语篇专练：Unit 4 Global warming

语篇专练4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Besides containing attractive flowers，trees and other plants that beautify the community，eco­friendly rain gardens are healthy for the environment and the people living and working nearby.
A rain garden is not very different from a traditional garden.It is just a far more eco­friendly ually it is built lower than the ground.Rain gardens make smart use of rain and storm water by temporarily (暂时地) holding water from rain and storms and letting it soak (浸入) slowly into the ground before it runs into streams or enters the public drinking water supply. Thus，a rain garden keeps the water，allowing it to be used as needed by plants in the rain garden，rather than flowing immediately into nearby streams and going unused.The water will soak slowly into the ground within a day or two.This creates an advantage that the rain garden does not allow mosquitoes (蚊子) to breed.This is a simple，attractive，and eco­friendly “green” way to treat storm water.
What’s more，planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.Without using expensive machinery and chemicals，rain gardens remove harmful chemicals in the rainwater and cut down on the amount of pollution reaching streams and rivers by up to 30%.
Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.They may attract local wildlife such as native birds.Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.Once the native plants establish the necessary root system，it will require little care.
Often，local governments and private businesses develop large rain gardens in their yards and in public parks as a way to improve the environment and solve flooding problems.However，you don’t need to be a professional environmental engineer to create a rain garden.As long as you’re eco­conscious homeowners，you can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.
1．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A．water in native plants B．nearby stream water
C．rain and storm water D．public drinking water
答案C
解析代词指代题。

根据第二段“...by temporarily(暂时地) holding water from rain and storms
and letting it soak(浸入) slowly into the ground...”可推断it在文中指代rain and storm water，故C项正确。

2．Which of the following is the eco­friendly function of rain gardens discussed in Paragraph 4? A．They can keep the rain and storm water.
B．They can help reduce the pollution problem.
C．They can be healthy for the people around.
D．They can make the environment more beautiful.
答案B
解析细节理解题。

第四段主要讲述了雨花园减少污染的好处，故B项正确。

3．One of the main reasons why native plants are recommended is that .
A．they cost less and are much easier to get
B．they may attract local wildlife to come
C．they require little care from the local gardeners
D．they are more used to the local growing conditions
答案D
解析细节理解题。

根据第五段中“...because they are more used to the local climate，soil，and water conditions.”可知，推荐选用本地植物的最大原因是它们更加适应本地的生长环境。

4．Which of the following statements is TRUE about rain gardens?
A．They need little water after all the plants are planted.
B．They usually need at least an inch of rainwater a week.
C．They may attract local birds and change the local climate.
D．They may reduce the water pollution problem by 70%.
答案B
解析推理判断题。

根据第五段中“Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week，unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.”可推知，雨花园平均每周大约需要一英寸的降雨量。

B
Although our reliance on fossil fuels(化石燃料) has created global warming，we now have the opportunity to begin a transformation towards a clean energy economy—one that is supported by highly efficient industries，fueled by clean，renewable resources，like wind，solar and geothermal (地热的) energy，and based on modern smart transportation planning.
A clean energy economy is a win for American jobs.Studies by leading research institutions have shown that if we invest in clean energy over fossil fuels，we will create more American jobs.A report released by the United Steelworkers and the Sierra Club，for example，found that thanks to
the growth of wind energy，about 5,200 manufacturing jobs could be created in Iowa alone over the next decade.Additional studies have found that thousands more jobs could be created in other states that have suffered industry job losses and that welcome the opportunity to train workers for the new energy economy.
But，in order to fully transit to a clean energy economy，we need our elected officials to take action.Without policies from the government，the private field may continue to invest in old­fashioned，polluting technologies.More than 70 coal plants without technology to capture carbon pollution are now being considered.If these projects go ahead，this will be billions of dollars invested in technology that is outdated and not “clean coal”．We need effective policies to push growing clean energy industries forward.
Each of us can play a role in bringing about this much­needed transition.Tell your business and elected leaders that the next generation deserves to grow up in a world powered by clean energy.Tell your mayor that you want city planning that encourages more efficient new buildings and sidewalks and bike paths that make it easy to walk or ride a bike.Tell your state and national officials to invest in energy grids (电力网) that can deliver renewable energy to everyone.Tell your company that instead of old­style coal power you want to buy solar，wind，or geothermal energy.Tell your elected officials that you want national policies that encourage investors to make long­term commitments to clean energy.
5．The underlined part “a transformation” in Paragraph 1 refers to “”．
A．a change from fossil fuels to clean energy
B．a choice for fossil fuels
C．a chance of developing modern industries
D．a choice for global warming
答案A
解析词义猜测题。

前面指化石燃料，后面提到用干净的能源，两者之间是一种改变，故答案为A。

6．According to Paragraph 2，a clean energy economy .
A．has helped develop more wind energy
B．is quite beneficial to ordinary people
C．has developed fast in most states of the US
D．is valued by the governments around the world
答案B
解析推理判断题。

根据第二段第二句中的“...if we invest in clean energy over fossil fuels，we will create more American jobs.”可推断，它能够增加就业机会，对普通人很有好处，故答案为B。

7．Which of the following is a major concern to the government according to the passage? A．Investments in clean energy.
B．Coal plants without advanced technology.
C．Technology for capturing carbon pollution.
D．Policies on the good use of clean energy.
答案D
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“Without policies from the government...”和最后一句“We need effective policies to push growing clean energy industries forward.”可知，答案为D。

8．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Everyone can contribute to the clean energy.
B．Citizens have the right to talk to the mayor.
C．Elected leaders should be responsible for the next generation.
D．More investments should be put into energy grids.
答案A
解析段落大意题。

第四段首句“Each of us can play a role in bringing about this much­needed transition.”提出了论点，下文为具体措施，故答案为A。

Ⅱ.完形填空
James sat outside the office waiting for the interview.He felt so 1 that he didn’t know what to do with 2 .The person who had gone in 3 him had been in there for nearly an hour.And she looked so confident when she went in. 4 James.
He felt 5 that she had already got the 6 .The problem was that he wanted this job 7 .It meant 8 to him.He had 9 it such a lot before the day of the interview.He had imagined himself 10 brilliantly at the interview and 11 the job immediately.But now here he was feeling 12 .He couldn’t 13 all those things he had 14 to say.At that moment，he almost decided to get up and 15 .But no—he had to do this.He had spent so much time considering it that he couldn’t 16 like that.
His hands were hot and sticky and his mouth felt dry.At last，the door of the office opened.The woman who had gone in an hour earlier，came out looking very 17 with herself.She smiled sympathetically(同情地) at James.At that moment James 18 her.The managing director then appeared at the office door.“Would you like to come in now，Mr.Davis? I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.”James suddenly 19 that he had gone home after all.He got up，legs 20 and forehead sweating，and wondered whether he looked as terrified as he felt.
1．A.healthy B．nervous
C．careless D．confident
答案B
解析根据下文可以看出，此处应为“紧张”。

2．A.the managing director
B．the woman
C．himself
D．the situation
答案C
解析从短文的情景看，显然是James自己不知如何是好。

3．A.by B．with
C．before D．after
答案C
解析根据句意看，在他“前面”已进去了一位应聘者。

4．A.Not like B．So did
C．Do as D．Do like
答案A
解析该文除了James之外，还谈到了另一个应聘者(a woman)的情况。

James紧张，woman 自信，两人形成了对比。

5．A.doubtful B．sure
C．angry D．astonishing
答案B
解析由于自己紧张，女应聘者自信，再加上女应聘者“had been in there for nearly an hour”，所以该空用sure符合短文大意。

6．A.reward B．first
C．prize D．job
答案D
解析应聘的目的就是为了得到“工作”。

7．A.hopelessly B．naturally
C．easily D．eagerly
答案D
解析从下文可以看出，James“很”想得到这份工作。

8．A.everything B．happiness
C．difficulty D．nothing
答案A
解析因为“极想得到这份工作”，所以“It meant everything to him”。

happiness过于具体、片面。

9．A.heard from B．learned of
C．thought about D．talked about
答案C
解析应聘之前已经仔细“考虑”过了。

10．A.explaining B．performing
C．answering D．writing
答案B
解析explaining，answering，writing都是表示单项的、具体的动作。

performing可以表示应聘面试时总的表现情况，填在空缺处更符合文意。

11．A.offered B．asked for
C．being offered D．being asked for
答案C
解析他曾想象着自己能表现良好，招聘人立刻就“给”他这份工作。

由于主语是他，所以该处应用被动式。

12．A.crazy B．excited
C．probable D．terrible
答案D
解析but表示语意上的转折，说明现在的感觉与前一天自己的想象截然不同。

feeling 后应填一个表示“糟糕”的词。

13．A.depend on B．afford
C．believe in D．remember
答案D
解析由于紧张，此时“想不起来”也属正常。

14．A.kept B．been taught
C．planned D．been supplied
答案C
解析“打算”要说的话。

15．A.leave B．go in
C．prepare D．practise
答案A
解析从下文的内容看，他几乎要站起来离开，而不是进去。

16．A.take back B．put off
C．give up D．put down
答案C
解析take back “收回”，常用作及物动词；put off “推迟”、“延期”，也常用作及物动词；give up“放弃”，可作及物动词也可作不及物动词；put down“写下来，镇压”，常用作及物动词。

此处只有give up符合句意。

17．A.ugly B．pleased
C．sad D．pretty
答案B
解析从smile看，那位女士对自己很“满意”。

18．A.noticed B．lived
C．missed D．hated
答案D
解析此时表示James 的心理，那位女士同他争工作，James心里自然有点“恨”她。

19．A.thought B．hoped
C．wished D．regretted
答案C
解析that he had gone home after all是虚拟语气形式，表达的是与事实相反的意义。

四个选项中，只有wish可带这样的宾语从句。

20．A.shaking B．bending
C．walking D．stopping
答案A
解析轮到James进去面试了，此时他更加紧张，不仅额头出汗，而且腿也在“颤抖”。