同位语从句及同位语

10级A班第六组作业

同位语从句

一、同位语从句的概念在复合句中用作名词的从句叫同位语从句, 其主要用途就是对前面的名词做进一步解释说明该名词的具体内容。

可以跟同位语从句的名词通常就

是: news,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message ,suggestion,word, possibility,order,fear,proof,belief,advise,demand,problem,request,truth,wish 例句: I just got word that he is not coming this evening 、

Wehaven 't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summervacation 、The Mona Lisa is widely seen as proof that good looks can last for ever

There is no doubt that he is guilty 、

There is great doubt whether he did so or not 、

二.同位语从句的先行词同位语从句的先行词通常就是抽象名词, 常见的有:idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, news, order, ability 例句:

等等。How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new

clothes in him? 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣, 对这个问题骗子就是怎样解释的? The news that his heath is failing made us sad 、

她健康状况不佳的消息使我们很难过。

I have no idea where they are spending their holidays 、我不知道她们在哪里度假。

The question who should do the work requires consideration 、谁该干这项工作的问题需要考虑

There is no doubt that he will come here again 、她会再来这里, 这就是毫无疑问的。He was tortured by the doubt whether he would accept their presents 、她被就是否接受她们的礼物这个疑虑所折磨着。

三.同位语从句的引导词

1、连词that 引导同位语从句

The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong 、您认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法就是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）

He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane 她拿起了手提箱, 给人的印象就是她要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

以下名词常用于以上句型:

advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought, treat, warning, wish, word

【注意1】 在某些名词（如dema nd, wish, suggestio n, resolution 等）后面的同位语从

句要用虚

拟语气。如： There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team 、 有一项建议就是布朗应该离队。 The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman 、 采纳新规则的建议就是主席提出的。 The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried 、 允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。 I can un dersta nd their eager ness that you should be the main sp

eaker 、 我理解她们希望您作主要发言人的殷切心情。 【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词

that 通常不省略，在非正式语体中that 可以省略。 He gabbed his suitcase and gave the imp ressi on he was board ing the Tokyo plane 、 她拿起了手提箱，给人的印象就是她要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2、 连词whether 引导同位语从句 The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor 、我们就是否请专家由家庭医生来定。 We are not in vestigat ing the questi on whether he is trustworthy 、 我们不就是在调查她就是否可以信任的问题。 【注意】 whether 可引导同位语从句，但if 不能引导同位语从句。 whether "就是否”可以引导：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句。 if “就是否”，只能引导宾语从句与表语从句 3、 其它引导词引导的同位语从句 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 1） 、I have no idea what size shoes she wears

定语） 2） 、I have no idea which wine is best — it 'a matter of personal taste

知道哪种酒最好，这就是个人口味的问题。（which 作定语）

3） 、 The question who will take his place is still not clear 4、 连接副词引导同位语从句 连接畐y 词 when, where, how, why We have n'tyet settled the questi on where we are going to spend our summer vacation 、至U 哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 四.同位语从句的用法 掌握同位语从句的用法要注意以下两个问题 ： 1、 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面 整个句子的结构显得平衡，即为分离同位语从句。例如 He got the n ews from Mary that the sports meet ing was put off 获知了运动会被推迟的消息。 // Word came that Hussein had bee n cap tured 被捕的消息传来。 2、 同位语从句与定语从句结构相似，通常位于某一名词或代词后面，但两者存在明显 区别：同位语从句对名词性成分加以补充说明 ，就是该名词性成分具体内容的体现 （相当于 名词的作用）。that 弓I 导的同位语从句中引导词 that 不在该同位语从句中充当句子成分 ， 但不能被省略，同位语从句还可以用 whether 、how 等连词引导（定语从句则不能）。定语从 句对先行词加以限制或修饰、

说明先行词的性质或特征 （相当于形容词的作用）,定语从句

,不能引导主语从

句。 引导同位语从句 、我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 、（who ,而就是被别的词隔开 (what 作 、我不 作主语） ,以使得 她从玛丽那里 、侯赛因已