2019版高考英语外研版一轮复习习题练习：必修3Module3《TheViolenceofNatur

第一部分必修三Module 3
I •阅读理解
A
（2019四川省成都外国语学校月考）Based on new an alysis, we are rapidly approach ing major climate cha nge and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe. Geographers predict that withi n the n ext eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear. Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate （迁徙）north.
Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only in crease but may also become more inten se. If the cha nges come too quickly, ani mal and pla nt species may not be able to adapt fast eno ugh and could disappear.
According to Science Daily, a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of today's familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today's world. It is urge nt that we reduce the risks of these far- reaching consequences for the whole world. The planet itself has been showing sig ns of cha nge. In 2004, a serious tsun ami created by a major earthquake killed thousa nds in Sumatra and in 2008, thousa nds died in China because of ano ther severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2019 by yet another massive earthquake.
With in just the last few mon ths, new reports from around the world have bee n coming in and most agree that our climate situatio n is much worse tha n previously thought. At this poin t, it does n't matter what is causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. What's more, our world is getting more and more un stable every year. There is war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are beco ming more freque nt and serious.
However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this. No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not eno ugh data.
语篇解读：本文叙述了气候的变化将离我们越来越近了及其导致的严重后果。

由于气候
的变化会导致动物迁徙，一些物种灭绝，疾病的蔓延。

今天熟悉的气候类型会被我们不知道的气候代替。

近几年我们的星球已经有了气候变化的迹象，像各地的地震和海啸。

现在导致气候变化的原因不重要了，重要的是我们应该采取措施，应对气候的变化。

1. Which of the following would be the best title for the Passage?
A. Ways to protect our pla net.
B. Soluti ons to climate cha nge.
C. Be prepared for climate cha nge.
D. Climate cha nge and its effects.
答案：D标题归纳题。

全文内容主要介绍气候的变化及其后果。

故选D。

2. What is the author's purpose in using the examples of earthquakes?
A. To show the damage earthquakes caused.
B. To remind people to prevent future earthquakes.
C. To show major changes are taking place on the planet.
D. To tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future.
答案：C作者意图题。

根据第三段的“earthquaken Sumatra, Egypt, Haiti可以看出作者解释
“ Thqola net itself has bee n showi ng sig ns of cha nge”，我们的星球已经表现出变化的迹象。

故选C。

3. What does the un derli ned word “ devastated in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Separated.
B. Destroyed.
C. Removed.
D. Affected.
答案：B 词义猜测题。

根据第三段的“Egyptwas hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2019 by yet another massive earthquake.埃及2009 年发生了大地震，2019 年海地遭受了大地震，被地震破坏，摧毁。

故选B。

4. What can be inferred from the Passage?
A . Animals and plants won't die out as long as climate changes slowly.
B. There's eno ugh data for us to predict the future of climate cha nge.
C. The world is getting more unstable because of animal migration.
D. The earth is not the only planet that is experiencing climate change.
答案：D 推理判断题。

根据最后一段的“ However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own.'不仅我们的星球而且其他星球都在经历着全球变暖。

故选D。

B
（2019 •东济南一模）If you think that running marath ons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research
may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
Scien tists in Den mark have bee n study ing over 1,000 joggers and non- joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group in dicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less tha n two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more tha n three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non- joggers. The scie ntists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries （动脉）. Over time, this can cause serious injuries.
Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “ lyour goal is to decrease risk of death and
improve life expecta ncy, joggi ng a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything
more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful. ”
答案：D标题归纳题。

全文内容主要介绍气候的变化及其后果。

故选D。

The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than“ ironman” events, triathlons and long- distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “ Youdon't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn't actually do too much. ”
语篇解读：本文为说明文。

介绍了剧烈运动不利于健康长寿这一研究结果。

5．The underlined word “ strenuousin P”aragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “ _____ ．”
A．hard B ．regular
C．practical D ．flexible
答案：A 猜测词义题。

这里在陈述研究结果，由上下文的内容可知这里指像马拉松、铁人三项这样的剧烈运动不利于长寿，故选hard。

6．The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to _____ .
A ．suggest giving up jogging
B．show risks of doing sports
C．provide supportive evidence
D．introduce the research process
答案：C 推理判断题。

第二段介绍的是丹麦科学家所作研究的过程，其中引用了一些数字，其目的是为其研究结果提供证据，故答案为 C 项。

7．According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?
A ．It may injure the heart and arteries.
B．It can make the body tired out.
C．It will bring much pressure.
D．It consumes too much energy.
答案：A 事实细节题。

根据第二段倒数第一、二句“科学家们认为这是因为剧烈运动会给心脏及动脉造成结构性变化。

长时间会造成严重损伤。

”可知答案为 A 项。

8．What can be inferred from the text?
A ．No exercise at all is the best choice.
B．More exercise means a healthier life.
C．Marathon runners are least likely to die.
D．Proper exercise contributes to good health.
答案： D 推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知答案为 D 项。

n •完形填空
As scientists learn more about the causes of earthquakes, they become better able to predict
C . measure 答案：C 根据文意，他们测量地球的震动。

C . note
答案：B 地震仪将地球所有运动都记录在纸上。

C . sig ned
答案：D name sth./sb. after sb./sth.意为“以某人6 . A.called B . give
n
them. First of all, they know that quakes are__1__to occur in areas where the tectonic （地壳构造
的）plates push__2__each other. They__3__these areas closely, using different instruments.
They__4 the vibrations （震动）of the earth with seismographs （地震仪）,which__5__on rolls of paper all movements, both large and small. Scientists usually use the Richter scale （里氏震级）,
6__after a famous seismologist, for these measureme nts. When an earthquake measures over 4.5 on the Richter scale, it is__7__eno ugh to cause damage. Scien tists have determ ined that
a （an ）__8__is not likely to have a large__9__when many small quakes have been__10__. When the small quakes stop, the n pressure__11__and a stro ng quake is more likely. There are several other__12 to predict earthquakes. Scie ntists can measure the tiny__13__in the tilt （倾斜）of the land that happe n before an earthquake occurs. In creases in the amount of radon （氡）,a substanee found in deep 14 , as well as a high level of water in the wells, can
also__15__that an earthquake is likely to occur. I n additi on, scie ntists have found that some ani mals, like dogs, behave__16__before an earthquake : they become 一17__and howl. Seismologists have__18__predicted several earthquakes, such as the earthquake which occurred in Zhangjiakou, China in 1998. __19
, not all earthquakes are predictable, and a system for predict ing is not yet__20__.
1. A.possible
B . likely
C . probable
D . hopeful
答案：B sb./sth. is likely to do sth.意为 某人/某物有可能做某事”。

probable, possible 常用 it 作主语。

2.
A.over up C . on aga inst
答案：D push agai nst sth.意为"对某物施加压力, 挤压某物”。

3. A.study
learn C . search watch
答案：A 本句意“使用不同的仪器，他们密切地研究这些地区”。

4. A.take
B . observe notice
5 . A.write
B . record
report amed /某物的名字命名某人/某物”。

7．A.strong B ．big
C．large D ．clear
答案： A 此句句意“当测量的地震超过里氏 4.5 级时，它就可引起强烈破坏”。

8．nd B ．plate
C．area D ．place
答案： C area 指地图上或图表上所标明的或可以实际看到界限的某一地区或地界。

9．A.accident B ．earthquake
C．disaster D ．damage
答案： B 此处指科学家判断大地震发生的可能情况。

10．A.shaking B ．occurring
C．producing D ．planning
答案： B occur 意思为“发生”。

11．A.builds C．happens B ．appears D ．adds
答案：A build(up)意思为“变得更大、更多或更强”。

12．A.methods B ．things
C．ways D ．ideas
答案： C 本文介绍的是科学家们预测地震的方法。

13．A.facts B ．amount C．figures D ．changes
答案： D 此句句意“科学家们能预测出地震发生前陆地发生倾斜的微小变化”。

14．A.holes B ．wells
答案： B 后面有提示：as well as a higher level of water in the wells 。

15．A.mean B ．say
C．tell D ．explain
C．river D ．water
答案： A mean 意为“意味着”。

increases in the amount of radon 是主语。

16．A.normally B ．regularly
C．strangely D ．curiously
答案： C 某些动物在地震前会表现得很“反常”，用strangely。

17．A.excited B ．p leased
C．wild D ．nervous
答案： D nervous 意思为“紧张不安的，胆小的”。

18．A.luckily B ．correctly
C. sometimes D . surprisingly
1998年发生在中国张家口的
答案：B本句意“科学家们已经准确地预测了几次地震，如地震”。

19. A.However B . Besides
C. Though D .In stead
答案：A上下句之间为转折关系。

20. A.improved B . changed
C. perfected D . finished
答案：C本句意“（然而），不是所有的地震都是可以预测的，预测地震的体系还不完善（perfect）”。

川.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共
有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2 .只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

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答案：
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