【新教材】2020-2021学年高中英语外研版必修第一册Unit 3 单元质量检测 Word版含解析

Unit 3单元质量检测
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What will the speakers do?
A．Watch a play.B．Go to a concert.
C．Go to the cinema.
2．What does the man want?
A．Juice. B．Coffee.
C．Green tea.
3．What is the man?
A．A cleaner. B．A teacher.
C．A headmaster.
4．How does the man feel now?
A．Worried. B．Tired.
C．Angry.
5．How much did the man pay for the coat?
A．$44. B．$42.
C．$40.
其次节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．What day is it today?
A．Friday. B．Saturday.
C．Sunday.
7．Who is the woman speaking to?
A．A friend. B．A performer.
C．A ticket seller.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8．Why will the man go to Germany?
A．To do sight-seeing.
B．To see his girlfriend.
C．To visit a friend's family.
9．How is calling a stranger's family name in Germany?
A．Normal. B．Impolite.
C．Friendly.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10．What did the man dream of becoming as a teenager?
A．A writer.
B．A college teacher.
C．A successful businessman.
11．How many languages is the man learning now?
A．1. B．2.
C．3.
12．What does the woman think of learning new languages?
A．Unnecessary. B．Important.
C．Difficult.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13．What did the man do yesterday?
A．He went boating. B．He cleaned his room.
C．He watched a film.
14．What is spring like in the woman's city?
A．It's very cold.
B．It's often rainy.
C．It's quite warm.
15．What does the woman like doing in summer?
A．Going fishing. B．Taking a long holiday.
C．Going swimming.
16．What does the man think of living in his city?
A．Great. B．Stressful.
C．Dull.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17．When was the boy's school opened?
A．In 2003. B．In 2005.
C．In 2007.
18．How many students are there in the boy's school?
A．About 1,005. B．About 2,000.
C．About 2,500.
19．Where are most students in the school from?
A．English-speaking countries.
B．French-speaking countries.
C．Spanish-speaking countries.
20．What does the boy think of the teachers in the school?
A．Nice. B．Strict.
C．Patient.
其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
My mother, a nurse at Stony Brook University Hospital, worked at night so that she could come home in time to send me to school. She'd sleep during the day and be ready when we returned home before heading out again in the evening. This went on for 23 years. She never complained (埋怨). No matter how tired she was, she always had enough energy to be my mom.
She often had to work on holidays, even on New Year's Eve, which made me unhappy. However, before holidays she always decorated the inside and outside of our house. She'd also have cookies baking in the oven, a
holiday-themed movie in the VCR, and music playing throughout our house for us. But when it was time to go to work, there was no room for debate. “Why do you have to work on this day of all days？”I'd ask sadly. “They need me, too, dear son，” she'd say.
For a long time I didn't understand why she should care so much about those sick strangers. Recently, as my grandmother became ill, I found myself spending more time in the hospital. The scenes I saw in the hospital made me see the different side of my mother. The nurses checked the heart, blood and oxygen levels to make sure patients were comfortable. They lifted patients in and out of bed and helped them to the bathroom. Beyond their duties, the nurses showed consideration(爱护) for each patient.
What I saw helped me understand why my mother was devoted to her occupation (职业). I was filled with more admiration for my mother.
21．Why did the author's mother work in the evening?
A．To take him to school.
B．To enjoy a movie.
C．To decorate their house.
D．To sleep during the day.
22．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A．The mother loved her patients more than her son.
B．Nurses are paid double salary working on holidays.
C．The author wished his mother could stay home on holidays.
D．Only people with mercy on patients would make good nurses.
23．How did the author really understand his mother's work?
A．When he asked his mother to stay with him during holidays.
B．When he looked after his sick grandma in hospital.
C．When he saw how tired his mother was after work.
D．When he helped patients to the bathroom.
B
Since his students began using Quizlet, English teacher Tristan Thorne has noticed an improvement in their ability to learn and use new words. Quizlet is a learning app, a computer program you use on your mobile phone. It can help users build and test their knowledge of English words. Quizlet has words set for millions of subjects. And, it is quickly becoming a useful mobile tool for language learners.
Thorne teaches at Columbia University in New York City. Thanks to learning apps, Jeff Strack, another English teacher, has also noticed the improvement in his students' ability to remember information. He teaches at Hostos Community College, also in New York. He and Thorne are part of a growing number of language educators adding mobile apps to their classes.
Strack and Thorne seem to agree that the days when teachers would not permit (允许) the use of mobile phones are gone. When they use apps, language learners communicate more differently than in a traditional classroom. Users act on or respond to something, instead of just listening to new information.
Thorne believes that apps can help learners become more active in learning. For example, each week, his students are required to add vocabularies into Quizlet for others to use. He says some apps also make it easy for students to know their language strengths and weaknesses.
The biggest improvement Strack has seen in his students is that they are much more active in whole-class or small-group discussions. “Apps let all students take part in the activity, whether it's a game, quiz or practice activity，” he says.
Many existing learning apps are designed for students of all ages and levels. Some are designed for group activities. Some support independent learning. Still some are good for homework. Thorne says he especially likes Quizlet and three other apps: QR Codes, Socrative and Evernote.
24．What do Strack and Thorne do to improve their teaching?
A．They design learning apps for their students.
B．They don't allow their students to use apps after class.
C．They allow their students to use mobile apps to study.
D．They order their students not to use mobile phones in class.
25．According to the text, how do the apps help the language learners?
A．They help language learners take an active part in learning.
B．They help language learners save much time and money.
C．They help language learners remember their weaknesses.
D．They help language learners improve personal designing skills.
26．What can we learn about the existing learning apps?
A．They have three types in total.
B．They are too few to choose from.
C．They are only designed for homework.
D．They are designed for different uses.
27．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Great Changes in Science and Technology
B．The Use of Mobile Phones Will Be Gone
C．Ways to Choose from Different Mobile Apps
D．Better Language Learning with Mobile Apps
C
In order to achieve in math, science, English, history, geography, and other subjects, reading skills must be developed when the students are young. Students cannot struggle with word recognition (识别) when they should be reading quickly for understanding of a text.
Since reading is very important to success in school, parents can and should play a role in helping their children become interested in reading and in encouraging their growth in reading skills.
Research shows that children learn about reading before they enter school. In fact, they learn in the best way—through observation. Young children, for example, see people around them reading newspapers, books, maps, and signs.
Parents can do a lot to cultivate an understanding of print by talking with their preschoolers about signs in their environment and by letting their children know they enjoy reading themselves. When reading to your preschooler, you should run your index finger under the line of print. This process is simple and helps children begin to notice words and that words have meaning. They also develop habits of reading.
In the early elementary years, from first through third grades, children continue learning how to read. It is a complex process (过程), difficult for some and easy for others. Care must be taken during these early years not to put too much stress on the learning-to-read process.
Reading for pleasure and information develops reading interests and offers children the chance to practise their reading skills in meaningful ways. Parents of preschoolers should provide reading materials in the home that arouse curiosity or extend their children's natural interest in the world around them.
By encouraging reading in free time, parents take the most important step in improving their children's reading development.
28．What can we conclude from the passage?
A．It is important to develop children's reading ability.
B．Parents should care for their children's studies.
C．It is common for students to ignore their reading habit.
D．Schools should pay more attention to children's reading.
29．What should parents do to help their children build up their reading ability?
A．They should encourage their children to read every day.
B．They should teach their children to read as quickly as possible.
C．They should take great interest in reading by themselves.
D．They should provide financial support for their children.
30．What does the underlined word “cultivate” mean in Paragraph 4 ?
A．Prevent. B．Develop.
C．Discuss. D．Practise.
31．What should a parent not do when teaching his child?
A．Find proper reading materials.
B．Encourage his child to read more at home.
C．Help develop his child's interests.
D．Stress the learning-to-read process more.
D
Parents can cut the chances of their children getting fat simply by keeping them longer at table. Just three minutes extra at a family mealtime could help prevent child obesity. Research found that among poor families, the extra minutes at mealtimes made great improvement of a normal weight for the youth. The factors are likely to be communication and the importance of a scheduled mealtime.
Dr Barbara Fiese said，“Children, whose families have a 20-minute meal over four times a week，weigh less than kids who leave the table after 15 to 17 minutes. Over time, those extra minutes per meal add up and become really powerful.”
The researchers studied 200 family mealtimes，testing the effects of factors and mealtime behavior of families with children in primary school. They found that families, who said that shared mealtimes were an important part of family life and had special meaning for them，were less likely to have an obese child. Similarly, families, who talked more together and interacted more positively during the meal，were more likely to have healthy-weight children.
Teaching low-income families how to make the most of family mealtimes was a wise idea. Dr Fiese said, “This is something we can target and teach.” She added, “It's also important to recognize the increasing differences of families and their sometimes complex living arrangements that may challenge their abilities to plan ahead and arrange a single time to communicate with each other.”
Families in poorer US neighborhoods faced a lot of problems，including poor access to healthy food. But even so, regular high quality family mealtimes made a difference to the children's weight. Dr Fiese said，“Three to four extra minutes per meal will make a healthy weight more possible.”
32．According to the passage, to have a healthy-weight child, parents should ________.
A．limit the food for each meal
B．increase their eating time
C．shorten the mealtime
D．make them eat healthy food
33．How much time is reasonable for one meal according to the passage?
A．About 15 minutes. B．About 17 minutes.
C．About 20 minutes. D．About 30 minutes.
34．Why does a longer mealtime make a difference to a normal weight?
A．Because people can have a good rest as they eat meals.
B．Because people can have time to choose what they like.
C．Because people can use mealtimes to do other things.
D．Because people can communicate more in the scheduled time
35．What does Dr Fiese suggest to us?
A．Parents should not communicate during mealtime.
B．It's better to add three to four extra minutes to one meal.
C．Four meals a day will make a difference to the children's weight.
D．Twenty extra minutes per meal make a healthy weight.
其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Be a Good Listener
Being a good listener can help you see the world through the eyes of others. It enriches your understanding and expands your capacity for empathy (怜悯). Good listening skills can provide you with a deeper level of understanding about someone's situation.__36__
1. Place yourself in other people's shoes. It's easy to only consider the impact of the other person's “telling” on you. But you must open out and look at the problems from the other person's view. __37__
2. Avoid comparing the person's experiences to your own. You may think that the best thing you can do to really listen is to compare the person's experiences to your own. But this type of thinking actually makes the person feel like you're not really listening at all. __38__ That means that you're focusing more on yourself than on the person's situation.
3．__39__ Some people think that, when they're listening, they should find a quick and easy solution to the person's problem. According to the research, it is totally wrong to do so. Instead focus on absorbing(理解) everything the person is saying to you. Only after that can you really try to help.
4. Know what not to do. Knowing what to avoid when you're trying to be a good listener can be almost as helpful as knowing what to do. If you want the speaker to take you seriously you'd better not interrupt in the middle of a point. __40__ Make eye contact with the person so that the person realizes that you are interested and are listening.
A．Don't try to help immediately.
B．Avoid saying “I” or “me” a lot.
C．Try to solve the person's problem quickly.
D．Don't try to change the subject, even if it's a little uncomfortable.
E．If so, you would see your way through the problems much faster.
F．Therefore you had better listen to what the person is saying carefully.
G．If you want to know how to be a good listener, read on to get started!
第三部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Remember the heart-warming story of Hachiko, the Akita Inu who spent nine years waiting for his owner to return without knowing his death. His being __41__ to his owner is being challenged by Thor.
In December 2021, Thor's owner died at 58, and his loyal companion fell into __42__.The owner's family looked after Thor, but they didn't give him the same love and attention. Seeing the miserable dog, a neighbor called Saionara asked if she could __43__ him in, and maybe help him __44__ the death of his owner. Then under her loving care, Thor started getting better. About a year ago, he started following the same __45__ he had taken alongside his owner.
Every morning Saionara gets up early, makes his food and then opens the gate for him to take the walks he was already __46__ with. Thor has a good memory, and he __47__ at all the usual places his owner used to spend time in, and lets those who __48__ him pet him on the head. That's become his routine for the last year or so. And it seems that he is waiting for his __49__ to come back
Wherever he goes, Thor always __50__ love and affection. Everyone knows his story and is eager to make his
__51__ more bearable. People stop to pet him. His food and water bowls are always __52__ at the shoe store he walks by every day, and some people even stop to take photos with the famous dog.
After __53__ his walk and spending time outside the places his owner used to spend time in, __54__ the lottery (彩票) office, which he visited every day, Thor returns to his new owner, Saionara. “I'll tell you that I love him, but I'm also __55__ because I'm old. But I'll take good care of him，” she says.
41．A.helpful B．sensitive
C．faithful D．attractive
42．A.regret B．sorrow
C．disappointment D．sleep
43．A.take B．bring
C．keep D．raise
44．A.realize B．get over
C．understand D．get across
45．A.choice B．habit
C．pattern D．route
46．A.familiar B．satisfied
C．bored D．popular
47．A.looks B．meets
C．stops D．plays
48．A.surprise B．know
C．believe D．appreciate
49．A.owner B．parent
C．companion D．baby
50．A.refuses B．shares
C．receives D．expresses
51．A.existence B．life
C．recovery D．loss
52．A.empty B．full
C．lost D．clean
53．pleting B．continuing
C．changing D．recording
54．A.suddenly B．clearly
C．luckily D．particularly
55．A.happy B．calm
C．concerned D．patient
其次节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A reporter from Jiangsu Province went to Australia and some other countries with his father for a 3-month trip，which turned out to be a miracle(奇迹)．
The reporter's father spent most of his life 56.________ (work) on the farm. The son started these 57.________ (amaze) trips with his father because the father got cancer—a serious 58.________ (ill)．
The reporter wanted 59.________ (take) his father to travel in the hope that his father can find his younger self in his last days. They 60.________ (travel) more than 13,000 kilometers and took over 110,000 61.________ (picture) on their trips to different countries. Well, a miracle happened during the “rebirth” trips. 62.________ their surprise, his father got 63.________ (good) and became more open-hearted.
He even taught himself to play 64.________violin，and then he played it very well after practice. After that miracle trip，now he is expecting another trip to Africa. He is the most stylish dad ever.
Time carves (雕刻) the old father's face 65.________ youth(青春) flows in his blood. This is the real style.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
假设你是高中同学李华。

你市戏剧院响应国家在校内促进传统戏曲文化的号召，将在12月20日表演传统京剧《霸王别姬》，同学可免费观看。

你的伴侣Tom对京剧很感爱好，因此你想邀请他来观看表演。

请你给他写封信，内容包括：
1．表演时间、地点；
2．表演内容；
3．方案与期望。

留意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：《霸王别姬》Fare w ell My Concubine
市戏剧院the city theatre
Dear Tom，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
其次节读后续写(满分25分)
Mr Brown lived in a house less than two miles from his office，so he was able to drive home every day for lunch. Every time he drove home at noon，he found many cars were parked outside his house and there was no room for his own car. He had to drive somewhere else to park his car. Then he had to walk back home. This made him very angry.
He had put up a board，which said，“No parking” in the garden facing the road，but nobody noticed it. People seemed to obey(遵守) only a_police_notice,_but not a private one. There were no parked cars where there was
a_blue_board_with_letters on it：Police Notice—No Parking!
Mrs Brown suggested that he could steal a police notice. He dared_not,_being_afraid_of_going_to_prison. She then suggested that he could make one just like a police notice. He said he was not a policeman and
couldn't_use_the_word“police”. Several days later，Mr Brown made a blue board with white letters：Polite_Notice—No Parking!
“Oh！” Mrs Brown said，“You told me you weren't going to use the word “police”，but why do you use it now？”“Really？” he asked，“Look again.” She started to laugh. “You are really clever.”
留意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1：
Why did Mrs Brown say her husband was really clever?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
If the police discovered that the Browns were using a police
notice...________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________ __________
Unit 3单元质量检测
第一部分
答案：
1～5BCBAC6～10ACCBA
11～15BCCBC16～20AAACA
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Lily, let's go to the theatre today. I've heard there's a very good play on now.
W：Sorry, but I'm going to attend a concert. Do you want to go with me?
M：Why not?
(Text 2)
W：Would you like something to drink, sir?
M：Yes, please. I'm really thirsty. But let me look at the menu first. Hmm... There is coffee, green tea, Coca-Cola and juice. Hmm... I'd like some tea.
W：OK, sir. Just a minute.
(Text 3)
M：Is this your first year in college?
W：No. It's my second year. What about you?
M：I'm not a student. I teach here. But it's my first year to work here.
(Text 4)
W：Are you ready for the exam?
M：Not really. I'm afraid I won't pass it. What should I do?
W：Relax! I'm sure you'll do fine.
M：But Mr. Brown said it would be very difficult.
(Text 5)
W：Hi, Sam. You look great today! Your new coat is very nice.
M：Thanks! I love the color.
W：Me too. How much did it cost?
M：The ad said that the coat was on sale for 42 dollars, but actually it was $40.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

(Text 6)
M：May I help you?
W：Yes. I want to buy some tickets for the play. It's on this Friday, Saturday and Sunday, right?
M：That's right. Do you want to watch it tonight, tomorrow or the day after tomorrow?
W：The day is not important, but my friends and I want to sit together. Do you have three such seats left?
M：Let me check... Yes, we do. We have three seats that are together the day after tomorrow.
W：Great! Then I'll take them.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

(Text 7)
W：Hey, Mark, I heard you're going to Gemany. Are you going there to do sight-seeing?
M：No. A friend of mine in Germany invited me to visit her and her family.
W：Is she your girlfriend?
M：No. Just a friend I met online.
W：Do you know what to do when you visit someone for the first time in that country?
M：Yes. As a matter of fact, I do. I looked it up on the Internet. The first thing I should do is arrive on time.
W：Yes. You can bring a gift. And please remember to avoid calling people's family name when you visit them for the first time.
M：Thanks. I won't forget.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

(Text 8)
W：What did you like doing when you were a teenager, Sam?
M：I loved reading and writing. As a matter of fact, I dreamed of making a living on writing one day.
W：Then why did you give up your dream?
M：Because I was very busy with my studies at college. And after leaving college, I was super busy at work.
W：But now you have the time and money to make your dream come true. You can write again.
M：Well, now I'm more interested in learning languages.
W：So what languages are you learning now?
M：I'm learning both French and Spanish.
W：Well, I think learning a new language is really hard. I prefer watching TV in my spare time.
M：I think that's a waste of time.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

(Text 9)
W：Hey, Charles. Did you go boating at the park as you had planned yesterday afternoon?
M：No. I heard on the radio that it was going to be windy, so I didn't go. I stayed home and watched a movie instead.
W：It seems that it is very windy this time of year.
M：That's true. Spring is like that in our city. So what is the weather usually like in your city in spring?
W：It rains a lot and it's cool.
M：How about the weather in summer?
W：In summer, it's usually very hot, so I like going swimming. What about summer here?
M：It's not hot at all. Summer here is a very comfortable season.
W：You must love living in this city, Charles.
M：Certainly. I fell in love with it right after I moved here at twelve years old.
W：Wow, you've lived here for eight years.
M：Yes.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

(Text 10)
My name is Bob Brown. I'm fifteen years old. Now I'm a freshman in Information Technology High School. Today, I will introduce something about my school. My school is a public school in Queens, New York. The school building is located on 44th Road in Long Island City and was built on the former site of a factory. The school is part of the New York City Department of Education school system. Opened in 2003, Information Technology High School is a high school with about 1,005 students from grade 9 through 12.79% of the students are boys. Most of the students are from Spanish-speaking countries. One of my best friends Tim is from Argentina. He is one year older than me. Thanks to him, I quickly got used to the high school life. Besides, all of the teachers are nice and funny, especially my head teacher, Mr. William. I love my school very much!
其次部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

作者的妈妈是一名护士，为了能接送作者上学，很多年来始终上夜班。

她在节假日也要上班，这让作者格外难过，不能理解妈妈。

但当自己的祖母生病住院时，他在医院的所见所闻让他理解了作为护士的妈妈，从而对妈妈更加鄙视了。

21．答案与解析：A细节理解题。

依据第一段中的“My mother, a nurse at Stony Brook University Hospital, worked at night so that she could come home in time to send me to school.”可知，妈妈晚上工作，这样她能准时回家送作者上学。

故选A。

22．答案与解析：C推理推断题。

依据其次段中的“She often had to work on holidays, even
on New Year's Eve, which made me unhappy.”以及“‘Why do you have to work on this day of all
days？’ I'd ask sadly. ‘They need me, too, dear son，’ she'd say.”可知，作者的妈妈在节假日要上班，这让作者很难过，因此他期望在节假日里妈妈能在家陪他。

故选C。

23．答案与解析：B推理推断题。

依据第三段中的“For a long time I didn't understand why she should care so much about those sick strangers. Recently, as my grandmother became ill, I found myself spending more time in the hospital.”以及第四段中的“What I saw helped me understand why my mother was devoted to her occupation (职业)．”可知，当祖母生病住院后，他在医院的所见所闻让他理解了作为护士的妈妈。

故选B。

B
【语篇解读】本文以Quizlet为例，说明白此类应用程序对语言学习者来说是有用的学习工具。

24．答案与解析：C细节理解题。

依据Thorne和Strack两位英语老师在同学身上发觉了进步和其次段中的“He and Thorne are part of a growing number of language educators adding mobile apps to their classes”可知，Strack和Thorne为了提高教学质量，都允许同学们在课堂上使用mobile apps。

25．答案与解析：A细节理解题。

依据第三段中的“When they use apps, language learners communicate more differently than in a traditional classroom. Users act on or respond to something, instead of just listening to new information.”和第四段中的“Thorne believes that apps can help learners become more active in learning.”以及第五段中的“The biggest improvement Strack has seen in his students is that they are much more active in whole-class or small-group discussions.”可知，使用mobile apps之后，同学们在课堂上表现更加活跃，学习更加乐观。

26．答案与解析：D推理推断题。

依据最终一段中的“Many existing learning apps are designed for students of all ages and levels. Some are designed for group activities. Some support independent learning. Still some are good for homework.”可知，现存的学习软件有各自的用途。

27．答案与解析：D标题归纳题。

本文主要介绍了手机应用程序对语言学习者的挂念。

因
此，D选项适合作文章的标题。

C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。

阅读力量对孩子的学习格外重要，因此家长要留意对孩子阅读力量的早期培育。

28．答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知，本文主要说明白孩子们阅读力量的早期培育对他们以后的学习格外重要这一观点；首段的第一句正是说明白文章的主题，故选A项。

29．答案与解析：C考查细节理解。

依据第三段中的“Young children，for example，see people around them reading newspapers, books, maps, and signs”和第四段中的“by letting their children know they enjoy reading themselves”可知，孩子会效仿家长的做法，家长的阅读习惯会影响孩子，故选C项。

30．答案与解析：B考查词义猜想。

依据画线词后的“an understanding of print by talking with their preschoolers... themselves”可知，作者建议家长通过与学龄前儿童谈论在四周环境中见到的标牌和通过让孩子们知道他们的父母自己也宠爱阅读让孩子了解出版物，由此可知家长可以通过这种方式培育孩子对印刷品的了解，故选B项。

31．答案与解析：D考查细节理解。

依据第五段中的“Care must be taken during these early years not to put too much stress on the learning-to-read process”可知，在早期阶段家长不要过度强调学习阅读的过程，故选D项。

D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了吃饭时适当延长三到四分钟对孩子们有好处，可保持健康预防肥胖。

32．答案与解析：B细节理解题。

文章第一段前两句Parents can cut the chances of their children getting fat simply by keeping them longer at table. Just three minutes extra at a family mealtime could help prevent child obesity.可知，父母适当延长孩子们吃饭的时间，可保持他们的健康预防肥胖。

33．答案与解析：C细节理解题。

依据文章其次段Dr Barbara Fiese said，“Children, whose families have a 20-minute meal over four times a week，weigh less than kids who leave the table after 15 to 17 minutes.可知吃饭时间最好为20分钟，故选C。

34．答案与解析：D细节理解题。

依据文章第一段The factors are likely to be communication and the importance of a scheduled mealtime.可知吃饭的时候人们可以沟通，故较长的用餐时间会对正常体重产生影响。

35．答案与解析：B推理推断题。

依据最终一段“Three to four extra minutes per meal will make a healthy weight more possible.”可知为了保持一个健康的体重，Dr Fiese建议大家可适当延长3～4分钟的吃饭时间。

故选B。

其次节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，就如何成为一位好的倾听者向读者供应了四条建议。

36．答案与解析：G本空为过渡句，下文谈了四条建议，所以这里应当选G项以引出下文。

37．答案与解析：E选项E中的If so与上文谈到的换位思考相承接，说明假如这样做的话，问题将会被更快地解决。

故选E项。

38．答案与解析：B本空是细节句，本段主要讲的是避开比较他人和自己的经受，空后一句中的That是对空处内容的指代，故选B项。

39．答案与解析：A本空是本段的主题句，本段主要讲的是不要急于想对策，要充分了解以后才可以更好地挂念他人，故选A项。

40．答案与解析：D本空为细节句，从本段结构可知，这里是和上下句并列的建议，依据上下文及本段首句“知道不要做什么”可知，应选D项。