英语商务报告写作ppt课件

Critical thinking
• What is critical thinking? • Do not just passively accept what you read but
actively question and aReinhart and Rogoff- An Example Of Critical Thinking
Should You Use Wikipedia When Writing A Report?
An anonymous Wikipedia contributor who edited thousands of entries and claimed to be a professor of religion turned out to be a 24-yearold college dropout.
Use a dictionary to check.
Common Grammatical Mistakes
3rd Person Singular add’s’ If you are using a verb to describe a person, theory or an organisation you usually add an ’s’ eg. Theory X acknowledges …………… Theory X and Y acknowledge ……… The author indicates that…………….. The authors indicate that ……………………..
• Be clear and concise - Don’t use metaphors, idioms or sayings -They can be interpreted in different ways!
eg. It is said that “There is no ‘I’ in team”….. DO NOT USE
• Be objective - Don’t use “I” or “you”
• Considering the information, I think that …… -> The information suggests that…….
• You should try……. -> It would be beneficial to try………..
• The only way to know is to research deeper, look at the way they got their results and the results other people have produced. Do they all say the same thing? If not, why?
Linking Phrases Practice(pg 73)
• Linking phrases are very important to create a flow in your writing. However they can be over used. Remember you are using them to link ideas together, so make sure you choose the right one to define the relationship.
• This was used to inform several policy decisions by the U.S. Government.
• A Graduate student along with his professors analysed the paper and found mistakes within both the original figures of GDP in certain countries and in the excel formulas used to analyse the data and produce their results.
Critical thinking - Check list
What are the key ideas? Does the author have a bias? Does the evidence seem reliable? Is the argument similar to anything else I have read? Do I agree with the writers view?
4a. The company went bankrupt on account of poor management/ being poorly managed.
4b. The company was poorly managed. Consequently, it went bankrupt.
Common Grammatical
• Introduction • Main Body (Organised in Paragraphs) • Conclusion • Recommendations
Read the report on Page 72 and note down the good and bad points
Good Points • Clearly Organised • Addresses the points requested Bad • Doesn’t make clear recommendations • Too informal • No linking phrases
Citing and Referencing - Why do we do it?
• You have limited business experience, if any.
• If you do not show me, I will assume that your opinions are NOT based on real world experiences or evidence.
2c. It’s complex. Furthermore, it’s expensive.
Linking Phrases- Answers
3a. After gathering all the evidence, they will produce a report.
3b. (First) they will gather all the evidence. Subsequently they will produce a report.
• If research results provided by Harvard professors are erroneous, we need to consider the truth behind all sources we read.
• These mistakes were caused by human error but other mistakes could be caused by the authors own agenda/ biases. They may let their own feelings get in the way of the truth or they may be being paid by a company to report results that make that company look good.
• Being Concise - Don’t add in extra words to show you have an extensive vocabulary if they are not needed!
Style and Tone
• It should be persuasive but with the right level of formality.
‘I have made this letter longer than usual only because I have not had time to make it shorter’ Blaise Pascal (French Mathematician)
What is makes a good business report?
Mistakes
Articles: The, A, An
make sure you know which one to use and use it! Most nouns need an article, but not all do!
Remember it is ‘The U.K’ and ‘The People’s Republic Of China’ but ‘Britain’ and ‘China’.
• It was shown that their results were a great exaggeration and many people had to re-evaluate the future of their business and the country.
What Can We Learn From This?
• In 2013 Reinhart and Rogoff, two Harvard Professors were exposed for errors within their 2010 paper “Growth In A Time Of Debt”
• Their paper indicated that a slowing of growth by 1% for the next 23 years would cause the U.S. economy to shrink by 25%
b. He’s rich. Nevertheless, he’s unhappy.
2a. In addition to being complex, it’s (also) expensive. OR In addition to the fact that it’s complex….
2b. As well as being complex, it’s (also) expensive.
• By referencing people who have research/ real life experience, you are showing me that you have knowledge of what has worked or not worked in the real world and then used these to inform your own opinion.
Citing and Referencing - Why do we do it?
• To distinguish your own views from other peoples.
• To indicate the reliability of your statements. • To show the depth of your research.
• Rewrite sentence 1-4 giving them the same meaning.
Linking Phrases- Answers
1a. In spite of/Despite being rich, he’s unhappy. OR In spite of/Despite his wealth, He’s unhappy.
eg. Every coin has two sides…../There are two sides to every coin…. DO NOT USE
But there are limits on being concise! eg. In a word…………… DO NOT USE
Structure