实验室常见仪器、操作、试剂英文名称

一．容器与耗材
（vessel & consumable material）
小瓶vial
量杯measuring cup
量杯glass graduates with scale
烧杯beaker
不锈钢杯stainless—steel beaker
量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinder
量筒Graduated cylinder
量筒volumetric cylinder
具塞量筒mixing cylinder with stopper
带有刻度的吸管Graduated pipette
吸管端Pipette tip
盘、皿、罐、坩埚dish/jar/crucible
坩埚crucible/ crucible pot，melting pot
坩埚钳crucible clamp/crucible tong
带盖的坩埚crucible with cover
瓷坩埚coors porcelain crucible
砂心坩埚gooch filtering crucible
过滤瓷坩埚coors porcelain gooch filtering crucible 试管test tube
滴定仪器burette/dispenser/titration
小滴管dropper
滴定管burette
白滴定管（酸）flint glass burette with glass stopcock
棕色滴定管(酸) brown glass burette with glass stopcock
白滴定管(碱）flint glass burette for alkali
棕色滴定管（碱）brown glass burette for alkali 滴管medicine dropper
Mohr burette for use with pinchcock
碱氏滴定管
Geiser burette （stopcock) 酸氏滴定管
burette clamp 滴定管夹
burette stand 滴定架台
pinch clamp 弹簧节流夹
screw clamp 螺旋夹
白细口瓶flint glass solution bottle with stopper
棕细口瓶brown glass solution bottle with stopper 白广口瓶flint glass solid bottle with stopper本文滴瓶dropping bottle
棕色滴瓶brown glass dr—opping bottle
白色滴瓶flint glass dr-opping bottle
test tube holder 试管夹
Mohr measuring pipette 量液管
试管架test tube holder 漏斗funnel
matrass 卵形瓶
litmus 石蕊
litmus paper 石蕊试纸
retort 曲颈甑
still 蒸馏釜
distilling head 蒸馏头
distilling tube 蒸馏管
Claisen distilling head 减压蒸馏头
cupel 烤钵
漏斗funnel ＆separation三角漏斗funnel
瓷布氏漏斗coors filtering crucible for bitumens 布氏砂心漏斗buchner funnerl with fritted disc 球形分液漏斗globe-shaped funnel
梨形分液漏斗pear-shaped funnel
Hirsch funnel 赫氏漏斗
Busher funnel 布氏漏斗
long—stem funnel 长颈漏斗
separatory funnel 分液漏斗
stemless funnel 无颈漏斗
比色皿cuvette
鱼缸aquarium
烧瓶flask
boiling flask—3-neck 三口烧瓶
florence flask 平底烧瓶
filter flask(suction flask）抽滤瓶
玻璃瓶flask
锥形瓶conical flask
三角瓶Erlenmeyer/ conical flask
具塞三角瓶conical flask with stopper
称量瓶weighing bottle
比重瓶specific gravity bottle
容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask
白容量瓶flint glass flask volumetric
棕色容量瓶brown glass flask volumetric
塞子stopper/plug
洗瓶plastic wash bottle
玻璃活塞stopcock
橡胶塞rubber stopper
试剂瓶reagent bottles
玻棒glass rod 搅拌棒stirring rod
冷凝器condenser
移液管transfer pipette
吸液管pipette
Mohr measuring pipette 量液管
橡胶管rubber tubing
滤器filter 滤纸filter paper滤管filter
培养皿culture dish
移液枪pipette
移液枪枪头pipette tips
移液管(one-mark）pipette
刻度移液管graduated pipettes
蒸发、冷凝、抽提器condensor & extractor
索氏抽提装置soxhlet apparatus with allihn condenser
抽提筒soxhlet extraction tube
抽提冷凝管allihn condenser wih straight outlet tube
球形冷凝管economical allihn condenser
蛇形冷凝管graham condenser
直形冷凝管condenser distillation column
逆流冷凝管reflux condenser
air condenser 空气冷凝管condenser—Allihn type 球形冷凝管condenser-west tube 直型冷凝管
plastic squeeze bottle 塑料洗瓶
reducing bush 大变小转换接头
rubber pipette bulb 吸耳球
Thiele melting point tube 提勒熔点管
剃刀刀片razor blade
手术刀scalpel
垃圾袋disposable bag
垃圾桶garbage bin
橡皮筋rubber band
托盘Tray
铝箔aluminium foil
洗耳球rubber suction bulb
保鲜膜preservative film
研磨钵mortar / clear glass mortar
研杵/研磨棒pestle/clear glass pestle
玛瑙研钵agate mortar
玛瑙研磨棒agate pestle
蒸馏装置distilling apparatus
蒸馏烧瓶distilling flask
蒸发器evaporator
碘量瓶iodine flask
表面皿watch glass
带柄表面皿watch glass with handle
称量皿low—form weighing bottle
蒸发皿evaporating dish
桶bucket
广口瓶wide—mouth bottle
容量瓶volumetric flask/measuring flask
瓷器porcelain
离心机转子rotor 试管架test tube holder/rack
tripod 三角架
酒精灯alcohol burner
酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner
搅拌装置stirring device
石蜡封口膜Parafilm
微量离心管（EP管）Eppendorf tube
载玻片Slide
盖玻片Cover glass
Glass plate玻璃片
离心管Centrifuge tube
Eppendorf tube微量离心管
Centrifuge离心机
电泳槽Gel tank
沸石boiling stone
滴水架dry rack
透明pvc管clear pvc tubing
玻璃棒glass stirring rod
干燥器desiccator
真空干燥器vacuum—pressure desiccator
筛选设备filtration
标准筛test sieve
震动筛lab sieve shaker
电泳用的梳子Comb
梳子齿Teeth of comb
Gel tank电泳槽
minicell 小电泳槽
Gel tray 凝胶电泳槽
Slot狭槽
Socket齿槽，插口
Gel tray凝胶板
Gel system凝胶系统
Support tooth 以前用过的梳子最两边的齿,一搬略高于其他齿,起支持作用
Horizontal agrose gels 水平琼脂糖凝胶
升降台lab jack
铁架台iron support
三角架clay pipe iron—wire triangle
万能夹extension clamp
止水夹flatjaw pinchcock
蝴蝶夹double—buret clamp
双顶丝clamp regular holder
移液管架pipet rack
试管架tube rack
圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring
橡胶管rubber tubing
真空泵管tygon vacuum tubing
二、耗材
电线Electrical leads
牙签Toothpick
螺丝钉Screw
锁紧螺母Nut, Cap nut
复印机Duplicator, copying machine
复印纸Copy paper
复写纸Carbon paper
钉Nail
试管刷test—tube brush
计时器Timer
闹钟Alarm clock
U形钉Staple
衣服挂钩Coat hanger
扳手Shifting spanner
订书机Stapler
订书钉staple
圆珠笔芯Refill
灯泡Globe
Toothpick牙签
Bolt 插销
Plug插头
Nail 钉,(指)甲
Hammer锤
Joint关节
Timer计时器
Alarm clock闹钟
Staple U形钉
Stapler吻合器
Globe眼球，球
记号笔marker pen
注射器syringe
注射器活塞plunger
秒表stopwatch
样品推车lab cart
定时钟traceable timer
刷子Brush
乳胶帽漏斗刷funnel or graduate brush 试剂瓶刷bottle brush
离心管刷centrifuge tube brush
滴定管刷buret brush
试管刷tube brush
比色管刷nessler tube brush
容量瓶刷volumetric flask brush
烧杯刷beaker brush
移液管刷brush for transfer pipets
取样篮collapsible carrier
密封样品袋seal sample bag
药匙lab spoon 镊子forceps
剪刀scissor
打孔器stopper borer
石棉网asbestos-free wire gauze
电炉丝wire coil for heater
pH试纸universal ph indicator paper
称量纸weighing paper
擦镜纸wiper for lens
标签纸paper label
滤纸filter paper
试纸（广泛) universal ph indicator paper
圆形定性滤纸qualitative grade filter circles
方形定性滤纸qualitative grade rectangular filter sheets
Whatman （filter) paper华特门滤纸
Air filter (Laminar flow cabinet）空气过滤器
脱脂棉absorbent cottonph
水银温度计mercury-filled thermometer
红水温度计red—spirit-filled thermometer
精密温度计fractional-degree thermometer
石油密度计hydrometerph计ph meter
真空泵vacuum pump
Vacuum line真空线
Vacuum traps 真空过滤装置
Vacuum manifold多头抽真空装置
Parafilm石蜡封口膜
Sealing equipment封口设备
水浴锅water bath kettle
冷、热浴bath
电极electrode
阳极,正极anode
阴极，负极cathode
Electrical leads电线
Power supply电源
Electrophoresis power supply 电泳电源
Power transformer电源变压器
Sterilizer消毒器
Disinfector消毒剂
(Feed）Rack饲料架
Laminar flow cabinet层流柜
Cupboard药柜
Shifting spanner活动扳手
Stapler吻合器
Refill再填
Screw螺丝钉
Bolt螺栓
Nut，Cap nut锁紧螺母
Screw driver旋凿
Adapter转接器，接液管
劳动防护用品safety equip.
全棉工作服cotton lab coat
袖套dafety sleevelet
口罩respirator
工作鞋footware
隔热手套heat insulation gloves
防护眼镜safety spectacle
耐酸碱手套anti—erode glove
防毒面具respirator
安全帽motorcycle safety helmet 洗眼器eyewash equipment
急救药箱first aid pyxides
消防器材fire protection equipment 洗涤用品things for washing
防滑垫lab mat
二．实验操作(manipulation)：
丢弃discard
转移容器decant
吸出aspirate
吹吸blowing and suction
离心收集pellet
重悬resuspend
絮状沉淀flocculent precipitate
浑浊的turbid
烘bake
灭菌sterilize
培养foster
通风ventilate
冷却chill down
稀释dilute
洗脱elute
孵育incubate
裂解物Lysate
沉淀Sediment
上清Supernatant
色谱chromatograph
沉淀precipitate
接种inoculate
蒸馏distil/distill
搅拌Stir/agitate 化学反应：
analysis 分解
fractionation 分馏
endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀
to precipitate 沉淀
to distil, to distill 蒸馏
distillation 蒸馏
to calcine 煅烧
to oxidize 氧化
alkalinization 碱化
to oxygenate，to oxidize 脱氧，氧化to neutralize 中和
to hydrogenate 氢化
to hydrate 水合，水化
to dehydrate 脱水
fermentation 发酵
solution 溶解
combustion 燃烧
fusion，melting 熔解
alkalinity 碱性
isomerism，isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解
electrolysis 电解
electrode 电极
anode 阳极,正极
cathode 阴极，负极
catalyst 催化剂
catalysis 催化作用
oxidization, oxidation 氧化
reducer 还原剂
dissolution 分解
synthesis 合成
reversible 可逆的
中和neutralize
漂洗rinse
脱水dehydrate
发酵fermentation
溶解dissolve
燃烧combustion
水解hydrolysis
过滤filtrate
催化剂catalyst
研磨grind
破碎crush
催化作用catalysis
分解dissolution
涡旋震荡V ortex
电泳Electrophoresis
抽滤suction filtration
电转化electrotransformation
收菌harvest
切碎chop/mince
灌注perfusion
浆液slurry
化学反应产物product
三．仪器（apparatus）
apparatus 设备
恒温循环仪Thermostatic circulator 空调机Air conditioner
加热、制冷设备heating/refrigeration pH计pH meter
磁力搅拌器magnetic stirrer
电动搅拌器power basic stirrer
烘箱oven
微波炉microwave oven
电磁炉electromagnetic oven
马弗炉furnace
电炉heater
万用电炉wire coil heater
微波炉电热套heating mantle
凝胶系统Gel system
电子天平Electronic balance
转接器Adapter
封口设备Sealing equipment
复印机Duplicator，copying machine 超净工作台super clean bench
通风橱fume cupboard
药柜Cupboard
电泳电源Electrophoresis power supply 紫外灯Ultraviolet illumination Bunsen burner 本生灯
真空泵Vacuum pump
天平balance/scale
分析天平analytical balance
台秤platform balance
游码crossbeams and sliding weights 涡旋振荡器V ortexing machine
CO2培养箱CO2 Incubators
电子显微镜Electro Microscopy
电泳仪Electrophoresis System
酶标仪ELIASA
恒流泵constant flow pump
解剖镜anatomical lens PCR仪Instrument for Polymerase Chain Reaction 倒置显微镜Inverted Microscope
核磁共振波谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer
光学显微镜Optical Microscopy
pH计pH Meter
折光仪refractometer
离心机centrifuge
摇床/振荡器Shaker
粉碎搅拌设备mill ＆mixer
粉碎磨cyclone sample mill
剪切磨cutting mill
数显电热搅拌器digital stirring hotplate
数显循环水浴锅digital circulating water bath
高温加热器（油浴）high—temperature circulator(oil bath）
加热水浴锅digital heating circulating water bath 往复振荡水浴锅reciprocating shaker bath
循环冷却器refrigerating circulator
循环加热器heating circulator
培养箱incubator
超滤器Ultrahigh Purity Filter
冰箱refrigerator
超低温冰箱Ultra-low Temperature Freezer
超声破碎仪Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor
计算器calculato/numerator
闪点仪flash point tester
生化仪器
Aging Property Tester 老化性能测定仪
Amino Acid Analyzer 氨基酸组成分析仪Analyzer for Clinic Medicine Concentration 临床药物浓度仪
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 原子吸收光谱仪Atomic Emission Spectrometer 原子发射光谱仪Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy 原子荧光光谱仪Automatic Titrator 自动滴定仪
digital buret数显半自动滴定仪
Basic Physics 基本物理量测定
Biochemical Analyzer 生化分析仪Biochemicalanalysis 生物技术分析Bio—reactor 生物反应器
Blood-gas Analyzer 血气分析仪
Centrifuge 离心机ChemiluminescenceApparatus 化学发光仪
CHN Analysis 环境成分分析仪
CO2 Incubators CO2培养箱
Combustion PropertyTester 燃烧性能测定仪
Conductivity Meter 电导仪
Constant Temperature Circulator 恒温循环泵Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer 直流等离子体发射光谱仪
DNA Sequencers DNA测序仪
DNA synthesizer DNA合成仪
Electrical Property Tester 电性能测定仪
Electro Microscopy 电子显微镜
Electrolytic Analyzer 电解质分析仪
Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 电子能谱仪Electron Paramagnetic ResonanceSpectrometer 电子顺磁共振波谱仪
Electrophoresis 电泳
Electrophoresis System 电泳仪
ELIASA 酶标仪
Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能谱仪Fermenter 发酵罐
Flow Analytical and Process AnalyticalChemistry 流动分析与过程分析
Fraction Collector 部分收集器
FreezeDrying Equipment 冻干机
FT-IR Spectrometer 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪FT—Raman Spectrometer 傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪
Gas Analysis 气体分析
Gas Chromatograph 气相色谱仪
GC—MS 气相色谱-质谱联用仪
Gel PermeationChromatograph 凝胶渗透色谱仪HighPressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography 高压/效液相色谱仪
Hybridization Oven 分子杂交仪
ICP-MS ICP—质谱联用仪
Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer 电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪
Instrument for Nondestructive Testing 无损检测仪Instrument for Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR仪Inverted Microscope 倒置显微镜
Ion Chromatograph 离子色谱仪
Isotope X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 同位素X荧光光谱仪
LC—MS 液相色谱-质谱联用仪
Mass Spectrometer 质谱仪
Mechanical Property Tester 机械性能测定仪Metal/material elemental analysis 金属/材料元素分析仪
Metallurgical Microscopy 金相显微镜Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer 微波等离子体光谱仪
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer 核磁共振波谱仪
Optical Microscopy 光学显微镜
Optical PropertyTester 光学性能测定仪
Other/Miscellaneous 其他
Particle Size Analyzer 粒度分析仪
PCR Amplifier PCR仪
Peptide synthesizer 多肽合成仪
pH Meter pH计
PhysicalProperty Analysis 物性分析Polarograph 极谱仪
Protein Sequencer 氨基酸测序仪
Rheometer 流变仪
Sample Handling 样品处理
Scanning Probe Microscopy FG|8oU 扫描探针显微镜
Sensors 传感器
Sequencers and Synthesizers for DNA and Protein DNA及蛋白质的测序和合成仪
Shaker 摇床
Size Exclusion Chromatograph 体积排阻色谱Surface Science 表面科学
SurfaceAnalyzer 表面分析仪
Thermal Analyzer 热分析仪
Thermal Physical Property Tester 热物理性能测定仪Ultrahigh Purity Filter 超滤器
Ultra-low Temperature Freezer 超低温冰箱Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor 超声破碎仪
Ultraviolet Detector 紫外检测仪UltravioletLamp 紫外观察灯
Urine Analyzer 尿液分析仪
UV—Visible Spectrophotometer 紫外-可见光分光光度计
Viscometer 粘度计
V oltammerter 伏安仪
Water Test Kits 水质分析仪
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer X射线荧光光谱仪X—RayDiffractomer X射线衍射仪
V ortexing machine涡流机
Rotor 转子
四．化学试剂（reagent）
1、氨基酸
丙氨酸alanine （Ala，A）
缬氨酸valine (Val，V)
亮氨酸leucine (Leu，L)
异亮氨酸isoleucine （Ile，I）
脯氨酸proline (Pro, P)
苯丙氨酸phenylalanine （Phe，F）
色氨酸tryptophan (Trp，W）
蛋氨酸methionine (Met，M)
甘氨酸glycine (Gly, G）
丝氨酸serine （Ser, S）
苏氨酸threonine (Thr, T)
半胱氨酸cysteine （Cys，C）
酪氨酸tyrosine (Tyr，Y）
天冬氨酸asparagines （Asn, N)
谷氨酰胺glutamine （Gln，Q）
赖氨酸lysine （Lys，K）
精氨酸arginine （Arg，R）
组氨酸histidine (His，H）
天冬氨酸aspartic acid （Asp，D）
谷氨酸glutamic acid (Glu，E）
2、核苷酸
腺苷adenosine
鸟嘌呤核苷guanosine
胞苷cytidine
胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷thymidine
尿嘧啶核苷uridine
脱氧deoxy
3、其他化学试剂
二甲苯Xylene
冰乙酸Acetic acid glacial
硼酸Boric acid （H3BO3,61.83）
氯化钙Calcium chloride
巯基乙醇mercaptoethanol
咪唑Imidazole
盐酸胍guanidine hydrochloride
无水乙醇ethanol absolute
乙酸钠Sodium acetate
氯化钠Sodium chloride
生理盐水physiological saline
洗涤剂detergent
十二烷基硫酸钠Sodium dodecyl sulphate 盐酸hydrochloric acid
氢氧化钠sodium hydrate/hydroxide
胰蛋白胨Tryptone
酵母提取物yeast extract
琼脂Agar
两性霉素amphotericin
氨苄Ampicillin
肝素heparin
卡那霉素Kanamycin
醋酸钾Potassium acetate
异丙醇Isopropanol
醋酸铵Ammonium acetate
异戊醇Isoamyl alcohol 氯仿Chloroform
甲醇methanol
高锰酸钾potassium hypermanganate
考马斯亮蓝Coomassie brilliant blue
液氮liquid nitrogen
次氯酸钠clorox
苯酚phenol
Ampicillin 氨苄西林
Lithium chloride氯化锂
PEG8000 聚乙二醇8000
RNAse A RNA酶A
阴离子anion
碱性alkalinity
PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂
Xylene cyanol FF二甲苯苯胺FF
Minicell微细胞。