高考英语推理判断+泛读一轮练习(11)及答案

四川射洪县2018高考英语推理判断+泛读一轮练习（11）及答案
【高考阅读理解----推理判断】(2017·湖南省六校联盟联考)
I told my friend Graham that I often cycle two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route. He replied, “You mean fortunately.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.
My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.
Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote, “The character cannot be developed with ease. Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.”
One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time we all face hardships, problems, accidents and difficulties. Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose adversity, we can choose our attitude towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said, “Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this or that. That's nonsense. Make up your mind, and you'll never use crutches or a stick, and then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”
The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won. Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.
文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

“我”骑自行车去镇中心要经过山地，“我”经历了从开始的抱怨到将山地当作锻炼契机的过程。

人生之旅也是如此，我们要有战胜
生活中的艰难的勇气。

[段意梳理]
第一段：“我”的朋友Graham建议“我”把骑自行车从家到镇中心要经过山地当成锻炼。

第二段：“我”听从了朋友的建议，视沿途的山地为锻炼的好地方。

第三段：人生之旅就如同沿途的这座山地，并不是一帆风顺的，也需要克服艰难险阻。

第四段：成功的关键是面对困难的态度。

第五段：Douglas Bader面对双腿截肢仍坚持飞行梦想，成为战争中的英雄。

第六段：总结全文——成功人士成功的关键是面对困难的态度。

[难句分析] Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free.
分析：该句为主从复合句，句中who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles为定语从句，修饰先行词people；when I can get the same value for
free为when引导的时间状语从句。

译文：与我免费获得的锻炼效果一样，我想那些花钱去健身房用固定式健身自行车锻炼的人是愚蠢的；最后我以此安慰自己。

❾Which of the following is true according to the author of the passage？____A____ A．Those who want to achieve success can't expect to live an easy life.
B．Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.
C．Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to people's health.
D．People's attitude to hardships is the only factor of their Success.
解析：考查推理判断。

根据第三段的第二句“We ca nnot achieve anything with an easy
life”可知，简单容易的生活不会使我们取得成功；据此可以推断，想要成功就不要期望过容易的生活，故A项正确。

○10By quoting what Douglas Bader said, the author intends to tell us“____C____”．A．Failure is the mother of success
B．A bad workman quarrels with his tools
C．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try
D．If you risk nothing, you will have nothing
解析：考查目的意图。

根据第五段Douglas Bader所讲的“Make up your mind, and
you'll never use crutches or a stick, and then have a go at
everything...impossible”可知，Douglas
Bader认为面对困难应当勇敢尝试，不要听信别人所言的太困难或不可能，没有什么克服不了的困难；据此可以判断，作者引用Douglas
Bader的话旨在说明，对于勇于尝试的人来说，世界上没有克服不了的困难。

故C项正确。

○11Following this passage, the author will further talk about ____C____.
A．how his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced B．why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble
C．what steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face
D．what great people have in common
解析：考查推理判断。

根据文章最后一句“Nevertheless，there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards
adversity”可知，如何改变面对困难的态度仍然是一个问题；据此可以判断，下文将就此问题作进一步的阐述。

故C项正确。

○12Which of the following can best function as the title of the passage？____B____ A．Different attitudes towards misfortune
B．Face difficulties with a smile
C．Nothing is impossible
D．Life is full of adversity
解析：考查标题判断。

通读全文可知，本文作者通过叙述将骑自行车经过的山地视为锻炼的机会及Helen Keller和Douglas
Bader的故事说明，成功的关键是面对困难的积极态度。

故B项最能概括主题。

（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。

体裁：记叙文话题：个人情感词数：721 时间：8′
I was no different from any other mother.
When my little boy, Skyler, was born, I longed for the day he would talk to me.My husband and I dreamed about the first sweet“Mama”or“Dada”．Every cry or coo was a small glimpse into my son's mind.
My baby's noises were even more precious to me because Skyler had been born with several health problems.At first, the problems had delayed his development, but once they were safely behind us, I looked
forward to my son's first words.They didn't come.
At age three，Skyler was diagnosed as autistic(自闭症的)，a developmental disability destined to affect his social and emotional well-being throughout his entire life.Skyler couldn't talk—wouldn't talk.I would probably never hear any words from him at all.In a store, I would hear a child calli ng “Mommy”， and I would wonder if that was what my little boy might sound like.I wondered how it would feel to hear my child call out for me.
But I could have learned to live with his silence if it weren't for another hallmark characteristic of autism：Skyler formed no attachments.He didn't want to be held, much preferring to lie in his bed or sit in his car seat.He wouldn't look at me; sometimes, he even looked through me.
Once, when I took him to the doctor, we talked to a specialist who was of my size, age and who had the same hair color as me.When it was time to go, Skyler went to her instead of me—he couldn't tell us apart.When Skyler was three, he spent three days at Camp Courageous for disabled children in Iowa, and when he returned he didn't even recognize me.
The pain was almost unbearable.My own son didn't even know I was his mother.
I hid the pain, and we did the best we could for Skyler.We enrolled him in our local area educational agency preschool, where the teachers and speech pathologist worked hard to help Skyler connect with the world around him.They used pictures and computer voice-machines that spoke for him, and sign language.These devices gave me little glimpses of who Skyler was, even if he didn't understand who I was.“Hewilltalk，” thespeechpathologistinsisted, butinside,_ Ihadgivenuphope.
The one dream I couldn't let go was to have Skyler understand that I was his mom.Even if I never heard him say “Mom”， I wanted to see the recognition in his eyes.
The summer of Skyler's fourth year was when it started.A smoldering (郁积的) ember of understanding in him sparked, and fanned by our efforts, steadily flamed.His first words were hardly recognizable, often out of context, never spontaneous.Then, slowly, he could point to an item and say a word.Then two words together as a request.Then spontaneous words.Each day, he added more and more recognizable words, using them to identify pictures and ask questions.We could see his understanding increase, till his eyes would seek out mine, wanting to comprehend.
“You Mom？” he said one day.
“Yes, Skyler, I'm Mom.”
He asked his teachers and caregivers, “You Mom？”
“No, Skyler, not Mom.”
“You my Mom？” he said back to me.
“Yes, Skyler, I'm your Mom.”
And finally, a rush of understanding in his eyes, “You my Mom.”
“Yes, Skyler, I'm your Mom.”
If those had been Skyler's only words ever, they would have been enough for me：My son knew I was his mother.
But Skyler wasn't done.
One evening I leaned against the headboard on Skyler's bed, my arms wrapped around him.He was cozily tucked between my legs, our bodies warm and snug as I read to him from one of his favorite books—a typical affectionate(深情的) scene between mother and son, but because of Skyler's autism, one that I could never take for granted.
I stopped reading.Skyler had interrupted me, leaning back his head so he could look me in the eyes. “Yes, Skyler？”
And then the voice of an angel, the voice of my son, “I love you, Mom.”
【语篇解读】
本文真实地记录了作者作为一位自闭症孩子的母亲的心路历程。

从发现孩子生病，到接受孩子的各种病症，再到努力为孩子安排康复课程，最后孩子取得了可喜的进步，文章处处都流露出一位母亲对孩子无私、深沉的爱。

1．According to the description of the author, we can learn that Skyler________．
A．could easily have a cold
B．usually preferred to stay alone
C．could only recognize his doctor
D．frequently lost temper
答案 B
[考查细节理解。

根据本文第四段和第五段的内容可知患有自闭症的孩子不仅有语言障碍，在社交上也不喜欢与人接触，作者的儿子更喜欢一个人躺在床上或者坐在车座上。

]
2．The author felt the most heartbroken when ________．
A．Skyler was diagnosed with autism
B．a child in a store called her “Mommy”
C.she realized Skyler didn't know who she was
D．she found Skyler was born with several health problems
答案 C
[考查细节理解。

根据文章第七段的内容可知，作者感到几乎无法承受的痛苦是因为自己的儿子不认识自己(妈妈)。

]
3．What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．The author had little hope that Skyler would talk.
B．The author decided to give up the treatments for Skyler.
C．The author was disappointed with the speech pathologist.
D．The author strongly believed that Skyler would make progress.
答案 A
[考查句意理解。

根据上下文可知，此处指虽然语言病理学医生坚持说Skyler能学会说话，但身为妈妈的作者内心已经放弃这种希望。

所以画线句应该是指作者对儿子能说话不抱太多的希望。

故选A。

]
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Skyler traveled around the world with his teachers.
B．The family was so frustrated that they lost hope.
C．The author never heard Skyler say “Mom”．
D．Skyler's language ability grew little by little.
答案 D
[考查推理判断。

根据文章第十段可知Skyler在四岁时，语言能力开始慢慢有了进步，从只能说模糊难辨的单词，到可以指着一件物品说出它的名字，再到能问问题，他已经一步一步取得了可喜的进步。

故选D。

]
5．From the last few paragraphs, we can infer that ________．
A．the author was grateful that her efforts paid off
B．Skyler could not only talk but also read
C．mom was the only word Skyler could say
D．the author had high expectations for Skyler
答案 A
[考查推理判断。

根据文章后半部分的内容，尤其是第十段的第二句可知，作者的付出得到了回报，作者对此心存感激。

故选A。

]
6．What's the best title for the passage?
A．Road to Speaking B．What Is Autism?
C．A Caring Mother D．Talk to Kids
答案 A
[考查标题判断。

文章以记录一位自闭症孩子的母亲的心路历程为切入点，讲的是一个自闭症孩子慢慢学会讲话的艰难过程，故A项作文章标题最佳。

]
（社会生活、说理议论）[2014·安徽卷] E
You may not have heard of Ashoka, but for the past 27 years, this association，founded by Bill Drayton, has fought poverty(贫困) and sickness, promoted education and encouraged small businesses. To support the se worthy causes, Ashoka provides money for the world's most promising“changemakers” seeking to solve(解决) urgent problems and would like to create a world in which every citizen is a changemaker.
Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change. The important thing is to simply give yourself permission. If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it. The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy contributing adult. In fact, it is many young people's ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions. An excellent example is an Ashoka project started in 1995 in Dhaka，which handled the rubbish problem facing the city, helped local farmers and provided an income for poor people there.
When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish that lay in Dhaka's streets, attracting rats and disease, they discovered that 80% of it was natural waste. So they educated the poor people in the city to compost(把……制成堆肥) this waste. They knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling with chemical fertilizers(化肥)
which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the soil over the years. At first, they were refused, but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made, the project took off. In 2009 sales were $14，000.
Drayton is optimistic that in ten years Ashoka will be making really serious, practical progress in bringing about social change by changing the way we look at economic development.
72．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A．Changemakers B．Businessmen
C．Social conditions D．Rubbish problems
73．The underlin ed word “them” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to “________”．
A．the local farmers
B．Masqsood and Iftekhar
C．Drayton and his team
D．the poor people in Dhaka
74．It can be concluded from the passage that anyone can become a changemaker if he________．A．considers Drayton's concept
B．gets permission from Ashoka
C．tries to improve social conditions
D．is a young, happy and healthy adult
75．The author's attitude towards Ashoka's programme can be described as “________”．A．changing B．forgiving
C．cautious D．positive。