高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 1 Section Ⅰ课后作业

Unit 1Section Ⅰ
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The longer this situation __obtains__(存在), the more extensive the problems become.
2．Our main __objective__(目标) was the recovery of the child safe and well.
3．It is of __vital__(至关重要的) importance that we get there by six o’clock.
4．The next few weeks are going to be __crucial__(关键性的)．
5．Our research attempts to __evaluate__(评价) the effectiveness of the different drugs.
6．I have __distinct__(清晰的) memories of him in his last years.
7．The dentist may decide that the wisdom teeth need to be __extracted__(用力拔出)．
8．__Boil__(煮沸) plenty of salted water, and then add the spaghetti.
9．A stream __flowed__(流动) gently down into the valley.
10．She refuses to __acknowledge__(承认) the need for reform.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The job involves gathering and __analysing__(analyse) data.
2．He paused, __apparently__(apparent) lost in thought.
3．This cloth is designed to stand up to a lot of wear __and__ tear.
4．He has committed himself __to support__(support) them.
5．She knew that her love was impossible but she knew also that it was __beyond__ control.
6．A six-lane superhighway is __under__ construction.
Ⅲ.选词填空
die from，insist on，find out，draw a conclusion，graduate from，get stuck，lead to
1．“The error, if not checked, could __lead to__ an overall disaster，” he said.
2．If you ever __get stuck__，ask around for help until you are able to complete a given task.
3．Up to half of all smokers will __die from__ a tobacco-related disease.
4．They need to interview some people and __find out__ if they like their jobs.
5．__Having graduated from__ USA, Qian Xuesen managed to come back home to serve our motherland.
6．Ma Yun __insisted on__ retiring and trying to have a change of his life last year.
7．You had better keep on trying if you find it difficult to __draw a conclusion__.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020·辽宁大连期末)
Spanish artist Pablo Picasso (1881—1973 ) was one of the greatest artists of the 20th century. It was said that everything his brush touched turned to gold.But in truth, his works could be worth more than any precious metal.Picasso created more than 20,000 works in his life, including two of the world’s 10 most expensive paintings.
Between 1907 and 1913，Picasso and his colleague Georges Braque started a revolution(革命) in painting.Before that, paintings were like windows—they were painted to look as if they had depth.You could tell which objects were “close” to you and which objects were “far away”.But Picasso and Braque didn’t want to paint like that any more.To them, a painting wasn’t a window to the world; it was marks and lines on a flat surface.Why, they thought, should an object like a guitar be shown only from one angle (角度) ? A guitar can look very different depending on which angle one looks at it from.Their answer was to show all the angles.They broke the guitar up into pieces.Their style of painting is called cubism (立体主义)．
But why did they feel such a need to change things? Well, the world around them was changing, too.Science was turning people’s ideas upside down. Albert Einstein’s theory proved that what we knew about time and space was wrong.The world was becoming different; artists needed to start seeing and painting it differently.
The famous and terrifying painting Guernica(1937) shows a terrible scene during the Spanish Civil War.In the painting, you can actually see the sky falling. Picasso couldn’t have painted it without the skills he learned during his cubist period.Breaking a guitar up into pieces was his preparation for showing the world being blown to pieces.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了毕加索的艺术成就及绘画风格。

1．What is mainly discussed about Picasso in this article？__D__
A．The high price of his paintings.
B．His difficulties in career.
C．The popularity of his paintings.
D．His achievements in art.
解析：主旨大意题。

结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了毕加索的艺术成就及绘画风格。

故选D。

2．In what way did Picasso and Braque paint？__C__
A．They painted objects with different depth.
B．They made their paintings look like windows.
C．They painted an object from different angles.
D．They broke objects up into pieces and painted them.
解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Why, they thought, should an object like a guitar be shown only from one angle (角度) ? A guitar can look very different depending on which angle
one looks at it from.Their answer was to show all the angles.”可知，毕加索和布拉克从不同的角度画一个物体。

故选C。

3．What caused Picasso and Braque to start cubism？__B__
A．Einstein’s theory. B．The changing world.
C．A broken guitar. D．Spanish Civil War.
解析：细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“Well, the world around them was changing, too.”及“The world was becoming different; artists needed to start seeing and painting it differently.”可知，不断变化的世界促使毕加索和布拉克开始立体派画风。

故选B。

4．Why did the author mention the painting Guernica？__D__
A．To show the theme of Picasso’s paintings.
B．To express Picasso’s anger at the war.
C．To describe the preparations Picasso made before.
D．To present the artistic effect of cubism.
解析：推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“In the painting, you can actually see the sky falling. Picasso couldn’t have painted it without the skills he learned during his cubist period.”可推断出，作者提到《格尔尼卡》这幅画是为了表现立体派的艺术效果。

故选D。

Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

There is one thing that everyone wants more than anything else.__1.E__ They think that when they have enough money to buy such things as houses, farms, and cars, they will have the thing that everyone wants.
Other people believe that if they know enough they will find this thing.__2.C__ Still others think that if they have power, they will find this thing.Some people keep telling themselves: “When I’m a boss, I will no longer have to search for this thing.”
What is it that everyone wants more than anything else? What is it that all of us keep working and striving for each day? __3.A__ Happiness is a strange thing.__4.B__ What will make one man happy may not make another man happy.Some men say that happiness comes from helping others; other men say that happiness comes from making life more pleasant for everyone.What do you mean when you say “That makes me happy”？
__5.G__ Perhaps you will learn something that will bring you peace of mind, comfort, money or it may be what you search for—happiness.
A．It is happiness.
B．It does not mean the same to all men.
C．They study all their life in search of it.
D．Happiness means the same to everyone.
E．Some people try to get it by making money.
F．When one man feels happy, another man will feel sad.
G．Read what different people have said about happiness.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

讲了人们想追求的东西——幸福。

解析：
1．前两段是并列关系，第二段以Other people believe that...开头，呼应此处。

故选E项。

2．前一句话“Other people believe that if they know enough they will find this thing.”告诉我们，另外一些人认为如果他们知识渊博，他们就会找到自己想要的东西，本空是他们这种看法产生的结果。

故They study all their life in search of it.切题。

故选C项。

3．本段总结上文，引起下文，揭开人们所追求的东西：幸福。

故选A项。

4．由下文“What will make one man happy may not make another man happy.”可知It does not mean the same to all men.“这并不意味着对所有的人都相同。

”切题。

故选B项。

5．本段呼应前文，总结全篇，告诉我们如何找到幸福。

故选G项。

Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Alice always wanted to be a singer.Music was the most __1.important__(importance) thing in her life but, to tell you the __2.truth__(true), she took lessons for years and practised every day，__3.but__ in spite of all this, her voice didn’t improve.Honestly, it didn’t get better, it just got __4.louder__(loud)．
Her teacher finally __5.gave__(give) up and stopped the lessons, but Alice refused to quit (停止), and one day she decided to give a concert and invited her former teacher to attend.
The teacher was very worried about __6.what__ to say after the performance.She knew it __7.would__ be terrible and it was.She didn’t want to tell a lie, but she didn’t want to hurt Alice’s feelings __8.either__.Finally, she got an idea and went backstage to greet her former pupil.
“Well，” said Alice, “what did you think of __9.my__(I) performance？”
“My dear，” said the teacher, “you’ll __10.never__ be better than you were tonight.”
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了Alice想成为一名歌手，但老师认为她没有天赋。

她没有放弃，后来开演唱会并邀请以前的老师，老师也不想伤害Alice的感情，音乐会后既称赞了她，又没有撒谎。

解析：
1．考查形容词。

这里是形容词的最高级。

故填important。

2．考查固定用法。

to tell you the truth是固定用法，意思是“说实话”。

故填truth。

3．考查并列连词。

此处表示转折关系。

故用but。

4．考查比较级。

这里表示“老实说，她唱歌没有变得更好，只是声音更高了”。

所以
填louder。

5．考查动词时态。

这里表示“她的老师最终放弃了”。

根据句意可知此空和后面的stopped是并列关系，所以用一般过去时态。

故填gave。

6．考查连接词。

老师非常担心表演后说什么。

what作介词about的宾语，并作say的逻辑宾语。

故填what。

7．考查动词时态。

这里含有一个省略了that的宾语从句，主句用的是一般过去时，从句要使用相应的过去时态，根据句意可知用过去将来时态。

故填would。

8．考查副词。

句意：她也不想伤害Alice的感情。

在否定句中用either表示“也”。

故填either。

9．考查形容词性物主代词。

句意：您认为我的演出怎么样？故填my。

10．考查副词。

句意：你今晚的表现是最好的。

这也表明了以后Alice也不会变得更好。

否定词never和比较级连用，表示最高级的含义。

故填never。