美国文学总结

Colonial 1607-1765 and Revolutionary 1765-18c末Period （17世纪-18世纪末）

一、Colonial writers

1. John Smith (约翰·史密斯) “ the first autho r” in American literature

A True Relation of Virginia 关于佛吉尼亚的真实叙述“ the first book” in American literature

2. William Bradford the first governor of Plymouth 普利茅斯

3. John Winthrop A Model of Christian Charity 基督教之爱

清教徒主义作家

Anne Bradstreet The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America 最近在美洲出现的第十位缪斯

Jonathan Edwards The Freedom of the Will The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended

The Nature of True Virtue

二、启蒙时期和独立战争时期

1. Benjamin Franklin 启蒙运动代表人物one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America Poor Richard’s Almanac ( 格言历书) 代表作：The Autobiography 早期美国梦的反映

2. Roger Williams Puritanical dissenter 清教反对者

3. Thomas Paine the Father of American Revolution美国独立之父

The Common Sense the greatest of the Revolutionary pamphlets

The Age of Reason The Rights of Man支持了法国革命The American Crisis鼓励殖民地抵抗英国军队4.Philip Freneau 菲利普·弗伦诺

the Father of American Poetry美国诗歌之父 a poet of the American Revolution革命诗人

The Rising Glory of America美洲光辉的兴起The Wild Honey Suckle 野金银花

The Indian Burying Ground印第安人的殡葬地首次创造the Noble Savage 高贵的野蛮人

5.Thomas Jefferson 美第三任总统Agrarians 重农主义代表人物Declaration of Independence

`````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` American Romanticism (提倡个人主义) 美国的文艺复兴18世纪末---19世纪中后期

一、早期浪漫主义

1. Washington Irving华盛顿·欧文the Father of American Literature美国文学之父indigenous humour The Sketch Book marked the beginning标志美国浪漫主义的开始第一个赢得国际声誉

包括：The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷传说Rip Van Winkle The Alhambra等7部

A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty纽约外史诙谐杰作

2. James Fennimore Cooper 费尼莫尔·库伯西进运动边疆小说

Leatherstocking Tale皮袜子故事集5部曲about the frontier life of American settlers

包括：The Pioneers拓荒者The Last of Mohicans最后的莫西干人（Natty Bumpoo班波）、The Prairie草原The Pathfinder探路者The Deerslayer杀鹿者

The Spy 间谍The Pilot 领航者

二、超验主义作家

1. Ralph Waldo Emerson New England Transcendentalism

Nature论自然the manifesto of American Transcendentalism超验主义宣言超验主义理论的圣经The American Scholar美国学者指出美学者应创造自己的文学风格，不应盲从Self-Reliance论自立2. Henry David Thoreau亨利·大卫·梭罗Walden瓦尔登湖超验主义作品

Civil Disobedience论公民之不服从

Nathaniel Hawthorne 霍桑human soul symbolism象征主义大师

The Scarlet Letter红字代表作Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇

The Marble Faun玉石雕像Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼·布朗