WATER SAFETY PLANING FOR PERI-URBAN SCHEMES Hellen :水安全计划的planing为城郊倾斜

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WATER SAFETY PLANING FOR PERI-URBAN SCHEMES IN KENYA
Hellen Apondi Sewe (MOWI)& Tobias Omufwoko (MOPHS) Samuel Gitahi (UNICEF)
INTRODUCTION
• Traditionally water quality has been managed by protection of sources and/or treatment of water supplies.
Developing a procedure for checking the
Water Safety Plan is functioning effectively.
Water Safety Plan Development; Training/capacity building, Conduct system assessments, Develop Water Safety Plan matrix, Identify infrastructure/supply gaps
Identification of measures to control those risks;
Assigning responsibilities for undertaking control measures
Identifying capacity building requirements for responsible persons/bodies
schemes
STAGES CONT…
Water Safety Plan Development: Conduct system assessments (risk) Develop Water Safety Plan matrix Identify infrastructure/supply gaps Water Safety Plan Implementation: Address infrastructure/supply gaps Verify effectiveness of Water Safety Plan through
System description; 37 schemes were completed
SUCCESSES CONT’
Identification of risks to water safety e.g. through use of sanitary surveillance techniques;
monitoring and surveillance (potentially involving communities) Review and update Water Safety Plan Frequent Training/capacity building
STAKEHOLDERS
major rehabilitation.
LESSONS LEARNT Importance of the process;
In overall, the general awareness-raising regarding the
importance of water safety/water quality was very beneficial at the schemes. In most places, people understood the concept.
Engaging Stakeholders; Involving all partners such as
DPHO, PHO, WRMA and CBOs/NGOs in the process has lead to better working relationship towards the same goal.
their jurisdiction • Obtain Water Service Provider commitment for their
particular schemes • Undertake institutional and organisational review for each
• In extreme cases water quality problems may be identified through manifestation of diseases such as diarrhoea, dysentery, cholera or typhoid in the local population.
• There were no laboratories and laboratory equipment in the water supplies.
• Scheme maps were not updated or were
CHALLENGES CONT….
• Electricity costs are high • Water loss due to leakages are rampant • Revenue cannot support services • Maintenance is poor • Most of the schemes are old and need
engagement and regulation of service provider) • Water Services Regulatory Board (overall water service
regulator) • WRMA
SUCCESSES
Discussions with Stakeholders MOWI, MOPHS, Boards, WSP, WRMA Communities
AIM OF WATER SAFETY PLANNING
To assist those responsible for drinking water safety to better understand the risks to their water sources and water supplies, and implement simple checks and management measures to ensure water safety.
Developing a procedure for checking the Water Safety Plan
is functioning effectively.
STAGES OF THE WATER SAFETY PLANNING EXERCISE
Preparatory: • Obtain National Level commitment • Obtain Water Service Board commitment for schemes in
Strengthening the capacity of the Water Service Providers formed unde来自百度文库 the 2019 Water Act was very urgently required and hence a very useful intervention.
• As a check on the cleanliness of the supplied water, water samples from the supply are tested from time to time.
• Where this monitoring indicates that water quality is compromised, remedial measures are taken to rectify the situation.
In a Kenyan context the likely Water Safety stakeholders
are as follows: • Ministry of Water and Irrigation (water policy) • Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation (public health
and sanitation) • Ministry of Medical Services (health service provision) • Water consumers possibly represented by Water Users
Associations/CBOs • Water Service Providers (water service provider) • Water Service Boards (water supply infrastructure,
CHALLENGES
• Few staff and lack of water quality knowledge in water supply
• Generally water testing was rarely done at the supply and the companies
• Most water supplies were poorly maintained.
• Treating contaminated water sources/supplies with mitigation measures such as widespread chlorination is a ‘reactive’ or ‘curative’ measure rather than a ‘proactive’ or ‘preventative’ and does not get to the root of the problem. Hence contamination can be expected to re-occur in future.
PROBLEMS WITH THE TRADITIONAL APPROACH
• Relying on water quality monitoring and/or outbreaks of disease means that once problems are identified it is already too late and the quality of the supply is already compromised.
ACTIVITIES INVOLVED
Description of the water supply system; Identification of risks to water safety e.g. through use of
sanitary surveillance techniques and monitoring water quality Identification of measures to control those risks; Assigning responsibilities for undertaking control measures Identifying capacity building requirements for responsible persons/bodies
scheme (identify stakeholders) • Form Water Safety Team for each scheme • Identify human resource capacity gaps and where these
can be overcome by capacity building • Define tools for system assessments of piped water
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