桂林电子科技大学 810经济学(2012-B) 2012年硕士研究生考研真题
2012年全国硕士研究生考试中国石油大学(华东地区)自主命题模拟试题
2012年全国硕士研究生入学考试自主命题科目模拟试题招生专业: 考试科目:813物理化学 考试时间:14:00-17:00 试题编号:2012年全国硕士研究生考试中国石油大学(华东地区)自主命题模拟试题考场注意事项:一、考生参加考试必须按时进入考场,按指定座位就坐。
将有关身份证件(准考证、身份证)放在桌面左上角,以备查对。
二、闭卷考试,考生进入考场,不得携带任何书刊、笔记、报纸和通讯工具(如手机、寻呼机等),或有存储、编程、查询功能的电子用品(如已携带,必须存放在监考老师指定的地方)。
考生只准带必需的文具,如钢笔、圆珠笔、铅笔、橡皮、绘图仪器或根据考试所需携带的用具。
能否使用计算器,及开卷考试时允许携带的书籍及用具等由任课教师决定。
三、考生迟到30分钟不得入场,逾时以旷考论;因特殊原因不能参加考试者,必须事前请假,并经研究生部批准,否则作旷考论。
考试开始30分钟后才准交卷出场。
答卷时,不得中途离场后再行返回。
如有特殊原因需离场者,必须经监考教师准许并陪同。
答卷一经考生带出考场,即行作废。
四、考生拿到试卷后,应先用钢笔填写好试卷封面各项,特别是学号、姓名、学院名称、课程名称等,不到规定的开考时间,考生不得答题。
五、考试期间,考生应将写好的有答卷文字的一面朝下放置,考生必须按时交卷,交卷时应将试卷、答卷纸和草稿纸整理好,等候监考老师收取,未经许可,不得将试卷、答卷纸和草稿纸带出场外。
六、考生在考场内必须保持安静。
提前交卷的考生,应立即离开考场,不得在考场附近逗留。
七、考生答题必须用钢笔或圆珠笔(蓝、黑色)书写,字迹要工整、清楚。
答案书写在草稿纸上的一律无效。
八、考生对试题内容有疑问的,不得向监考老师询问。
但在试题分发错误或试卷字迹模糊时,可举手询问。
中国石油大学(华东) 2012年硕士研究生入学考试模拟试题(一) 科目代码: 813 科目名称: 物理化学 所有答案必须做在答案题纸上,做在试题纸上无效! 一、 选择题(36分) 1、一定量的液态环己烷在其正常沸点时变为同温同压下的蒸气,则:( ) (A) ΔU = ΔH ,ΔA = ΔG ,ΔS > 0 (B) ΔU < ΔH ,ΔA < ΔG ,ΔS > 0 (C) ΔU > ΔH ,ΔA > ΔG ,ΔS < 0 (D) ΔU < ΔH ,ΔA < ΔG ,ΔS < 0 2、某溶液由2 mol A 和1.5 mol B 混合而成,其体积为420 cm 3,此溶液中组分A 的偏摩尔体积为30 cm 3⋅mol -1,则组分B 的偏摩尔体积:( ) (A) 200 cm 3⋅mol -1 (B) 300 cm 3⋅mol -1 (C) 240 cm 3⋅mol -1 (D) 280 cm 3⋅mol -1 3. 合成了一个新化合物B (s )的质量为1.5 g ,溶于1.0 kg 纯水中形成非电解质溶液,测得出现冰的温度比纯水凝固点下降了0.015 K ,已知水的凝固点降低常数k f = 1.86 K ⋅mol -1⋅kg ,则该化合物的摩尔质量M B ( ) (A) 100 g ⋅mol -1 (B) 150 g ⋅mol -1 (C) 186 g ⋅mol -1 (D) 200 g ⋅mol -1 以冲入容器内的气体为系统,环境对它做功,系统热力学能升高 4.ΔH = Q p ,此式适用于下列哪个过程: ( ) (A) 理想气体从106 Pa 反抗外压105 Pa 膨胀 (B) 0℃,105 Pa 下冰融化成水(C) 电解CuSO 4水溶液(D) 气体从(298 K ,105 Pa)可逆变化到(373 K ,104 Pa)5.一定量的液态环己烷在其正常沸点时变为同温同压下的蒸气,则:( )(A) ΔU = ΔH ,ΔA = ΔG ,ΔS > 0(B) ΔU < ΔH ,ΔA < ΔG ,ΔS > 0(C) ΔU > ΔH ,ΔA > ΔG ,ΔS < 0(D) ΔU < ΔH ,ΔA < ΔG ,ΔS < 06.某溶液由2 mol A 和1.5 mol B 混合而成,其体积为420 cm 3,此溶液中组分A 的偏摩尔体积为30 cm 3⋅mol -1,则组分B 的偏摩尔体积: ( )(A) 200 cm 3⋅mol -1 (B) 300 cm 3⋅mol -1(C) 240 cm 3⋅mol -1 (D) 280 cm 3⋅mol -17.合成了一个新化合物B (s )的质量为1.5 g ,溶于1.0 kg 纯水中形成非电解质溶液,测得出现冰的温度比纯水凝固点下降了0.015 K ,已知水的凝固点降低常数k f = 1.86 K ⋅mol -1⋅kg ,则该化合物的摩尔质量MB (C) (A) 100 g ⋅mol -1 (B) 150 g ⋅mol -1 (C) 186 g ⋅mol -1 (D) 200 g ⋅mol -18.重结晶制取纯盐的过程中,析出的NaCl 固体的化学势与母液中NaCl 的化学势比较,高低如何? ( )(A) 高 (B) 低 (C) 相等 (D) 不可比较9.在298 K 时,设液体A 和B 能形成理想的液态混合物,它们的蒸气形成理想的气态混合物。
硕士研究生英语学位真题2012年12月_真题-无答案(523)
硕士研究生英语学位真题2012年12月(总分100,考试时间90分钟)PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read ONLY ONCE. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.【点此下载音频文件】1. A. His arms. B. His legs. C. His head. D. His shoulder.2. A. Bennie is traveling to San Francisco by air. B. Bennie is very happy about the promotion. C. Bennie has quit a well-paid job. D. Bennie enjoys working in the office.3. A. At 1:45. B. At 2:15. C. At 2:30. D. At 2:45.4. A. Jeffrey is not a good helping hand. B. Jeffrey is too young to start a new career. C. They agree with each other on many things. D. They really dislike each other.5. A. An SUV. B. A sports car. C. A minivan. D. A cargo truck.【点此下载音频文件】6. A. Because the lab was really a mess. B. Because the boss was too strict. C. Because the driver was absent-minded. D. Because someone in the group was manipulative.7. A. Jessica didn't want the job anyway. B. Jessica herself is to blame. C. Jessica should stop her dog from barking. D. Jessica hid something in the tree.8. A. At a restaurant. B. At the airport. C. At a service station. D. At a café.9. A. She has been busy with Biochemistry. B. She hasn't got a partner yet. C. She prefersMicrobiology to Biochemistry. D. She has to drop the lab class.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.Mini-talk One【点此下载音频文件】1. A. Organizing campus activities. B. Taking visitors to various colleges. C. Offering information on American colleges. D. Advising on which university to attend.2. A. Admission requirements. B. Sports programs. C. International database. D. Virtual campus tours.3. A. Because they found many related websites lacking visual materials. B. Because they wanted to compete with the tradition of a personal visit. C. Because they intended to choose their ideal colleges. D. Because they couldn't contact a school directly.Mini-talk Two【点此下载音频文件】1. A. More than 57 million dollars. B. More than 75 million dollars. C. About 550 million dollars. D. More than 15 billion dollars.2. A. Lights and windows. B. Restrooms and elevator equipment. C. Office conditions and environment. D. Lease rates and payment.3. A. An investment association will be set up. B. The building will be illuminated by green lights. C. The occupants will get into trouble. D. The cost of office space will double.Section CDirections: In this section you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording you are asked towrite down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.【点此下载音频文件】1. Post-holiday syndrome is a commonly used term which depicts the ______ (2 words) occurring after the winter holidays and festival season.2. Expecting to ______ (4 words) is a way of telling yourself that this is a normal feeling.3. Lift your spirits by continuing to ______ (3 words) friends and family, and getting out and about to do activities.4. Choose activities that meet your ______ (3 words), and that you know will give you a thrill.5. Once you're ______ (2 words) planning and doing, you'll be too busy to worry. PART Ⅱ VOCABULARYSection ADirections: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.1. These findings run counter to the belief that alcohol stands in the way of analytical thinking.A. spurs B. hinders C. triggers D. accompanies2. As in the rest of the continent, South Africa still has to contend with overwhelming poverty.A. suffer from B. bring about C. invest in D. fight against3. The operation was a success and he had excellent prospects for a full recovery.A. thoughts B. outputs C. odds D. ambitions4. Destiny is defined by individuals keen to imagine a future that is different from the reality.A. eager B. unwilling C. sharp D. quick5. My mother keeps reminding me to stick to my principles and remain honest in whatever I do.A. adhere to B. set about C. insist on D. come upon6. There's nothing worse than a boss who gives implicit instructions and then gets disappointed by the work you give in.A. explicit B. ambiguous C. considerable D. coherent7. About three years into this job, these migrant laborers came to accept the harsh facts in time.A. punctually B. immediately C. originally D. eventually8. An aircraft is equipped with a sophisticated electronic control system for the sake of safety.A. highly-developed B. newly-invented C. well-meant D. long-lived9. This trip offers an opportunity to enjoy the profound silence of the deep, unaltered desert.A. dramatic B. important C. complete D. distant10. All Fire Police Officers are sworn officers of the law and should display a(n) badge of authority when on duty.A. multitude B. token C. air D. degreeSection BDirections: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.1. Eight badminton players were charged with trying to ______ the outcome of preliminary matches.A. dominate B. manipulate C. eliminate D. simulate2. In the beginning, few people were ______ Barack Obama to make a significant impact in the race.A. counting on B. turning out C. proceeding to D. conforming to3. Self-esteem is the ability to be ______ of one's own abilities, talent, worth and value.A. ensured B. insured C. assured D. treasured4. Children of parents who did not go to university are probably more reluctant to ______ secondary education than those who did.A. put in B. fill in C. check in D. enroll in5. Learning something new is, after all, what scientific experiments are all ______.A. about B. against C. towards D. around6. A large-scale wildfire broke out that forced the ______ of over 2,000 people just west of Madrid.A. speculation B. succession C. evacuation D. interrogation7. Intellectually brilliant students from this high school are most ______ to be admitted to elite universities.A. probable B. likely C. possible D. liable8. Her right hand had occasionally ______ from signing her name so many times.A. yelled B. propelled C. compelled D. swelled9. Artists should cultivate their own ______ style rather than always imitating others.A. single B. individual C. private D. separate10. The key to efficient reading is the ability to judge the writer's position ______ the information he is presenting.A. in spite of B. in relation to C. in place of D. in support ofPART Ⅲ CLOZEDirections: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.E-commerce has revolutionized the way business is done in today's market. However, customers are at 1 of purchasing false products or poor quality items. Many 2 the distance between customers and send the wrong goods and lure clients to buy goods recommended as great 3 , but when customers receive these items, they find themselves falling into traps.Many dangers, 4 by the obscurity of e-commerce, involve the products and the electronic transaction. From the buyer's 5 , dangers include purchasing products not measuring 6 what was previously advertised in the website. Another risk is identity theft. Since electronic transactions are needed to complete the purchase, hackers may acquire 7 information about the user to make other purchases.There are still honest businesses that sell their products and services but gain a very small profit by 8 the prices of their products because they have a lot of competition in the Internet. That is 9 one of the hazards of e-commerce that should be considered is the bankruptcy of businesses since profit is low if they need 10 their goods as cheaply as possible.1. A. time B. random C. sight D. risk2. A. take advantage ofB. cast doubt on C. give rise to D. go ahead with3. A. deceptions B. bargains C. opportunities D. advertisements4. A. managed B. created C. prevented D. led5. A. prospect B. aspect C. respect D. perspective6. A. as to B. prior to C. up to D. next to7. A. confidential B. superficial C. potential D. initial8. A. raising B. disqualifying C. exaggerating D. minimizing9. A. how B. because C. why D. where10. A. selling B. to sell C. sell D. soldPART Ⅳ READING COMPREHENSIONDirections: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.Passage OneOne of the areas in which people tend to have ideas that don't make sense is that of rights. For example, many Americans believe that our rights, described in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, derive from God or from the very nature of being human, including the individual right to bear arms. Yet people in most law-governed democracies other than the United States do not have an individual right to bear arms. How, then, can the right to bear arms derive from God? Is this a special right that can be created by the people via government?It is claimed that we can trace the right to be armed to legal and political events in 17th century English history, this time relating to hunting and gaming laws. How does a fundamental natural right lie sleeping throughout the first 6,000 years of recorded history, only to wake to full flower due to conflicts over gaming laws in Restoration England? In the mid-1980s, the idea that people have a right to have consensual sex with partners of any gender was pronounced "joking inappropriately" by the Supreme Court; 25 years later it feels like an obvious, natural outgrowth of the Bill of Rights. If rights evolve this way through the dialectics of culture and history, just how "natural" can they be?Such are the idle thoughts that occur in the wake of America's latest episode of horrifying, meaningless mass slaughter. A large segment of the American public these days apparently finds it offensive to talk about gun control after these sorts of cruelty occur. As economist Mr. Wolfers said: "Let's not talk about gun control. It's too early, right? It's always too early. Except when it's too late."Mr. Wolfers is right: the "too early" construction is ridiculous. The only thing that is certain now is that gun control is uncertain in America. It's never going to happen. There are too many guns out there, and an individual right to bear arms is now established in constitutional law. So this is just what one of America's many faces is going to be: a bitterly divided, hatefully cynical country where insane people have easy access to semi-automatic weapons and occasionally use them to commit crime. We will continue to see more and more of this sort of thing, and there's nothing we can realistically do about it.1. The author begins by arguing that Americans' right to bear arms ______.A. is stipulated in the Constitution B. has been created by individuals C. has nothing to do with God D. is not to be doubted2. The Supreme Court is mentioned in Paragraph 2 to ______.A. confirm the validity of gun ownership by individuals B. argue that the right to bear arms is by no means natural C. prove that gun ownership has been approved by the Court D. describe the process of legislation on gun ownership3. The expression "in the wake of" used in the third paragraph probably means ______.A. butfor B. totally without C. soon after D. just before4. It seems to Mr. Wolfers that gun control is ______.A. really too early to start B. actually offensive C. not necessary now D. already too late5. It seems to the author that gun control in America is ______.A. impossible B. unconstitutional C. time-consuming D. stupid6. Which of the following might be an appropriate title for this passage?A. Gun Control Is Easy B. Gun Ownership Is Legal C. Gun Control, Too Late D. No Need to Control GunsPassage TwoThe English-speaking world does not look kindly on straw. Grasping at straws, straw-man arguments, the last straws and the straws that break so many camels' backs all demonstrate that. There is also a tale that straw is the worst material from which to build a house, particularly if you are a pig with a hungry wolf around. So the cards were stacked against Warren Brush when local officials learned that he had several buildings made of straw bales (大捆) on his land.They have tried to fine him. A lot. But the case is still unresolved. The problem is that California's building codes make no provision for the use of straw. And Mr. Brush has many defenders—among them several university scientists and David Eisenberg, chairman of the United States Green Building Council's code committee. They would like to see the prejudice against straw houses eliminated, for straw is, in many ways, an ideal building material.It is, for one thing, a great insulator. That keeps down the heating bills in houses made from it. It is also a waste product that would otherwise be burned, and is therefore cheap. And—very much to the point in a place like California—it is earthquake-resistant. Last year a test conducted at the University of Nevada showed that straw-bale constructions could withstand twice the amount of ground motion recorded in the Northridge earthquake that hit Los Angeles in 1994.California, of course, is already thoroughly earthquake-proofed. But straw buildings might do well in quake-prone places that are less wealthy. After a strong earthquake struck Pakistan in 2005, Darcey Donovan, a structural engineer from Truckee, California, set up a not-for-profit straw-bale-construction operation that has since built 17 houses there.There are, as it were, other straws in the wind: a post office in suburban Albuquerque, a Quaker school in Maryland, an office complex in suburban Los Angeles and an urban-renewal project in Binghamton, New York, have all been built from straw. Even California is having a rethink, and may change its rules to accommodate straw-bale construction. As Mr. Eisenberg observes, "the lesson of the Three Little Pigs isn't to avoid straw. It's that you don't let a pig build your house."1. By "the cards were stacked against Warren Brush," the author means that Brush ______.A. received punishment B. made a breakthrough C. might be highly praised D. would be in trouble2. David Eisenberg is mentioned ______.A. for the purpose of supporting Warren Bush B. as a representative of official opinions C. to provide evidence against straw houses D. to show the importance of the building codes3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The structure of straw houses. B. The possibility of building straw houses. C. The advantages of straw houses. D. The tips for building straw houses.4. Which aspect of straw is emphasized in Paragraph 4?A. It is abundant in nature. B. It is rather inexpensive. C. It is a great insulator. D. It is easy to transport.5. It can be learned from the last paragraph that California ______.A. will fine Warren Brush as planned B. will reduce the fine on Warren Brush C. may lift the fine on Warren Brush D. may consider a bigger fine on Warren Brush6. The author's purpose in writing the passage is to ______.A. trace the evolution of straw houses B. explain how to build a house with straw C. highlight the prejudice against straw houses D. argue that straw can be used to build housesPassage ThreeI was talking with a senior Public Relations manager the other day about "The Game Trainers" and he expressed much skepticism about both the possibility and value of getting senior professionals to play games."These are serious people with serious jobs, and they are not going to waste time running around like school children," he told me. This statement highlighted many of his assumptions. It also provided me with a golden opportunity to talk about how these "serious people with serious jobs" could actually learn something about themselves, their company, and their business opportunities by allowing creativity to flow more freely through "games."His position is not uncommon and it comes from a deep seated misunderstanding of what a "game" is and what it is for, as well as a set notion of what "work" must look like for it to be considered of value. It's not a coincidence that the most successful companies of the last decade, including Apple and Google, were all started by college students, and perhaps as a consequence have a spirit of fun, creativity and innovation. Their success has not been achieved through a cubicle work environment, strict hierarchy, dull meetings and a 9 to 5 work structure. Instead they have flowing and flexible work spaces, a culture of collaboration, and opportunities for creativity.So where does the line between "work" and "game" occur? Well maybe there isn't one, or at least maybe there shouldn't be one. So is all this just a matter of perception? Well, yes and no. The starting point in allowing creativity to flow freely is to accept that the line between business and play is blurred, or at best non-existent. Only then is it possible to create the opportunity and appropriate environment for individuals and groups to play the game (or work) as well as they possibly can.The Game Trainers support this innovative and highly productive approach to work by creating games and group exercises to develop awareness and insight of issues, as well developing games to integrate into the working environment. And so, I said to the PR man, it's a good thing that they are "serious people with serious jobs," because we also are extremely serious about play, and in today's environment they simply cannot afford not to play games.1. What does the PR manager think of the author's proposal of playing games?A. It is probably nonsense. B. It is against the rule. C. It would be beneficial. D. It is worth a try.2. The author suggests that the PR manager's position on games ______.A. is hard to understand in today's world B. represents a common misunderstanding C. is based on scientifically proven concepts D. allows for greater work efficiency3. The examples of Apple and Google show that ______.A. games should be separated from work B. it helps to combine work with games C. work and games can be clearly defined D. no work can be done well without games4. What is the topic of Paragraph 4?A. How to draw a line between work and game? B. What is the line between work and game? C. Should there be a line between work and game? D. Why is there a line between work and game?5. "The Game Trainers" is probably a ______.A. computer game B. search engine C. research system D. game developer6. In this passage the author ______.A. encourages people to work more creatively B. describes how to balance work with life C. promotes an innovative approach to work D. analyzes why it is important to enjoy workPassage Four"A robot can't replace me," Andy Richter complained loudly but in good fun, facing the prospect of losing his job to the Jeopardy!-winning IBM's Watson computer. "A robot can't do the things a human can do. I mean, can he love, can he feel?"Well, no. But some folks are asking similar questions about computers such as Watson taking their jobs someday. "After all, if a machine can beat humans at Jeopardy!, will computers soon be competing with people for knowledge-based jobs?" asks Martin Ford, author of The Lights in the Tunnel in a Fortune magazine article. "If IBM's hopes for the technology are realized, workers may, in fact, have cause for concern."Ford and others argue that computers and robots such as Watson have the potential to replace not only assembly-line jobs, such as the manufacturing positions that dropped nationwide by one-third over the last decade, but the "knowledge worker" jobs of the modern economy, such as radiologists and lawyers. "Many of these people will be highly educated professionals who had previously assumed that they were, because of their skills and advanced educations, beneficiariesof the trend toward an increasingly technological and globalized world," Ford argues in his book.But Cornell University sociologist Trevor Pinch says that warnings about artificial intelligence taking over have missed essential shortcomings of computers for decades. "I would call them friendly monsters," he says, rather than job-killing ones. "Computers can never experience the things that make us uniquely human, they have never been delayed at O'Hare airport long enough to walk around the memorial to Gen. O'Hare, and have that memory stuck in your brain."Underneath the exaggerated publicity, the human brain far outperforms computers, and not just in raw calculating power, says information scholar Martin Hilbert of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. All of the computers in the world taken together possess the computational power of, in all, 62 human brains, he says, based on findings his team reported this month in Science. There are about six billion people alive today.And hey, if things turn out as bad as Ford suggests, there is always the solution that Andy Richter settled on—beating anything that resembles the job-threatening Watson with a baseball bat. Let's hope it doesn't come down to that.1. We can learn that Jeopardy! is ______.A. a newly developed computer program B. a match between computers and humans C. a robot built with the latest technology D. a competition between fastest computers2. Paragraph 3 mainly discusses ______.A. the threat posed by tech development B. the potential benefits of digitalization C. the gap between blue-collar and white-collar jobs D. the way to survive knowledge-based economy3. In Paragraph 4, Trevor Pinch is talking about ______.A. man's advantages over computers B. advantages of computers over man C. the reliability of computers D. the future development of computers4. The sentence "There are about six billion people alive today" implies that ______.A. nobody should underestimate the power of computers B. we have enough manpower to fix existing problems C. computers can help human beings in all possible ways D. there is no need to worry too much about computers5. Who is most concerned about computers' taking over people?A. Martin Hilbert. B. Trevor Pinch. C. Martin Ford. D. Andy Richter.6. What does the author think of the prospect of jobs being lost to computers?A. It should be taken into serious consideration. B. We can always find solutions to the problem. C. It is too early to say anything for certain. D. We should always be ready for possible changes.Passage FiveThey are regarded as chores by both sexes, but fall disproportionately on only one. The latest survey of time use in America suggests women still shoulder most of the housework, spending on average an hour a day, compared with barely 20 minutes for the unfairer sex.Standard explanations for this division of labor rest on the pay gap between the sexes. A recent report shows women still earn about 20% less than men in America. But in a new paper, Leslie Stratton of Virginia Commonwealth University asks whether different attitudes to housework also play a role in sharing the dusting.Ms. Stratton draws on data from the 2000—2001 Time Use Survey in Britain, which shows how people spent their day and which tasks they enjoyed. Attitudes certainly differed: women disliked laundry less than men; ironing was extremely dreaded by both; strangely large numbers of both sexes liked shopping for food.Ms. Stratton found some evidence for the pay-gap hypothesis. Women with higher wages did a little less work at home. A woman who earned 10% more than average escaped doing two minutes' housework per weekday. Her partner heroically made up this time at the weekend. But his wages made no difference to the extent of his efforts around the house.The major determinant of how much housework a man did was how much he disliked it. Men who liked housework spent around 60% more time per weekday on it than those who were indifferent to it. Women's preferences seemed to have no effect on the time they spent on chores.One way to reduce the burden for both is to get help, although again the rewards are unevenly spread. He got away with 43% less housework at weekends, and she did 17% less. Almost all the extra housework generated by children was taken on by the woman. As children get older the weekday burden falls, but weekend time rises—and still comes mainly from her.There is truth in the idea that chores go to the lower-paid partner. But cause and effect are unclear. Do women do more because of lower pay, or might their careers suffer from a disproportionate burden at home? Evidence that only men's preferences seem to matter suggests the latter explanation should not be swept under the carpet.1. In a new paper, Leslie Stratton aims to ______.A. introduce some new ways for women to do less housework B. explain women's housework burden from a new angle C. challenge the survey that women still do most of the housework D. confirm the standard explanation for women's housework burden2. Which of the following tasks is disliked most by women?A. Laundry. B. Ironing. C. Shopping for food. D. Caring for babies.3. Ms. Stratton finds that the standard explanation for the division of labor ______.A. makes some sense B. lacks real evidence C. is truly well-grounded D. misses the point4. According to Paragraph 5, the division of labor is greatly affected by ______.A. the pay gap between the sexes B. the relationship between the sexes C. women's attitudes to housework D. men's preferences for housework5. What is the main idea of Paragraph 6?A. Men tend to benefit more from hired help. B. Women consider hired help especially useful. C. Getting help works equally well for both sexes. D. Getting help works better for families with kids.6. The author suggests in the last sentence of the passage that ______.A. the way housework is。
桂林电子科技大学 818物理光学(2014-B) 2014年硕士研究生考研真题
4. 关于多缝衍射,以下说法错误的是( ) 。 A、多缝衍射是单缝衍射和多缝干涉共同作用的结果;
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B、衍射图样有可能出现主极大的缺级; C、各级衍射主极大强度相等; D、亮条纹较单缝干涉更加细锐。 5. 关于干涉与衍射,以下说法错误的是( ) 。 A、都体现了光的波动性; B、都是相干光叠加引起光强重新分配的结果; C、干涉是有限个相关光的叠加,衍射是无限多个相干光的叠加; D、白光无法产生干涉衍射现象。 6. 望远镜的物镜口径变大,则其分辨率会( ) 。 A、变高 B、变低 C、不变 D、不确定 三、计算题(本题 90 分) 1. (15 分) 有一理想光学系统位于空气中,其光焦度为 = 50D ,当焦物距 x=-180mm,物高 y=60mm 时, 试分别用牛顿公式和高斯公式求像的位置和大小,以及轴向放大率和角放大率。 2. (10 分) 一个长 40mm 的充以空气的气室置于杨氏装置中的一个小孔前,在观察屏上观察到稳定的干涉条纹 系, 后抽去气室中的空气, 注入某种气体, 发现条纹系移动了 30 个条纹。 已知照射光波波长为 656.28nm, 空气折射率为 1.000276,试求注入气体的折射率 n g 。 3.(15 分) 如下图所示的测量铝箔厚度 D 的干涉装置的结构,两块薄玻璃板尺寸为 80mm*20mm。在钠黄光λ =589.3nm 照明下,从楔尖开始数出 50 个条纹,相应的距离为 22.5mm,试求铝箔的厚度 D;若改用绿光 照明,从楔尖开始数出 80 个条纹,其间距为 33.6mm,试求此绿光的波长。
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力疾病(近视、远视、老花)且需要配上多少度的眼镜才能使其眼恢复正常? 7. (10 分) 在双缝的夫琅和费衍射实验中所用的光波的波长 500 nm ,透镜焦距 f 100cm ,观察到两相 邻亮条纹之间的距离 e 2.5mm ,并且第四级亮纹缺级,试求双缝的缝距和缝宽。
桂林电子科技大学2011-2012学年度本科生国家奖学金推荐名单
桂林电子科技大学2011-2012学年度本科生国家奖学金推荐名单序号学号姓名学院学年学分绩学分绩排名综合测试排名2011-2012学年获得重要奖励和荣誉1 0900150223 陆世友机电工程学院87.03 3/100 2/100 2011年12月全国大学生电子设计竞赛一等奖,2012年全区三好学生,2011年度桂林市优秀团员,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金2 0900110401 黄远群机电工程学院86.26 4/131 2/131 2011年10月第五届中南地区港澳特区机械设计制造创新大赛二等奖,2011年11月第二届广西高校创新设计与制作大赛一等奖,2011年10月全国三维数字化创新设计大赛(广西区)三等奖,桂林市“鸿程.翰特”三维创新设计大赛一等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀学生干部、十佳团干、优秀团干3 0900110316 潘道辉机电工程学院83.32 9/131 6/131 2011年12月全国大学生电子设计竞赛一等奖,2011年10月中国航天科技集团CASC 奖学金,2011-2012学年校优秀学生二等奖学金4 1000160101 刘晓晨机电工程学院85.4 3/57 2/57 2012年6月第五届“挑战杯”广西大学生创业计划竞赛二等奖,2012年第六届广西区大学生电子设计大赛三等奖,2012年5月全区优秀学生干部,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好学生5 0901120108 黄天茂机电工程学院88.78 1/51 1/51 2012 年6月第五届全国大学生机械创新设计大赛广西赛区三等奖,2011年11月全国三维数字化创新设计大赛全国现场总决赛二等奖;2011年10月全国三维数字化创新设计大赛广西区特等奖,2011年11月广西第二届机械创新设计大赛二等奖;2011广西区第五届“挑战杯”三等奖,2012年参与研制的保健按摩椅获得国家实用新型专利(专利号:ZL 2011 2 0546668.8)2012年在核心期刊《机械工程与自动化》上发表了《斗牛士健身机创新设计与制造》论文一篇(第五作者);2011年在综合性机械工程技术期刊《机械》中发表了《一款多功能保健按摩椅的创新设计》论文一篇(第三作者),2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好学生标兵、优秀团干6 0900210432 赵振信息与通信学院87.32 7/163 1/163 2011年10月全国大学生数学建模竞赛一等奖、2011年10月广西区数学建模竞赛一等奖、2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好学生、优秀团员7 0900220324 石博文信息与通信学院93.5 4/170 4/170 2011年8月广西区挑战杯创业计划大赛一等奖,2011年8月广西区“金蝶杯”营销大赛三等奖,2011年11月中国航空航天集团CASC奖学金,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好学生、十佳团干8 0900230226 王晨信息与通信学院88.08 2/90 2/90 2011年10月"高教社"杯数学建模竞赛一等奖、2011年10月数学建模竞赛广西区一等奖、2011年11月全国电子设计竞赛广西区二等奖、2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵9 0901130122 刘积运信息与通信学院87.8 2/63 2/63 2012年9月广西区电子设计大赛一等奖、2011年11月全国电子设计大赛广西区二等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生二等奖学金、三好学生、优秀学生干部、优秀团员10 1000210503 廖小玲信息与通信学院83.84 6/156 5/156 2011年11月全国电子设计竞赛广西赛区三等奖、2011年5月“桂林市优秀青年志愿者”、2011-2012学年优秀学生一等奖学金、三好学生标兵、优秀团员11 1000220621 李宁信息与通信学院87.9 14/339 2/339 2012年6月广西电子设计大赛二等奖、2011年11月国家励志奖学金、2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀团员12 1000310428 赵成帅计算机科学与工程学院85.81 6/110 3/1102012年第七届全国大学生“飞思卡尔”杯智能汽车竞赛华南赛区一等奖、2012年5月第三届“蓝桥杯”全国软件专业人才设计与创业大赛全国总决赛C/C++程序设计本科组优秀奖、2012年4月第三届“蓝桥杯”全国软件专业人才设计与创业大赛广西赛区C/C++程序设计本科组一等奖、2011年全国大学生电子设计竞赛广西区本科组三等奖、2012年全国大学生电子设计竞赛广西区本科组二等奖、2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵13 0900340212 韦春楼计算机科学与工程学院90.28 1/58 1/582012年5月微软MOS世界大赛中国区总决赛 Word 2007 一等奖;2012年5月获微软MOS世界大赛中国区总决赛 Word 2010、Excel2010、Powerpoint2010二等奖; 2012年全国大学生英语竞赛优胜奖、2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵14 0900350105 张燕计算机科学与工程学院85.51 2/72 1/722012年6月全国大学生英语竞赛优胜奖,2012年6月广西省创新型项目《基于磁盘过滤驱动的USB存储设备透明监控系统》,2012年度广西区三好学生,2011年10月桂林大学生信息安全大赛三等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀团干15 1000310403 石小燕计算机科学与工程学院88.39 2/110 1/1102012年5月“第十一届‘全国信息核心技能大赛’暨微软办公软件核心技能世界大赛中国区选拔赛”Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2010 学生组二等奖、 PowerPoint 2007 学生组二等奖、 Excel 2010 学生组二等奖、 Word 2010 学生组二等奖、2011年度桂林市优秀团员、2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀团干16 0900410101 戴晓玉艺术与设计学院87.56 2/91 1/91 2011年11月第五届大学生先行全国数字艺术设计大赛《工业设计组》铜奖2项,全国大学生工业设计大赛总决赛优秀奖,2012年6月全国大学生工业设计大赛广西赛区一等奖3项,与叶德辉教授共同为学院书法班设计《书法教学平台》,并制作了样机,专利正在申请中,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、十佳团支书、优秀团干17 0900410122 蒋联标艺术与设计学院87.14 4/91 2/91 2011年11月第五届大学生先行全国数字艺术设计大赛《工业设计组》铜奖2项,2012年6月全国大学生工业设计大赛广西赛区一等奖3项,与叶德辉教授共同为学院书法班设计《书法教学平台》,并制作了样机,专利正在申请中,2011年12月国家励志奖学金,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀团干18 1000410125 薛胜鸿艺术与设计学院83.95 6/116 1/116 2011年12月首义杯全国首届大学生硬笔书法大赛优秀奖,2012年6月全国工业设计大赛广西赛区一等奖2项、二等奖2项,2012年2月广西首届书法大展赛三等奖,2012年度广西区三好学生,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀学生干部、学生社团先进个人19 0900590117 曾慧妮商学院86.33 4/62 1/62 2012年8月第五届广西大学生挑战杯创业计划竞赛一等奖,2012年8月广西大学生“网络虚拟运营”竞赛二等奖,2012年5月全国大学生英语竞赛二等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀团员20 0900550202 华晓丹商学院85.32 7/69 4/69 2012年5月第十一届‘全国信息化核心技能大赛’暨微软办公软件核心技能世界大赛海中国区选拔赛POWERPOINT2012亚军、POWERPOINT2010亚军、WORD2010 二等奖、WORD2007 一等奖、EXCEL2007 二等奖,2012年8月第五届“挑战杯”广西大学生创业计划竞赛一等奖,2012年8月广西大学生“网络虚拟运营”竞赛三等奖,2012年5月全国大学生英语竞赛三等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生二等奖学金、三好学生21 0900580118 翟慧华商学院88.48 4/64 1/64 2012年8月广西大学生挑战杯创业计划大赛二等奖,2012年8月广西大学生“虚拟网络运营”竞赛三等奖,全国大学生英语竞赛三等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀学生干部22 1000520119 刘地长商学院82.46 9/89 1/89 2012年8月广西大学生挑战杯创业计划大赛二等奖,2012年8月广西大学生“虚拟网络运营”竞赛三等奖,“2012年全国大学生管理决策模拟大赛”全国半决赛二等奖,2011年12月国家励志奖学金,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好学生、优秀学生干部、优秀团员23 1000550219 谢颖商学院83.06 14/59 5/59 2012年2月全国第三届大学生艺术展演活动艺术表演类甲组一等奖成员,2011年9月广西三届大学生艺术展演活动艺术表演类一等奖成员,2011年12月桂林高校第三届才艺大赛一等奖成员,2011-2012学年校优秀学生二等奖学金、三好学生24 1000610417 汤佳平外国语学院93.86 1/97 1/97 2011年第三届东方正龙杯翻译大赛二等奖;2012年5月全国大学生英语竞赛一等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀学生干部、优秀团员25 1000710122 龙乃潮数学与计算科学学院97.42 1/81 1/812012年5月全国大学生英语竞赛C类一等奖,2011年12月国家励志奖学金,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀学生干部26 0900720202 洪文春数学与计算科学学院90.89 3/67 3/672011年9月全国大学生数学建模竞赛二等奖,2011年9月全国大学生数学建模竞赛广西区一等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生二等奖学金、三好学生、十佳团干、优秀团干27 0900840230 王定发电子工程与自动化学院87.81 3/83 1/832012年8月广西大学生电子设计竞赛一等奖,2012年8月第五届广西大学生挑战杯创业计划竞赛一等奖,2012年8月广西大学生“网络虚拟运营”竞赛二等奖, 2011年12月国家励志奖学金,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵28 0900840109 谢凤华电子工程与自动化学院87 6/83 2/83 2012年广西区电子设计大赛一等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵29 1000830326 虞达应电子工程与自动化学院82.59 2/78 1/78 2012年广西区电子设计大赛一等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵30 0900320101 丁亚琼电子工程与自动化学院90.74 3/85 2/852012年广西区电子设计大赛三等奖,2012年自治区三好学生,2011年12月国家励志奖学金,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵31 1001020203 肖渊渊材料科学与工程学院85.66 1/83 1/832012年8月第五届“挑战杯”广西大学生创业计划竞赛一等奖(担任团队队长),2012年8月广西大学生“网络虚拟运营”暨第三届“金蝶杯”创业模拟实战大赛三等奖(担任团队队长),2012年9月广西大学生化学化工类论文及设计竞赛三等奖,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵32 1001210122 杨岚国际学院90.98 2/26 1/26 2012年6月“留守的心,我们来关爱”志愿服务项目获“2011年广西高校大学生志愿服务项目”,2011年5月桂林市优秀青年志愿者,2012年6月第五届中国大学生公益创意大赛决赛阶段全国入围团队,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀团干、学生社团先进个人33 1001310110 施奕公共事务学院83.85 1/56 1/56 2012年获区教育厅社会实践优秀成果奖, 2012年08月在《商品与质量》发表《电子政务在高校行政管理体系中的应用与研究》(第一作者),2012年08月在《科技促进发展》发表《漓江水质污染问题探究及对策分析》(第一作者),2012年9月在《祖国》发表《桂林地区居家养老服务站点经营模式分析与研究》(第一作者),2011年8月在《企业家天地》发表《大学生社会实践黄金律》(独著),以第二作者参加国家大学生创新计划项目、广西区大学生创新创业训练项目《桂林地区社区养老服务创新管理模式研究》,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀学生干部34 0900810202 韩莹生命与环境科学学院87.18 1/53 1/532011年11月广西高校大学生化学实验技能竞赛优胜奖,2012年5月广西区三好学生,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀学生干部35 0800130219 刘宗炬建筑与交通工程学院87.72 1/56 1/562012年5月第七届全国大学生交通科技大赛三等奖,2011年12月国家励志奖学金,2011-2012学年校优秀学生一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀团干36 1012140116 李光强职业技术学院91.39 1/94 1/94 2012年5月全国大学生机械创新大赛广西赛区二等奖,2011年12月国家励志奖学金,2011-2012学年桂林电子科技大学职业技术学院一等奖学金37 1112240223 闫奥博职业技术学院88.65 1/79 1/79 荣获2011-2012学年桂林电子科技大学职业技术学院一等奖学金、三好标兵、优秀学生干部38 1012310103 贺传珺职业技术学院92 1/154 1/154 2011年荣获国信蓝点杯广西区三等奖,2012年荣获国信蓝点杯广西区二等奖,2012年度广西自治区三好学生,2011-2012学年桂林电子科技大学职业技术学院一等奖学金、三好标兵39 1012520827 卢聃职业技术学院91.22 3/515 4/515 2012年全国大学生全程电子商务沙盘模拟大赛广西区赛二等奖,2011-2012学年桂林电子科技大学职业技术学院一等奖学金、三好标兵40 1012610312 王冰洁职业技术学院91.64 1/77 1/77 2012年全国高职高专英语实用口语大赛广西区专业组一等奖,2011-2012学年桂林电子科技大学职业技术学院一等奖学金、三好标兵。
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试教育学专业基础综合(代码311)真题及详解
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试教育学专业基础综合(代码311)真题及详解一、单项选择题:1~45小题,每小题2分,共90分。
下列每题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合试题要求。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1.关注和探询“谁控制学校”、“谁制定学校管理的政策”、“谁决定教育的伦理、社会和经济目标”、“谁设置课程”的教育理论流派是()。
A.制度教育学B.改造主义教育理论C.存在主义教育理论D.批判教育学【考点】教育理论流派的主要观点。
【答案】D【解析】本题旨在考查考生对不同教育理论流派基本观点的理解和掌握情况。
制度教育学重视制度的教育价值;改造主义教育理论强调教育是“社会改造”的工具,主张以重大的社会问题作为课程内容;存在主义教育理论主张教育的本质和目的在于使学生实现“自我生成”、提倡学生“自由选择”道德标准、主张个别教育的方法,主张培养学生的人格品质;批判教育学关注和探询“谁控制学校”、“谁决定教育的伦理、社会和经济目标”、“谁设置课程”等。
故本题的正确答案为D。
2.如下现象属于教育范畴的是()。
A.爸爸针对小明懦弱的个性设法训练小明如何以牙还牙报复欺侮者B.妈妈指导小明在与他人冲突中如何保护自己C.老师严格管理以保护小明等弱小学生不再受欺负D.小明在与同学的多次冲突中逐渐学会了如何与人和睦相处【考点】教育的内涵与实质。
【答案】B【解析】本题旨在考查考生对教育内涵与实质的理解程度。
教育是一种有目的、有意识的培养人的活动。
它与“管理”、“自学”不同,更与“以牙还牙”等负面的“训练”有本质区别。
这道题的关键还是要找到每个选项的关键词,ACD的关键词分别给出,是训练、管理和学会。
故本题的正确答案为B。
3.下列现象中,可以说明教育对社会发展起促进作用的是()。
A.班级授课制为普及义务教育提供了便利B.普及义务教育在一定程度上满足了机器大生产对劳动力的需求C.僵化的制度化教育导致社会拒绝学校毕业生D.学生发展指导制度促进了学生学业、生涯、个性及社会性的发展【考点】教育的社会功能。
电子科技大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试复试成绩
电子科技大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试复试成绩
(更新时间:2012年5月6日22:40)
说明:
1、学校将根据学院上报陆续公布学院复试成绩及意见,部分研究方向、导师等信息在5月前确定。
2、未录取考生可参加院内调剂、校内调剂或校外调剂,详见《电子科技大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试复试工作办法》。
3、考生对复试成绩、学院意见如有异议请向学院研究生科提出,如仍有异议再向研招办提出。
4、拟上报考生经公示、教育部5月录检合格后才确定为正式录取,正式录取以录取通知书为准。
5、5月发放录取通知书,同时对录取类别为自筹的新生进行调档,与录取类别为定向或委培的新生签订协议,具体事宜另行通知。
西方经济学(市场结构与竞争策略)历年真题试卷汇编4
西方经济学(市场结构与竞争策略)历年真题试卷汇编4(总分:62.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.关于完全竞争市场的厂商,下列陈述中正确的是( )。
(电子科技大学2010研)(分数:2.00)A.完全竞争市场中的厂商不能获得经济利润B.完全竞争市场中的厂商停止生产的条件是P=AC(AC为厂商的平均成本)C.完全竞争市场中一个厂商的产量影响其他厂商的利润函数D.每个完全竞争市场中的厂商都生产具有帕累托效率的产量√解析:解析:A项完全竞争厂商在短期可以获得经济利润,长期均衡时经济利润为0;B项在短期,完全竞争厂商停止生产的条件是P≤AVC;C项在完全竞争市场中,价格是外生变量,任何一个厂商都不能通过控制产量来影响价格,所以厂商之间是孤立的,彼此无法施加影响。
2.如果在企业的短期均衡产量上,市场价格小于SAC,但高于AVC,那么企业( )。
(上海财经大学2009研) (分数:2.00)A.出现亏损,应立即停产B.亏损,但继续生产√C.亏损,生产或不生产都可以D.获得利润,继续生产解析:解析:价格低于平均成本SAC但是高于平均可变成本AVC时,虽然亏损但是应继续生产,以挽回一部分损失。
3.下列说法正确的是( )。
(上海财经大学2006研)(分数:2.00)A.企业的长期供给曲线是平均可变成本曲线以上的边际成本曲线B.企业的长期供给曲线是平均成本曲线以上的边际成本曲线√C.企业的短期供给曲线比长期供给曲线更有弹性D.企业的长期供给曲线是价格等于最小平均成本时的一条水平线解析:解析:A项平均可变成本曲线以上的边际成本曲线表示企业的短期供给曲线;C项由于短期内生产设备等固定投资难以调整,所以企业的短期供给曲线弹性更小,比长期供给曲线更平坦;D项只有在规模报酬不变时,企业的长期供给曲线才是价格等于最小平均成本时的一条水平线。
4.一个竞争性企业的长期总成本函数是c(y)=3y 2 +243,y>0。
中国科学技术大学《808电路与电子线路》历年考研真题汇编
目 录第一部分 中国科学技术大学808电路与电子线路考研真题2014年中国科学技术大学电路与电子线路考研真题2013年中国科学技术大学电路与电子线路考研真题2012年中国科学技术大学电路与电子线路考研真题第二部分 兄弟院校电路与电子线路考研真题2015年电子科技大学815电路分析基础考研真题2014年重庆大学840电路原理一考研真题2012年厦门大学846电子线路(含模拟和数字)考研真题2012年华东师范大学883电子线路(含模拟、数字)考研真题第一部分中国科学技术大学808电路与电子线路考研真题2014年中国科学技术大学电路与电子线路考研真题2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(鬼路与电子线路)所有试题答案写在答题舐上,答案写在试卷上无效s需使用计算器□不使用计算器一、填空(每题4分,共16分)1.对任一含“个节点、力条支路的电蹬,可以列出的独立KCL方程数为应,独立KVL方程数为鱼。
2.电路如图1-1折示,剧等效电感L舛=全图1-1图)-2图1-33.电路如S1-2.〃为纯电阻网络,E)开关闭台前电路为稳态.已知虬〔TV,虬疽/'V"之。
*),电路全响应为%(。
=(2+5广+3产)丫(佗0+)「则峋的零输入响应为®,4.用路如图1-3,N为线性含源电阻网络,《=1V时,虬=2V;孔=2V盹,%=3V,则七=3V时,岭=曳>二、计算(共34分)1.(12分)电路如图2-L按图中标注.(1)列出三个回路电流方程|(2)以节点0为参考节瘤,列出三个节点电压方程,(无需求解)图E 考试科目;电肆与珥子城路第I页共4页2.(10分)如图2・2,电路原处于稳态,E时开关S打开,求X的/(r)。
一1+$13.(12分)电路如图2-3,二端口网络N的运算阻抗参数矩阵Z(s)=Q o11+r(1)求网络函数=:(2)若上=2。
顷珀)A,求零状态响应u2(0,如)三、简答或简算(每题5分,共20分)1.室温下,实际二极管加正向偏置电压,流过二极管的宜流电流为2mA,求此时二极管的交流电阻值。
2012年北京大学801经济学考研真题汇编
2012年北京大学801经济学考研真题汇编各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上北京大学,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题汇编,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
一、政治经济学(60分)(-)解释下列经济范畴(每个2分,共10分)l.资本有机构成 2.领价制3.社会主义市场运行机制4.企业法人财产5.国民收入的初次分配(二)不定项选择题:下列各题有一个或一个以上的正确答案,把所选项前的字母按题号顺序写在答题纸上;多选、漏选、错选,该小题不得分。
(每小题2分,共10分)1.下列几种关系,哪些是反比关系A.社会劳动生产率与单位商品价值量B.固定资本所占比重与预付总资本的周转速度C.资本有机构成与利润率D.资本有机构成与其吸纳的劳动者人数E.股票价格与利息率3.资本是A. 积累到一定数量的货币B.机器、厂房、原材料C.能够带来剩余价值的价值D.体现在物上的人们在价值增殖过程中的相互关系E.一种不断增殖的价值运动.3.选出下列相当于平均利润的剩余价值的转化形式A. 产业利润B.商业利润C.借贷利息D.银行利润E.地租4.企业经济效益是指A. 社会必要劳动耗费与劳动占用的对比关系B.社会必要劳动成果与劳动耗费的对比关系C.社会必要劳动占用与劳动耗费的对比关系D.社会必要劳动成果与劳动占用的对比关系E.社会必要劳动成果与劳动占用和劳动耗费的对比关系5.社会主义企业经济责任制的基本原则是A. 责、权、利相结合B.国家、集体、个人利益相统一C.国家对企业实行经济责任制D.企业内部实行经济责任制E.职工劳动所得同劳动成果相联系(三)简答题(每小题10分,共20分)1.回答相对剩余价值和超额剩余价值的联系和区别。
2.简述市场经济与商品经济的联系和区别。
(四)论述题(20分)试述商品价值量是怎样决定的?二、西方经济学(40分)(一)解释下列经济范畴(每个2分,共10分)1. 机会成本2.资本边际效率 3. LM曲线4. 对外贸易乘数5.索洛增长模型(二)简答题(10分)什么是基数效用论和序数效用论的消费者均衡条件,为什么?(三)论述题(20分)凯恩期货币政策评述。
电子科技大学839自动控制原理_2012年真题及答案
电⼦科技⼤学839⾃动控制原理_2012年真题及答案2012年试题1. (共10分) 某单位负反馈系统,已知:1) 系统为三阶系统,且⼀对闭环主导极点为112,1j s ±-= 2) 在t t r =)(作⽤下的稳态误差为1.2求同时满⾜以上条件的系统开环传递函数)(s G2. (共20分) 某负反馈系统结构框图如图1所⽰,图11) 试求系统闭环传递函数)()()(s R s C s =Φ表达式2) 试确定参数K 和β,使系统阻尼⽐707.0=?,⽆阻尼⾃振荡⾓频率s rad n /2=ω,求此时系统的动态性能指标s t %,σ3) 当系统输⼊t t r 2)(=时,求系统由)(t r 产⽣的稳态误差ss e 4) 试确定补偿控制器)(s G n ,使⼲扰)(t n 对系统输出)(t c ⽆影响3.(共15分) 某控制系统状态⽅程为u x x x x+?--=???1032102121,试求: 1) 系统的状态转移矩阵)(t Φ2) 在单位阶跃输⼊和初始状态=01)0(x 作⽤下的系统状态向量)(t x4. (共15分) 某正反馈控制系统结构框图如图2所⽰图21) 试绘制当K 变化时的闭环根轨迹图2) 使确定系统稳定且为过阻尼状态时K 的范围5. (共15分) 某采样控制系统如图3所⽰,其中τ为⼤于零的常数,T 为采样周期,如要求系统在t t r =)(作⽤下的稳态误差T e ss 25.0=,试给出系统稳定时T 的取值范围图36. (共15分) 某控制系统如图4所⽰,试利⽤状态反馈⽅法构成闭环系统,并使得系统闭环传递函数为24507024502++=Φs s ,试求出满⾜要求的状态反馈增益[]21k k K =图47. (共15分) ⼀致某负反馈系统开环传递函数为T k Ts s s k s H s G ,,,)1()1()()(ττ+-=均⼤于0,使⽤奈奎斯特稳定判据判断系统稳定性。
2012年全国硕士研究生招生考试管理类联考综合能力真题(写作)
2012年全国硕士研究生招生考试管理类联考综合能力真题(写作)56、论证有效性分析:分析下述论证中存在的缺陷和漏洞,选择若干要点,写一篇600字左右的文章,对该论证的有效性进行分析和评论。
(论证有效性分析的一般要点是:概念特别是核心概念的界定和使用是否准确并前后一致,有无各种明显的逻辑错误,论证的论据是否成立并支持结论,结论成立的条件是否充分,等等。
)地球的气候变化已成为当今世界关注的热点,这一问题看似复杂,其实简单,只要我们运用科学原理——如爱因斯坦的相对论——去对待,也许就会找到解决这一问题的方法。
众所周知,爱因斯坦的相对论颠覆了人类关于宇宙和自然的常识性观念,不管是狭义相对论还是广义相对论,都揭示了宇宙间事物运动中普遍存在的相对性。
既然宇宙万物的运动都是相对的,那么我们观察问题时也应该采用相对的方法,如变换视角等。
假如我们变换视角去看一些问题,也许会得出和一般常识完全不同的观点。
假如,我们称之为灾害的那些自然现象,包括海啸、台风、暴雨等,其实也是大自然本身的一般现象而已,从大自然的视角来看,无所谓灾害不灾害。
只是当它损害了人类利益,危及了人类生存的时候,从人类的视角来看,我们才称之为灾害。
再变换一下视角,从一个更广泛的范围来看,我们人类自己也是大自然的一部分,既然我们的祖先是类人猿,而类人猿正像大熊猫、华南虎、藏羚羊、扬子鳄乃至银杏、水杉、五针松等一样,是整个自然生态中的有机组成部分,那为什么我们自己就不是了呢?由此可见,人类的问题就是大自然的问题,即使人类在某一时期部分地改变了气候,也还是整个大自然系统中的一个自然问题,自然的问题自然会解决,人类不必过多干预。
【参考范文】人类真的不必干涉自然问题吗?上述材料通过一系列论证,得出人类不必干涉大自然的问题这一结论。
然而,该论证存在以下几个方面的缺陷。
首先,论述这认为“只要用相对论就会找到解决自然问题的方法”这一观点过于绝对,世间有各种各样的领域,相对论可能只是用于解释某些领域的问题,是否能解决地球气候变化问题有待确定。
2012年全国硕士研究生考试初试成绩基本要求(国家线)
工程照顾专业*
275
37
56
265
34
51
临床医学照顾专业*
265
34
102
255
31
93
享受少数民族政策的考生*
240
30
45
240
30
45
报考少数民族高层次骨干人才计划考生进入复试的初试成绩基本要求为总分不低于240分。
军事学
300
41
62
290
38
57
管理学
340
50
75
330
47
71
艺术学
315
34
51
305
31
47
体育学
265
34
102
255
31
93
工学照顾专业*
275
37
56
265
34
51
中医类照顾专业*
265
34
102
255
31
93
享受少数民族政策的考生*
240
30
45
240
30
45
报考少数民族高层次骨干人才计划考生进入复试的初试成绩基本要求为总分不低于240分。
2012年全国硕士研究生招生考试考生进入复试的初试成绩基本要求
(专业学位类)
专业学位名称
A类考生*
B类考生*
总分
单科(满分=100分)
单科(满分>100分)
总分
单科(满分=100分)
单科(满分>100分)
金融、应用统计、税务、国际商务、保险、资产评估
340
50
75
2012年考研法律硕士(综合课)真题及答案(完美打印版)
2012年考研法律硕士(非法学)考试综合课试题及答案一、单项选择题:第1~45题,每小题1分,共45分。
下列每题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1.下列关于法的本质的表述,正确的是( )。
A.荷兰思想家格劳秀斯认为法是神意的体现B.罗马思想家奥古斯认为法是主权者的命令C.德国法学家萨维尼认为法是民族精神的体现D.中世纪思想家托马斯阿奎那认为法是理性的体现2.下列选项中属于法的基本特征的是( )。
A.法是由国家制定或者认可的,具有人民性B.法是由社会强制力促使实施的,具有强制性C.法是由原始社会习惯演变而来的,具有习惯性D.法是以权力和义务为内容的,具有权利与义务的一致性3.下列关于法的作用的表述,正确的是( )。
A.法的作用只能通过宁法的方式来体现B.法的规范作用是法的社会作用的目的C.法的规范作用是法对人们的意志与行为发生的间接影响D.法的作用根本上取决于生产关系或生方式自身的生命力4.我国《刑法》第六条第一款规定“凡在中华人民共和国船舶或者航天器内犯罪的也活用本法”,该条文所体现的法律对人效力的原则是( )。
A.属地主义B.属人主义C.保护主义D.折中主义5.甲因停车收费与保安乙发生冲突,用刀将乙刺死,甲在检察机关准备提起公诉期间因病死亡,检察机关遂做出撤消案件的决定,此案撤消的根据是( )。
A.违法行为B.事件C.免责事由D.事实构成6.下列关于大陆法系与英美法系区别的表述正确的是( )。
A.大陆法系主要运用归纳型思维,英美法系主要运用演绎型思维B.大陆法系的诉讼程序采用当事人主义,英美法系采用职权主义C.大陆法系以普通法与平衡法为基本分类,英法法系则分为公法与私法D.大陆法系的正式法源主要是制定法,英美法系的正式法源是制定法和判例法7.下列有关权利能力的表述,正确的是( )。
A.法律关系的主体不一定拥有权利能力B.享有具体权利的人一定具有权利能力C.有权利能力的人一定实际享有具体权利D.权利能力只体现享有权利的资格而不包括承担义务的资格8.下列关于社会主义法治理念的理解,正确的是( )。
考研经济学基础综合历年真题试卷汇编19_真题-无答案
考研(经济学基础综合)历年真题试卷汇编19(总分150,考试时间180分钟)选择题1. 1.替代效应是由于以下哪个因素导致的对需求的增加?( )(2008年中山大学801经济学)A. 所有价格的变化B. 由于一个替代品的广告引起的口味的改变C. 发现了新的替代品D. 以上都不是2. 2.下列说法中正确的是( )。
(2010年中山大学801经济学)A. 生产要素的边际技术替代率递减是规模报酬递减造成的B. 边际收益递减是规模报酬递减造成的C. 规模报酬递减是边际收益递减规律造成的D. 生产要素的边际技术替代率递减是边际收益递减规律造成的3. 3.某生产企业为市场价格接受者。
其生产函数为,p为产品的价格,叫为生产要素的价格,该企业利润函数为( )。
(2012年中央财经大学803经济学综合)A. p/2ωB. p2/4ωC. p/2ω2D. p2/2ω4. 4.已知生产函数为f(x1,x2)=,要素1和2的单位价格分别为12元和24元,如果该企业以最大化利润为目标,那么该企业应以何种比例使用两种要素?( )(2008年中央财经大学803经济学综合)A. x1=x2B. x1=2x2C. x1=0.5x2D. 无法判断5. 5.如果消费函数是C=100+0.75(Y-T),其中C表示消费,Y表示产出,T表示税收。
在短期均衡中,税收减少1亿元的效果是( )。
(2015年暨南大学803西方经济学)A. 如果均衡利率保持不变,均衡产出增加1亿元B. 如果均衡利率保持不变,均衡产出增加3亿元C. 如果均衡利率上升,均衡产出增加1亿元D. 如果均衡利率上升,均衡产出增加3亿元6. 6.下列哪一项是一条向右上方倾斜的AS曲线所不具有的性质?( )(2008年上海财经大学801经济学)A. 如果工资对失业率的变化不敏感,那么AS曲线将非常平坦B. AS曲线的位置取决于预期的价格水平C. 如果实际通货膨胀率高于预期通货膨胀率,那么AS曲线将向右移动D. 如果产出低于充分就业水平,那么AS曲线将向右移动7. 7.在小型开放经济条件下,国内财政扩张的影响是( )。
西南科技大学《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)》考研专业课真题试卷
海天课堂中国考研专业课辅导知名品牌
西南科技大学考研专业课真题试卷811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)
2011年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)(A卷)》专业课真题试卷
2011年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)(B卷)》专业课真题试卷
2012年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)(A卷)》专业课真题试卷
2012年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)(B卷)》专业课真题试卷
2013年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)(A卷)》专业课真题试卷
2013年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)(B卷)》专业课真题试卷
2014年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)(A卷)》专业课真题试卷
2014年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)(B卷)》专业课真题试卷
2015年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)》专业课真题试卷
2016年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)》专业课真题试卷
2017年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)》专业课真题试卷
2018年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)》专业课真题试卷
2019年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)》专业课真题试卷
2020年《811电子技术基础(含模电、数电)》专业课真题试卷。
2012贸大815经济学考研真题及答案
3.研究发现,购买了驾驶员商业保险的人在购买保险后出事故的可能性高于不购买此类保险
的人,这一现象说明保险市场存在()。
A.逆向选择
B.道德风险
C.不对称信息 D.委托代理问题
4.买方垄断市场上,买者支付的价格( )边际价值。
A.大于 B.小于
C.等于 D.无法确定
5.在纯交换经济中,契约线上的每一个点都表示( )的资源配置。
CSGTs are defined broadly as products. components and technologies that tend to have a relatively less adverse impact on climate change (i.e. greenhouse gas emission) in particular and on the environment in general. CSGTs constitute lowcarbon technologies such as solar photovoltaic systems, wind power generation, clean coal technologies and energy-efficient lighting. Trade and investment in CSGTs and climate-smart services have recently received much attention as a triple win scenario where trade,climate and environment, and development all benefit. In China, for example. 5.3% of its RMB4 trillion (about $585 billion) economic stimulus package has been given to an environment-related budget. More recently, the nuclear disaster in Japan has triggered global awareness of the needs to seriously promote CSGTs. The achievement of low-energy consumption is now regarded us a key not only to solving climate-change problems but also reducing reliance on nuclear power. Outside the Asia-Pacific region,the Government of the United Slates has introduced a $150 billion, 10-year renewable energy initiative and the European Union has taken active measures to support the switch to low-emission vehicles.
桂林电子科技大学 902微机原理及应用(B1)(2014-B) 2014年硕士研究生考研真题
4.8086/8088 CPU中标志寄存器一个是()的寄存器。
A.9位B.1位C.8位D.16位
5.在下列指令中,能对I/O端口进行读写访问的是()。
A.中断指令B.串操作指令
C.输入/输出指令D.传送指令
6.RAM存储器在加电后,各存储单元中的代码为()。
15.8253只采用软件触发启动计数的工作方式为()。
A.方式0和方式1B.方式0和方式4
C.方式0和方式5D.方式0和方式2
二、填空题(10分,每小题2分)
1.假设(SP)=0100H,(SS)=2000H,执行PUSH BP指令后,栈顶的物理地址是。
2.8086CPU用奇地址访问内存1个字时,需要占用周期。
3.计算机中CPU与外设进行数据传递,广泛采用的控制方式有程序查询、和直接存储器访问。
4.8259A接收到CPU发回的中断响应信号后,将送入数据总线。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้5.8086的条件转移指令的转移距离范围是个字节之内。
三、问答题(24分,每小题6分)
1.(6分)8086/8088微处理器内部有哪些寄存器?其主要作用是什么?
C.是中断服务子程序的入口地址
D.中断源请求逻辑电路的地址
9.IBM-PC系统中规定的中断优先级次序,下面哪种是正确的()。
A.内中断>NMI>INTR>单步中断B.NMI >内中断>INTR>单步中断
C.内中断>单步中断>NMI>INTRD.NMI >内中断>单步中断>INTR
10.设DAT为字变量,则执行指令ADD AL,BYTE PTR DAT+1中的源操作数采用的寻址方式为()。
考研(经济学基础综合)历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析)
考研(经济学基础综合)历年真题试卷汇编24(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 选择题 2. 名词解释3. 简答题 4. 计算题 5. 论述题选择题1.若企业所处的产品和要素市场均为完全竞争,工人工资率为5,边际产量为5,则产品价格为( )。
(2016年暨南大学803西方经济学) A.10B.25C.1D.0.1正确答案:C解析:考虑厂商选择合适的劳动雇用量来追求利润最大化,此时厂商的边际收益为MR=P.MPL,厂商的边际成本为工人工资率W,根据利润最大化的条件MR=MC,解得知识模块:完全竞争市场2.个人消费开支包括( )。
(2010年上海财经大学80 1经济学)A.买房子的钱B.在淘宝上开店的钱C.汇钱所需支付给银行的手续费D.以上都不是正确答案:C解析:买房子的钱应该计入住房投资,在淘宝上开店的钱属于固定资产投资,汇钱所需支付给银行的手续费则计入消费,故选C。
知识模块:国民收入核算3.假如起始条件是在长期均衡中,如果货币流动速度(比如由于ATM的运用)增加,政府没有采取相应的任何措施,那么( )。
(2014年上海财经大学801经济学)A.价格会在短期和长期都上升B.产出会在短期和长期都上升C.价格会在短期上升,产出会在长期上升D.产出会在短期上升,价格会在长期上升正确答案:D解析:在短期内,货币流动速度增加就代表货币供给量增加,货币供给量增加导致LM曲线右移、产出增加;在长期内,由于货币中性,名义货币供给量增加并不会使实际产出增加,但是名义货币供给量增加会导致价格上升,此外过度的货币供给也会造成通货膨胀。
知识模块:IS—LM模型及应用4.在一个开放经济的IS—LM模型中,如果实行的是固定汇率制度,资本可以自由流动,那么削减政府支出将会( )。
(2008年上海财经大学80l经济学) A.使IS曲线左移,LM曲线保持不动B.首先使IS曲线左移,然后由于净出口的减少又右移回到原来的位置C.首先使IS曲线左移,然后由于央行被迫紧缩货币供给量,LM曲线左移D.由于资本的流入总是伴随着货币供给量的增加正确答案:C解析:在固定汇率制度、资本自由流动条件下,削减政府支出将会使总需求减少,IS*曲线左移,IS1*→JS2*,汇率有下降的压力。
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(1)当市场商品价格为P=975时,厂商实现最大利润时的产量、平均成本和利润;
(2)该行业长期均衡时的价格和单个厂商的产量。
3、(8分)已知某消费者每年用于商品1和商品2的收入为540元,两商品的价格分别为P1=20元和P2=30元,该消费者的效用函数为U=3X1X22,该消费者每年购买这两种商品的数量应各是多少?每年从中获得的总效用是多少?
桂林电子科技大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试试卷
考试科目代码:810考试科目名称:经济学
请注意:答案必须写在答题纸上(写在试卷上无效)。
(各题标题字号为黑体5号字,题干字号为标准宋体5号字。)
一、名词解释(共6小题,每个5分,共30分)
1、消极外部性
2、边际收益递减规律
3、吉芬商品
4、菲利普斯曲线
5、凯恩斯陷阱
4、(14分)某垄断厂商生产一种产品,其成本函数为TC=Q2+10Q,其产品在两个分割的市场上出售,两个市场的需求函数分别为Q1=32-0.4P1,Q2=18-0.1P2。求:
(1)当该厂商在两个市场上分别定价时,其追求利润最大化前Байду номын сангаас下的两市场各自的销售量、价格,以及厂商的总利润。
(2)当该厂商在两个市场上实行统一的价格时,其追求利润最大化前提下的销售量、价格,以及厂商的总利润。
三、计算题(共4小题,共40分)
1、(6分)假定国内生产总值是5000,个人可支配收入是4100,政府预算赤字是200,消费是3 800,贸易赤字是100(单位都是亿元)。
试计算:(1)私人储蓄;(2)总投资;(3)政府购买。
2、(12分)某成本不变的完全竞争行业中代表性厂商的长期总成本函数LTC=Q3-60Q2+1500Q。试求:
四、论述题(每题20分,共40分)
1、最近几年,我国经济面临较为严重的通货膨胀压力,不同的学者和不同的部门对现阶段通货膨胀的原因解释存在很大的争议,结合相关经济理论,谈谈你对我国现阶段通货膨胀产生原因的看法。
2、用IS-LM模型与AS-AD模型分析政府购买扩大在短期和长期对价格、利率、实际货币余额、投资和国民收入的不同影响。
6、不对称信息
二、简答题(共4小题,每小题10分,共40分)
1、作图说明短期总产量曲线、边际产量曲线、平均产量曲线的变化规律。
2、简要说明劳动供给曲线向后弯曲的原因。
3、简要说明小型开放经济体固定汇率体制、浮动汇率体制下货币政策的不同后果。
4、简要评述年度平衡预算思想与功能财政思想的区别与不同的政策后果。