高中高考总复习被动语态

合集下载

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。

在使用被动语态时,主语是承受者,而动作的执行者则成为谓语的一部分。

这一语法结构在表达特定情况和强调动作承受者时非常有用。

本文将对高中英语中常见的被动语态知识点进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”(is, am, are, was, were, been)和动词的过去分词构成。

动词的过去分词可根据动词的不同形态进行变化,常见的变化规则包括加“-ed”、改变拼写或使用不规则变化。

二、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍情况或客观事实:Inventions are made every day.2. 强调动作承受者:The cake was eaten by the children.3. 避免指责或强调行为:Mistakes were made, and lessons were learned.4. 表示不明或未指定的主语:Money was stolen from the bank.三、被动语态的时态被动语态根据需要使用不同的时态。

下面是常见的被动语态时态使用示例:1. 现在时态:The car is washed by my brother every week.2. 过去时态:The letter was sent yesterday.3. 将来时态:The contract will be signed next week.4. 现在进行时态:The house is being built by a group of workers.5. 现在完成时态:The book has been read by many people.四、被动语态与不定式、情态动词的使用1. 被动语态与不定式:The house needs to be repaired.2. 被动语态与情态动词:The project should be completed by tomorrow.五、被动语态的特殊情况1. 特殊疑问句:Where was the bag found?2. 感叹句:How beautifully the song was sung by the singer!3. 含有两个宾语的句子:We were given a gift by our friends.六、被动语态中的常见错误1. 错误的主语:The book is written by Shakespeare.(改为“The book was written by Shakespeare.”)2. 错误的时态:The photos were taken by me last weekend.(改为“The photos have been taken by me.”)通过对高中英语被动语态知识点的归纳总结,我们可以更好地理解和应用被动语态。

高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)
【点睛】
to代替不定式
在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。to代替不定式,常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try,tell等动词连用。
高考英语被动语态用法总结(完整)
一、单项选择被动语态
1.Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.
A.were told toB.are told
C.are told toD.were told
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。
2.A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.
A.confirmedB.had been confirmed
C.was confirmedD.have confirmed
A.has discovered B.has been discБайду номын сангаасvered
C.had discovered D.had been discovered
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,what于动词discover是被动关系,故选D。

高考英语专题复习被动语态课件

高考英语专题复习被动语态课件
His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为He was given a present by his
mother for his birthday.
3 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变 为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中 的主语,其余不动。
into the building.
5 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如 “动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也 可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一 个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词 也不能省略。
The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now. My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there.
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next y情态动 词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside.
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 The new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.

高考英语被动语态全攻略

高考英语被动语态全攻略

高考英语被动语态全攻略被动语态在高考英语中占有非常重要的地位。

它的正确运用不仅可以提升文章的表达效果,还可以展现出学生的语法运用和逻辑思维能力。

本文将分享一些关于高考英语被动语态的全面攻略,帮助学生们更好地掌握这一知识点。

一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成为:助动词be的适当形式(am, is, are, was, were, being, been)+ 过去分词。

例如:- 主动语态:She eats an apple.- 被动语态:An apple is eaten by her.二、被动语态的用法被动语态在句子中的具体用法如下:1. 强调动作的承受者或受影响的对象。

例如:- 主动语态:He painted the house.- 被动语态:The house was painted by him (强调房子被刷了,不强调他是谁)。

2. 当弄清施动者是谁不重要或者不需要时。

例如:- 主动语态:They say that he is guilty.- 被动语态:It is said that he is guilty (弄清施动者是谁不重要)。

3. 当句子主语是物,或者使用"one"、"someone"、"people"、"they"等不指特定人的代词时。

例如:- 主动语态:People speak English all over the world.- 被动语态:English is spoken all over the world.三、时态与语态的转换被动语态和时态之间可以相互转换,但需要根据时态的变化来调整被动语态的构成。

1. 一般现在时态转换:am/is/are + 过去分词。

例如:- 主动语态:She speaks English.- 被动语态:English is spoken by her.2. 一般过去时态转换:was/were + 过去分词。

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态动词的被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构,在高中英语学习中占据重要的位置。

掌握被动语态的使用方法和相关知识点,对于正确理解和运用英语语法是非常关键的。

本文将对高中英语中动词的被动语态进行归纳总结,帮助学生更好地掌握和运用这一语法结构。

I. 被动语态的基本形式被动语态由"be"动词的不同时态形式加上动词的过去分词构成。

其中,被动语态的时态与主动语态保持一致,只是谓语动词的形式发生了变化。

例如:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词(例句:The book is read by Tom. 这本书被汤姆读了。

)2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词(例句:The letter was written by John. 这封信是约翰写的。

)3. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词(例句:The cake will be eaten by the children. 蛋糕将会被孩子们吃掉。

)除了基本形式外,被动语态还可以与情态动词连用,形成不同时态的情态被动语态。

例如:1. 情态动词can的被动语态:can be + 过去分词(例句:The problem can be solved by the teacher. 这个问题可以被老师解决。

)2. 情态动词should的被动语态:should be + 过去分词(例句:The car should be repaired by a professional mechanic. 这辆车应该由专业的机械师修理。

)II. 被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:(例句:The vase was broken. 这个花瓶被打破了。

)2. 当动作的承受者比执行者更重要或更值得强调时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:(例句:The cake was made by my grandmother.这个蛋糕是我奶奶做的。

被动语态高考复习

被动语态高考复习

Mum made me a new dress. I was made a new dress by Mum. A new dress was made for me by my mother.
间宾(人)作被动句的主语, 一切依旧;而直宾(物)作主语, 则须在间宾前添加to或for。加to 的动词多为give,send,bring, teach,show,pass,write,ask, tell等;加for的动词有make, draw,buy等。
3.He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him. 口诀3:这些动词真奇怪,主动句中to 离开,被动 句中to回 来。(feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch…)
4.They take good care of the baby.
The baby is taken good care of by them. 注意:含动词词组的被动语态,须 将其看作一个整体,不可把它们分 隔开来。
有些情况下动词的主动形式也可以表示被动意义。 一、表示“开始”;“结束”类的动词。常见 的这类动词有begin, start, open, close, end, finish, stop等。例如: School begins in September. The stores in this area open later at weekends than at weekdays. 二、主语是物,谓语是表示主语特征或属性 的动词。常见的这类动词有write, read, wear, wash, clean, sell, run, lock等。这些动词常 与副词或否定词连用。例如:

高考语法被动语态综合考点梳理-高三英语复习

高考语法被动语态综合考点梳理-高三英语复习

被动语态综合考点一、定义语态通常分两种,主动语态与被动语态。

首先要明白什么是主语、谓语、宾语。

主动语态是指主语是动作的发起者/执行者,而被动语态是指主语是动作的承受者。

简言之,被动语态的主语就是同一主动语态里的宾语。

①Tom bought a book yesterday.Tom昨天买了一本书。

(主动语态)②The book was bought by Tom yesterday.这本书昨天被Tom买了。

(被动语态)二、使用语境1.当想要突出强调动作的承受者时:Tom is moved by the story.2.当没必要说出或不知道或避免提到谁是动作的执行者时:Our school was built in 1996.(没出现执行者)3.当动作的执行者是无生命的事物时:Tom was hit by the basketball.4.当宣传(广告/新闻/标题等)需要时:An English teacher needed.(注意这类情况会像口语一样有时会出现语法漏洞→突出噱头/亮点,但大家还是能意会宣传意思)三、主要结构(被动三考)1.be动词+动词过去分词+...by...(1)be动词需要注意2点(考试容易挖坑):①考虑主语单复数,即注意主谓一致,be动词要跟随主语变化成相应形式。

The tree was planted in 2009.The trees were planted in 2009.(2)考虑时态,be动词往往就是时态的折射,在被动语态表现更甚。

The water was drunk by Tom yesterday.The water will be drunk by Tom tomorrow.2.动词过去分词动词过去分词(done)主要涉及被动语态、系表结构、完成时态,规则变化形式与过去式类似,不规则变化需要强记。

记住了就会运用了哈。

(1)行为动词过去分词规则变化①一般情况下直接加ed,如:play→played②以不发音的e结尾→加d,如:like→liked③以辅音字母加y结尾,去y为i再加ed,如:study→studied④以重读闭音节(辅元辅)结尾,双写末字母再加ed,如:plan→planned(2)行为动词过去分词不规则变化3.byby是被动三考的介词,有时候句子中会不出现。

高中高考总复习被动语态

高中高考总复习被动语态

高考总复习:被动语态真题再现:1. ’t . .A. B. C. D.2. . ’s .A. B. C. D.3. , I a I .A. B. C. D.4. .A. B. C. D.5. —?— , .A. B. C. D.6. ’t .A. B. C. D.7. , .A. B.C. D.8. . Europe .A. B.C. D.9. —I ’t . ?—I .A. B. C. D.10. a , a .A. B. C. D.答案与解析1. A。

从’t可知语境为现在,排除B、D;而可知为将来的动作,意为“被给予回报”,故选A。

2. B。

分析题干语境可知,食品供应即将耗尽。

为不及物动词短语,不能使用被动形式,由此可排除C和D两个选项。

B选项为现在进行时态,可以表示将来,符合题意。

因此,正确答案为B选项。

3. A。

在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来,且I与之间是动宾关系,所以选A。

4. A。

句意为:他们现在暂时和父母一起居住,因为他们自己的房子正在重建。

根据句意可知,应使用被动语态,且与动词之间为被动关系,故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。

5. B。

根据语境,火灾发生在过去的时间,人有可能“被火伤害”,用一般过去时的被动语态。

6. A。

句子的主语为,不能选择第三人称单数形式,排除B, D项;而且信应该是“被放在桌上”,选择被动语态。

7. D。

指代,所以只能用被动,考虑到表示结果,所以选择D。

8. D。

和之间为被动关系,故排除A项和C项。

这一动作发生在第二次世界大战之前,即“过去的过去”。

9. B。

根据句意可知名单现在在桌子上,故用现在时,排除C,D项;句中强调这一动作对现在产生的结果或影响,用现在完成时。

10. B。

根据句意,和之间为被动关系,排除A,C项;另外并不是发生在之前,只是陈述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时。

知识讲解:被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态由+过去分词构成,随时态的变化而变化。

高考英语 重难点语法讲解被动语态

高考英语 重难点语法讲解被动语态

高中英语语法——被动语态语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态:主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,如果有必要强调动作的执行者,动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。

助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

A. 十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态:do被动语态:am is are doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。

The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。

Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。

Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。

Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2. 一般过去时主动语态:did被动语态:was were doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。

The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。

Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗?How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?3. 一般将来时主动语态:will shall do被动语态:will shall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。

考点09 被动语态(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮

考点09 被动语态(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮

考点09被动语态(核心考点精讲精练)1. 高考真题考点分布考点题型谓语动词时态、被动语态、主谓一致语法填空年份试卷类型考点考向20242024·新课标I卷____60_walks___ (walk) 一般现在时与主谓一致2024·新课标II卷___38_were_(be);___41_be built__ (build)一般过去时与主谓一致;被动语态2024·全国乙卷__44_were__ (be)一般过去时与主谓一致2024·全国甲卷2024·年浙江1月__42_have started___(start)现在完成时与主谓一致20232023·新课标I卷/2023·新课标II卷I ___65_ wished__ (wish)一般过去时2023·全国乙卷was amazed;means;一般过去时与主谓一致,一般现在时与主谓一致2023·全国甲卷/2023·年北京卷11.would throw13. had arrivedhas established一般将来时;过去完成时;现在完成时与主谓一致2023·年浙江1月featured一般过去时20222022·新课标I卷were;is designed一般过去时与主谓一致;一般现在时被动语态与主谓一致2022·新课标II卷42.was fixing43. threw过去进行时与主谓一致;一般过去时2022·全国乙卷addressed一般过去时2022·全国甲卷has walked现在完成时与主谓一致2022·年北京卷caught;has;has increased一般过去时;一般现在时与主谓一致;现在完成时与主谓一致2022·年浙江1月is viewed或has beenviewedare;have promised一般现在时被动语态与主谓一致;主谓一致;现在完成时被动语态与主谓一致2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于被动语态的考查共计3次,主要考查:1.一般现在时的被动语态;2.一般过去时的被动语态;3. 现在完成时的被动语态。

2024年高考英语总复习——被动语态

2024年高考英语总复习——被动语态

2024年高考英语总复习——被动语态(2023年10月)一.选择题(共19小题)1.(2023春•濠江区校级期中)These rare species are still endangered,for they ________ illegally for their valuable fur.()A.will be hunted B.were huntedC.are being hunted D.are hunted2.(2023春•濠江区校级期中)Tom,as well as his teammates,________ for the talent show,________ makes them proud and happy.()A.has been selected;whichB.has selected;thatC.is selected;thatD.are being selected;which3.(2023春•江门校级期中)The pen ________ well.()A.is written B.writesC.was written D.writing4.(2023•凌河区校级开学)—When can we see the films in our town?—Not until the cinema ________ next year.()A.builds B.will buildC.is built D.will be built5.(2023春•和平区校级期中)Delete the short message at once!Many a man _________by such tricks up to now.()A.are taken in B.is taken inC.have been taken in D.has been taken in6.(2023春•元氏县校级期末)It's reported that many houses________ at present in the disastrous area.()A.have built B.are builtC.are being built D.have been built7.(2023•潮阳区校级开学)—Mom,my classmates are playing outside.Can I join them?—Not until your homework __________.()A.finishes B.is finishedC.finished D.was finished8.(2022秋•黄埔区校级期末)Since your car ________,you may use mine.()A.is being repaired B.has been repairedC.is repairing D.is being repairing9.(2023春•西青区校级期中)Look!The building which ______now will be used as a library.()A.is built B.to be builtC.is being built D.being built10.(2022秋•广州期末)We have to hold the meeting in the small hall because the meeting room where we planned to hold the meeting_________.()A.is being decorated B.is decoratingC.will be decorated D.being decorated11.(2023•琼山区校级开学)With Double Reduction(双减)Policy,students _______ less homework now so that they have enough time to take part in more activities.()A.will give B.give C.are given 12.(2023•安徽开学)During the Tang Dynasty(朝代),nearly everything produced in the world ______ on the streets of Chang' an.()A.is found B.has been foundC.would be found D.could be found13.(2023•滨州开学)At the end of the school day,most students _____ by their parents.But I had to go back by myself.()A.pick up B.picked upC.are picked up D.were picked up14.(2023春•吉安期末)—Oh,I cannot stand the traffic here!—Me either.What's worse,20 accidents ________ in this crossing already this month.()A.will be reported B.was being reportedC.have been reported D.had been reported15.(2023•温江区校级开学)Sharks should __________ to keep the balance of ecosystem.()A.be protected B.protectC.have protected16.(2022秋•黄埔区校级期末)So far,every possible means ________ to meet the highest possible standard.()A.are being tried B.is being triedC.has been tried D.have been tried17.(2023春•花都区校级期中)Look!A nice picture ____ for our teacher.()A.is drawing B.is being drawnC.have been drawn D.draws18.(2022秋•津南区校级期末)My father's newly﹣written novel ______ into three foreign languages by the end of last month.()A.has translated B.had translatedC.has been translated D.had been translated19.(2022秋•津南区校级期末)Unfortunately,Tom's computer as well as two bags,______ on the bus yesterday.()A.have been stolen B.has been stolenC.was stolen D.were stolen二.词性转换(共1小题)20.(2023春•花都区期中)Teaching in the countryside has allowed him to witness the progress which (make)in compulsory education over the past decade. (所给词的适当形式填空)2024年高考英语复习新题速递之被动语态(2023年10月)参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共19小题)1.(2023春•濠江区校级期中)These rare species are still endangered,for they ________ illegally for their valuable fur.()A.will be hunted B.were huntedC.are being hunted D.are hunted【考点】现在进行时的被动语态.【答案】C【分析】这些稀有物种仍然处于濒危状态,因为人们为了获取珍贵的皮毛而非法猎杀它们。

高中语法 专题3被动语态

高中语法 专题3被动语态

解析:主语是T-shirt 谓语动词,deliver 应用被动,
表示T-shirt被送,排除A、C两项。根据语境,如果你定 了货,T-shirt 将会随时被送货。故选D项。 答案:D
必修二
英语
高考总复习人教版
⑥(北京宣武区)—A meeting ________ at 3 p.m.next Tuesday.
英语
高考总复习人教版
3 . 一 般 将 来 时 : The matter will be looked into tomorrow.
这样考过
④(皖西四校)________ is known to us is that the 2012 Olympic Games ________ in London. A.What; will be held C.As; is held B.It; will hold D.Which; holds
A.is broadcast
C.has been broadcast
B.is being broadcast
D.had been broadcast
解析:句意:请安静一下好吗?正广播天气预报呢, 我想听听。根据句意,该空考查的是现在进行时的被动语 态。 答案:B
必修二
英语
高考总复习人教版
⑨(江苏)—Hi,Torry,can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
必修二
英语
高考总复习人教版

解析:句意:——为什么我们不选择走那条路以节省时 间呢?——因为去那条路的桥正在修理中。题目考查了现在
进行时的被动语态作谓语。桥与修理存在被动关系,而且
根据句子语境要求采用进行时态。 答案:C

高中英语被动语态知识点总结

高中英语被动语态知识点总结

高中英语被动语态知识点总结
一、被动语态的构成
被动语态由助动词be加动词的过去分词构成。

助动词be有时态,人称和数的变化。

二、被动语态的用法
1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。

2.动作的承受者是句子的主语时。

3.动作的接受者比动作的执行者显得突出时。

4.汉语中没有被动语态时。

三、被动语态的时态
被动语态的各种时态形式与相对应的主动语态时态相同。

其时间状语需根据实际情况来添加。

四、被动语态的人称和数的变化
1.若句中主语为第三人称单数,则动词使用第三人称单数形式。

2.若句中主语为复数形式,则动词使用复数形式。

3.若句中主语为第二人称单数和第一人称复数、第二人称复数,则动词也使用相应的形式。

五、特殊的被动结构
1.使役动词have,get,make等构成被动结构时,后面只能用不定式的复合结构。

2.感官动词see,hear,watch,feel等构成被动结构时,后面应用不定式的复合结构,且用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

3.动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语等句子成分时,定式通常要用主动式表示被动意义。

4.“It is a pity that…”“It is a shame that…”“It is a surprise that…”等结构中后面的that从句中的主语和谓语动词构成主动关系,使用被动语态。

高三英语语法总复习——被动语态

高三英语语法总复习——被动语态

( 四) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用
当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态, 1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时 往往不用by 短语。 短语。 往往不用 “ Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after Mr. class. class. ” 只是告诉老师杯子坏了,不知是谁弄坏的,或不想说出谁弄坏的) (只是告诉老师杯子坏了,不知是谁弄坏的,或不想说出谁弄坏的)。 2 . 突出或强调动作的承受者 , 如果需要说出动作的执行者 , 用 by 突出或强调动作的承受者, 如果需要说出动作的执行者, 短语。 短语。 These records were made by John Denver. Denver. The cup was broken by Paul. Paul. 当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者,也不是动作的承受者时, 3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者,也不是动作的承受者时, 这时常用in 名词作状语, 短语。 这时常用 + 名词作状语,而代替 by 短语。 These cars were made in China. China. 15, 000 cars will be produced each year in the new
(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1) My aunt invited me to her dinner party. ) 主语 谓语 宾语 → I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语 (2) The school set up a special class to help poor readers. ) → A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school. 1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be 过去分词, 2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的 be + 过去分词 , 时态要与原 句保持一致。 句保持一致。 把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语, 3 . 把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语, 放在被动语态里谓语动 词之后, 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词, 词之后, by 短语可以省略。 如果原句主语是地点名词, 在被动语 态中用in 态中用in + 地点名词作状语。 地点名词作状语。

高考英语语法复习:动词不定式的被动语态

高考英语语法复习:动词不定式的被动语态
The question is difficult to work out
4. There be 结构中,用不定式的主动和被 动式来修饰主语,区别不大。
There is a lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主动形式) 没有什么可担心的。
There is nothing to worry about.
3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 2) 在“主语+表语(形容词)to do” 中, 主语也是 不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是 动宾关系。
This question is easy to answer. (分析:answer (动)------this question (宾)) ★ 注意:
/
/
二、动词不定式的被动语态
1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式:
1)一般式 (not/never )to be done
2)完成式 (not/ never) to have been done (表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前)
2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1) 做主语(常用it做形式主语) To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by ….
I have a lot of homework to do. 这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。
The elegant lady had something to declare.
★ 注意:若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时, 不定式则必须用被动式。
★ 比较: I have a lot of letters to type . (我有很多信件要打印:I will type the letter) I have a lot of letters to be typed. (意思为: I get sb. to type the letter)

高考英语语法复习-语态(被动语态)

高考英语语法复习-语态(被动语态)

被动语态
概述:
高考中,被动语态的考察通常是跟时态紧密结合的。

考生需要在透彻理解被动语态含义的基础上,注意其与各种时态的结合。


知识点梳理:
I 语态含义:语态是动词的一种形式,用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系的。

1)主语——谓语动词主语是谓语动词的发出者主动语态
2)主语——谓语动词主语是谓语动词的承受者被动语态
II 被动语态的构成Be + done
<注> 在使用中,还有一种形式:get + done。

两者的区别(get更强调行为的过程,be 侧重说明一种状态)例:My little brother got scolded. 我的小弟弟受到了训斥。

The twins were caught in the rain. 这对双胞胎淋了雨。

<注> 一般都是用by来引出动作的实施者(主动语态的主语)。

但有时,也会使用with,强调手段,方式,工具例:The cat was killed by a heavy stone. 猫被(掉下来的)大石头砸死了。

The cat was killed with a heavy stone. 猫被(人用)大石头砸死了。

VI 被动语态的时态问题
VII 被动语态的注意事项
1.与情态动词的连用情态动词+be done
You might be asked to speak at the meeting.
These books may be appreciated better by older children.
3.主动表被动的情况。

高考被动语态(完整版)

高考被动语态(完整版)

高考被动语态(完整版)一、单项选择被动语态1.Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.A.were told to B.are toldC.are told to D.were told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。

句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。

在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。

分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。

故C选项正确。

【点睛】to代替不定式在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。

to代替不定式,常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try,tell等动词连用。

注意:如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been,一般要保留be, have或have been。

本句还原为:Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up。

省略句为:Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to 。

故C选项正确。

2. A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.A.confirmed B.had been confirmedC.was confirmed D.have confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年,当时,一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

高考总复习:被动语态真题再现:1. Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _______ later in life.A. will be repaidB. was being repaidC. has been repaidD. was repaid2. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ______. We must act immediately before there’s nothing left.A. have run outB. are running outC. have been run outD. are being run out3. Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I on Friday.A. get paidB. got paidC. have paidD. had been paid4. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ______.5. ——9. ——1. A”,故选A2. B排除C和D两个选项。

B选项为现在进行时态,可以表示将来,符合题意。

因此,正确答案为B选项。

3. A。

在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来,且I与pay之间是动宾关系,所以选A。

4. A。

句意为:他们现在暂时和父母一起居住,因为他们自己的房子正在重建。

根据句意可知,应使用被动语态,且house与动词rebuilt之间为被动关系,故使用现在进行时态的被动语态。

5. B。

根据语境,火灾发生在过去的时间,人有可能“被火伤害”,用一般过去时的被动语态。

6. A。

句子的主语为the letters,不能选择第三人称单数形式,排除B, D项;而且信应该是“被放在桌上”,选择被动语态。

7. D。

It指代the reading-room,所以只能用被动,考虑到only to be told表示结果,所以选择D。

8. D。

experiment和conduct之间为被动关系,故排除A项和C项。

conduct这一动作发生在第二次世界大战之前,即“过去的过去”。

9. B。

根据句意可知名单现在在桌子上,故用现在时,排除C,D项;句中强调land这一动作对现在产生的结果或影响,用现在完成时。

10. B。

根据句意,member和rescue之间为被动关系,排除A,C项;另外rescue并不是发生在get lost 之前,只是陈述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时。

知识讲解:被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。

一般现在时:am/is/are +done (过去分词)English is widely used in the world.1.2. 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

Many books were given to the children at the school.Ann wasn’t offered the job.3. 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不变。

He was seen sitting there without doing anything.4. 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。

The poor children were made to work 12 hours a day.She is made to clean the floor.5. 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。

在被动结构中,切不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。

Bad habits have been done away with.The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.使用被动语态的场合1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by 短语)。

Printing was introduced to Europe from China.2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。

Health is valued above everything.3.“It“It+beI’m1.The car rides smoothly.The dish tastes delicious.The theory proved right at last.The book is so interesting that it sells well.注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较:The door won't lock.(指门本身有毛病)The door won't be locked.(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。

3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

Your reason sounds reasonable.非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义1. 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)2. 动词不定式的被动形式:当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要采用被动形式。

作主语:3.在There is a lot of homework to do (to be done).There is no time to lose (to be lost).在“n/pron + be + ad.j + to do”结构中作方式状语。

He is hard to convince.He is an impossible person to work with.在“too...to do; enough…to…”结构中:The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out).The house is big enough to live in.在“with+n.+to do”结构中。

With nothing to do,he lay in bed.With so many exercises to do, I can’t go to the cinema.当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。

I have a letter to type today. (I是to type的逻辑主语)Do you have anything to say? (you是to say的逻辑主语)当不定式隐含在for sb to do结构中时。

This is the best book to read (=for us/you to read).The important thing to do is to lock the door when we leave the house.5. rent, blame, let等用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

Who is to blame for starting the fire?时,1.2.3. be只有The machine is being repaired.易错的动词/词组下列词只能用主动语态:marry, lack, belong to, take place(发生),happen(发生),come about(发生),break out(爆发),appear(出现),disappear(消失),last(持续), run out(用光)The young man lacks experience.He is lacking in courage.The hall holds 1000 people.A fire broke out during the night.The meeting lasted (for) two hours.在need, want, require等少数表示“需要”的动词后,-ing 形式可以表被动。

The plants want watering/to be watered every day.This wall requires painting.The car needs repairing.不是所有被动的词组都表被动。

be determined, be prepared, be graduated, be occupied, get married, be seated, be drunk, be dressed等表示主动的含义。

?He is graduated from a famous university.He is fully occupied by everyday work.。

相关文档
最新文档