the number of rotations of the engine?A. Gear ratioB. Speed ratioC. Drive ratioD. Torque ratioAnswer: B7. Which of the following is NOT a type of suspension system used in vehicles?A. Independent suspensionB. Dependent suspensionC. Semi-independent suspensionD. Non-suspensionAnswer: D8. What does the acronym HVAC stand for in a vehicle's climate control system?A. Heating, Ventilation, and CoolingB. High Voltage, Air ConditioningC. Hot Water, Ventilation, and CoolingD. Heavy Vehicle, Air ConditioningAnswer: A9. What is the main purpose of a catalytic converter in a vehicle's exhaust system?A. To reduce noiseB. To increase fuel efficiencyC. To reduce harmful emissionsD. To improve engine performanceAnswer: C10. What is the term for the system that helps a vehicle to stop by converting kinetic energy into thermal energy?A. Power steering systemB. Braking systemC. Suspension systemD. Engine cooling systemAnswer: B二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）1. The main components of an engine include the _______,_______, _______, and _______.Answer: block, head, crankshaft, camshaft2. In a vehicle, the _______ is responsible for converting the linear motion of the piston into rotational motion. Answer: crankshaft3. The _______ is a safety feature that prevents the wheels from locking up during hard braking, allowing the driver to maintain steering control.Answer: ABS4. The _______ is the system in a vehicle that provides power to the electrical components when the engine is not running. Answer: alternator5. The _______ is a type of suspension system where each wheel moves independently of the others, allowing for better handling and ride comfort.Answer: independent suspension6. The _______ is the part of the engine that controls the flow of air and fuel into the combustion chamber.Answer: intake manifold7. The _______ is the process by which a vehicle's engine converts the heat energy from combustion into mechanicalenergy.Answer: power stroke8. The _______ is the system in a vehicle that controls the temperature and quality of the air inside the cabin. Answer: HVAC9. The _______ is a device that reduces the amount of harmful gases and particulates released into the atmosphere by the vehicle's exhaust.Answer: catalytic converter10. The _______ is the system that allows a vehicle to change gears, adjusting the engine's speed and torque to match driving conditions.Answer: transmission三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. Explain the function of a radiator in a vehicle.Answer: A radiator in a vehicle is responsible for cooling the engine by dissipating the heat generated during combustion. It circulates coolant through a network of tubes and fins, allowing the coolant to absorb heat from the engine and then release it into the atmosphere, thus maintaining the engine at an optimal operating temperature.2. Describe the role of a differential in a vehicle's drivetrain.Answer: The differential is a gearbox located between the transmission and the drive wheels. Its primary role is to allow the wheels to rotate at different speeds when thevehicle is turning, as the outer wheel travels a greater distance than the inner wheel. This ensures that the wheels maintain traction and reduces wear on the tires, while also providing a smoother ride. Additionally, the differential can distribute torque between the wheels, which can be beneficial in situations where one wheel may lose traction,。
一汽—大众新车型项目的流程优化研究
摘要一汽-大众新车型项目的流程优化研究近年来随着汽车市场的增速放缓，汽车企业需要不断推出符合市场需求的新产品才能不被淘汰。
如何在规定的时间内顺利的完成新车型的投产就变得极为重要。
企业获得核心竞争力的有效途径就是在新产品开发中获得足够的优势。
一汽-大众成立于1992年，随着公司规模不断扩大，产品线不断扩充，职能部门的分工越来越细化，对于车型项目的要求也越来越高，以目前行业的平均水平来看，一个车型从无到有，新车型项目从开始到正式量产，所需要的周期为48个月。
在漫长的项目运营过程中，会遇到各种各样的困难与挑战，主要体现在项目运行效率低和部分流程空白等方面。
如何利用先进的运营管理手段和理念，指导公司各相关部门按照项目要求完成各个阶段的任务，最终实现项目的顺利投产成为了目前项目运营的难题。
本文归纳流程管理的相关基本理论，重点叙述了流程重组的理论和企业的实际应用，在此基础上，为了实现新车型项目的流程优化目标，针对于现行的流程进行了深入剖析和研究，对一汽-大众公司内部现有的流程状态进行深入分析，查找其在运行中的问题。
重点分析了新车型项目阶段出现的周期性问题，公司内部职能与职责定位问题以及产品开发质量问题。
利用流程重组相关理论，制定了产品开发流程的优化方案，适当调整了各阶段的主要任务；结合流程重组的相关方法，对现有的新车型项目中五大阶段进行细化拆分，识别出各阶段实现的关键路径，同时对细分后的阶段工作内容进行定义，适当调整每个阶段的检查点设置，起到促进项目组重点关注的作用；考虑到一汽-大众新车型项目的实际运行状况，对检查点进行标准化和规范化管理，依据各检查点的工作内容清晰的列出通过检查点需要的交付条件，明确各部门的工作内容，达到提升项目整体运营效率，降低企业运营成本的目的。
最后，为了保障流程优化方案的实施效果，提出了实施该方案的保障措施。
为了保障优化方案的顺利推进，需要在流程上确保方案的实时更新，在组织上确保方案得到高层的授权推进，在制度上需要公司上下级顺畅的沟通。
A Lesson Learned
A Lesson LearnedLife is full of lessons, some of which are learned through experience and others through observation. One such lesson that I learned was the importance of perseverance and resilience in the face of adversity. This lesson was not only taught to me through my own experiences, but also through the stories of others who have overcome challenges in their lives.One of the most impactful experiences that taught me the value of perseverance was when I faced a major setback in my academic journey. I had always been a dedicated and hardworking student, but during my sophomore year of college, I encountered a series of personal and academic challenges that made it difficult for me to focus on my studies. As a result, my grades suffered, and I found myself on the brink of academic probation. It was a humbling and disheartening experience, but it also served as a turning point in my life.During this difficult time, I sought advice and guidance from my professors, friends, and family. Their support and encouragement helped me to see that setbacks are a natural part of life, and that what truly matters is how we respond to them. I realized that I had a choice – I could either give up and accept defeat, or I could muster the strength to persevere and overcome the challenges that lay before me. With their support, I chose the latter.I began to develop a mindset of resilience, focusing on the belief that I could overcome any obstacle with determination and hard work. I sought out additional resources and support, such as tutoring and counseling services, to help me improve my academic performance and manage the personal challenges I was facing. It was a long and arduous journey, but with each small victory, I gained more confidence in my ability to overcome adversity.As I reflect on this experience, I realize that it was not only my personal journey that taught me the importance of perseverance, but also the stories of others who have overcome significant challenges in their lives. I have always been drawn to stories of resilience and triumph, and I have found inspiration in the tales of individuals who have faced seemingly insurmountable odds and emerged victorious.One such story that has had a profound impact on me is that of Malala Yousafzai, the Pakistani activist for female education and the youngest Nobel Prize laureate. Malala's story is one of incredible bravery and resilience, as she defied the Taliban's ban on girls' education in her hometown and continued to advocate for the rights of girls to receive an education. Despite facing threats to her life, she remained steadfast in her mission and eventually became a global symbol of the fight for education and women's rights.Malala's story serves as a powerful reminder that perseverance is not just about overcoming personal challenges, but also about standing up for what we believe in and fighting for the rights and freedoms of others. Her unwavering determination in the face of adversity is a testament to the power of resilience, and it has inspired me to approach my own challenges with a similar sense of courage and tenacity.In addition to individual stories of perseverance, I have also been deeply moved by the collective resilience demonstrated by communities in the face of natural disasters and other crises. One such example is the response of the people of New Orleans in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. The devastation caused by the hurricane was unimaginable, and yet the people of New Orleans came together to support one another and rebuild their city.The resilience of the people of New Orleans in the wake of such a catastrophic event serves as a powerful example of the strength that can be found in community and solidarity. It is a testament to the human spirit and the capacity to rise above even the most challenging circumstances. Their story has taught me that perseverance is not just an individual endeavor, but also a collective effort that can bring about profound change and transformation.In conclusion, the lesson of perseverance and resilience is one that I have learned through my own experiences, as well as through the stories of others who have overcome significant challenges in their lives. It has taught me the importance of maintaining a positive mindset in the face of adversity, and the value of seeking support and guidance from others. It has also inspired me to stand up for what I believe in and to contribute to the collective resilience of my community. Ultimately, the lesson of perseverance has shapedmy outlook on life and instilled in me a deep sense of determination and courage in the face of adversity.。
潍尔（VW）车型控制指南说明书
VEHICLE CONTROLSLearn about the various controls necessary for operating and driving the vehicle.Using the Remote TransmitterLock or unlock the doors, tailgate, and fuel-fill door. Start and stop the engine.*1Leaving the remote transmitter in the vehicle can result in theft or accidental movement of the vehicle. Always take it with you whenever you leave the vehicle unattended.*1 - If equippedSmart Entry System*1When you carry the remote transmitter (for example, in a pocket or purse) and it is outside the vehicle and within range (about 32 inches or 80 cm), you can lock or unlock the doors, and the tailgate without handling the transmitter.n Unlocking/Locking the DoorsTo unlock: Grab the driver’s door handleto unlock the driver’s door. Grab thefront passenger’s door handle or reardoor handle to unlock all the doors andthe tailgate. You can customize thisfeature’s behavior.To lock: Press the door lock button oneither front door handle. If the remotetransmitter is inside the vehicle, thedoors will not lock.n Walk Away Auto Lock®When you walk away from the vehicle while carrying the remotetransmitter, the doors can automatically lock if the following conditions are met:•The remote transmitter is within a range of 5 feet (1.5 m).•All doors and the trunk are closed.•There is not an additional remote transmitter inside the vehicle.Follow these steps:*1 - If equipped1.Exit the vehicle, close the door andstay near it. Listen for a beep. Thesystem is activated.2.Walk at least 5 feet (1.5 m) away.3.Listen for a beep and look for thelights to flash. The doors lock.Door OperationUse several methods to lock or unlock the doors. n Using the Lock TabTo unlock: When you unlock either frontdoor using the lock tab, the specificdoor (driver’s or passenger’s) unlocks.To lock: When you lock the door usingthe lock tab on the driver’s door, all theother doors and the tailgate lock at thesame time. When you lock the doorusing the lock tab on the frontpassenger’s door, only that door locks.n Using the Front Door Inner HandlePull the front door inner handle. The door unlocks and opens in one motion.Unlocking and opening the driver’s door from the inner handle unlocks all other doors.Do not pull a front door inner handlewhile the vehicle is moving.Unlocking and opening the driver’s doorfrom the inner handle unlocks all theother doors and the trunk.n Using the Master Door Lock SwitchTo unlock: Press the unlock side of theswitch to unlock all doors and thetailgate.To lock: Press the lock side of theswitch to lock all doors and the tailgate.n Childproof Door LocksThe childproof door locks prevent therear doors from being opened from theinside regardless of the position of thelock tab.Slide the lever in the rear door to thelock position, and close the door.Open the door using the outer doorhandle.n Opening/Closing the Sliding DoorsFrom the outside, pull the outer doorhandle and slide the door all the way tothe front or rear.From the inside, grab the inner doorhandle and slide the door all the way tothe front or rear.n Power Sliding Doors*1When the vehicle is OFF or the remote engine start mode is active, thepower sliding doors operate when:•The power sliding door switch is ON(as shown) and•The power sliding door is unlockedand•The fuel fill door is closed (fordriver's side sliding door).When the vehicle is ON, the powersliding doors operate when:•The shift position is P and•The brake pedal is depressed or the electric parking brake is applied and •You use the power sliding door switches on the dashboard.*1 - If equippedFrom the insidePress OPEN on the power sliding door button for the desired door side.Press CLOSE to close the door.While a power sliding door is in operation, you can press the button again to stop it from opening or closing. Press the button again to resume operation.A sliding door will not open fully if the window is open more than 3 inches (8cm). Close the door, close the window, and open the door again.The driver's side sliding door will not open if the fuel fill door is opened.Note: Closing a sliding door while any part of a passenger is in the door's path can cause serious injury.Make sure all passengers are clear of the doorway before closing a sliding door.Tailgate OperationUse these methods to operate the tailgate.n Power Tailgate ButtonTo open or close the power tailgate,press the power tailgate button forabout one second.If you press the button again while thepower tailgate is moving, it will stop.Press the button for about one second,and the power tailgate will reversedirection.n Power Tailgate Outer HandleAutomatic OperationIf you press the outer handle of thetailgate for no longer than one second,the tailgate opens automatically.Manual OperationIf you want to open the tailgate manually, press the button for more than one second.n Programmable Tailgate PositionYou can set the maximum opening of the tailgate to suit your needs.1.Manually adjust the tailgate to your desired position.2.Press and hold the tailgate innerbutton until you hear one long andtwo short beeps.n Power Tailgate Inner ButtonPress the button on the tailgate to closethe power tailgate.If you press the button again while thepower tailgate is moving, it will stop.Press and release the button again, andthe power tailgate will reversedirection.n Power Tailgate Hands Free Access*1Use a forward and back kicking motion under the center of the rear bumper to open or close the power tailgate while carrying the keyless accessremote.*1 - If equipped。
成功学会开车的英语作文
成功学会开车的英语作文Embarking on the journey to learn to drive was a significant milestone in my life. It marked a transition from dependency to independence, a step towards greater freedom and responsibility. The process, however, was not without its challenges. It required patience, perseverance, and a willingness to embrace failure as a stepping stone to success.My driving lessons began with the basics: the rules of the road, the functions of the car's controls, and the fundamentals of safe driving. I quickly realized that theory alone was not enough. Practical application was crucial, and this was where the real challenge began.At first, I found myself overwhelmed by the number of things I needed to remember and do simultaneously. Shifting gears, steering the car, and keeping an eye on the road while also monitoring my speed and checking my mirrors felt like a daunting task. I made mistakes, and sometimes those mistakes led to small accidents or near-misses. But each time, I emerged stronger and more determined to master this skill.One of the most significant lessons I learned was the importance of staying calm and focused. Driving requires a clear head and steady hands. Panicking or gettingfrustrated only makes the situation worse. Over time, I developed a sense of ease and confidence behind the wheel.I began to enjoy the freedom and power that driving brought, knowing that I had the skills and ability to navigate the road safely.Looking back, I realize that the journey to learn to drive was not just about acquiring a new skill. It wasabout personal growth, about facing challenges, and about overcoming fears. It taught me resilience, determination, and the confidence to know that with hard work and dedication, I can achieve anything I set my mind to.In conclusion, learning to drive was a transformative experience that taught me valuable lessons about life. It instilled in me a sense of independence, freedom, and responsibility. And while the road ahead may still have its challenges, I know that with the skills and confidence I have gained through learning to drive, I am ready to face them head-on.**成功掌握驾驶之路：我的学车经历**学习驾驶的旅程是我生活中的一个重要里程碑。
研学感受收获600字汽修作文
研学感受收获600字汽修作文英文回答：Participating in the automotive repair study tour wasan eye-opening experience for me. Not only did I gain practical knowledge about car maintenance and repair, but I also developed important skills and learned valuable life lessons.During the study tour, I had the opportunity to work alongside experienced mechanics and observe their techniques. I learned how to diagnose and troubleshoot common car problems, such as engine issues, brake malfunctions, and electrical faults. Through hands-on practice, I became proficient in changing oil, replacing filters, and conducting routine inspections. This practical knowledge will undoubtedly come in handy in the future when I need to fix my own car or help others with their vehicles.In addition to technical skills, the study tour alsotaught me the importance of teamwork and effective communication. Working in a garage requires collaboration and coordination among team members. I learned how to effectively communicate with colleagues and superiors, ensuring that tasks are completed efficiently and accurately. This experience has improved my interpersonal skills and taught me the value of cooperation in achieving common goals.Furthermore, the study tour allowed me to develop problem-solving and critical thinking skills. In the automotive repair industry, not all problems have straightforward solutions. Mechanics often encounter complex issues that require careful analysis and creative problem-solving. Through hands-on experience and guidance from professionals, I learned how to approach problems systematically, evaluate different options, and make informed decisions. These problem-solving skills are not only applicable to the automotive industry but also transferable to various aspects of life.Overall, the automotive repair study tour was arewarding experience for me. I gained practical knowledge, developed important skills, and learned valuable life lessons. I am confident that the skills and knowledge I acquired during the study tour will benefit me in my future endeavors.中文回答：参加汽车维修研学之旅对我来说是一次开阔眼界的经历。
掌握基本原理,倒车入库变得简单的作文
掌握基本原理,倒车入库变得简单的作文英文版Mastering the Basic Principles Makes Reversing into Parking Spaces EasyReversing into a parking space can be a daunting task for many drivers, especially those who are new to driving. However, with a good understanding of the basic principles of parking and some practice, it can become a simple and routine maneuver.The first step in successfully reversing into a parking space is to find a suitable spot. Look for a space that is large enough to accommodate your vehicle and is easy to access from the driving lane. Make sure there are no obstacles or other vehicles blocking your path.Once you have found a suitable spot, position your vehicle parallel to the parking space with enough space on either side to maneuver. Slowly begin to reverse, turning the steering wheel in the direction you want the rear of your vehicle to go. Use your side mirrors and rearview mirror to guide you as you back up.As you approach the parking space, straighten out your steering wheel to align your vehicle with the space. Continue to reverse until your vehicle is completely within the lines of the parking space. Once you are parked, shift into park and engage the parking brake to secure your vehicle.By mastering the basic principles of reversing into a parking space, you can make this once daunting task a simple and routine part of your driving routine. Remember to practice regularly to improve your skills and confidence in parking.完整中文翻译掌握基本原理,倒车入库变得简单倒车入库对许多司机来说可能是一项令人畏惧的任务，特别是对那些新手司机来说。
前车之鉴英语作文
前车之鉴英语作文Lessons from the PastIn life, we often encounter situations where we can learn valuable lessons from the mistakes of others, a principle commonly known as "learning from the mistakes of others is like using a mirror to reflect our own path." This concept, often referred to as "a lesson from history," is not only applicable to individuals but also to nations and civilizations.History is filled with examples of nations that have fallen due to their own arrogance and neglect of past warnings. The Roman Empire, once the most powerful civilization in the world, declined due to corruption, internal conflicts, and the neglect of its people. This serves as a stark reminder that no matter how great a nation may be, it is not invincible.Similarly, we as individuals can also learn from the mistakes of others. When we see someone making a poor decision or falling into a trap, we should pause and reflect on how we can avoid making the same mistake. This does not mean we should be overly cautious or afraid to take risks, but rather that we should be mindful and informed when making choices.In conclusion, learning from the mistakes of others is a crucial aspect of personal and societal growth. By heeding the warnings of history and applying them to our own lives, we can avoid repeating the same mistakes and create a better future for ourselves and our communities.。
学开汽车的英语作文
学开汽车的英语作文Title: Learning to Drive。
Learning to drive is an exciting milestone in one'slife. It not only grants a newfound sense of independence but also comes with a set of responsibilities. As I embarked on this journey, I encountered various challenges and experiences that shaped my understanding of driving and enhanced my proficiency in English, a language crucial for navigating the roads safely.Firstly, mastering the basics of driving requires patience and practice. Understanding traffic rules, road signs, and vehicle controls are fundamental aspects. Through theoretical lessons and practical training sessions, I familiarized myself with the essential knowledge neededto operate a vehicle safely. Learning English concurrently with driving allowed me to grasp technical terms such as "accelerator," "brake," and "clutch," enhancing my abilityto communicate effectively with instructors and fellowdrivers.Furthermore, communication plays a pivotal role in driving. Clear and concise communication ensures smooth interactions on the road, contributing to overall safety. During driving lessons, I learned to articulate my intentions using English phrases like "I'm turning left" or "I'm slowing down," facilitating better understanding between myself and other road users. Additionally,effective communication with instructors helped clarify doubts and receive constructive feedback, accelerating my learning progress.Moreover, driving exposes individuals to diverse cultural and linguistic contexts, especially in multicultural societies. As I navigated through citystreets and highways, I encountered people from various backgrounds, each bringing their unique communicationstyles and languages. Engaging in interactions with pedestrians, fellow drivers, and traffic officers provided valuable opportunities to practice English in real-life situations, fostering language fluency and culturalawareness simultaneously.Furthermore, driving requires quick decision-making and problem-solving skills, essential for navigating unexpected situations on the road. From navigating through heavytraffic to handling adverse weather conditions, every driving experience presents a unique challenge. Through English-medium driving lessons, I honed my ability to comprehend instructions swiftly and respond appropriately, enhancing my adaptability and confidence behind the wheel.Additionally, driving fosters a sense of responsibility towards oneself and others on the road. Understanding the potential consequences of reckless driving, such as accidents and injuries, instilled a heightened sense of vigilance and caution in me. Through English discussions on road safety and ethical driving practices, I internalized the importance of respecting traffic laws and prioritizing the well-being of fellow road users, contributing to a safer driving environment for everyone.In conclusion, learning to drive in English not onlyequips individuals with essential driving skills but also enhances their proficiency in the language. By immersing oneself in English-medium driving lessons, individuals can develop a comprehensive understanding of driving principles while simultaneously improving their communication abilities. As I continue to refine my driving skills and language proficiency, I look forward to embarking on new adventures and embracing the journey ahead with confidence and competence.。
对汽车专业的了解英语作文
对汽车专业的了解英语作文I've always had a passion for cars. From a young age, I was fascinated by their design, performance, and the way they can make you feel when you're behind the wheel.One of the things that I find most interesting about cars is the way they have evolved over time. From the early days of the automobile to the high-tech vehicles of today, the industry has seen some incredible advancements.When it comes to the mechanics of a car, there is so much to learn. From the engine to the transmission, there are countless components that work together to make a car run smoothly.In addition to the mechanics, there is also a lot to consider when it comes to the design of a car. Everything from the shape of the body to the placement of the headlights can have a big impact on the overall look and feel of a vehicle.Of course, one of the most exciting things about cars is the way they drive. Whether you're cruising down the highway or taking on a twisty mountain road, there's nothing quite like the feeling of being in control of a powerful machine.When it comes to the future of the automotive industry, there are so many exciting possibilities. From electric and autonomous vehicles to new advancements in safety and performance, it's an incredibly exciting time to be a part of the world of cars.。
描写面包车作文英语
描写面包车作文英语Title: The Versatile Charm of a Van。
In the bustling city streets or the tranquil countryside lanes, one sight that remains ubiquitous is the humble yet dependable van. Its unassuming presence belies its significance in our daily lives, serving as a versatile workhorse in myriad roles. From delivering goods to providing mobile services, the van embodies adaptability and efficiency.At first glance, a van may seem like just another vehicle on the road, but a closer look reveals its distinct features and functions. Its spacious interior, characterized by a boxy shape, offers ample room for cargo or customized installations. Whether it's stacked with parcels for delivery or outfitted with shelves and equipment for a mobile workshop, the van's designfacilitates practicality and convenience.One cannot overlook the vital role of vans in logistics and transportation. They form the backbone of delivery services, seamlessly ferrying goods from warehouses to homes and businesses. With their compact size and maneuverability, vans navigate through congested urban streets with ease, ensuring timely deliveries in the face of traffic and tight spaces. Moreover, their loading capacity can be tailored to suit various requirements, making them indispensable in industries ranging from e-commerce to catering.Beyond transportation, vans also serve as platforms for entrepreneurial ventures and community services. Imagine a colorful food truck parked at a bustling street corner, tantalizing passersby with gourmet delights. Or picture a mobile clinic traveling to remote villages, providing healthcare to underserved populations. Vans, with their mobility and versatility, empower individuals and organizations to bring their offerings directly to their target audience, transcending geographical barriers.Furthermore, the cultural significance of vans cannotbe overlooked. They have become iconic symbols in popular culture, immortalized in songs, films, and art. From the iconic Volkswagen Type 2, affectionately known as the "VW Bus," to the classic American "shaggin' wagon," vans evoke nostalgia and evoke a sense of freedom and adventure. Their association with road trips and outdoor exploration resonates with enthusiasts worldwide, making them more than just vehicles but embodiments of a lifestyle.In recent years, the rise of electric vans has ushered in a new era of sustainability and efficiency. With zero-emission propulsion systems, these vans offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional fuel-powered vehicles, reducing carbon footprints and mitigating environmental impact. As concerns about climate change mount, electric vans represent a promising solution for greener transportation and cleaner air in urban areas.In conclusion, the van stands as a testament to human ingenuity and innovation, continually evolving to meet the demands of modern society. Its versatility, from logistics to entrepreneurship, and its cultural significance make ita ubiquitous presence in our lives. Whether it's delivering packages to our doorstep or fueling our sense of wanderlust, the van remains an indispensable companion on the journeyof progress and exploration.。
四年级下册第二单元英语作文陆空两用车
四年级下册第二单元英语作文陆空两用车全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Amphibious Vehicles: The Best of Both WorldsHave you ever wished you could drive a cool car that can also float on water like a boat? Well, that's exactly what an amphibious vehicle is - a vehicle that can travel on land and water! Amphibious vehicles are some of the most amazing machines ever invented. They combine the speed and power of a car with the buoyancy of a boat to create a truly versatile mode of transportation. Let me tell you all about these incredible amphibious vehicles!First of all, amphibious vehicles look super rad. Most have huge tires or tracks for rolling over terrain on land. But they also have sealed bodies that can float on water, kind of like a ship's hull. Some even have propellers or water jets to drive them through the waves! The really cool amphibious vehicles will transition seamlessly from land to water mode by folding up their wheels and extending their propulsion system. It's like watching a vehicle transform before your very eyes!Amphibious vehicles were first developed for military use to transport troops and supplies across bodies of water during wartime. Some of the earliest were created in the 1900s and used in World War I and World War II. The military quickly saw how useful it was to have a single vehicle that could drive up onto land from the water, instead of having to use separate trucks and boats. It gave them much more mobility and versatility.After the wars, some civilian companies started making amphibious vehicles for recreational use by explorers, adventurers and people just looking for a fun way to get around on both land and water. Nowadays, amphib vehicles are made for all kinds of purposes - search and rescue, law enforcement, fire fighting, tourism, you name it!One of the most iconic amphibious vehicles has to be the DUKW, nicknamed the "Duck." It was produced in huge numbers for Allied forces during World War II. With its boat-like hull and big truck tires, the DUKW could power through water and roll right up onto shore. It was the perfect vehicle for storming beaches and delivering equipment inland. Thousands of these Ducks were used to transport supplies from ship to shore onD-Day!Another famous amphib is the VW Schwimmwagen from World War II. This little German car had a waterproof body and a propeller so it could chug across rivers and lakes. Only about 15,000 Schwimmwagens were ever built, but it played an important role ferrying German troops and equipment during the war.Since then, all kinds of awesome amphibious vehicles have been created. There are big bus-like ones that can ferry tourists around cities with waterways. There are tiny little amphib ATVs designed for solo exploration. And how about the monstrous amphibious excavators used for dredging and construction in swamps? Those things are absolute beasts!Personally, my favorite has to be the amphibious sports cars made by companies like WaterCar and Gibbs. The Gibbs Aquada looks just like a sleek high-performance car when on the road. But then with a push of a button, the wheels retract and a waterjet pops out to propel it across lakes and rivers. It's the perfect combo of power and versatility! I would love to own one of those someday so I could race friends on land and water. How cool would that be?Of course, driving an amphibious vehicle is not as easy as a regular car or boat. You need training to learn how to properlytransition between land and water modes. The steering and handling are quite different in water. Plus, you have to be extra careful about weighing down the vehicle and keeping it balanced, so it doesn't tip over.Still, amphib vehicles are useful for all sorts of situations where you need to quickly travel over both land and water - everything from emergency rescues to reaching remote areas for research. Park rangers and environmental organizations rely on them to access hard-to-reach wilderness areas for conservation work.With the threats of rising sea levels and increased flooding from climate change, amphibious vehicles may become even more important in the coming decades. They give people a way to keep moving, even when roads are inundated with water. Who knows, maybe one day all of our regular vehicles will be amphibious too!For now though, amphibious vehicles are still pretty rare and super expensive for most people to own. You mainly only see them operated by militaries, companies, and extremely wealthy private owners. But I'm holding out hope that more affordable amphib models will hit the mass market someday so I can buy one for myself!Wouldn't it be so awesome to have transportation that lets you easily explore every type of landscape and waterway? With an amphibious vehicle, the whole world opens up for adventure. You could go off-roading through the desert one day, then go wake boarding behind your vehicle across a lake the next! The possibilities are endless.So while flying cars haven't materialized yet, at least we have these awesomely unique amphibious vehicles to fuel our imaginations. To me, they represent the cutting edge of versatile, go-anywhere transportation. Amphib vehicles defy the boundaries between land and water, allowing us to explore the world in a whole new way. I can't wait to see what innovative new amphibious designs get dreamed up in the future! In the meantime, you can bet your boots I'll be begging my parents for one of those Aquada sports cars as soon as I'm old enough to drive. Any mode of transportation that combines speed, power and aquatic adventure is A-OK in my book! Amphibious vehicles forever!篇2Amphibious Cars: The Coolest Vehicles on Land and WaterHave you ever wished you could drive your car right into the lake or ocean? Well, with amphibious cars, that dream can become a reality! Amphibious vehicles are cars that can travel on both land and water. How awesome is that?Let me tell you all about these incredible machines. Amphibious cars have wheels like a regular car, but they also have propellers or jets that allow them to move across water. Some models even have a sealed body that lets them submerge partially or fully underwater! Isn't that just mind-blowing?The idea of amphibious cars has been around for a very long time. One of the earliest ones was created way back in the 1800s. It was called the Prius Amphicar and was built in Germany. Only around 4,000 of these cars were ever made though. Can you imagine how rare and valuable they must be today?In more recent times, some of the most popular amphibious cars include the WaterCar Panther, the Gibbs Aquada, and the DUKW models used in World War II. The WaterCar Panther looks like a normal sports car on land, but at the push of a button, its wheels get tucked in and a propeller pops out to power it through the water. The Gibbs Aquada seamlessly transitions from land to water mode in just 12 seconds! As for the DUKW, itwas an amphibious truck that could carry troops and supplies across both terrain.But these vehicles aren't just cool-looking. They can actually be super useful too! Imagine never having to worry about getting stuck in a flood or heavy rain again. Just drive right through the water. Amphibious cars are also great for emergency rescues from areas surrounded by water. Some countries even use them for border patrol along coastlines.Of course, driving an amphibious car takes some special skills. You need a normal driver's license for roads and a boating license for waters. The steering works a bit differently when the wheels retract too. It's definitely an adventure learning how to operate these unique vehicles.I would absolutely love to have an amphibious car! Can you picture me cruising down the street and then splashing right into the local lake? How fun would that be? We could have epic swimming and fishing trips without even leaving the car. Just pull up to the best fishing spots and drop a line straight from the window. No boat required!And on hot summer days, the whole family could just drive into the water to cool off. An amphibious car with air conditioning would be the best way to beat the heat! We couldpack a bunch of snacks, float around listening to music, and make a total splash partying on the water. My friends would be so jealous.Someday, I'm definitely going to save up and get an amphibious car of my very own. Manufacturers should really make more affordable models for kids like me. Just imagine how much more exciting and adventurous our road trips and vacations would be! We could explore all sorts of remote places that you can only reach by water. Maybe even discover secret lakes or pirate coves! An amphibious car is the ultimate vehicle for adventure.Well, that's my take on why amphibious cars are simply the coolest vehicles ever invented. With their dual ability to conquer both land and water, they're like sports cars and boats combined into one. Talk about getting two amazing experiences in one! Any car lover who also loves the water would go totally crazy for an amphibious ride.So what do you think? Isn't the idea of an amphibious car just awesome? If money was no object, wouldn't you want one too? We could seriously have the most epic road trip adventures driving straight from the highways into lakes, rivers and even theocean itself. Just park the car and go for a swim without ever leaving your vehicle! How incredibly amazing is that?I can't wait until amphibious cars become more common and affordable for everyone to enjoy. Then we could all experience the thrill of effortlessly transitioning from land to water and back again. Driving an amphibious car seems like the closest thing to having a real-life Transformer or Submarine Car likefrom the movies. To me, that's what makes them the absolute coolest vehicles on the planet!篇3Amphibious Vehicles - The Best of Both Worlds!Have you ever wished you could drive your car right into a lake or ocean? Well, with an amphibious vehicle, you can! An amphibious vehicle is one that can travel on land and water. How cool is that?These amazing machines are like a car and a boat combined into one super vehicle. They have wheels like a car to drive on roads, but they also have a boat-like hull and maybe even a propeller to let them glide through the water. Some even have topside inflatable tubes to help them float better.Amphibious vehicles seem like something from the future, but people have actually been making them for a really long time. One of the first was called the Perseverance and it was built way back in 1805! Can you imagine driving an amphibious car that's over 200 years old?In the early 1900s, some amphibious vehicle models became popular in Europe. The Ford Model A even had an optional amphibious upgrade you could buy. I wonder how many people opted for that! During World War II, the military found amphibious vehicles very useful for operations near beaches, rivers and marshes.Probably the most famous amphibious vehicle of all is the DUKW, nicknamed the "Duck." This sturdy boat-truck played a huge role for Allied forces, ferrying supplies from ship to shore during beach landings. After the war, many Ducks were converted for civilian tours operating in cities like Seattle, Boston and London. My family went on a Duck tour when we visited Philadelphia and it was so much fun driving right into the river!While military uses started the amphibious vehicle craze, nowadays they are mostly built for recreation, travel and expeditions. Different models are designed for different purposes. Huge customized trucks with bunkers for livingquarters might tackle the slopes of mountains or the waves of the Arctic Ocean. Smaller, sportier models can be great for fishing trips.The Gibbs range of amphibious vehicles is very popular today. Their slick Quadski model is like a super-powered jet ski that can glide right out of the water and take off across a beach. It has four-wheel drive and can reach speeds up to 45 mph on land. Imagine leaving your friend's beach house, hitting a few waves, then tearing down the road for a sweet ride into town. The Quadski is the perfect mix of aquatic adventure andlaid-back cruising.For explorers looking to really get off the beaten path, there are rugged amphibious ATVs that can power through mud, shallow rivers and brush. Manufacturers have even made amphibious motorcycles, tricycles and bicycles, though I can't imagine trying to pedal one of those across a lake!While most amphibious vehicles are quite large and made for utility, some smaller models are more like cool toys for kids and adventure-seekers. The Watercar Panther is an awesome little amphibious car that looks like a dune buggy. It only seats two people but can reach speeds up to 80 mph on land and 44 mph on the water. Just hit a switch to raise the wheels and dropdown the propeller to seamlessly switch between land and water mode. A kids' model called the Panther Pup is like a tiny go-kart that can rip across a pond.While they have some awesome advantages, amphibious vehicles do come with some challenges too. You have to worry about things like water tightness, rust, and the extra machinery needed for movement across both land and water. In the water, waves and currents can be an issue. On land, cornering can sometimes be difficult.Of course, amphibious vehicles are not cheap either. With all that extra equipment like waterproof bodies, propellers, and four-wheel drive, they cost a lot more than a regular car or truck. Specialized models from high-end manufacturers can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. The street-legal Panther has a price tag of around 135,000.Still, for adventure-lovers and fun-seekers, the ability to spontaneously transition from land to water (or vice versa) is an amazing advantage that regular vehicles just can't match. An amphibious vehicle gives you the freedom to go riding on trails, splash through a stream, all without ever having to turn around. Just keep on cruising straight into the open water!I may only be in fourth grade now, but I already know what my dream vehicle is - a sleek amphibious sports car that can blaze down the highway and then zip across a river or even the ocean. Amphibious vehicles utterly smash the boundaries between land and water travel. With one of these awesome machines, you're not stuck to just roads or just the water - the whole world is your path to explore! Now that's my kind of ride.。
高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册Unit4MeetingtheMuseStartingout课后练习、
一、根据首字母填写单词(单词拼写)1. These plants f________ on the surface of the water. （根据首字母单词拼写）2. Jiuzhaigou, which l________ means “nine-settlement valley”, is named after the nine Tibetan settlements in the mountain valley in Aba on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.（根据首字母单词拼写）3. She began to c________ songs at an early age. （根据首字母单词拼写）二、根据汉语意思填写单词(单词拼写)4. The cartoon movie tells the ______ (传奇故事) of the well-known Chinese heroine Hua Mulan. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)5. Water is________(组成) of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）6. I took a few seconds to ______ (使自己镇定下来) myself and to take in the scene of the university. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)三、根据中英文提示填写单词(单词拼写)7. 过马路时一定要小心！Do ________(be) careful when crossing the street！8. Technological i________ (革新), combined with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products. (根据中英文提示填空)四、完成句子9. 我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。
英语阅读--driving lesson
英语阅读--driving lesson"Driving Lesson"I had my first driving lesson yesterday. I was really excited but also a little nervous. My instructor, Mr. Smith, was very patient and friendly, which made me feel more at ease.We started in the parking lot of the driving school where Mr. Smith showed me the basic controls of the car, such as the pedals, gears, and steering wheel. He explained how to start the engine, shift gears, and use the brakes. Then, we moved on to the road where I practiced starting, stopping, and turning. Mr. Smith gave me clear instructions and encouraged me to be confident and calm.One of the most challenging parts for me was parallel parking. Mr. Smith demonstrated how to do it and then I tried it myself. It took me a few attempts to get it right, but Mr. Smith was very patient and gave me helpful tips along the way.Overall, my first driving lesson was a great experience. I learned a lot and felt more confident behind the wheel. I'm looking forward to my next lesson and continuing to improve my driving skills.。
学驾驶的英文作文
学驾驶的英文作文Learning to Drive。
Learning to drive is an essential skill that opens up new opportunities and freedoms. Whether it's for commuting to work, running errands, or simply exploring new places, knowing how to operate a vehicle safely is invaluable. In this essay, we will delve into the process of learning to drive and the benefits it brings.First and foremost, learning to drive requires a combination of theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Before getting behind the wheel, aspiring drivers typically study the rules of the road, traffic signs, and basic vehicle mechanics. This theoretical understanding lays the foundation for safe driving practices and ensures that drivers are equipped to handle various situations on the road.Once the theoretical groundwork is laid, practicaldriving lessons become crucial. Under the guidance of a certified driving instructor, learners graduallyfamiliarize themselves with vehicle controls, maneuvering techniques, and defensive driving strategies. These lessons take place in a controlled environment, such as an empty parking lot or quiet neighborhood streets, where learners can practice without the pressure of heavy traffic.As learners gain confidence and proficiency, they progress to more challenging scenarios, such as navigating busy intersections, merging onto highways, and parallel parking. Through repetition and feedback from their instructor, learners refine their skills and develop the muscle memory needed to operate a vehicle smoothly and safely.However, learning to drive is not just about mastering technical skills; it also requires developing the right mindset and attitude towards driving. Responsible drivers prioritize safety above all else, obeying speed limits, following traffic signals, and staying alert and focused while behind the wheel. They understand the importance ofdefensive driving, anticipating potential hazards and reacting appropriately to prevent accidents.Moreover, learning to drive fosters independence and self-reliance. No longer reliant on public transportation or others for rides, licensed drivers have the flexibility to travel wherever and whenever they please. This newfound freedom can be especially empowering for young adults entering the workforce or pursuing higher education, as it eliminates barriers to employment and personal development.Furthermore, driving opens up a world of possibilities for exploration and adventure. Whether it's a road trip with friends, a scenic drive along the coast, or a weekend getaway to the countryside, having the ability to drive allows individuals to experience new destinations and create lasting memories. Additionally, driving canfacilitate social connections, enabling people to visit friends and family members who live far away.In conclusion, learning to drive is a transformative experience that offers practical benefits and personalgrowth opportunities. By acquiring the necessary knowledge and skills, individuals can navigate the roads safely and confidently, enjoying the freedom and independence that driving affords. So, whether you're a novice driver just starting out or someone looking to improve their skills, embrace the journey of learning to drive—it's a ride worth taking.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Stand: 11. Juli 2006
Konzernforschung
\Vortraege\Mastereriences learned from the VAPI effort
• An abstract type model is valuable
• Use of abstract data type patterns to express the behaviour of the specific data object • Differentiation between
Stand: 11. Juli 2006
Konzernforschung
\Vortraege\Mastervorlage.pot
3
References and availability
• Proven solution used by
• >>30 research & development projects within VW and Audi • NoW (Network On Wheels – VW, BMW, DC) • VII (Vehicle Infrastructure Integration - VW, GM, Ford, Toyota, Nissan, DC, BMW)
Hardware access
• All definitions, mappings, etc. are verifiable by XML schema
• VAPI covers all layers
Mapping rules
VAPI
Object representation
Object model
Lessons learned from the VW Vehicle API Jens Krüger, Hans-Christian Fricke
22.3.2007 OSGi VEG Workshop, Eindhoven
Volkswagen Group Research
Who are we?
Hans-Christian Fricke
• Abstract data types should have properties that define their limits and character
• SI unit, max. value, min. value, enumeration states, etc.
Stand: 11. Juli 2006
Konzernforschung
\Vortraege\Mastervorlage.pot
6
Synergy between the vehicle interfaces
• Standardization and acceptance
• We are not fixed on our VAPI efforts, we need one wide accepted standard • We would like to contribute in the VEG OMA-DM standardization • We see a need for both, a reference implementation and a specification
Stand: 11. Juli 2006
Konzernforschung
\Vortraege\Mastervorlage.pot
4
Experiences learned from the VAPI effort
• Prepare for throttling of data updates
• Within our applications we had to throttle the updates based on the specific application requirements, to avoid “data update/notify-flooding”. • For example: In a VW CAN systems some powertrain information is cyclic updated all 7ms
•Data communications •Mobile device applications •Java technologies
Jens Krüger
•Vehice bus systems •Vehicle abstraction •VAPI development
Volkswagen AG, Group Research, Wolfsburg, Germany
• Free for research, development and education
• Binary distribution for Linux Kernel 2.6.x (without NDA), Windows prototype exists • Option for access to the source-code (with NDA) • Tool chain available (e.g. Profile Generator for mapping and import of DBC files) • Java client API including simple OSGi wrapper
• abstract type conventions of objects and • the naming scheme within the object tree
• Not only OSGi/Java centric
• The elements should be self-describing
Stand: 11. Juli 2006 Konzernforschung
\Vortraege\Mastervorlage.pot 2
What is the Vehicle API (VAPI)?
• Specification and implementation of a vehicle object model • Manufacturer and model independent