法律英语常用词汇(一)

法律英语词汇

一、有关机构的词汇

司法部门，司法的judiciary

法院court

基层人民法院Basic People's Court

中级人民法院Intermediate People's Court

高级人民法院High People's Court

最高人民法院Supreme People's Court

专门人民法院special people's court

军事法院military court

海事法院maritime court

铁路运输法院railway transport court

审委会judicial committee

合议庭collegial panel

侦查机关public security inspectorate

检察机关procuratorate

公诉机关public prosecution organ

公安局public security bureau

派出所public security station

地方人民检察院local people's procuratorate

人民调解委员会the people's conciliation committees 居民委员会neighborhood committee

村民委员会village committee

民政部门civil affairs department

二、有关身份和称谓的词汇

公民citizen

法人legal person

未成年人minor

成年人adult

外国人alien

无国籍人stateless person

无诉讼行为能力人person with no legal capacity 监护人guardian

个体工商户Individual business

农村承包经营户leaseholding farm household

个人合伙individual partnership

法官judge

代理审判员acting judge

陪审员assessor

陪审团jury

检察官prosecutor

代理检察员acting prosecutor

公诉人public prosecutor

当事人party, litigant

法定代表人legal representative

代理人agent

诉讼代理人Agents ad Litem

法定代理人statutory agent

原告complainant；plaintiff；prosecutor；accuser 共同原告co-plaintiff

被告defendant；the accused

共同被告co-defendant

上诉人petitioner

被上诉人appellee, respondent

受害者victim

犯人convict

惯犯habitual offender

犯罪分子offender

律师lawyer attorney

公证人public notary

监狱长warden

证人witness

书记员clerk

翻译人员interpreter

鉴定人expert witnesse

勘验人inspection personnel

外国企业foreign enterprise

债权人creditor

债务人debtor

要约人offeror

受要约人offeree

作者author

三、有关程序的词汇

案件case

办案handle a case

诉讼lawsuit

案由nature of case

案件受理费litigation fee

起诉initiate legal proceeding，sue, file a lawsuit

反诉counter-claim

公诉public prosecution

公诉书bill of indictment

仲裁arbitration

合议panel hearing

回避withdrawal

公开审判public trial

两审终审原则the court of second instance being that of last instance 审判权judicial power

住所domicile

惯常居所地habitual residence

财产所在地situs

公告public announcement

书证documentary evidence

物证material evidence

视听资料audio-visual material

证人证言testimony of witness

传闻证据hearsay

当事人陈述statements of the parties

鉴定结论expert conclusion

勘验笔录records of inspection

质证cross-examine

上诉appeal

提起上诉file an appeal

申请执行apply for execution

独立审判independent adjudication

发回重审remand a lawsuit for a new trial