2020届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit5The power of nature单元学案(33页word版含有答案解析)

2020届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit5The power of nature单元学案
Period One Warming-Up，Pre-reading and Reading
1erupt v.(火山)爆发；突然发生
It shows a volcano erupting.它显示的是火山喷发的情形。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
An active volcano may erupt at any time.活火山会随时喷发。

Violence erupted on the str eet after the football match.
足球赛后大街上突然发生了暴乱。

归纳拓展
erupt into laughter/anger/tears，etc.突然大笑/大怒/大哭起来等
eruption n.
erupt，explode，burst
erupt“喷出；爆发”，强调突然发生，也可用作比喻意义。

explode“爆炸；爆发”，指混合物点燃后空气突然膨胀而释放出大量的热能，同时发出巨响。

用作比喻时表示一种感情的突然释放或表示对事物的破坏，消灭。

burst“爆炸；爆发”，强调在强大的压力作用下突然释放出能量。

也可用作比喻意义，指人感情的宣泄。

完成句子
(1)当萨莉把这件事用动作表演出来的时候，房间里突然爆发出一片笑声。

The room erupted_into_laughter as Sally acted out the incident.
(2)这种游戏就是让孩子们把气球坐爆。

It’s a game in which children try to bu rst balloons by sitting on them.
2equipment n.设备，装备
Sometimes working outdoors，sometimes in an office，sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，I am never bored.有时在户外工作，有时在办公室，有时工作中要用科学设备，有时要会见当地百姓和游客，但我从未感到厌烦。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
The equipment o f the photographic studio was expensive.
摄影室的装备很昂贵。

We are in great need of medical equipment.
我们非常需要医疗设备。

归纳拓展
equip v．装备，配备
a piece of equipment一件设备
camping/lif ting /safety equipment露营装备/起重设备/安全装置
equip sb./sth.with sth.给某人/某物配备或装备某物
equip sb./sth.for...为某人/某物装备……
well/fully equipped设施齐全的；装备好的
badly/poorly equipped装备差的
完成句子
(1)没有足够的钱为他们配备最新的电脑系统。

There is not enough money to equip them with the latest computer systems.
(2)计算机是你将要买的最重要的一件设备。

A computer is the most important piece_of_equipment you will buy.
3appoint v.任命；委派；约定(时间，地点等)
I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian V olcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.二十年前我被任命为一名火山学家，在夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
The company appointed him chief financial officer.
该公司任命他为财务总监。

Lisa Lore was appointed as our headmaster.
莉萨•洛尔被任命为我们的校长。

We must appoint a day to meet again.
我们要约定好下次会面的日期。

归纳拓展
appoint sb.任命某人
appoint sb.as/to be任命某人担任……
appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事
appointment n．任命；约会
keep/break one’s appointment守约/失约
make/fix an appointment with与……约会
佳句背诵
(1)我们需要任命一名新的校秘书。

We need to appoint a new school secretary.
(2)他在约定的时间到达埃拉的办公室。

He arrived at Ella’s office at the appointed time.
(3)我想跟医生预约一下时间。

I’d like to make an appointment with the doctor.
4evaluate v.评估；评价；估计
Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流出，流速是多少。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
The school has been open for only six months，so it’s hard to evaluate its success.
该学校开办了仅6个月，所以难以评估它的成就。

You should evaluate your chances of success before making a decision.作出决定前，你应该估计成功的机会。

归纳拓展
evaluation n．评价；评估
evaluate water quality评价水质
evaluate one’s ability估计某人的能力
evaluation method/factor评价方法/因素
evaluate，estimate，value
evaluate很少用来表示“估算，估计”某物的市场价值，而是用来表示“评价”。

estimate表示“估算”，只是猜测，甚至只是一种想法。

The police estimated the crowd at 30,000.
警方估计聚集的人有3万。

value表示“估计”某物的价值，价格．
The property was valued at over 5 million dollars.
这处房地产估价为500多万美元。

翻译句子
(1)我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评价。

We_need_to_evaluate_how_well_the_policy_is_working.
(2)现在评价实验的结果还为时过早。

It’s_too_early_to_evaluate_the_result_of_the_experiment.
5absolutely adv.纯粹地；完全地
It was an absolutely fantastic sight.真是绝妙的奇景。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
He’s an absolutely brilliant pianist.
他是一位绝对出色的钢琴家。

You can trust her absolutely.
你可以完全信任她。

归纳拓展
absolute adj.绝对的；完全的；没有比较级，不被表示程度的副词，如very修饰，但可用nearly等修饰。

absolute zero绝对零度
absolute majority绝对多数，超过半数
absolute trust完全信任
absolute proof确切证据
完成句子
(1)——你同意我的意见吗？—Do you agree with me?
——完全同意。

—Absolutely.
(2)美不能用任何绝对的标准来衡量。

Beauty can’t be measured by any absolute_standard.
6suit n.一套外衣；套装；v.适合；使适宜
We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
Mitchell wore a suit and tie to the Christmas party.
米切尔穿着套装，打着领带去参加圣诞聚会。

Does this skirt suit me?
这条裙子我穿着好看吗？
He tried to suit his performance to the audience.
他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。

归纳拓展
suitable adj.适宜的，适合的，恰当的
be suitable for/to sth./sb.适于某物/某人
be suitable to do sth.适合做……
fit，suit，match
fit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身，合适。

suit指衣服等颜色、款式、花样等适合。

match意为“使相称，使相配，使匹配”，指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。

完成句子
(1)该表演不太适合少儿观看。

The show is not suitable_for young children.
(2)人民大会堂和历史博物馆衬托得天安门极其宏伟。

The People’s Great Hall and the Historical Museum match the Tian’anmen beautifully.
7potential adj.可能的；潜在的；n.潜力，潜能
.. .，I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.……，我仍然惊羡于它们的美丽以及它们潜在的破坏性。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
The disease is a potential killer.
该疾病是潜在的杀手。

Our common goal is to maximize our potential for economic growth.
我们共同的目标就是最大程度地发挥经济增长的潜力。

归纳拓展
potentially adv.
realize/reach one’s (full) potenti al(充分)发挥/体现潜能
potential energy势能
完成句子
(1)作为作曲家，她还没有把她的潜能发挥出来。

As a composer，she still hasn’t_realized her potential.
(2)这起冲突是一个潜在的严重问题。

The conflict is a potentially_serious situation.
8impressive adj.给人以深刻印象的；令人钦佩的
What does the writer find impressive about volcanoes even after studying them for many years？在研究火山许多年以后，关于火山作者觉得给人印象深刻的是什么？(回归课本)
用法点拨
His collection of paintings is mo st impressive.
他的绘画收藏令人叹为观止。

Their achievement is pretty impressive.
他们的成就非常令人钦佩。

归纳拓展
impress v．给人印象
impression n．印象
impress sb.with sth.以……给人深刻印象
impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事物
be impressed by/at/with...对……印象深刻
What impressed sb.most was...给某人印象最深的是……
翻译句子
(1)父亲要我铭记努力工作的意义。

Father_impressed_on_me_the_value_of_hard_work.
(2)这本书给我们印象最深的是它生动的语言。

What_impressed_us_most_about_the_book_was_its_vivid_language.
9out of the way不挡道；不碍事
Unfortunately，we can not move their homes out_of_the_way，...遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流经之路，……(回归课本)
用法点拨
Would you move your car out of my way?
你能把你的车开到一边吗？
The citizens moved out of the way to let the soldiers pass.
市民们让出一条路让战士们过去。

归纳拓展
by the way顺便说；附带说
by way of经由；以求某事
no way没门；别想
on one’s way to...在去……的路上/途中
in the way挡路；妨碍
in a/one way在一定程度上
完成句子
(1)不要费心开车来接我了，确实不顺路。

Don’t bother picking me up.It’s really out__of_your_way.
(2)他们取道一座有城墙的古城走过山区。

They travelled through the mountains by_way_of an ancient walled city.
10burn to the ground全部焚毁
...，and many houses have been covered with lava or burned_to_the_ground.……，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者被焚烧殆尽。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
Their houses were burnt to the ground during the war.
他们的房子在战争中被烧毁了。

The tower，which was completed only a month ago，was burnt to the ground last night.
一个月前完工的那座塔昨天晚上被烧毁了。

归纳拓展
burn away(被)烧掉；(被)烧去
burn down烧毁；(火势)减弱
burn off烧除；烧掉；消耗(能量或脂肪)
burn out(火)熄灭；烧掉
get burnt烧伤
burning adj.燃烧的；着火的
完成句子
(1)托尔托纳城被焚为平地。

The city of Tortona was_burnt_to_the_ground.
(2)根据早期的报告，许多人被烧死在床上。

According to early reports，many people were_burnt_to_death in their beds.
11quite a few大量的；许多的
Having experienced quite_a_few earthquakes in Hawaii already，I didn’t take much notice.因为我在夏威夷已经经历过多次地震，(所以)我就没太在意。

(回归课本) 用法点拨
Quite a few books have been sent to the mountainous areas.
大量的书籍已经被运往山区。

The letter arrived quite a few days ago.
这封信是好几天前到的。

归纳拓展
a good few相当多的；好多
as few as少至，仅有
a few more另外的几个
every few...每隔几……
no fewer than...不少于，至少
翻译句子
(1)每隔几天清理一下笼子。

Clean_the_cage_every_few_days.
(2)我拒绝了相当多的好工作机会。

I’ve_turned_down_a_good_few/quite_a_few_offers.
12make one’s way前往，到……地方去；(在事业上等)取得进步
...，but we slowly made_our_way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling cen tre.……，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。

(回归课本)
用法点拨
We managed to make our way through the excited crowd.
我们奋力从热闹的人群中挤了出来。

I am glad that he makes his way in his career.
我很高兴他在事业上有所进步。

归纳拓展
make one’s way后常与介词to/through/towards等一起连用。

make way让路，让出地方
lose one’s way迷路
feel one’s way摸索着前行
push one’s way挤过
wind one’s way蜿蜒前进
佳句背诵
(1)我们顺着山坡往下朝城里行进。

We made our way down the hill towards the town.
(2)这位科学家在他的研究领域开始有所建树。

The scientist began to make his way in his field.
1 I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。

用法点拨
be about to do...when...……正要发生，突然……
I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
我正准备离开，突然电话响了。

I was about to go out when he phoned me this morning.
今天早上我正准备外出，就在这时他打电话给我。

归纳拓展
be abo ut to do sth.“正要/即将做某事”，不与具体表示时间的状语连用，它可与when构成固定句式。

when在此为连词，意为“这时”。

be about to do sth.，be to do sth.，be going to do sth.
be about to do sth.表示眼前要做的事，即刻要做的事。

be to do sth.表示按照安排或命令将要发生或即将做某事，一般来说，这些要发生的动作均受人们的意志控制或支配。

be going to do sth.表示将来，即表示现在的意图将来去实现或表示预见。

完成句子
(1)我明天去买东西。

I’m going to go shopping tomorrow.
(2)我们即刻动身。

We are_about to leave.
2 ...,but this being my first experience,I stayed at the top and watched them.……，但我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察它们。

用法点拨
此处this being...是独立主格结构。

(1)独立主格结构在句法上独立于句子主体之外，跟主句没有任何句法联系，但在意义上却与主句紧密联系在一起，共同构成一个完整的语义环境；独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，只有逻辑上的主语；独立主格结构可置于句首、句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。

(2)独立主格结构可分为两部分：一部分是名词或代词(主格)，起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代词下的状态、状况或动作。

The plan having been made，what is to be done now is how to carry it out.
计划已经制订了。

现在要做的就是如何去执行。

The meeting was over，we all went home.
会议结束了，我们都回了家。

佳句背诵
(1)他建议去野餐，由玛丽提供食物。

He suggested going for a picnic，Mary to provide the food.
(2)没有公共汽车了，我们不得不走回家。

There being no buses，we had to wa lk home.
一份具有刺激性的工作
我的工作是世界上最伟大的工作。

我跑的地方是稀罕奇特的地方，和我一道工作的人来自世界各地。

(我们)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室里，有时工作中要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和旅游人士。

但是我从来不感到工作烦人。

虽然我的工作偶尔也有危险，但是我并不在乎，因为危险能激励我，使我感到有活力。

然而，最重要的是，通过我的工作能保护普通百姓免遭火山的威胁——这是世界上最大的自然威力之一。

作为一名火山学家，我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。

我的任务是收集有关基拉韦厄火山的数据资料，这是夏威夷最活跃的火山之一。

收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流去，流速是多少。

我们的工作拯救了许多人的生命，因为熔岩要流经之地，老百姓都可以得到离开家园的通知。

遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。

当滚烫的岩石从火山喷发出来并撞回地面时，它所造成的损失比想象的要小些，这是因为在岩石下落的基拉韦厄火山顶附近无人居住。

而顺着山坡下流的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，这是因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被掩埋在熔岩下面了。

然而火山喷发本身的确是很壮观的，我永远也忘不了我第一次看见火山喷发时的情景。

那是在我抵达夏威夷后的第二个星期。

那天我辛辛苦苦地干了一整天，很早就上床睡觉了。

我在熟睡中突然感到床铺在摇晃，接着我听到一阵奇怪的声音，就好像一列火车在我的窗外行驶一样。

因为我在夏威夷曾经经历过多次地震，所以对这种声音我并不在意。

我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。

我赶紧跑出房间，来到后花园，在那儿我能远远地看见基拉韦厄火山。

在山的一边有火山喷发，红色发烫的岩浆像喷泉一样，朝天上喷射达几百米高。

真是绝妙的奇景！
就在这次火山喷发的第二天，我有幸作了一次近距离的观察。

我和另外两位科学家驱车上山，到最靠近这次火山喷口的地方才下车。

早先从观测站出发时就带了一些特别的安全服，于是我们穿上安全服再走近火山口。

我们三个人看上去像宇航员一样，我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。

穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。

另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。

如今，我和当初从事这项工作时一样满怀热情。

虽然我从事火山研究很多年了，但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它那潜在的巨大破坏力至今仍然感到惊愕不已。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Many potential(可能的)customers are waiting for a fall in price before buying. 2．These volcanoes(火山)haven’t erupted for centuries.
3．Please fill in the questionnaire(问卷，调查表)．
4．It’s impossible to evaluate(估计)the results without knowing more about the research.
5．She’s been appointed(任命，委派)to work in the new library.
6．I do actually(实际上，事实上)think that things have improved.
7．Judging from what you did，you are an absolute(完全的)fool.
8．This year people in the south have experienced more hurricanes(飓风)than ever. Ⅱ.短语填空
1．Compared_with most women，she was indeed very fortunate.
2．You are taking_a_risk in trusting him.
3．Many buildings were burnt_to_the_ground in the big fire.
4．With these words，the speaker made_his_way towards the exit of the hall. 5．He made quite_a_few American friends when he was in New York.
6．Tom was_appointed_as their headmaster.
7．His new novel is not suitable_for young children.
8．The students moved out_of_the_way to let the old teacher pass.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?
Have you made up your mind where to go for your summer vacation?
2．It’s getting dark.We should go back to the hotel soon.
It’s getting d ark.We should make_our way to the hotel soon.
3．Many villages were completely destroyed by the fire during the war.
Many villages were burnt to the ground during the war.
4．He always wears sunglasses because sunshine is bad for his eyes.
He always wears sunglasses to protect his eyes from sunshine.
5．Because it is Sunday today，I stay at home.
It being Sunday today，I stay at home.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．We saw mountains in_the_distance(远处)．
2．However_weak(无论多么弱)we are，we are not completely powerless.
3．I was fast_asleep(熟睡)when suddenly my bed began shaking.
4．That day I was lucky enough to have a_much_closer_look_at(更加近距离地看)the volcano.
5．I was_about_to_go_out(正要出门)when it began to rain.
6．It was an absolutely_fantastic_sight(绝妙的景象)．
Ⅴ.单项填空
1．The explorers were told to ________ themselves with everything they would need for the voyage.
A．associate B．equip C．treat D．feed
答案 B
解析equip sb.with...“用……武装某人；给某人配备……”。

2．________by the________news that he had developed cancer，he didn’t know what to do.
A．Shocked；alarming B．Shocking；alarmed
C．Shocked；alarmed D．Shocking；alarming
答案 A
解析be shocked by...“被……所震惊”；alarming“吓人的，令人忧心的”；an alarming increase in the number of burglaries“窃案惊人的增多”；而alarmed常作表语，表示“担心，害怕”，根据题意，应选A。

3．No dish________all tastes.
A．matches B．suits C．fits D．adapt to
答案 B
解析句意为：众口难调。

A项match指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称；B项suit指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”；C项fit指“大小合适”；D项adapt to指“适应……”，故B项正确。

4．—What happened to the houses that used to be here?
—They________two years ago.
A．had been caught fire
B．were on fire
C．were burned to the ground
D．had been burnt up
答案 C
解析burn sth.to the ground“把……烧成平地”。

由句中two years ago可以判断应用一般过去时，但be on fire“着火”，表状态，故选C。

5．—Who is to take the place of professor Smith?
—Our manager has decided to________a new professor named Johnson.
A．make B．appoint
C．use D．appear
答案 B
解析由上下文可知应是“我们经理已经决定任命一个名叫Johnson的新教授”。

B项符合题意。

appoint sb.to be sth./as sth.“任命某人做某工作或任某职位”。

6．—Where are you going?
—I will________my way home now.
A．go B．make
C．be D．look
答案 B
解析make one’s way to/towards“前往……”。

7．________of this new treatment can’t take place until all the data has been collected. A．Evaluate B．To evaluate
C．To evaluating D．Evaluation
答案 D
解析句意为：直到所有的数据都收集齐了，才能评价这一新的治疗方法。

所填词语在句中作主语，只有D项形式正确。

8．This should_ _______be seen as a defeat！In my opinion，it’s a success.
A．in a way B．in one way
C．in no way D．on the way
答案 C
解析从下文“it’s a success”来看，应是“这不应被看作失败”。

应选择具有否定意义的选项。

C项in no way“决不，一点也不”，符合题意。

A项in a way，B项in one way都是“在一定程度上”之意；D项on the way“在路上；即将到来”。

9．The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for Expo 2010 is strongly impressed________my memory.
A．to B．over C．by D．on
答案 D
解析impress sth.on/upon sb.“使某人铭记某事物”。

10．The________on his face told me that he was angry.
A．impression B．sight
C．appearance D．expression
答案 D
解析A项impression“印象，感想”；C项appearance“外貌；出现”；D项expression“表情”。

Ⅵ.完形填空
When I was a little boy，my mother used to embroider(刺绣)．I would sit at her knee and__1__from the floor and ask what she was doing.She told me that she was embroidering.
I told her that it looked like a mess from__2__I was.As from the underside I__3__her work within the round hoop(箍)that she held in her hand，I__4__that it sure looked messy from where I sat.
She would__5__at me，look down and gently say，“My son，you go about your__6__for a while，and when I__7__my embroidering，I will put you on my__8__and let you see it from my side.”
I would wonder why she was__9__some dark threads along with the bright ones and why they seemed so messy from my viewing position.A few minutes__10__and I heard Mother’s__11__，“Son，come and sit on my knee.”
This time I was very surprised and__12__to see a beautiful flower and a sunrise.I could hardly__13__it，because from underneath it looked so__14__.
Then Mother would say to me，“My son，from underneath it did look messy，__15__you did not realize that there wa s a plan on the__16__.It was the__17__I was following.Now look at it from my side and you will see what I was doing.”
__18__when I remembered what Mother said，I understood how__19__it was for one to have a life plan.__20__your life plan strictly，and you will have a bright future. 1．A.look for B．look up
C．look out D．look into
答案 B
解析小时候我常常坐在妈妈的膝盖旁，抬头看，并问她在做什么。

from the floor 表明作者坐在地板上。

2．A.where B．what C．which D．when
答案 A
解析我告诉她，从我所在的地方看，她绣的东西显得乱七八糟。

3．A.discovered B．caught C．found D．watched
答案 D
解析我从下面看，她是在拿着的圆箍里刺绣。

4．A.cried B．mourned
C．complained D．concluded
答案 C
解析我对她抱怨说，从我坐的地方看它的确显得乱七八糟。

5．A.smile B．laugh C．glare D．aim
答案 A
解析她总是对我微笑，低下头，对我温和地说：“孩子，你去玩一会儿。

”根据gently可知，妈妈对我态度很好。

6．A.lesson B．problem C．work D．play
答案 D
解析参见上题解析。

7．A.stop B．start C．finish D．prepare
答案 C
解析根据上下文可知，妈妈让我等她绣完后再看。

8．A.knee B．shoulder C．foot D．stomach
答案 A
解析我将让你坐在我的膝盖上，从我这边看。

根据下段中的“come and sit on my knee”可知答案。

9．A.producing B．using
C．making D．leaving
答案 B
解析我想知道她为什么总是把一些黑线与色彩明亮的线配合着用。

10．A.passed B．lost C．ended D．ran
答案 A
解析几分钟过去了，我听到了妈妈的声音。

11．A.sound B．voice C．noise D．word
答案 B
解析参见上题解析。

12．A.worried B．frightened
C．excited D．disappointed
答案 C
解析根据后面的“a beautiful flower”可知，我既惊讶又兴奋。

13．A.believe B．see C．imagine D．guess
答案 A
解析根据后半句内容可知，我几乎不能相信这是真的。

14．A.beautiful B．messy C．small D．tidy
答案 B
解析根据前文可知，从我的角度看，妈妈绣的花显得乱七八糟。

15．A.so B．but C．or D．although
答案 B
解析从下面看，它的确显得乱七八糟，但是你没有意识到有一个事先画好的设
计图在上面。

前后为转折关系。

16．A.cover B．map C．top D．head
答案 C
解析参见上题解析。

17．A.secret B．sign C．mark D．design
答案 D
解析它就是我所遵循的设计图。

18．A.Once B．Until then
C．Later on D．In the future
答案 C
解析根据下文可知，这是以后发生的事了，故用later on，表示“后来，随后”。

19．A.clever B．important
C．happy D．lucky
答案 B
解析我明白一个人有一个人生计划是多么重要。

20．A.Remember B．Study
C．Grasp D．Follow
答案 D
解析严格遵循你的人生计划，你就会有一个美好的未来。

Period Two Learning about Language
现在分词(v.-ing)作状语
v．-ing形式或v．-ing短语作状语往往修饰谓语动词表示的动作，相当于相应的状语从句或并列句。

1．表示时间，作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。

Walking along the street，I met my old classmate.
(＝While I was walking along the street，I met my old classmate.)我在街上走的时候碰到了老同学。

Turning on the light＝(When he turned on the light)，he was surprised to see his son lyi ng on the floor.
他打开灯，惊讶地看见儿子躺在地上。

Entering the office(＝As soon as I entered the office)，I picked up the telephone and called Bob.
我一走进办公室，就拿起听筒给鲍勃打电话。

when/while＋动词的-ing形式强调其表示的动作和谓语动词动作同时发生。

Look out for cars when(you are) crossing the street.
过街时注意车辆。

Don’t reach sideways while(you are) standing on a ladder.
站在梯子上时，不要侧着身子伸手去拿东西。

2．表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。

Being too young(＝As he was too young)，he couldn’t join the army.因为太年幼，他不能参军。

Not knowing how to get there(＝As I did not know how to get there)，I had to ask the way.
因为不知道如何到那里，我只得问路。

3．表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句。

Driving too fast(＝If you drive too fast)，you will damage the car.
如果你开车太快，你会把车子弄坏的。

Having more time(＝If I have more time)，I will do the work much better.
如果我有更多时间，我会把工作做得更好。

注意：表示条件时主要句子中的谓语动词往往用将来时或带有情态动词。

4．表示伴随状况或行为方式，这种用法没有相应的状语从句可以代替，但可以用并列复合句或两个简单句代替。

Thousands of students stood there，watching.(＝Thousands of students stood there and watched.)
成千上万的学生站在那儿观看着。

(习惯上stand，sit，lie等表示主要行为须作谓语动词。

应说stand watching，sit thinking，lie reading等，不宜说watch standing，think sitting，read lying等)
They came into the classroom，singing and laughing.
(＝They sang and laughed，and came into the classroom.)
他们又唱又笑地走进教室。

5．表示结果，作结果状语，没有相应的状语从句代替。

The child fell，striking his head against the door and cutting it.小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰破了。

注意：(1)当v.-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。

如果v.-ing短语的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，即为错句。

Standing on the top of the mountain，I found the houses below looked like tiny toys.当我站在山顶上时，我觉得下面的房子就像小玩具一样。

(＝When I stood on the top of the mountain，I found the houses below looked like tiny toys.不可以说：Standing on the top of the mountain，the houses below looked like tiny toys.)
(2)有时动词的-ing形式或动词的-ing短语有自己的逻辑主语，它们之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，称之为独立主格结构。

Class being over，the children could play football.下课了，孩子们可以踢足球了。

(句子主语为the children，-ing形式逻辑主语class，相当于：When class was over，the children could play football.)
(3)v.-ing短语在句中作插入语，对全句作解释，此时不存在其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致的问题。

Generally speaking，newspapers follow the American way.
一般地说，报纸采用美国英语的拼法。

Frankly speaking，I don’t enjoy the performance.
坦率地说，我并不喜欢这场演出。

Precisely speaking，they will arrive at 9∶20 p．m..
准确地说，他们将于下午九点二十分到达。

(4)v.-ing形式的否定式
not doing/not having done
Not knowing Tom’s telephone number，Mary was very anxious.
不知道汤姆的电话号码，玛丽很着急。

Not having finished my shopping，I couldn’t go home.
还没买完东西，我不能回家。

(5)v.-ing的完成式
having done表示分词所表示的动作先发生
Having lived in the city for ten years，he got tired of the noisy life.
在城市里住了十年后，他厌倦了这种喧闹的生活。

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—What are you reading，Tom?
—I’m not really reading，just _____ ___ the pages.
A．turning off B．turning around
C．turning over D．turning up
答案 C
解析本题考查turn构成的动词短语。

第二句句意为：我没在真正看书，我只是在翻书。

turn over“翻过一页书(纸)”，符合句意。

turn off“关闭”；turn around“完成；提供；生产出”；turn up“调大；出现；发生”。

2．________that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
A．Seeing B．To see C．See D．Seen
答案 A
解析see这一动作由句子的主语“I”发出，故空格处须用现在分词。

3．It is worth considering what makes“convenience” foods so popular, and________better ones of your own.
A．introduces B．to introduce
C．i ntroducing D．introduced
答案 C
解析句意为：值得考虑一下什么使得“方便”食品这么受人欢迎，并且介绍一下你自己比较喜欢的那些“食品”。

and连接consider与introduce，故introduce也要用v.-ing形式作为worth的宾语使用。

4．If we have illegal immigrants________in，many local workers will lose t heir jobs. A．come B．coming
C．to come D．having come
答案 B
解析句意为：如果我们让非法移民不断涌入，许多当地的工人就会失业。

have sb./sth.＋doing“让……一直干……”，其余均不合题意。

5．—Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?
—Yes，I did.You know，my brother________in the match.
A．is playing B．was playing
C．has played D．had played
答案 B
解析句意为：——你昨天看篮球赛了吗？——看了。

你要知道，我的弟弟在那场比赛中上场打球。

故此处应该用过去进行时态。