有机化学专业词汇-英语
(完整word版)有机化学专业英语
(完整word版)有机化学专业英语烷基Alkyl [ˈælkil ］芳基aryl ［ˈæril ］甲基methyl [ˈmeθil]亚甲基methylene [ˈmeθili：n ］乙基ethyl [ˈeθil，ˈeθəl]丙基propyl [ˈprəupil］异丙基isopropyl [ˌaisəuˈprəupil]丁基butyl ［ˈbju：til]戊基pentyl [ˈpentil]己基hexyl ［ˈheksil］庚基heptyl ［ˈheptil］辛基octyl [ˈɔktəl]壬基nonyl ［ˈnɔnil］奎基decyl ［’desəl］[di:’s i l]叔丁基tert-butyl异丁基iso-butyl环戊基cyclopentyl [］环己基cyclohexyl ［]甲氧基methoxyl ［’metɒksɪl］乙氧基ethoxyl ［eˈθɔksil］丁氧基butoxyl酰基 acyl ［ˈæsil］甲酰基formyl ［ˈfɔ：mil]乙酰基acetyl ［ˈæsitil]乙烯基vinyl [ˈvaɪnəl］或ethenyl丁烯基butenyl ［ˈbjutənil]己烯基hexenyl庚烯基heptenyl ［ˈheptəˌnil］烯丙基allyl ［ˈælil]乙炔基ethinyl [eˈθainil]或alkynyl硝基nitro [ˈnaitrəu]亚硝基nitroso [naiˈtrəusəu］氨基amino ［əˈmi：nəʊ，ˈæməˌnəʊ］ 二氨基diamino亚氨基imino [ˈiminəu,iˈmi：nəu］重氮基diazo ［daiˈæzəu］苯基phenyl ［ˈfenəl,ˈfi：nəl，ˈfi:nil］ 苄基benzyl ［ˈbenzil］或phenmethyl [ˌfinˈmeθil]苯乙基phenethyl ［fenˈeθəl］乙氧苯基ethoxyphenyl 苯胺基anilino [ˈænili：n]羰基carbonyl [ˈkɑ：bənil］羧基carboxyl [kɑ:ˈbɔksil］联苯基biphenyl [baiˈfenl]甲酰基formyl [ˈfɔ：mil]苯酰，苯甲酰benzoyl ［’benzəʊɪl］脒基guanyl ［il］羟基hydroxyl [haiˈdrɔksil]烷氧基alkoxy [ælˈkɔksi］或alkoxyl group芳基 aryl group二芳基diaryl group ［daiˈæril］吡啶基pyridyl [ˈpiridil］三苯甲基trityl[’traɪtl］二苯甲基benzhydryl [benaɪd’raɪl]氨基甲酰基carbamoyl［kɑ:'bæməɪl］三甲基硅基trimethylsilyl炔丙基propargyl ［prəʊ’pɑ：dʒɪl]丙酮基(乙酰甲基）acetonyl ['æsɪtənɪl]正n，normal异iso邻位ortho—［ˈɔ：θəu］间位meta- ［'mɛtə］对位para—[ˈpɑ:rə］伯Primary [’praimәri]仲Secondary [’sekәndәri]叔Tertiary ［'tә：ʃәri］ tert-季碳quaternary [kwəˈtə：nəri] carbon一，单mono-二di-,双bis ，bi（化学中只有碳酸氢根才用bi，如bicarbonate [baiˈkɑ：bənit]）三tri-，tris四tetra- 四quadric-五penta—五quinque—六hexa—七hepta—七septi八octa-九nona—十deca- ［’dɛkə］十一undeca ，hendeca-十二dodeca-十三trideca-十四tetradeca(完整word版)有机化学专业英语十五pentadeca-十六hexadeca—十七heptadeca-顺式，cis—同，共syn反式trans有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物［]Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物[ˌhaɪdr əˈkɑ:b ən ］Alkane 烷［］Wax 蜡［]Paraffin wax 石蜡arene 芳烃[]Alkene 烯［］Alkyne 炔［ˈælkain]Acetylide 炔化物[］Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物acid ［ˈæsid]Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯[ˈdaii：n］Triene 三烯［ˈtraii:n ］Allene 丙二烯[ˈæli：n］Propylene丙烯［］cumulene 累积多烯[］Enyne 烯炔［eˈni：n]Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷［ˈælkil ˈhælaid］Alcohol 醇［]Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚[ˈi:θə]Ester 酯[ˈestə］Ketone 酮Aldehyde 醛[ˈældihaid]Epoxide 环氧化物［eˈpɔksaid]Sulfone 砜［ˈs ʌlf əun］Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfonic acid 磺酸Carboxylic acid 羧酸Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Nitro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺［］Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物［］［］Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷[daɪ,æzəʊ’ælkeɪn］Mercaptan 硫醇[]Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛［ˌhemiˈæsitæl］Acetal 缩醛acetal ［化］乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇［ˈæsitæl] Ketal 缩酮［ˈki ：tæl]thiazole 噻唑［ˈθai əˌzəul]Dithiane 二噻烷[daiˈθai ən]Aminal 缩醛胺；动物imine 亚胺[]Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟[］nitroso compound 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 醛肟,乙醛肟［ælˈdɔksi:m］Hydrazone 腙［ˈhaidrəˌzəun]Azine 嗪[ˈæzi:n]Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈, 氰醇［ˌsaiənəuˈhaidrin] Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇[ˈi:nɔl]Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯［ˈi：nɔl］［ˈest ə] Enamine 烯胺［i ˈn æmin］Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤[ˈæsil]Acyl fluoride 酰氟［] Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl bromide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘［ˈaiədaid］Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮［ˈki：ti:n］Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈[ˈnaitrail](完整word版)有机化学专业英语acetonitrile 乙腈［ˌæsitəuˈnaitril］或met hyl cyanide [ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd]Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈,异氰化物Amide 酰胺［ˈæmaid]Imide 二酰亚胺[ˈimaid]N—bromo compound N—溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼［］Azide 叠氮化物［ˈæzaid，ˈeizid]Acyl azide 酰基叠氮［ˈæsil］［ˈæzaid,ˈe izid]Amidine 脒[ˈæmiˌdi：n］Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈[ˈæsil］[ˈsaɪəˌnaɪd］Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯［ˈkɑ:bəmeit]Urea 脲，尿素［］Cyanamide 氨腈［saiˈænəmaid］Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺［,kɑ:bədai'imaid] Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯［ˌθaiəuˈestə］Thiol acid 硫羰酸[ˈθaiəu]Lactone 内酯[ˈlæktəun]Lactol 内半缩醛［ˈlæktəl]Macrolide 大环内酯［ˈmækrəlaid］Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterion两性离子［ˈtsvitəraiən]Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱[ˈbi:təi:n］Lactam 内酰胺[ˈlæktæm］Hydantoin 或glycolylurea 乙内酰脲［haiˈdæntəwin]Hydration水合，水合作用［haɪ'dreʃən] Peptide 肽[ˈpepˌtaɪd］Glycol 乙二醇[]Aldol 羟醛［ˈældəul]Acyloin 偶姻，酮醇［əˈsiləuin]acyloin condensation 酮醇缩合Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖[ˈældəus］Ketose 酮糖[ˈki：təus]Furanose 呋喃糖［ˈfjuərəˌnəus]Pyranose 吡喃糖［ˈpaiərənəus]Glycoside 糖苷[ˈɡlaikəˌsaid]Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元[əˈɡlaikɔn］Saccharide 糖类[ˈsækəraid］Oligosaccharide 寡糖[ˌɔliɡəuˈsækəraid] Polysaccharide 多糖[pɔliˈsækəraid］Alditol 糖醇[ˈælditɔl]Osazone 脎［ˈəusəˌzəun］Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物［æliˈsiklik］Cycloalkane 环烷Cycloalkene 环烯Spirane 螺烷[ˈspaiərein]Cage compound 笼型化合物Propellane 螺桨烷Rotazane 轮烷Catenane 索烃[ˈkætnein ］Fused ring 稠环［fju:zd riŋ]化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀—acetal 醛缩醇acetal—乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基'alkoxy- 烷氧基Methoxy甲氧基的-amide 酰胺[］amino- 氨基的[əˈmi:nəʊ，ˈæməˌnəʊ］-amidine 脒［ˈæmiˌdi:n]—amine 胺—ane 烷anhydride 酐[ænˈhaidraid]anilino- 苯胺基［ˈænili：n］aquo—含水aqueous水的，水成的[ˈeikwiəs］-ase 酶—ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮[ˈæzəu]azoxy—氧化偶氮—N=N（O)—(完整word版)有机化学专业英语hydrazo—氢化偶氮 -NH-NH—benzene 苯［ˈbenˌzi：n, benˈzi:n] bi —在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷[ˈbəurein]bromo—溴butyl 丁基.—carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro—氯代cis—顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca—十deci 10—1di二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二—ene 烯epi—表epoxy- 环氧［]-ester 酯—ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基［］ethyl 乙基fluoro—或fluor—氟代—form 仿—glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca—十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa—六hexadeca—十六-hydrin 醇hydro—氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo—低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺,酐-il 偶酰—imine 亚胺/iodine 碘[] iodo—碘代iso—异,等,同-ite 亚酸盐keto—酮ketone 酮—lactone 内酯mega —106meta- 间，偏methoxy—甲氧基methyl 甲基micro—10-6milli- 10-3mono—( mon—) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso—亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca—十九octa- 八octadeca —十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a ＄f! Q, H: ［5 n& G—one 酮ortho—邻，正，原—ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂—oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟［]oxo- 酮[]oxy- 氧化［］-oyl 酰para—对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚［ˈfi：nəl］phenyl 苯基[］pico—10—12poly—聚,多(完整word版)有机化学专业英语quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa—磺胺[]sym- 对称syn —顺式，同，共ter—三—tetra- 四tetradeca—十四tetrakis—四个thio- 硫代[］trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一。
有机化学英语词汇大全(音标,前后缀)
Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kai rәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】hin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】有机化学专业词汇Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位[腯Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal[化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基 'alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基 .-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a$ f! Q, H: [5 n& G-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半***i- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 -tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一 .uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇)Benzoic acid (苯甲酸)Ethanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸)Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine （N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）tetrakis[-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane （1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇) pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇)Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸） Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸) Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸) Sorbic acid （山梨酸）sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbit。
有机化学专业英语词汇
有机化学专业英语词汇（精）acetal 醛缩醇-ene 烯acetal- 乙酰epi-表acid 酸epoxy-环氧-al 醛-ester 酯alcohol 醇-ether 醚-aldehyde 醛ethoxy-乙氧基ethyl乙基alkali-碱allyl烯丙基［propenyl（丙烯基）］alkoxy-烷氧基fluoro-氟代-amide酰胺form 仿amino-氨基的-glycol 二醇-amidine 月米-amine 胺-ane 烷hemi-半anhydride 酐hendeca-十^一anilino-本胺基hepta-七aquo-含水的heptadeca-十七-ase 酶hexa-六-ate含氧酸的盐、酯hexadeca-十六-atriyne 三炔-hydrin 醇azo-偶氮hydro-氢或水hydroxyl 羟基benzene 苯hypo-低级的，次bi-在盐类前表示酸式盐hyper-高级的，高bis-双-borane 硼烷-ic酸的，高价金属bromo-澳-ide无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐butyl 」基-il偶酰-imine亚胺-carbinol 甲醇iodine 碘carbonyl 羰基iodo-碘代-carboxylic acid 羧酸iso-异，等，同centi- 10-2-ite亚酸盐chloro-氯代cis-顺式keto-酮ketone 酮condensed缩合的、冷凝的cyclo-环-lactone 内酯deca-十deci 10-1mega- 106-dine 啶meta-间，偏dodeca-十二methoxy-甲氧基methyl甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9 nitro-硝基nitroso-亚硝基nona-九nonadeca-十九octa-八octadeca-十八-oic酸的-ol醇-one 酮ortho-邻，正，原-ous亚酸的，低价金属oxa-氧杂-oxide氧化合物-oxime月亏oxo- 酮oxy-氧化-oyl 酰para-对位，仲penta-五pentadeca-十五per-高，过petro-石油phenol苯酚phenyl苯基pico- 10-12 poly-聚，多quadri-四quinque-五semi-半septi-七sesqui 一个半sulfa-磺胺sym-对称syn-顺式，同，共ter-三tetra-四tetradeca-十四tetrakis-四个thio-硫代trans-反式，超，跨thio-硫代tri-三trideca-十三tris-三个undeca-十一uni-单，一unsym-不对称的，偏位-yl基-ylene撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy 键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution 构造contiguration 构型conformation 构象stereochemistry 立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer 构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation 重叠式构象staggered conformation 交叉式构象newman projection 纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud链状化合物carbocyclic compound 碳环化合物heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment 偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property 物理性质melting point 熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism 反应机理homolysis 均裂free redical 自由基heterolysis 异裂ionic type 离子型electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂electrophilic reaction 亲电反应nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应英文名汉文名Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic烯丙型［的］Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型［的］Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound螺环化合物Helical molecule螺旋型分子Octahedral compound八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation酰［基］正离子Benzylic cation 苄［基］正离子Arenirm ion 芳［基］正离子Ketyl radical羰自由基Radical ion自由基离子Radical cation自由基正离子Radical anion自由基负离子Isomerism异构［现象］ Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构［现象］Asymmetric atom不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位［的］ Heterotopic 异位［的］ Enantiotopic对映异位［的］Diastereotopic非对映异位［的］Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral手性［的］Chiral center手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral非手性［的］Fischer projection费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L 命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S 命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer对映［异构］体Diastereomer非对映［异构］体Epimer差向异构体Anomer端基［差向］异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构 E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer内型异构体Exo isomer外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R 基团Pro-S proup 前S 基团Re face Re 面Si face Si 面Racemic mixture外消旋混合物Racemic compound夕卜消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound内消旋化合物Quasi recemate准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封［型］构象Axial bond 直［立］键Equatorial bond 平［伏］键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram,s rube克拉姆规则Prelog,rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体［化学］取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅 Huckel’ru咻克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环［化］重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环力口成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system默比乌斯体系Leois structure路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism互变异构Tautomerization互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可［的］Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给［体］受体络合物Host主体Guest客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain内张力F strain前张力B strain后张力Anomeric effect端基异构效应Walden inversion瓦尔登反转Racemization外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral纯手性[的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代(含烯丙型重排) Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-larelectrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through theconjugate base单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through theconjugate base双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation ofa carbonyl group双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygencleavage单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygencleavage双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygencleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygencleavage双分子碱催化烷氧断裂n-allyl complex mechanism 兀烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair离子对Carbocation碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion碳负离子Masked carbanion掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition双直键加成Markovnikov,s rube马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏力口成Michael addition迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性a-effect a-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proupassistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann,s rule霍夫曼规则Bredt rule布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage负离子裂解Partial bond fixation键［的］部分固定化02. 3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation硅烷［基］化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 较基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱竣卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱竣硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1, 4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭力口成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 较基化Hydroformylation加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢较基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氧乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile亲双烯体Endo addition内型加成Exo addition夕卜型力口成Diels-Alder reaction第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯- 阿尔德反应Ene synthesis单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环力口成Dipolar addition 偶极加成-elimination -消除-elimination -消除-elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-力口成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氧基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氟甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱竣Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱石西Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取［反应］ Internal abstraction 内夺取［反应］ Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小［反应］ Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环［反应］-ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2. 4有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene双烯Triene三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene累积多烯Enyne烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚飒Sulfone 飒Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal缩醛Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二口塞烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime月亏Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟月青Pinacol频哪醇Enol烯醇Enol ether烯醇醚Enol ester烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 较酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰澳Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester过酸酯Acyl peroxide酰基过氧化物Nitrile 月青Nitrile oxide氧化月青Isonitrile 异月青Amide酰胺Imide二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-澳化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide酰叠氮Amidine 月米Keto ester酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰月青Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide氨月青Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate脲基甲酸酯Thioester硫代酸酯Thiol acid硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol内半缩醛Macrolide大环内酯Amino acid氨基酸Zwitterions两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine甜菜碱Lactam内酰胺Hydantion乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate碳水化合物Aldose醛糖Ketose酮糖Furanose呋喃糖Pyranose毗喃糖Glycoside 糖昔Glucoside葡［萄］糖昔Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 月杀Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane笼型化合物Rotazane螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃。
有机化学英语词汇大全
有机化学英语词汇大全(总10页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除有机化学专业词汇Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位[腯Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the co njugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the con jugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应]-ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal[化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基' alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基 aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基.-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3 mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a$ f! Q, H: [5 n&G-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半***i- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三-tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一.uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇)Benzoic acid (苯甲酸)Ethanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸) Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine（N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyl oylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）tetrakis[-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺] 2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane（1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）pentanediol (戊二醇)pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇) Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸）Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸) Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸)Sorbic acid （山梨酸）sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbitRoute [`raut]【路线】 Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】 Rearrangement[ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt] 【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】 Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】 Mechanism['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】 Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】 Labile['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】 Scheme [ski:m]【图示】 Derivative[di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】 Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】 Secondary['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】 Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】 Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】 Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】 transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】 homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】 homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】 Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】 chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik] 【亲核的】 hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】 formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】 dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】 dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】 reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】 degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】 mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】 racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】 substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】 equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】 in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】 Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】 Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】 Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】 Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】 Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】 Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】 Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】 Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】 Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】 ultraviolet['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】 isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】 Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】 Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】 Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】 Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】 hin-layer-chromatography[ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】 HPLC【高效液相色谱】 LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】 Aprotic[ә'prәutik] 【非质子的】 Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】 Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】 Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】 Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】 Run column【用柱层析分离】 Stopcock['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】 Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】 Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】 Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】 silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz] 【中和】 stir bar 【搅拌子】 Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】 vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】 spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】 Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】 Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】 Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】 Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】 Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】 Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】 Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】 Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】 Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】 Thermodynamic['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】 Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv] 【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】 Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】 Stereoselectivity[ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】 Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】 Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】 Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,əuzəu'nɔlisis ]【臭氧分解】 conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】 Introduction【引入】 Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
【有机化学专业英语词汇】
【有机化学专业英语词汇】v1.0可编辑可修改有机化学专业英语词汇（精）acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基［prope nyl（丙烯基）］alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷an hydride 酐an ili no- 苯胺基bromo-溴butyl 丁基-carb inol 甲醇carb onyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10 -2chloro-氯代cis- 顺式con de nsed缩合的、冷凝的cyclo-环deca-十deci 10 -1-di ne 啶dodeca-十二aquo-含水的-ase 酶-ate含氧酸的盐、酯-atri yne 三炔azo-偶氮benzene 苯bi-在盐类前表示酸式盐bis-双-borane 硼烷-ene 烯epi-表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl乙基fluoro-氟代form 仿v1.0可编辑可修改-lact one 内酯-ide无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰octa-八-imi ne 亚胺iodi ne 碘iodo-碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto-酮ketone 酮octadeca-十八-oic酸的-ol醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous亚酸的，低价金属oxa-氧杂-oxide氧化合物-oxime 肟hemi-半hen deca- 十一hepta-七heptadeca-十七hexa-六hexadeca-十六-hydri n 醇hydro-氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo-低级的，次hyper-高级的，高mega- 106 meta-间，偏methoxy-甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10 -6milli- 10 -3mono- ( mon-) 一，单-ic酸的，高价金属nano- 10 一n itro- 硝基n itroso- 亚硝基nona-九nonadeca-十九-glycol 二醇v1.0可编辑可修改covale nt bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond len gth 键长oxo-酮 tetrakis- 四个oxy-氧化thio- 硫代-oyl 酰 trans- 反式，超，跨para- 对位，仲 tri-三 penta-五 trideca- 十三 pentadeca-十五tris-三个per- 高，过petro- 石油 undeca- 十^一- phenol 苯酚 uni-单，一phenyl 苯基un sym-不对称的，偏位-12pico- 10poly-聚，多 -yl 基quadri- 四 -yne 炔quinque-五organic compounds 有机化合物semi-半compo unds of carb on 碳化合物septi- 七hydrocarbons and their derivatives sesqui 一个半碳氢化合物及其衍生物 sulfa- 磺胺 orga nic chemistry有机化学sym- 对称structure of molecule 分子结构syn- 顺式，同，共chemical bond 化学键 ter- tetra-tetradeca- 十四bond angle 键角thio- 硫代-ylene 撑（二价基，价在不同原子上）v1.0可编辑可修改bond energy 键能hydroge n bonding 氢键polarity 极性dipole moment 偶极矩dissociati on en ergy 离解能electr on egativity 电负性con stituti on 构造physical property 物理性质con tigurati on 构型melt ing point 熔点conformation 构象boili ng point 沸点stereochemistry 立体化学react ion mecha nism 反应机理tetrahedral 正四面体homolysis 均裂cis-顺free redical 自由基trans-反heterolysis 异裂isomerism同分异构现象ion ic type 离子型isomer异构体electrophilic reage nt 亲电试剂stereoisomer 立体异构electrophilic react ion 亲电反应con stituti onal isomer 构造异构nu cleophilic reage nt 亲核试剂structural formula 结构式nu cleophilic react ion 亲核反应octet八隅体英文名汉文名perspective 透视式An gular methyl group 角甲基eclipsed con formati on 重叠式构象Alkylide ne group 亚烷基staggered con formati on 交叉式构象Allyl group 烯丙基n ewma n project ion 纽曼投影式Allylic 烯丙型［的］functional group 官能团Phe nyl group 苯基chain compoud链状化合物Aryl group 芳基carbocyclic compo und碳环化合物Ben zyl group 苄基彳heterocyclic compo und 杂环化合物Benzylic 苄型［的］dipole-dipole in teract偶极- Activat ing group 活化基团ions偶极相互作用Chromophore 生色团van der Waals forces 范德华力Auxochrome 助色团v1.0可编辑可修改Magn etically ani sotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Com mon ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ri ng system 桥环体系Spiro compound螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound八面体化合物Con jugatio n 共轭Con jugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰［基］正离子Benzylic cation 苄［基］正离子Arenirm ion 芳［基］正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical catio n 自由基正离子Radical a nio n 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构［现象］Aci form 酸式Fluxi onal structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体T etrahedral con figuratio n 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构［现象］Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carb on 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carb on 假不对称碳Phantom atom虚拟原子Homotopic 等位［的］Heterotopic 异位［的］Enantiotopic 对映异位［的］Diastereotopic 非对映异位［的］Con figurati on 构型Absolute con figurati on 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral手性［的］Chiral ce nter 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral非手性［的］Fischer projectio n 费歇尔投影式Neoma n projectio n 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomen clature D-L 命名体系v1.0可编辑可修改R-S syytem of nomen clature R-S 命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则v1.0可编辑可修改Symmetry factor 对称因素Pla ne of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer对映［异构］体Diastereomer 非对映［异构］体Epimer差向异构体Anomer端基［差向］异构体Erythro con figurati on 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo con figurati on 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carb on 三角型碳Cis-tra ns isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E 异构体Z isomer Z 异构体Endo isomer内型异构体Exo isomer外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S 基团Re face Re 面Si face Si 面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compo und外消旋化合物Racemic solid solutio n 外消旋固体溶液Meso compou nd内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Con formati on 构象Con formati onal 构象分析Torsi on an gle 扭转角Rotamer旋转异构体Anti con formati on 反式构象Bisect ing con formatio n 等分构象Anti peripla nar con formati on 反叠构象Syn peripla nar con formati on 顺叠构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 反错构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 顺错构象Eclipsed con formati on 重叠构象Gauche con formati on,skew con-formatio n 邻位交叉构象Staggered con formati on 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体。
有机化学常用英汉词汇
abate 缓和, 减弱; 减(税); 降(价); [律]撤消abide by 遵守; 服从account for 说明; 解释; 报偿acetal 乙缩醛,乙醛二乙醇,醛缩醇,缩醛acetaldehyde 乙醛,醋醛acetamide 乙酰胺acetanilide 乙酰苯胺,退热冰[解热药]acetic 乙酸的,醋的acetic acid 醋酸,乙酸acetone 丙酮acetonitrile 乙腈acetophenone 苯乙酮,乙酰苯[镇静催眠药]acetyl 乙酰基; 醋酸基acetylation 乙酰化(作用)achiral 无手性的acidosis [ˌæsiˌdəusis]酸中毒acyl helide 酰卤acyl 酰基acylation 酰化作用adapter 接头,接合管,连接管,适配器,转接器,接合体addition 加,附加,添加,补充,加入,加成,相加作用additional 附加的, 另外的加,添加的adjacent 靠近的,邻近的,毗连的admix 掺和,混合adverse 逆的,相反的,不利的,有害的agitation 搅动(作用),精神激动,搅拌,激动,鼓动airbone 空运的, 空中传播的alcohol 醇,乙醇,酒精aldehyde 乙醛, 醛aldol ①醛醇,align 成(直)线,排列,排牙,校整,对准,定位,定中心aliphatic 脂肪族的, 脂肪质的aliquot (整分)部分,可分量,(拉)除得尽能整除;alkali 碱; 强碱alkaline 碱的,强碱的,碱性的alkane 链烷,烷属烃alkene [化]烯烃, 链烯链(烯)烃,乙烯系碳氢化物,烯烃菌素alkyl halides 卤烃类alkyl 烷基,烃基alkylation 烷化,烃化,烃基化(反应)alkylhalide 烷基卤alkyne 炔属烃,链炔,炔烃alleviate 减轻(痛苦等),缓和allow for 考虑到allyl [化]烯丙基alumina 氧化铝,矾土aluminum 铝amalgam 汞合金,汞齐ambient 围绕著的; 周围的amide 酰胺amine 胺amino 氨基aminophenol 氨基苯酚ammonia 氨,稀氨水,氨水,氢氧化铵溶液ammonium 氨盐基, 铵andiron 柴架anesthesia 感觉缺失,麻木,麻醉anesthetic 麻醉学,感觉缺失的,麻醉的,麻醉剂angle 角anhydride 酐,脱水物anhydrous 无水的aniline 氨基苯,苯胺anorexia 食欲缺乏,厌食症anti 反,抗-{前缀}anticonvulsant 抗惊厥剂,抗抽搐剂apparatus 器械,装置,仪器,器官,机构approximation 近似,近似法,近似值,接近aromatic 芳香族的,芳香的,芳香剂aromaticity 芳香性,芳族性arrest 停止,阻止逮捕, 监禁;arrhythmias 无节律性,心律不齐,心律失常aryl 芳基,芳香基arylamine 芳香胺asbestors 石棉aspiration 抽吸,吸(引),吸引术热望, 渴望aspirator 抽吸器,抽气器assembly 集合,装配,小群落,装置,成套,部件,组件,组合assess 评价,估计assumption 假设,假定asterisk 星状物,星号asymmetric 不均匀的; 不对称的attain 达到, 获得axial 轴的,中轴的,轴式的azeotrop 共沸混合物,恒沸混合物azo [=chemical group-N=N]偶氮含氮的back up 支持; 贮存baffle (百叶式)挡(光)板,障板,折流板,吸声板,定向屏蔽,栅极,反射体,干扰,隔板,缓冲板,阻板barrel 桶; 把……装入桶内basicity 碱度, 碱性beaker 烧杯,大酒杯,一大酒杯的量bench 长凳,台,座,架,实验台,钳工台,工作台benzaldehyde [化]安息香醛; 苯甲醛benzamide 苯甲酰胺,苯酰胺benzene sulfonyl 苯磺酰benzene 苯benzidine 联苯胺,4,4'-二氨基联(二)苯benzil 二苯甲酰,苯偶酰,联苯酰,二苯(基)乙二酮benzoate 苯甲酸盐,苯甲酸酯benzoin 安息香,苯甲酰苯甲醇,苯偶姻,二苯乙醇酮benzophenone 苯甲酮benzoyl 苯甲酰(基),苯酰benzyl 苄基,苯甲基benzyl 苄基,苯甲基bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐,重碳酸盐biphenyl 联苯,联二苯bis 二度; 二回bisulfite 重亚硫酸盐重亚硫酸盐; 酸性亚硫酸盐blanket 毯子,铺布,复,盖,扑灭,抑制,隐蔽bluish 带蓝色的,淡蓝色的boiling 煮沸, 沸腾, 起泡bore 钻(孔),镗,内径,钻孔器,内径,锥,挖,掘,孔,洞令人讨厌的人;烦扰, 出生, 钻孔bored 无趣的, 烦人的, 无聊的; vbl. 烦扰, 钻孔boric acid 硼酸borneol 龙脑,冰片,乙醇,梅片,樟醇,钓樟醇borohydride 硼氢化物,氢硼化物brine 盐水,盐卤bromide 溴化物bromo 溴代,溴基bromobenzene 溴苯bromonium 溴鎓buchner funnel 布氏漏斗,平底瓷漏斗budget 预算;bulb 球茎, 电灯泡bump 碰撞,(曲线上的)折曲,拐点bunsen burner 本生灯,煤气灯butane 丁烷butanol 丁醇butene 丁烯butyl 丁基, 丁基合成橡胶butyrophenone 丁酰苯,丙基-苯基甲酮,苯丙甲酮c.p.chemically pure 化学纯ca. [=circa(about)]大约,(时间)前后calibrate 定标,定分度,校准,使标准化calibration 校准call for 求援camphor 樟脑caproate ①己酸盐,②己酸酯caprolactam 己内酰胺carbocation 碳阳离子carbonyl 羰基,碳酰carborundum 金刚砂,碳化硅carboxyl 羧基carboxylic 羧基的羧酸cardiac 强心剂, 强胃剂; 心脏的, (胃的)贲门cardinal (果蝇)绯色眼,主要的,基本的,轴节的carotene 胡萝卜素carry out 实现; 执行cases are knowncasserole 勺皿,焙盘,蒸锅catalyst 触媒剂; 催化剂catalytic [化]催化剂的, 起触媒作用的catalyze 使起催化作用; 使起接触反应caustic 腐蚀性的,苛性的cautious 谨慎的,细心的ceramic 陶瓷的,陶瓷制品charcoal 药用炭,活性炭,炭末[吸附剂]chip 屑晶片, 薄片; [电子]集成电路片; chiral 手(征)性的,手性chirality 手性,手征,偏光力,手型,手征性chlorocarbon 氯碳化合物chloroform 氯仿,三氯甲烷[防腐药] chlorophyll 叶绿素chromic acid 铬酸,三氧化铬circulatory 循环的cloudy 混浊的,多云的coefficient 系数coenzyme 辅酶coil 线圈,线团,螺管colloidal 胶体的,胶质的,胶态的comment 注解, 批评, 评论;concentric 同心的,具同心环纹的condensate 冷凝物,冷凝液condensation 压缩, 凝缩, 液化浓集condense 冷凝,凝结,凝聚,浓缩,聚光conduction 传导configuration 构型,配位conformation 构象congo 刚果conical 圆锥形的conjugate 结合物,(骨盆)直径,共轭,偶合,轭合,轭合物,接合,结合,成对,成对的,对生的,共轭体conjugation 结合,接合,结合反应,联接,共轭contemplate 注视,仔细思考convection 传达, 对流, 对流converse 相反的事物, 倒, 逆向;convulsion 抽搐,惊厥copious 丰富的,丰饶的,大量的copper 铜cord 绳索, 束缚cork 软木(塞),木栓,软塞,塞住coupling 结合,偶合,偶联,连接器covalent 共有原子价, 共价crease 皱,折痕,折缝,变皱,使折缝creep 滞缓,蠕变,爬,蔓延,位移,频率漂移criterion (复criteria)标准,判据,准则,尺度,判别式,指标crown 冠,根颈,副花冠crucial 决定性的,极难的,十字形的crystal 晶体,结晶crystalline 水晶的, 透明的, 结晶性的crystallization 结晶作用,结晶crystallize (使)结晶cuprous 亚铜的,一价铜的customary 习惯的, 惯常的, 原来的cyanate 氰酸盐cyanide 氰化物cyano 氰基cyanohydrin 氰醇,氰腈cyclic 周期的,循环的,环状的cycloalkane 环烷烃cyclohexane 环己烷cylindrical 圆筒状的,圆柱状的datum (复data)数据,基准,资料,论据,材料,证据decane 癸烷(C10H22)decantation 滗,倾析,滗析,倾泻,滗出decarboxylation 脱羧decided 明显的,明确的,决定的decompose 分解,腐败,分析,还原,使腐烂,腐解defat 脱脂degradation 降解,递降,分解作用dehydrated 脱水的dehydration 脱水(作用),失水denote 表示,指示,意味dense 密集的density 密度depict 描写dermatitis 皮肤炎desiccant 干燥剂,干燥的desiccator 干燥器,保干器,烘干器designate 命名,指定,指明,指示,选派detergent 去垢剂,洗涤剂,清洁剂,去污剂,去污的detoxify 去毒,解毒,戒烟毒deviation 偏差,偏向,偏离,偏位,斜位,偏移,偏斜devote 投入于, 献身dextrorotatory 右旋的,正旋的diastereoisomer 非对映异构体,非镜像异物体diastereomer 非对映体diastereotoic 非对映异位的diazo 重氮基diazonium 重氮基diazotization 重氮化作用diazotize [化]使重氮化dichromate 重铬酸盐diethyl ether 麻醉乙醚diethylene 二乙烯differentiate 微分,区别,分化区别, 差别, 求……的微分diketone 二酮基dilute 稀释,稀薄的,淡的,冲淡dioxane 二噁烷,二氧杂环己烷dipole 偶极(子),偶极天线,对称振子disorientation 定向力障碍,定向消失dissociation 分离,离解,分裂(精神病)dissolve 溶解, 解散, 使感动, 废除dissymmetric 不对称的distillate 馏出物,馏变,蒸馏,精华,露剂disulfide 二硫化物dodecane 十二烷drierite 德里拉特[干燥用无水硫酸,商品名]droplet 小滴,徽滴,飞沫dropwise 点滴的,滴状,滴加,一滴一滴地,点滴地drowsiness 困倦,昏昏欲睡duct 管,导管dullness 钝; 迟钝; 暗淡; 阴沉; 沉闷; 萧条ebullition 沸腾, 横溢, 精神饱满eclipse 日蚀, 月蚀, 衰落;elasticity 弹力, 弹性electron 电子, 极微小的东西electronegaticvity 负电性electrophile 亲电子试剂electrophilic 亲电子的elongate 伸长,长形的emulsion 乳剂,乳胶,乳浊液,乳状液enantiomer 对映体,对映异构物enantiotopic 对映异位的encompass 包围,环绕,包括enol 烯醇enormous 巨大的,庞大的epoxide 环氧化物equilibrium 平衡,饱和,长期平衡erlenmeyer flask 埃伦迈尔烧瓶,锥形瓶erythro 红,赤,赤藓ester 酯esterification 酯化(作用)ethane 乙烷ethanol 乙醇, 酒精ethenyl 乙烯基,次乙基ether 醚,乙醚大气, 苍天ethoxy 乙氧基ethoxyethane 乙氧基乙烷,乙醚ethyl 乙基,乙烷基ethylene chloride 氯化乙烯ethylene 乙炔,乙烯,乙撑,次乙基eutectic 易熔的,低共熔的evacuate 排泄,排粪,抽空,撤离,排除,排气exert .施加,产生,发挥exothermic 发热的, 放出热量的expedient 有利的,方便的,权宜的办法extinguisher 消除器,灭火器eyelid 睑,眼睑facial 脸的, 脸部用的fashion 流行, 风尚, 时样; 形成, 造, 作faucet 水龙头,旋塞,开关,水阀,承口,插口ferrous 亚铁的,二价铁的fibrillation 纤维性颤动,原纤维形成filament 细丝,丝,花丝,丝状体,藻丝体,纤丝filter flask 吸滤瓶filtrate 过滤液; 过滤水; 滤(出)液filtration 滤过,过滤,滤光(作用) fluorescence 荧光萤光, 发萤光, 萤光性flute (凹)槽,波纹, 笛, 横笛;foolproof 笨人也能处理的; 简单的formaldehyde 甲醛, 蚁醛formate 甲酸盐,甲酸酯,甲酸根,蚁酸盐,蚁酸酯formation 生成,形成,结构formic 蚁的, 蚁酸的甲酸的formyl 甲酸基fountain 泉水; 喷泉fractionation 分段分离,分部分离,分级分离fragment 碎片,断片,片段freeze 冻结,凝固,冰结,冰冻,冷冻funnel 漏斗,围食膜,烟囱,浇铸漏斗,浇口,使成漏斗形furan 呋喃furnish 供给, 提供, 装设gait 步态,步法garment 衣服, 衣装, 外表gastrointestinal 胃肠的gauche 邻位交叉式gauge 表,规,量规,量计,样板gause 薄纱, 纱布, 金属网gauze 纱布,线网gel 胶化体, 凝胶;geometrical 几何学的, 几何的giddiness 眩晕glacial 冰的,冰样的,冰状的,玻璃状的,坚硬的,极纯的,冰的glycerol 甘油; 丙三醇glycol 乙二醇,甘醇goggle 护目镜,遮灰眼镜gradient 梯度,陡度,斜度graduate 毕业生,刻度量器,量杯,量筒,分度器,刻度,划分刻度,分度,蒸浓,毕业,渐渐变为gram 克gravity 重力grind 研磨,碾,磨光,捣,刻苦用功,研碎,粉碎grip 抓紧, 抱住, 吸住grit 磨料,粗砂,石英砂,砂粒,抛光粉,人造磨石,粒度,筛网,磨擦,石细胞团ground glass 毛玻璃; 磨砂玻璃guanidine 胍[横纹肌兴奋药]gummy 树胶状的; 黏著性的halide 卤素化合物,卤化物haloform 卤仿halogenate 卤化halogenation 卤化作用,卤化helices 单环helium 氦hemiacetal 半缩醛hepatomegaly 肝肿大hepatotoxicity 肝毒性heptane 庚烷heptane 庚烷heterocyclic 杂环的, 不同环式的heterogeneous 异形的,异质的,非均质的,杂的,异种的heterolysis 异种溶解,外力溶解hexahydrobenzene 六氢苯hexamethylene 环己烷,环六亚甲基,环己基hexane 己烷hilarity 欢闹的心情, 欢喜, 高兴hirsch funnel 赫尔什漏斗homogeneous 同种的,同质性的,单相的homolog 同系物homologous 对应染色体,同源染色体,同等染色体,同种(异体)的,同源的,同系的,类似的,相应的homolysis 均裂hood 罩,盖,帽,座舱盖hose 胶皮管,软管,蛇管,用管子供水hydrate 水合物, 水化合物,hydration 水合(作用)hydrazine 肼,联胺,肼屈嗪,肼酞嗪,肼苯哒嗪hydrazone 腙hydride 氢化物hydrocarbon 烃,碳氢化合物hydrochloride 盐酸化物,氢氯化物hydrolysis 水解（作用）hydroxide 氢氧化物hydroxy [化]氢氧根的, 羟基的hydroxylamine [化]羟胺; 胲hygroscopic 引湿性的,吸湿性的hypothetical 假说的,假设的,假定的identity 鉴定,鉴别, 相同, 身份, 一致, 同一人; 同一物imidazole 咪唑,异吡唑imide [化]酰亚胺impair[=impaired]损伤的,受损的impinge 碰撞打击, 伤害, 影响implosion 以恐治恐法,内爆 [音声]内破裂; 闭塞impotence 性无能,无能力,阳痿,阳萎indentation 齿痕,切迹,凹入,缺口,成穴作用indole 吲哚,苯并吡咯infallible 绝无错误的, 绝对可靠的infrared 红外(线)的ingest 摄取,摄食,咽下,吸收,摄入ingestion 咽下,吸收,食入,摄食inhibitor 抑制器,抑制开关,抑制调节器,禁止器,抑制因子,抑制物,抑制剂insol [=insolubility]不溶解性instance 实例,情况,引证insulate 使……绝缘, 隔离; [计算机]绝缘integral 积分,整个,整的,整合的,积分的,整数的,完全的,整体的,积分的integrate 集成,积分,结合,集合interact 相互作用,干扰intermolecular 分子间的interpret 解释, 演出, 翻译; [计算机]解释interpretation 解释,译码,翻译,(图像)判读intimate 直接的,接近的,详细的亲密的, 私人的, 秘密的;intractable 顽固的,难治的听话的, 倔强的, 棘手的introductory 介绍的, 引导的, 开端的inversion 转化(蔗糖),倒位(遗传),倒置,逆变,转化,内翻,性欲倒错invert 倒置,转化,性倒错者,同性恋者iodine 碘, 碘酒iodoform 三碘甲烷, 碘仿ionic 离子的irradiate 照射irrigate 灌溉, 冲洗伤口, 使……潮湿isomer (同分)异构体,同质异能素jack 起重器,千斤顶,弹簧开关,插孔,塞孔,插座,插口,塞孔,插口,插座judicious 明智的,慎重的ketene 烯酮类,乙烯酮乙烯酮; 烯酮keto [化]酮类的ketone 酮,甲酮lacrimation 流泪,催泪作用lassitude 倦怠,厌倦疲倦, 疲乏, 无精神latex 胶乳,橡胶lay up 贮藏; 卧病不起legitimate 合法的, 正当的, 婚生的;lemon 柠檬,柠檬黄,枸橼,柠檬色lessen 变少,减少,减轻leukemia 非白血性白血病levorotatory 左旋(性)的,左旋的liberate 解放, 释放, 使……自由ligroin 轻石油likelihood 可能性,似然liquefy 液化,熔解literature 文学,著作,文献lithium 锂litmus 石蕊,石蕊素localize 局部化,集中luminous 发光的, 明亮的manganate 锰酸盐manifold 许多的,多样的,歧管,多支管,复合管manipulation 操作,处理,操作法,推拿,手法,操作,控制manometer 测压计,气压计mantle 斗篷, 覆盖物, 罩子;罩住, 覆盖, 脸红melt 融解,熔化,熔化物,软化,熔体mercapto 疏基mercury 汞,水银merit 优点,长处,功绩mesh 筛目,筛眼,筛孔,网眼,网状(物),网孔,网meso 正中,中间,内消旋,中位meta 间位,偏位,变,转,后,旁,次metallic 象金属的,金属(音)的methane 甲烷,沼气methanol 甲醇methoxy 甲氧(基)methyl 甲基methylene 甲叉,亚甲基,甲撑micro (希)小,细,微milligram 毫克milliliter 毫升mineral 矿物,矿石,无机物,矿物的minute 分,片刻,瞬间,微小的,精细的,微(小)体(突变型),精密的,微细的,(染色体)小片,分(钟) miscible 可混合的,可溶混的,能溶和的,易混合的modificatin 变体,变形,变更moisten 湿润moment 矩,动差,时刻,瞬间,力矩,片刻,力矩mortar 乳钵,研钵,臼,灰浆,砌泥,胶泥mydriasis 瞳孔放大,瞳孔散大naphthol 萘酚naphthyl 萘基narcosis 麻醉nausea 恶心needle 针,针状物,指针,注射针头,针叶nephrotoxicity 肾毒性neuropsychiatry 神经精神病学nicotinic [化]烟碱的; 烟碱酸的nipple 乳头,螺纹接套,(螺丝)管接头,短接管,喷嘴,橡皮奶头,奶头罩,橡皮头nitric 氮的, 含氮的, 硝石的氮的,高价氮的nitrile 腈nitrite 亚硝酸盐,亚硝酸酯nitro 硝基,硝化甘油,硝化甲烷nomograph 列线图,算图,诺模图,列线图解nonane 壬烷nonferrous 不含铁的; 非铁的notorious 声名狼藉的, 恶名昭张的, 众人皆知的noxious 有害的,有毒的nucleophile 亲核基团,亲核试剂nucleophilic 亲核的; 亲质子的nuisance 滋扰物,恶感物,公害,损害numbness 麻木, 麻痹, 冻僵observance 遵守, 仪式, 惯例observe 观察, 遵守, 注意到obstruct 阻隔, 妨碍, 阻塞occlusion 闭合,闭塞,阻塞,牙合,咬合,牙合(面),咬合(面)octane (正)辛烷odor 气味,名誉,声誉optical 光学的,视力的,眼的,视觉的,旋光的ortho 正,原,邻,邻位,直的,正的,正常的outlet 出口,出路,通风口,通风孔,输出口,排出口(气、水等的),引出线,引出端,销路oxazole 噁唑,1,3-氧氮杂环戊烷oxidation 氧化(作用)oxide 氧化物oxidize 氧化oxime 肟oxychloride 氯氧化物paper clip 纸夹回形针paraparaffin 石蜡油,石蜡,石腊paramount 至上的,首要的paresthesia 感觉异常pass over 忽略; 死亡patent 开放的,未闭的,专利,首创pellet 片状沉淀物,片剂,丸,小丸,小糖丸,片,小片,弹丸剂pentachloride 五氯化物pentaerythritol 季戊四醇pentane 戊烷pentoxide 五氧化物pentyl ①戊基,②(pentobarbital sodium)戊巴比妥钠percutaneous 经皮的peroxide 过氧化物,超氧化物perpendicular 垂线,垂直,正交,垂直的,正交的pertain 属于,关于pertinent 相关的, 中肯的, 切题的pestle 研棒,缽杵,研杵,杵,乳棒petri dish 陪替培养皿,培养皿(微)petroleum ether 石油醚phenol 苯酚,石炭酸,酚,纯苯,安息油phenyl 苯基phosphine 磷化氢, 三氢化磷phosphorous 磷的,亚磷(的),含磷的phosphorus 磷pigment 色素, 颜料;pipet 吸量管,移液管pneumonia 肺炎pneumonitis 肺炎polarity 有两极, 磁性引力, 极性polarizability 偏振性,极化性,极化率,极化度,分极率polygon 多边形图,多边形polyphenol 多酚porcelain 瓷,瓷料,瓷器portion 段,部,部分,一份potassium 钾precaution 预警,预防,预防措施precede 位于…之前,在…这前进行precipitate 沉淀物,制备的,精制的,使沉淀preference 偏爱,优先,选择premature 早产儿,早熟的,过早的prescribe 开药方,开处方,建议primary 初级的,原发的,基本的,主要的,初期的prior to 先前的,在前,居先的priority 在先,在前,优先,优先项目,优先权prochiral 前不对称体的,前手性的propagation 繁殖,传播propane 丙烷propenyl 丙烯基propyl 丙烷基, 丙基protocol 诊断记录,记录,实验设计,备忘录,议定书,草案,试验计划书,会议记录,礼仪协议proton 质子protonate 质子化provided 假如,以…为条件prudent 谨慎的pungent 刺激性的,辣的purple 视紫质,紫色的,紫红pyran ①吡喃,②(pyran copolymer)吡喃复聚物,③(pyrazinamide)吡嗪酰胺[抗结核药] pyrex 派热克斯,耐热玻璃,硼硅酸玻璃pyridine 吡啶,氮(杂)苯pyrimidine 嘧啶,间二氮苯pyrrole 吡咯,氮茂quaternary 第四的,四元的,四价的,季的quench 淬火,淬炼,熄灭,聚冷quinoline 氮(杂)萘,喹啉quinone ①苯醌,②醌racemic (外)消旋的(化学),(外)消旋的,消旋体,总状花序的racemization （外)消旋作用radical 根,基,原子团,根本的rayon 人造丝,人造纤维,一种雷达干扰发射机reactivity 反应性readily 不迟疑地, 轻易地;迅速地; 容易地reagent 试剂,反应物rearrangement (基因)重排,重(新)排(列),重新布置recipe 食谱, 处方, 秘诀recommend 推荐, 介绍, 托付reductive 减少的, 还原的refraction 折光, 折射refractive 折射的,折光的,屈折的reliable 可靠的, 可信赖的render 报答, 提出, 致使repeat (基因)重复,反复,重现,复制,重复,背诵repetition 重复,反复,重现,复制品,副本,再发representative 代表的,典型的,代替,(有)代表性(的) reproduce 再生产,再现,复制repulsive 逐退的, 辞退的, 冷淡的; 可憎的, 讨厌的resonance 共振(现象),谐振,共鸣,回声,反响,中介现象resorcinol 间苯二酚,雷锁辛reversibility 可反转性,可逆性,可回溯性rinse 冲洗,漂(洗),冲洗剂,漱rod 竿, 笞鞭, 小枝rotatory 旋转的,转动的salicylate 水杨酸盐,水杨酸脂,水杨酸酯salicylic 水杨酰的,水杨酸基的sandal 凉鞋,便鞋,檀香[木]saponification 皂化(作用)scribble 潦草的写法, 潦草写成的东西, 杂文; secondary 第二的,第二位的,中级的,次级的,仲的,续发的shake 摇动, 震动;shatter 粉碎,打碎,破坏significant 显著的,有效的,有意义的,重要的silica 硅酸酐,二氧化硅silicone 硅酮,(聚)硅酮simmer 徐沸,慢沸,缓缦沸腾slacken 放松使松弛, 变弱slurry 膏剂,淤浆,泥浆,煤泥,粘合液,粘结剂,填充材料smother 使……喘不过气, 使……窒息snug 舒适的, 合身的;sodium 钠soln [=solution]凝固,固化solubility (可)溶性,可溶性,溶解度,溶解性solute 溶质spatter 飞沫,雾沫溅spatula 铲,药刀,软膏刀,匙形物,压舌板,刮铲,刮勺,匙突specify 叙述, 指定, 说明; 规定,指定,详细说明spectrum (复spectra)光谱,光系,波谱spherical 球的,球体的,球状的,球形的,球面的,天体的spill 流(血),倒(水),溢出,流出spillage 泄漏,泄漏量,溢出,溢出物spin 纺织, 旋转, 拉长spin 自旋,旋转,自转spinach 菠菜spinning 旋压纺织spirit 通过蒸馏得到的或易挥发的液体中的任何一种,如酒精,醑剂精神, 心灵, 人格; spiro 呼吸,螺旋stagger 蹒跚,犹豫,狐疑stereochemistry 立体化学steroid 甾(类),甾族(化合物),类固醇stick 粘住,棍棒,手杖,杆,棒,条,卡住,操纵杆,插于, 刺入, 竖起stiff 坚硬的, 严厉的, 呆板的still 蒸馏釜,蒸馏器静止的, 不动的, 静寂的仍然, 更, 静止地; 然而, 但是stillhead 蒸馏头stillpot 蒸馏釜,蒸馏锅stock 原种,砧木,贮存,储藏,原料,材料,株,家系,血统,家畜,种族,树干,茎梗,台,座,架,柄, stoichiometry 化学计量学,化学量论stopper 停影剂,塞子,塞(头),制动器,充填器,阀,阻塞物,塞住,制止strain 劳损,滤过,肌牵张过度,运动过度,株,系,过劳,肌用力过度,特种,品系,菌株,菌种,扭伤, stubborn 顽固的stupor 无感觉, 人事不省, 麻痹styrene 苯乙烯,苏合香烯subdivision 再分,细分,分部,小类sublimation 升华(作用),提高,纯化subsequent 后来的,继后的,后的substitution 取代,置换,代替,替换substrate 酶作用物,底物,基质,基层,附着层,基底物质,酶解物subtract 减去,扣除succession 演变,顺序性,连续性,继承性,系列,序列,系统,生长顺序,次序,演替,世系,连续suction 抽吸,吸取,吸力,吸引,吸出,进气,吸气,吸水管,吸,吸出suffice 满足……的需要,充分,足够sulfanilic 对氨基苯磺酸,磺胺酸sulfate 硫酸盐,硫酸酯,硫酸根(部分)sulfide 硫化物sulfonic 磺基的酸性硫酸基的sulfur 硫磺sulfuric 硫磺的; 含多量硫磺的sulfurous 硫磺的; 含有硫磺的supernatant 浮于上层的,浮于表层的,上层清液,上清液,上浮物,浮在表层的swirl 漩涡, 涡状形;symmetric 相称性的; 均衡的symmetrical 对称的,匀称的synergistic 协同的,协同作用的synopsis 概要,提要,说明书,梗概tabular 列表的,表格式的,平片状的,板状的taper 逐渐变细,逐渐减少,逐渐减弱,锥形,锥体,锥度,拔销,微光,渐尖的tarry 焦油状的,涂焦油的,煤胶物质的tautomer 互变异构体tautomerism 互变异构(现象)teflon [=tetrafluoro-ethylene resin]聚四氟乙烯树脂tentative 试验性质的,假定的,试验,推测,暂时的,试验的term 术语, 名词, 期限;termination 终止,结局,结束,终点ternary 三元的,三进制的tertiary 第三的,第三期的,特的,叔的(化学)tetrachloride 四氯化物thaw 溶化,融化,解冻thermocouple 热电偶,温差电偶thermodynamics 热力学thermometer 摄氏(celsius)温标,摄氏(celsius)温度计,温度计,体温表thiamine 硫胺素,维生素b1,硫胺(素),抗神经炎维生素thiazole 噻唑,1,3-硫氮杂茂thiophene 噻吩,硫(杂)茂[抗菌药]thiourea 硫脲,硫尿素threo 苏-,异边-tilt 倾斜,斜置tingtingle 有刺痛感,兴奋,激动tiny 很小的titrate 滴定,被滴定液,逐步滴加,逐步增高剂量,边增加边观察titration 滴定,滴定法toluene 甲苯toluene 甲苯(染料或火药的原料)tong 夹子torque 转矩,力矩,转力矩,扭(力)矩,扭转,偏振光面上的旋转效应transcript 转录物,转录本transition 跃迁,过渡,转变,临界trap 设圈套, 设陷阱, 自陷, 中断, 捕捉trial and error 试验与误差,反复试验tripod 三脚架,三脚台,三脚支撑物trough 谷,沟,槽tubing 管,管道,输液管,油管turbidity 浊度,混浊度混浊, 混乱turning 屑twist 扭,拧,绞,绞合,扭曲,弯曲,绞合器,捻转器,扭转uncrack 未裂开的, 无裂缝的undecane 十一烷undetected 未被发现的undue 不相称的,不适当的,过度的uniform 同样的,均匀的,一致的urea 尿素,氧化淀粉,脲,碳酰胺urination 排尿valence (原子)价,(化合)价,效价ventricular 室的,心室的,腹的,胃的verify .证实,验证versus 对……,与……比较vial 玻璃罐; 药水瓶;vicinal 邻位的,连位的,附近的vicinity 附近,邻近vigorous 强健的,有力的,旺盛的vinegar 醋,醋剂vinyl 乙烯基,乙烯树脂viscous 粘的, 有粘性的, 粘性的volumertric 体积计, 容积计waft 信号旗; 用信号旗打信号watch glass 表玻璃,表面玻璃watchword 口令, 标语, 口号with respect to 关于,就……而论withdraw 撤回, 取回, 撤退wobble 摆动, 动摇, 不稳定;wool 羊毛,绒棉,绒毛,棉花xanthophyll 叶黄素,叶黄质,叶黄二醇,胡萝卜醇yellowish 淡黄色的,浅黄色的yne 炔。
有机化学英语词汇大全
有机化学专业词汇Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的]Enantiotopic 对映异位[腯Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skew con-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的]Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应] -ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium compound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛acetal[化]乙缩醛, 乙缩醛二乙醇Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃化学专业英语词汇常用前后缀-acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 丙烯基 'alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基 .-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇9 a$ f! Q, H: [5 n& G-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12 poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半***i- 六sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三 -tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一 .uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上)-yne 炔活化剂的中英文名称Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate （癸二酸二仲辛酯；癸二酸二2-乙基己酯）Zinc stearate （硬脂酸锌）Suberic acid （辛二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Hexanedioic acid, （己二酸）Sebacic acid, dibutyl ester （癸二酸二丁酯）Abietic acid （松香酸）Lactic acid （乳酸）Poly(ethylene glycol) （聚乙二醇）Glycerol stearate （硬脂酸甘油酯）Imidazoline （咪唑啉，间二氮杂环戊烯）-Pinene （β-蒎烯，β-松油二环烯）Adipic acid （脂肪酸）Butyl acetate （乙酸丁酯）Ethylene glycol butyl ether （乙二醇丁醚）Sebacic acid, （癸二酸）Decanedioic acid, （癸二酸）Ethylene glycol ethyl ether （乙二醇乙醚）2-Butenedioic acid (E)-, （2-丁烯二酸）Succinic acid, （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Ethylene glycol methyl ether （乙二醇甲醚）Acetyl acetate （乙酸乙酰脂）1H-Benzotriazole （1-H-笨并三唑）-Pinene （α-蒎烯,α-松香二环烯）Salicylic acid (水杨酸)Iso-Propanol (异丙醇)Benzoic acid (苯甲酸)Ethanol (乙醇)Lysine (赖氨酸)Glutamic acid (谷氨酸,2-氨基戊二酸)Glyceroyl, （甘油酰）N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-ethylene-diamine （N，N，N，N-四（2-羟基丙基）乙烯二氨）Isoleucine, （异亮氨酸）Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, disalicyloylhydrazide （Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate（3（2，3-2溴丙基）异氰尿酸盐）3-(N-Salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole （3-（N-水杨酰）氨-1，2，4-三唑）Isocyanuric acid （异氰尿酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol diethyl ether （二甘醇二乙醚，（一缩）二乙二醇二乙醚）Butyl carbitol （丁基卡必醇）Ethyl carbitol （乙基卡必醇）Methyl carbitol （甲基卡必醇）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Glutaric acid （戊二酸，谷酸）Succinic acid （琥珀酸，丁二酸）Citric acid （柠檬酸）Salicylic acid （水杨酸）Lactic acid （2-羟基丙酸，乳酸）Glycerin monostearate （甘油一硬脂酸）Pentaerythritol （季戊四醇）tetrakis[-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propionate] 四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基-苯基）丙酸酯Dioctyl sebacate （癸二酸二辛酯）N-Methyl pyrrolidone, （N-甲基吡咯烷酮）Diethylene glycol ethyl ether （二甘醇乙醚）Propylene glycol （丙二醇）Octanedioic acid （辛二酸）Oleamide （油酸酰胺）[olamine 乙醇胺]2-Mercapto benzothiazole （2-巯基-苯并噻唑）Nonanedioic acid, （壬二酸）cis-9-Octadecenoic acid, （顺式-9-十八炭烯酸，油酸）Sebacic acid, uses （癸二酸）12-Hydroxy stearic acid （十二羟基硬脂酸）Phthalic acid （苯二甲酸）1,1,3-Tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)butane （1，1，3-三（2-甲基-4-羟基-5-叔丁基苯基）丁烷）1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene（1，3，5-三甲基-2，4，6-三（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）苯）1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, （1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮）Carbonic acid, （碳酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）2,3-Dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol （2，3-二溴-2-丙烯-1，4-二醇）Cetylpyridinium bromide （溴代十六烷基吡啶）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸） pentanediol (戊二醇) pentanoic acid ( 戊酸) pentanol (戊醇)Butanedioic acid, （丁二酸）1,2-Dibromoethylbenzene （1，2-二溴乙基苯）Salicylic acid, （水杨酸）Stearic acid （硬脂酸）Pentanedioic acid （戊二酸）Maleic acid, （马来酸，失水苹果酸）Phthalic acid, （苯二甲酸）Tartaric acid, （酒石酸）Acetic acid, （乙酸）Polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether （聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚，聚氧化亚乙基辛基分醚）Ethanedioic acid, （乙二酸）Polyethylene glycol （聚乙二醇）Diethylene glycol butyl ether （二甘醇丁醚）Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether （二甘醇单乙醚）Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether （乙二醇单丁醚）Pentaerythritol, （季戊四醇）Diglycol, （二甘醇，一缩二乙二醇）Hexylene glycol （己二醇）Ethylene glycol, （乙二醇）Glycerol, （甘油,丙三醇）Cyclobutanediamine （环丁烷二胺）Dibromobutenediol （二溴丁二醇）Cyclohexanediamine （环己烷二胺）Succinamide （琥珀酰胺，丁二酸胺）Ethylenediamine, （乙二胺）Triethanolamine, （三乙醇胺）5-Aminoisophthalic acid （5-氨基间苯二甲酸）p-tert-Butylbenzoic acid （对叔丁基苯甲酸）Propionic acid, （丙酸）Benzoic acid, （安息香酸, 苯(甲)酸）Salicylamide （水杨酰胺）Aniline, （苯胺）Palmitic acid, （棕榈酸, 十六酸, 软脂酸）Glutamic acid, （谷氨酸） Glutaric acid (谷酸，戊二酸) Glycine, （甘氨酸，氨基乙酸）Malic acid （苹果酸,羟基丁二酸）Adipic acid, （己二酸）Diethanolamine （二乙醇胺）Triethylamine, （三乙胺）Malic acid （苹果酸）Oxalic acid, （草酸）Oleic acid, （油酸）Glutaric acid (谷氨酸)Sorbic acid （山梨酸）sorbic alcohol (山梨醇)=sorbitRoute [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】hin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃei mbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
有机化学专业词汇-英语
有机化学专业词汇Route [`raut]【路线】Strategy ['strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement [ˏri:ә'reindʒmәnt]【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik]【不对称】Migration [mai'greiʃәn]【迁移】Mechanism ['mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ['sʌbstreit]【底物、培养基】Synthesis ['sinθisis]【合成】Labile ['leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә'trɔpik]【共沸的】Scheme [ski:m]【图示】Derivative [di'rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous [ә'nælәgәs]【类似物】Primary ['praimәri]【伯-】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri]【叔-】Functional ['fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst [`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis [kә`tælisis]【催化（作用）】Catalytical [kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis]【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai'drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic [peri'saiklik] reaction【周环反应】transition [træn'ziʒәn] state 【过渡态】homolysis [hɔ'mɔlisis] 【均裂】heterolysis [ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous [ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous [ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ['sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic [ˏlipә`filik]【亲脂性的】chiral [`kai rәl] 【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail] 【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju:kliәu'filik]【亲核的】hydrolysis [hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用)】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解(作用)】displacement [dis'pleismәnt] 【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin] 【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t] 【稀释】dehydrate [di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai'leiʃәn]【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi'keiʃәn]【皂化】emul sification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri:'æktәnt]【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt]【加合物】dissolve [di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation [ˏdegrә'deiʃәn]【降解】mild [maild]【（反应）温和的】harsh [hɑ:ʃ] 【（反应）苛刻的】racemic [rә'si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation [ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ['vɔlәtail]【易挥发的】susceptible [sә'septәbl]【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ['prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt]【组分】Tare [tєә]【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ['kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ['eikwiәs]【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi]【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification [ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn]【纯化】Recrystallization ['rikristәlai'zeiʃәn]【重结晶】Crystalline ['kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation [ˏdisti'leiʃәn]【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn] 【升华】Microwave ['maikrәuweiv]【微波】Infrared ['infrә'red]【红外】ultraviolet ['ʌltrә'vaiәlit] active【紫外显色】isotope ['aisәutәup] 【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә] 【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn]【转化】Stability [stә'biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ['pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ['filtә]【过滤器】Filtration [fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ['filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent ['eljuәnt]【淋洗液】Thin-layer-chromatography [ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi] TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative [pri'pærәtiv] TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC-MS【液质联用仪】Protic ['prәutik]【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik]【非质子的】Decompose [ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu:vәl]【除去】Reduced [ri'dju:st] pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination [iˏlimi'neiʃәn]【消除】Addition [ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd]【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench [bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud] 【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә]【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose [hәuz]【真空管】silicon ['silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink [siŋk]【水槽】neutralize ['nju:trәlaiz]【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox [glʌvә'bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump [pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ['spætjulә] 【刮刀】miscible ['misibl]【混溶的】Quench [kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging ['pә:dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai'treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju'reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:]【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu'skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator ['lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI (de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik]【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju'metrik] 【测体积的】Weighing ['weiiŋ] paper【称量纸】Mechanical [mi'kænikl] stirring apparatus [ˏæpә'reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl] 【加热套】Eclipse [i'klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ['ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә'tɔ:riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ['æksiәl]【直立（键）的】Gauche [gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ['θә:mәudai'næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic [kai'netik]【动力学的】Enantioselective [eˏnæntiәsi'lektiv]【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic [ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】Regioselective ['ri:dʒәu si'lektiv] 【区域选择性的】Stereoselectivity [ˏstiәriәˏsilek'tiviti]【立体选择性】Synthon ['sinθɔn]【合成子】Nitrosation [naitrә'seiʃә:n] 【亚硝化】Tautomer ['tɔ:tәmә]【（互变）异构体】Confirmation [ˏkɔnfɔ:'meiʃәn] 【构型】Equilibrium [ˏi:kwi'libriәm]【平衡】pyrolysis [ˏpaiә'rɔlisis] 【热解】ozonolysis [ ,әuzәu'nɔlisis ] 【臭氧分解】conversion [kәn'vә:ʃәn] ratio ['reiʃiәu] 【转化率】Deprotection【脱保护】Introduction【引入】Cleavage【分离，脱除】。
有机化学专业英语词汇
有机化学专业词汇【基础】organic compounds 有机化合物organic chemistry 有机化学hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式perspective 透视式newman projection纽曼投影式carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物functional group 官能团Cat. Catalytic 催化alkane 烷烃alkene 烯烃alkyne炔烃alcohol 醇phenol 酚ester 酯ether 醚aldehyde 醛ketone 酮carboxylic acid 羧酸diazocompound重氮化合物azocompound 偶氮化合物amine 胺amide 酰胺amino acid氨基酸organic synthesis有机合成【理论】structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体electronegativity 电负性reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应dipole moment偶极矩hydrogen bonding 氢键van der Waals forces 范德华力eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象pericyclic reaction 周环反应【实验】melting point熔点boiling point 沸点recrystallization重结晶distillation蒸馏fractional distillation分馏reflux回流column chromatography柱层析eluant洗脱剂extraction 萃取【谱学知识】NMR nuclear magnetic resonance核磁共振MS mass spectrum 质谱IR Infrared 红外UV ultraviolet 紫外chemical shift 化学位移molecular ion peak 分子离子峰fragmentation 碎裂electronic transition 电子跃迁absorption peak 吸收峰flexure vibration 弯曲振动stretching vibration伸缩振动X-ray diffractionＸ射线衍射【物质缩写】NBS N-Bromosuccinimide N-溴代丁二酰亚胺别名：N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺Ph Phenyl 苯基Bz Benzoyl 苯甲酰基Et Ethyl 乙基CAN Ceric ammonium nitrate 硝酸铈铵Me Methyl 甲基i-Pr isopropyl 异丙基LAH Lithium aluminum hydride 氢化铝锂（LiAlH4）Cy Cyclohexyl 环己基DMF。
有机化学术语(中英文对照)
1.有机化合物的官能团和重要的基团官能团functional group双键double bond三键triple bond烃基hydroxyl group琉基mercapto硫轻基sulfhydryl group羰基carbonyl group氨基amino group亚氨基imino group硝基nitro group亚硝基nitroso group氰基cyano group羧基carboxyl group磺基sulpho group烷基alkyl group苯基phenyl group卡基benzyl group芳基aryl group烯基allyl group烷氧基alkoxyl group酰基acyl group活性亚甲基active methylene group2.有机化合物的类型烃hydrocarbon石蜡paraffin脂肪烃aliphatic hydrocarbon烷烃alkane烯烃alkene炔烃alkyne共扼二烯烃conjugated diene脂环烃alicyclic hydrocarbon螺环化合物spiro compound桥环化合物bridged ring compound 芳烃aromatic hydrocarbon非苯芳烃nonbenzenoid aromatic hydrocarbon稠环芳烃condensed aromatics卤代烃halohydrocarbon醇alcohol酚phenol醚ether环氧化合物epoxide 冠醚crown ether 硫醇thiol硫酚thiophenol硫醚sulfide二硫化物disulfide亚磺酸sulfinic acid 磺酸sulfonic acid 亚砜sulfoxide砜sulfone醛aldehyde酮ketone半缩醛hemiacetaI 半缩酮hemiketal 缩醛acetal缩酮ketal西佛碱shiff's base 肟oxime腙hydrozone缩氨脲semicarbazonea , p -不饱和酮a , p --unsaturated ketonequinone羧酸carboxylic acid酰卤acid halide酸酐acid anhydride酯ester酰胺amide內酯lactone内酰胺lactam月青nitrile取代酸substituted acid羟基酸hydroxy acid醇酸alcoholic acid酚酸phenolic acid酮酸keto acidB-酮酸酯B-ket one ester乙酰乙酸乙醋ethyl acetoacetate亚硝基化合物nitroso compound硝基化合物njtro compound亚胺imine胺amine伯胺primary amine仲胺secondary amine叔胺tertiary amine季铵盐quaternary ammonium salt季铵碱quaternary ammonium hydroxide 重氮盐diazonium salt偶氮化合物azo compound胍guanidine氨基酸amino acid磷phosphine磷酸酯phosphate亚磷酸酯phosphite膦酸酯phosphonate膦酸phosphonic acid3.杂环化合物吡咯pyrrol呋喃furane噻吩thiophone吲哚indole卟吩porphine咪唑imidazole噻唑thioazole吡啶pyridine喹啉quinoline异喹啉isoquinoline吡喃鎓盐pyrylium salts 黄酮flavone嘧啶■■■ I ■pirimidine嘌呤purine4.有机天然产物peptide多肽polypeptide核酸nucleic acid核苷nucleoside核苷酸nucleotide生物碱alkaloid碳水化合物carbohydrate单糖monosaccharide醛糖aldoses酮糖ketosesD- 核糖ribose D-2- 脱氧核糖deoxyribose葡萄糖glucose果糖fructose糖脎osazone糖苷glucoside低聚糖oligosaccharide麦芽糖maltose蔗糖sucrose纤维二糖cellobiose环糊精cyclodextrin多糖polysaccharide淀粉starch纤维素cellulose类脂lipid萜类化合物terpenoid甾族化合物steroid萜类化合物terpenoid脂肪 fat油 oil脂肪酸 fatty acid 甘油三羧酸酯 triglyceride 磷脂 phospholipid 磷脂酸 phosphalidic acid 蜡 wax5. 有机化合物的结构理论 价键理论 valence-bond theory 分子轨道理论 molecular orbital theory 共振论 resonance theory键能 bond energy 键角 bond angle 键长 bond Iength成键轨道 bonding orbital 凯库勒式 Kekule formula 路易斯式 Lewis formula (T 键 (T b ond 7C bond吸电子基团 electron withdrawing 芳性 aromaticity 休克尔规律 Huckel's rule 两性离子 Zwitterion6. 有机化学中的同分异构异构体 isomer反键轨道 antibonding orbital最高已占轨道 HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital 最低末占轨道 LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital 诱导效应 inductive effect 共轭效应conjugated effectn , n -共轭 n , n - conjugation p, n -共轭p, n - conjugation超共轭作用 hyperconjugation 离域能 delocalization energy 共振能 resonance energy 给电子基团 electron donating group group构造constitution构型configuration构象conformation构造异构constitutional isomerism立体异构stereo isomerism构型异构configurational isomerism顺反异构cis-trans isomerism 次序规则sequence ruIe同侧Zugammen Z异侧Entgegen E顺式cis反式trans对映异构enantiomerism = 光学异构旋光异构optical isomerism旋光性optical activity旋光度optical rotation比旋光度specific rotation对称面plane of symmetry对称中心center of symmetry对称轴axis of symmetry手性chirality手性分子chiral molecules对映异构体，对映体enantiomer 非对映体diastereomer外消旋体raceme左旋体leveisomer右旋体dextroisomer内消旋体mesomer费歇尔投影式Fischer projection相对构型relative configuration绝对构型absolute configurationR - 构型R -configurationS - 构型S -configuration赤式erythro苏式threo外消旋化racemization拆分resolution光学纯度Optical Purity对映体过量百分数enantiomeric excess立体专一性反应stereospecific reaction 立体选择性反应stereoselective reaction不对称合成asymmetric synthesis构象异构conformational isomerism构象分析conformational analysis锯架式perspective formula纽曼投影式Newman projection formula椅式chair formmutamerism7. 有机反应的名称加成反应additionreaction马尔科夫尼可夫规律Markovnikov rule船式 boat form直立键 a 键 axial bond 平伏键 e 键 equatorial bond互变异构 tautomerism酮式 keto-form 烯醇式 enol-form差向异构化 epimerization哈武斯式Haworth form取代反应substitution reaction 共轭加成 conjugate addition变旋现象消去反应elemination reaction查依采夫规律Saytzeff rule霍夫曼规律Hofmann rule硼氢化反应hydroboration催化加氢catalytic hydrogenation聚合反应polymerization单体monomer聚合物polymer硝化反应nitration卤化反应halogenation磺化反应sulfonation烷基化反应alkylation酰基化反应acylation酯化反应esterification酯交换反应transesterification脱羧反应decarboxylation 氯甲基化反应chloromethylation精品傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应Friedel-Crafts reactionGrignard reaction 格利雅反应格利雅试剂（格氏试剂）Grignard reagent赖默-梯曼反应Reimer-Tiemann reaction卤仿反应haloform reaction水解反应hydrolysis reaction醇解反应alcoholysis reaction氨解反应ammonolysisi reaction皂化saponification插烯作用vinylogy缩合condensation克莱森缩合Claisen condensation安息香缩合benzoin condensation羟醛缩合aldol condensation列弗尔马茨基反应Reformatsky reaction迈克尔反应Michael reaction诺文格尔反应Knoevenagel reaction加布里反应Gabriel reaction乙酰乙酸乙酯合成法acetoacetic ester synthesis 丙二酸酯合成法malonic ester synthesis 威廉逊合成法William Son synthesis海森堡试验Hinsberg test重氮化反应diazotization reaction偶联反应coupling reaction脱氨基反应deamination reaction维悌希反应Wittig reaction氧化反应oxidation reaction还原反应reduction reaction周环反应pericyclic reaction环加成反应cycloaddition reaction电环化反应electrocyclic reaction坎尼扎罗反应 Cannizzaro reaction 齐齐巴宾反应 Chichibabin reaction 狄尔斯 -阿德尔反应Diels-alderreactionconversation of orbital symmetry考普重排 Cope rearrangement 霍夫曼重排 Hofmann rearrangement 嚬哪醇重排 pinacolrearrangement 弗里茨重排 Friesrearrangement克莱森重排Claisen rearrangement二烯体diene斐林试剂 Fehling reagent 托伦试剂Tollens reagent沃克还原 Wolff-Kishner reduction罗森蒙德还原 Rosenmund reduction 克莱门森还原Clemmenson reduction分子轨道对称守恒原理8.有机反应机理均裂homolytic异裂heterolytic活性中间体active intermediate碳正离子carbocation碳负离子carbanion烯醇负离子enolate anion自由基，游离基free radical卡宾，碳烯carbene氮烯nitrene速度决定步骤rate-determining step哈蒙特假定Hammond postulate能线图energy profile过渡状态transition state邻基参与neighboring group participation动力学控制kinetic control热力学控制thermodynamic control离去基团leaving group 底物substrate 亲电试剂electrofphile 亲核试剂nucleophile 亲电加成反应electrophilic addition 亲电取代反应 electrophilic substitution 定位规律orientation rule 亲核取代反应 nucleophilic substitution SN2 反应机理SN2 reaction SN1 反应机理 SN1 reaction 瓦尔登转化 Walden inversionmechanism mechanism 亲核加成反应nucleophilic addition 亲核加成 -消去反应 nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction 消去反应机理 elimination reaction mechanism E1 反应机理E1 reaction mechanism E2 反应机理 E2 reaction mechanism链引发chain initation 链增长chain propagation 链终止 chain termination9. 有机化合物的光谱Fourier Transformmolar extinction coefficient红外光谱IR Infrared spectra 发色团chromophore 助色团auxochrome 反式消去anti elimination 重排反应机理rearrangement reaction mechanism 自由基反应free radical reaction 傅立叶变换指纹区finger print region 吸收频率absorption frequency 紫外光谱UV Ultraviolet spectra 电子跃迁elctronic transition 吸光度absorbance 摩尔消光系数核磁共振NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance1HNMR 谱1HNMR spectra13CNMR 谱13CNMR spectra屏蔽效应shielding effect化学位移chemical shift自旋偶合spin-spin coupling自旋裂分spin-spin splitting偶合常数coupling constant质子去偶proton spin decoupling质子偏共振去偶proton off-resonance decoupling质谱Mass Spectra(MS)电子流轰击election impact (EI)快原子轰击fast atom bombarment (FAB)分子离子峰molecular ion peak同位素峰isotopic peakbase peak质荷比 (m/z) mass-to-charge ratio10. 分子间作用力11. 物理性质 熔点melting point 沸点boiling point 密度density 溶解度solubility 偶极矩 dipole moment12.有机化合物的酸碱性酸性acidity 碱性 basicity氢键 hydrogenbond 色散力 dispersion force 范德华力 Van Der Waals force偶极-偶极作用力dipole-dipole interraction force 基峰<HTML>本站材料仅为本院教师与学生教学所用，请勿它用！</HTML>感谢下载!欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考感谢下载!欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考。
有机化学英语专业词汇
有机化学英语专业词汇organic compounds有机化合物compounds of carbon碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry有机化学structure of molecule分子结构chemical bond化学键covalent bond共价键hybrid orbital杂化轨道bond length键长bond angle键角bond energy键能polarity极性dissociation energy离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula结构式octet八隅体perspective透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group官能团chain compoud链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces范德华力hydrogen bonding氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction亲核反应物理化学英语词汇19203137发表于:2008-5-0822:31来源:化学吧-化学论坛-学术论坛BET公式BET formulaDL VO理论DLVO theoryHLB法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVT propertyζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein’s law of photochemical equivalence爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant安托万方程Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论Onsager’s theory of conductance半电池half cell半衰期half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气saturated vapor饱和吸附量saturated extent ofadsorption饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限explosion limits比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity标准电动势standard electromotive force 标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function标准摩尔燃烧焓standard molar combustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbs function标准平衡常数standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode 标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy标准压力standard pressure标准状况standard condition表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量apparent molecular weight表观迁移数apparent transference number 表面surfaces表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surface excess 表面张力surface tension表面质量作用定律surface mass action law波义尔定律Boyle law波义尔温度Boyle temperature波义尔点Boyle point玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmann distribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色－爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise不可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes不可逆相变化irreversible phase change 布朗运动brownian movement查理定律Charle’s law产率yield敞开系统open system超电势over potential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium触变thixotropy粗分散系统thick disperse system催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反应unimolecular reaction单链反应straight chain reactions弹式量热计bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律Dalton law道尔顿分压定律Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula德拜－休克尔极限公式Debye-Huckel’slimiting equation等焓过程isenthalpic process等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理theorem of equal probability 等温等容位Helmholtz free energy等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程equation at constant temperature低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture低会溶点lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵third-law entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption电池常数cell constant电池电动势electromotive force of cells 电池反应cell reaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force电动电势zeta potential电功electric work电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemical polarization 电极电势electrode potential电极反应reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁移electro migration电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis 丁达尔效应Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant volume定容温度计Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant pressure定压温度计constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制kinetics control独立子系统independent particle system 对比摩尔体积reduced mole volume对比体积reduced volume对比温度reduced temperature对比压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers二级反应second order reaction二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数faraday constant法拉第定律Faraday’s law反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis反应分子数molecularity反应级数reaction orders反应进度extent of reaction反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数constant of reaction rate 范德华常数van der Waals constant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force范德华气体van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程van’t Hoff equation范特霍夫规则van’t Hoff rule范特霍夫渗透压公式van’t Hoff equation of osmotic pressure非基元反应non-elementary reactions非体积功non-volume work非依时计量学反应time independent stoichiometric reactions菲克扩散第一定律Fick’s first law of diffusion沸点boiling point沸点升高elevation of boiling point费米－狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics 分布distribution分布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage分配定律distribution law分散系统disperse system分散相dispersion phase分体积partial volume分体积定律partial volume law分压partial pressure分压定律partial pressure law分子反应力学mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统closed system附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode感胶离子序lyotropic series杠杆规则lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method 格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’s law隔离系统isolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed功work功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution共沸温度azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol固态混合物solid solution固相线solid phase line光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensitized reactions光谱熵spectrum entropy广度性质extensive property广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor过程process过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water过冷液体overcooled liquid过热液体overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy 亥氏函数Helmholtz function焓enthalpy亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity atconstant volume恒容热heat at constant volume恒外压constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction化学反应进度extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势chemical potential化学势判据chemical potential criterion 化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment环境熵变entropy change in environment 挥发度volatility混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control活化络合物理论activated complex theory离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle节流过程throttling process节流膨胀throttling expansion节流膨胀系数coefficient of throttling expansion结线tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附dissociation chemical adsorption界面interfaces 界面张力surface tension浸湿immersion wetting浸湿功immersion wetting work精馏rectify聚（合）电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉coagulation聚沉值coagulation value绝对反应速率理论absolute reaction rate theory绝对熵absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数adiabatic index卡诺定理Carnot theorem卡诺循环Carnot cycle开尔文公式Kelvin formula柯诺瓦洛夫－吉布斯定律Konovalov-Gibbs law科尔劳施离子独立运动定律Kohlrausch’s Law of Independent Migration of Ions可能的电解质potential electroly可逆电池reversible cell可逆过程reversible process可逆过程方程reversible process equation 可逆体积功reversible volume work可逆相变reversible phase change克拉佩龙方程Clapeyron equation克劳修斯不等式Clausius inequality克劳修斯－克拉佩龙方程Clausius-Clapeyron equation控制步骤control step库仑计coulometer扩散控制diffusion controlled拉普拉斯方程Laplace’s equation拉乌尔定律Raoult law兰格缪尔－欣谢尔伍德机理Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism兰格缪尔吸附等温式Langmuir adsorption isotherm formula雷利公式Rayleigh equation冷冻系数coefficient of refrigeration冷却曲线cooling curve离解热heat of dissociation离解压力dissociation pressure离域子系统non-localized particle systems离子的标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation of ion离子的电迁移率mobility of ions离子的迁移数transport number of ions离子独立运动定律law of the independent migration of ions离子氛ionic atmosphere离子强度ionic strength理想混合物perfect mixture理想气体ideal gas理想气体的绝热指数adiabatic index of ideal gases理想气体的微观模型micro-model of ideal gas理想气体反应的等温方程isothermal equation of ideal gaseous reactions理想气体绝热可逆过程方程adiabatic reversible process equation of ideal gases 理想气体状态方程state equation of ideal gas理想稀溶液ideal dilute solution理想液态混合物perfect liquid mixture粒子particles粒子的配分函数partition function of particles连串反应consecutive reactions链的传递物chain carrier链反应chain reactions量热熵calorimetric entropy量子统计quantum statistics量子效率quantum yield临界参数critical parameter临界常数critical constant临界点critical point临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration临界摩尔体积critical molar volume临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure临界状态critical state零级反应zero order reaction流动电势streaming potential流动功flow work笼罩效应cage effect路易斯－兰德尔逸度规则Lewis-Randall rule of fugacity露点dew point露点线dew point line麦克斯韦关系式Maxwell relations麦克斯韦速率分布Maxwell distribution of speeds麦克斯韦能量分布MaxwelIdistribution of energy毛细管凝结condensation in capillary毛细现象capillary phenomena米凯利斯常数Michaelis constant摩尔电导率molar conductivity摩尔反应焓molar reaction enthalpy摩尔混合熵mole entropy of mixing摩尔气体常数molar gas constant摩尔热容molar heat capacity摩尔溶解焓mole dissolution enthalpy摩尔稀释焓mole dilution enthalpy内扩散控制internal diffusions control内能internal energy内压力internal pressure能级energy levels能级分布energy level distribution能量均分原理principle of the equipartition of energy能斯特方程Nernst equation能斯特热定理Nernst heat theorem凝固点freezing point凝固点降低lowering of freezing point凝固点曲线freezing point curve凝胶gelatin凝聚态condensed state凝聚相condensed phase浓差超电势concentration over-potential 浓差极化concentration polarization浓差电池concentration cells帕斯卡pascal泡点bubble point泡点线bubble point line配分函数partition function配分函数的析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state碰撞截面collision cross section碰撞数the number of collisions偏摩尔量partial mole quantities平衡常数（理想气体反应）equilibrium constants for reactions of ideal gases平动配分函数partition function of translation平衡分布equilibrium distribution平衡态equilibrium state平衡态近似法equilibrium state approximation平衡状态图equilibrium state diagram平均活度mean activity平均活度系统mean activity coefficient 平均摩尔热容mean molar heat capacity 平均质量摩尔浓度mean mass molarity平均自由程mean free path平行反应parallel reactions破乳demulsification铺展spreading普遍化范德华方程universal van der Waals equation其它功the other work气化热heat of vaporization气溶胶aerosol气体常数gas constant气体分子运动论kinetic theory of gases 气体分子运动论的基本方程foundamental equation of kinetic theory of gases气溶胶aerosol气相线vapor line迁移数transport number潜热latent heat强度量intensive quantity强度性质intensive property亲液溶胶hydrophilic sol氢电极hydrogen electrodes区域熔化zone melting热heat热爆炸heat explosion热泵heat pump热功当量mechanical equivalent of heat 热函heat content热化学thermochemistry热化学方程thermochemical equation热机heat engine热机效率efficiency of heat engine热力学thermodynamics热力学第二定律the second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律the third law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律the first law of thermodynamics热力学基本方程fundamental equation of thermodynamics热力学几率thermodynamic probability 热力学能thermodynamic energy热力学特性函数characteristic thermodynamic function热力学温标thermodynamic scale of temperature热力学温度thermodynamic temperature 热熵thermal entropy热效应heat effect熔点曲线melting point curve熔化热heat of fusion溶胶colloidal sol溶解焓dissolution enthalpy溶液solution溶胀swelling乳化剂emulsifier乳状液emulsion润湿wetting润湿角wetting angle萨克尔－泰特洛德方程Sackur-Tetrode equation三相点triple point三相平衡线triple-phase line熵entropy熵判据entropy criterion熵增原理principle of entropy increase 渗透压osmotic pressure渗析法dialytic process生成反应formation reaction升华热heat of sublimation实际气体real gas舒尔采－哈迪规则Schulze-Hardy rule 松驰力relaxation force松驰时间time of relaxation速度常数reaction rate constant速率方程rate equations速率控制步骤rate determining step塔费尔公式Tafel equation态－态反应state-state reactions唐南平衡Donnan equilibrium淌度mobility特鲁顿规则Trouton rule特性粘度intrinsic viscosity体积功volume work统计权重statistical weight统计热力学statistic thermodynamics 统计熵statistic entropy途径path途径函数path function外扩散控制external diffusion control 完美晶体perfect crystalline完全气体perfect gas微观状态microstate微态microstate 韦斯顿标准电池Weston standard battery 维恩效应Wien effect维里方程virial equation维里系数virial coefficient稳流过程steady flow process稳态近似法stationary state approximation无热溶液athermal solution无限稀溶液solutions in the limit of extreme dilution物理化学Physical Chemistry物理吸附physisorptions吸附adsorption吸附等量线adsorption isostere吸附等温线adsorption isotherm吸附等压线adsorption isobar吸附剂adsorbent吸附量extent of adsorption吸附热heat of adsorption吸附质adsorbate析出电势evolution or deposition potential析因子性质property that partition function to be expressed as a product of the separate partition functions for each kind of state稀溶液的依数性colligative properties of dilute solutions稀释焓dilution enthalpy系统system系统点system point系统的环境environment of system相phase相变phase change相变焓enthalpy of phase change相变化phase change相变热heat of phase change相点phase point相对挥发度relative volatility相对粘度relative viscosity相律phase rule相平衡热容heat capacity in phase equilibrium相图phase diagram相倚子系统system of dependent particles悬浮液suspension循环过程cyclic process压力商pressure quotient压缩因子compressibility factor压缩因子图diagram of compressibility factor亚稳状态metastable state盐桥salt bridge盐析salting out阳极anode杨氏方程Young’s equation液体接界电势liquid junction potential 液相线liquid phase lines一级反应first order reaction一级相变first order phase change依时计量学反应time dependent stoichiometric reactions逸度fugacity逸度系数coefficient of fugacity阴极cathode荧光fluorescence永动机perpetual motion machine永久气体Permanent gas有效能available energy原电池primary cell原盐效应salt effect增比粘度specific viscosity憎液溶胶lyophobic sol沾湿adhesional wetting沾湿功the work of adhesional wetting 真溶液true solution真实电解质real electrolyte真实气体real gas真实迁移数true transference number 振动配分函数partition function of vibration 振动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压下降depression of vapor pressure 正常沸点normal point正吸附positive adsorption支链反应branched chain reactions直链反应straight chain reactions指前因子pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration中和热heat of neutralization轴功shaft work转动配分函数partition function of rotation转动特征温度characteristic temperature of vibration转化率convert ratio转化温度conversion temperature状态state状态方程state equation状态分布state distribution化学试剂和药品中英文名称对照19203137发表于:2008-5-0822:24来源:化学吧-化学论坛-学术论坛1,1,1-Trichloroethane(Methyl chloroform) 1,1,1-三氯乙烷(甲基氯仿)1,1,1-Trichloroethylene1,1,1-三氯乙烯1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷1,1,2-Trichloroethane1,1,2-三氯乙烷1,1-Dichloroethane1,1-二氯乙烷1,2:3,4-Dibenzanthracene1,2:3,4-二苯并□1,2:5,6-Dibenzanthracene1,2:5,6-二苯并□1,2-Benzanthracene1,2-苯并□1,2-Diaminoethane(Ethylenediamine)1,2-二胺基乙烷(乙二胺)1,2-Dichlorobenzene(o-Dichlorobenzene) 1,2-二氯苯(邻二氯苯)1,2-Dichloroethane(Ethylene dichloride)1,2-二氯乙烷(二氯化乙烷)1,2-Dimethoxyethane1,2-二甲氧基乙烷1,3-Benzenediol间苯二酚1,3-Butadiene1,3-丁二烯1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p-Dichlorobenzene) 1,4-二氯苯(对二氯苯)1,4-Dioxan(Dioxan)1,4-二氧陆圜(二恶烷) 1,5-Naphthylene diisocyanate1,5-□撑二异氰酸酯10-Hydroxy-2-decylenic acid10-羟基-2-癸烯酸1-Butanol(n-Butyl alcohol)1,3-丁醇(正丁醇)1-Chloro-2,3-epoxy propane (Epichlorohydrin)1-氯代-2,3-环氧丙烷(表氯醇)1-Cyclohexyl-3-para-toluenesulphonylurea(t olcyclamide)甲磺环己□(对甲苯磺□环己□) PP1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸DD1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸1-Methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid;its salts;its esters;their salts1-甲基-4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸;其盐类;其酯类;它们的盐类PP-S11-phenyl-2-propanone1-苯基-2-丙酮2,2,2-Trichloroethyl alcohol,esters of;their salts2,2,2-三氯乙醇之酯类;它们的盐类PP-S1,S32,2'-Iminodi(ethylamine)(Diethylene triamine)2,2*-亚胺基二乙基胺(二乙撑三胺)2,3-Benzofluorene2,3-苯并芴2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-Trioxan(Paraldehyde) 2,4,6-三甲基-1,3,5-三恶烷(副醛)2-Butanol(sec-Butyl alcohol)2-丁醇(仲丁醇)2-Butanone(Methyl ethyl ketone)[MEK]2-丁酮(甲基乙基甲酮)2-Butoxyethanol[EGBE]2-丁氧基乙醇2-Ethoxyethanol[EGEE]2-乙氧基乙醇2-Ethoxyethyl acetate[EGEEA]醋酸-2-乙氧基乙酯2-Furaldehyde(Furfural)糠醛(□喃甲醛)2-Heptanone(Methyl n-amyl ketone)2-庚酮(甲基正戊基甲酮)2-Hexanone(Methyl n-butyl ketone)2-己酮(甲基正丁基甲酮)2-Methoxyethanol[EGME]2-甲氧基乙醇2-Methoxyethyl acetate[EGMEA]醋酸-2-甲氧基乙酯2-methyl-1-propanol2-甲基丁醇2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid2-甲基-3-吗□酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenyl-propan ecarboxylic acid2-甲基-3-吗□酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸DD2-Methyl-3-morpholino-1,1-diphenylpropane carboxylic acid;its salts;its esters;their salts2-甲基-3-***酮-1,1-二苯基丙烷羧酸;其盐类;其酯类;它们的盐类PP-S12-Methylbuta-1,3-diene2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯2-Methylbutan-2-ol2-甲基-2-丁醇2-Methylpropan-2-ol(tert-Butyl alcohol)2-甲基丙-2-醇(叔丁醇)2-Phenylcinchoninic acid;2-salicylcinchoninic acid;their salts;their esters辛可芬(2-苯基金鸡宁酸);2-水杨□金鸡宁酸;它们的盐类;它们的酯类PP-S1,S32-Propen-1-ol(Allyl alcohol)2-丙烯醇(丙烯醇)3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)alanine;its salts3-(3,4-二羟苯基)丙氨酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine(o-Dianisidine)3,3*-二甲氧基联苯胺(邻联茴香胺)3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohex-2-enone (Isophorone)3,5,5-三甲基环己-2-烯酮(异佛尔酮)3.4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA)3,4-亚甲二氧基乙基安非他明DD 3.4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基安非他明DD 3.4-methylenedioxy-phenyl-2-propanone 3,4-亚甲二氧-苯基-2-丙酮3-Di-n-butylaminomethyl-4,5,6-trihydroxyp hthalide3-正丁胺甲基-4,5,6-三羟基苯并□喃酮PP3-Heptanone(Ethyl butyl ketone)3-庚酮(乙基丁基甲酮)3-Hydroxymorphinan;its salts;its optical isomers;their salts,their esters and ethers; their salts3-羟基***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类;它们的酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S13-Hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan;its salts;its optical isomers;their salts3-羟基-N-甲基***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类PP-S13-Hydroxy-N-phenacylmorphinan;its salts; its optical isomers;their salts;their esters and ethers;their salts3-羟基-N-苯甲□***喃;其盐类;其光学异构体;它们的盐类;它们的酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S13-methyl-1-propanol3-甲基丁醇4,5-Benzopyrene4,5-苯并芘4-Aminodiphenyl and its salts4-安基联苯及其盐4-Cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine4-氰基-1-甲基-4-苯基□啶DD4-Cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine;its salts4-氰基-1-甲基-4-苯基□啶;其盐类PP-S1 4-Cyano-2-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenylbuta ne4-氰基-2-二甲胺基-4,4-二苯基丁烷DD4-Cyano-2-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenylbuta ne;its salts4-氰基-2-二甲氨基-4,4-二苯基丁烷;其盐类PP-S14-Epianhydrotetracycline4-差向脱水四环素AT4-Epitetracycline4-差向四环素AT 4H-Cyclopenta[def]phenathrene4H-环戊[def]菲4-Methoxysalicyladehyde4-甲氧基水杨酸4-Methyl aminorex4-甲基阿米雷司DD4-methylthioamphetamine4-甲硫苯胺(4-甲硫安非他明)DD4-Nitrodiphenyl4-硝基联苯4-Phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester4-苯基□啶-4-羧酸乙酯DD4-Phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester;its salts去甲□替啶;其盐类PP-S15-Phenylhydantoin;its alkyl and aryl derivatives;their salts5-苯基海因(5-苯基乙内□□);其烷其烷基与芬香基的衍生物;它们的盐类PP-S1,S39,10-Dihydroanthracene9,10-二氢□Abciximab阿昔单抗PP-S1,S3ABO grouping ABO分型absorbed dose吸收剂量absorption technique吸收法abundance ratio含量比例Acamprosate;its salts阿坎酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acarbose;its salts阿卡波糖;其盐类PP-S1,S3acaricide刹□剂acceleration加速；加速度acceleration of gravity重力加速度acceleration scuff加速擦印Acceptable Daily Intake[ADI]日容许摄入量accessibility可达性accreditation认可；认证accumulated dose累积剂量Acebutolol;its salts醋丁洛尔;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acemetacin,its salts阿西美卒;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acenaphthene二氢□Acenaphthylene□Acetaldehyde乙醛Acetanilide乙□苯胺Acetanilide;alkyl acetanilides乙□苯胺;烷基乙□苯胺类PP-S1,S2,S3Acetazolamide乙□唑胺Acetic acid醋酸(乙酸)Acetic anhydride醋酐；酸酐Acetohexamide醋磺己□PP-S1,S3Acetone丙酮Acetonitrile乙□Acetorphine;its salts;its esters and ethers; their salts乙□氧戊甲***;其盐类;其酯类及醚类;它们的盐类PP-S1,S3Acetrizoic acid醋碘苯酸PP-S1,S3Acetyl chloride乙□氯Acetylcarbromal乙□阿达林PP-S1,S3 Acetyldihydrocodeine醋氢可待因DD Acetyldihydrocodeine;its salts醋氢可待因;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acetylene乙炔Aciclovir;its salts阿昔洛韦;其盐类PP-S1,S3acid酸acid digestion酸消化acid phosphatase酸性磷酸□acid purification system酸净化系统；酸再生系统acid rain酸雨acid strength酸强度acid value酸价acidic酸性acidic dyes酸性色料acidosis酸中毒Acipimox;its salts阿西莫司;其盐类PP-S1,S3Acitretin;its salts;its esters阿维A;其盐类;其酯类PP-S1,S3Aclarubicin阿柔比星ATAconite,alkaloids of乌头生物硷PP Aconitine乌头□PPAcrivastine阿伐斯汀PPAcrylic acid丙烯酸Acrylonitrile丙烯□Actinium[Ac]锕Actinomycin放线菌素ATactivated charcoal tube活性碳采样管activited carbon活性碳activity concentration活度浓度acute exposure急性照射量(放射) Adapalene;its salts;its esters阿达帕林;其盐类;其酯类PP-S1,S3addiction瘾；癖嗜additives添加物；添加剂(食物)adhesion tester粘性测试器Adipidone胆影酸Administration Headquarters行政总部Administration Section行政部Adrenaline肾上腺素Adriamycin阿霉素ATadsorption technique吸附法adulterant搀杂物adulteration掺加；掺杂aerosol气溶胶；烟雾剂；浮质Aesculetin秦皮乙素Aesculin秦皮甲素Aflatoxins黄曲霉素agarose gel□脂糖凝胶agarose gel electrophoresis□脂糖凝胶电泳agglutinates凝集物agglutination凝集作用Agricultural Pesticides Ordinance除害剂条例agrochemical农用化学品Air Chemistry Section空气化验组air particulate空气粒子；大气粒子Air Pollution Control Ordinance空气污染管制条例airborne particle counter空气粒子计数器Alclofenac;its complexes阿氯芬酸;其复合物PP-S1,S3alcohol酒精Alcohol,denatured变性醇(食物) alcoholic strength酒精度Alcuronium;its salts双烯丙毒马钱硷类;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aldesleukin阿地白介素PP-S1,S3Aldrin氯甲桥□Alendronic acid;its salts阿仑膦酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Alfuzosin;its salts阿夫唑秦;其盐类PP-S1,S3alignment of radical根团的排列Alizapride;its salts阿立必利;其盐类PP-S1,S3alkaline phosphatase□性磷酸□alkaloid生物□alleged father疑父allele等位基因allele frequency等位基因频率allergy过敏反应Allopurinol别嘌醇PPallyl alcohol丙烯醇Allylisopropylacetylurea烯丙异丙乙□□PP-S1,S3Allylprodine;its salts烯丙罗定;其盐类PP-S1Almitrine;its salts阿米三□;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aloe-emodin芦荟大黄素Aloin芦荟□alpha particle阿尔法粒子；氦原子核alpha spectrometry阿尔法谱法alpha,alpha-Dichlorotolueneα,α-二氯甲苯alpha,alpha-Dimethylbenzyl hydroperoxide α,α-二甲□基过氧化氢Alphacetylmethadolα-乙□美沙多DD Alphacetylmethadol(?\-Acetylmethadol)α-乙□美沙多DDAlphadolone;its esters阿法多龙;其酯类PP-S1,S3alpha-foetal protein[AFP]甲种胎儿蛋白alpha-Meprodine;its salts阿法美罗定;其盐类PP-S1Alphamethadolα-美沙多DDAlpha-methadolα-美沙多DD alpha-Naphthylacetic acid;its salts阿法□乙酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3alpha-Prodine;its salts阿法罗定;其盐类PP-S1Alphaxalone阿法沙龙PP-S1,S3Alpinetin山姜素Alprazolam阿普唑仑DDAlprenolol;its salts阿普洛尔;其盐类PP-S1,S3Alprostadil前列地尔PP-S1,S3Alteplase纤维蛋白溶□原活化剂PP-S1,S3 altered document经涂改的文件Alufibrate祛脂酸铝PP-S1,S3Aluminium[Al]铝Amantadine;its salts金刚胺;其盐类PP-S1,S3ambient air环境空气ambient dose环境剂量American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists[ACGIH]美国政府工业卫生专家协会American Industrial Hygiene Association [AIHA]美国工业卫生协会American Society for Testing and Materials [ASTM]美国试验与材料协会Americium[Am]□Amfepramone二乙胺苯丙酮DD Amidopyrine;its salts氨基比林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amifostine;its salts氨磷汀;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amikacin丁胺卡那霉素ATAmiloride;its salts氨基比林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amineptine;its salts阿米庚酸;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amino-alcohols esterified with benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid,phenylpropionic acid, cinnamic acid or the derivatives of these acids;their salts(except procaine when in a preparation containing any substance towhich the Antibiotics Ordinance for the time being applies)氨基醇(经苯甲酸,苯乙酸,苯丙酸,肉桂酸或上述各酸的衍生物酯化者);它们的盐类(但在含有《抗生素绦例》(第137章)当其时适用的物质的制剂中的普鲁卡因除外) PP-S2(Procaine)Aminoglutethimide氨鲁米特PP-S1,S3 Aminophylline;its salts氨茶硷;其盐类PP Aminopterin;its derivatives氨蝶呤;其衍生物PP-S1,S3Aminorex阿米雷司DDAminorex;its salts阿米雷司;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amiodarone;its salts胺碘酮;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amitriptyline;its salts阿米替林;其盐类PP-S1,S3Amlodipine;its salts氨氯地平;其盐类PP-S1,S3Ammonia氨Ammonia-N氨－氮Ammonium dichromate重铬酸铵Ammonium fluorosilicate氟硅酸铵Ammonium Glycyrrhizinate甘草酸单铵盐Amosite铁石棉；棕石棉Amoxicillin羟氨□青霉素AT Amphetamine安非他明DDAmphomycin安福霉素ATAmphotericin两性霉素ATAmphotericin B两性霉素B ATAmpicillin trihydrate氨□青霉素三水物AT amplification扩增amplifier放大器Amrinone氨力农PP-S1,S3Amsacrine;its salts安□啶;其盐类PP-S1,S3 Amyl alcohol,mixed isomers,with the exception of tert-pentanol戊醇，异构体混合物，叔戊醇除外Amyl nitrite亚硝酸异戊酯PPamylase淀粉□Amylene hydrate水合戊烯PP-S1,S3analeptic回苏剂analgesic止痛剂Analgin安乃近analogue-to-digital converter模拟-数码变换器Analytical and Advisory Services Division分析及谘询事务部analytical column分析柱Analytical Methods Manual(AMM)分析方法手册Analytical Reagent[AR]分析纯anaphylactic shock过敏性休克Anastrozole;its salts阿那曲唑;其盐类PP-S1,S3Androgenic,oestrogenic and progestational substances雄激素;雌激素与孕激素物质PP-S1,S3Andrographolide穿心莲内酯anemometer风速计anesthetic麻醉剂aneurysm动脉瘤angina pectoris心绞痛Anhydrotetracycline脱水四环素AT Anileridine;its salts阿尼利定;其盐类PP-S1 Aniline and homologues苯胺及其同系物Animals and Plants(Protection of Endangered Species)Ordinance动植物(濒临绝种生物保护)条例anion阴离子anionic surfactants阴离子洗涤剂Anisic acid茴香酸Anisodamine hydrobromide氢溴酸山茛菪硷Anistreplase;its salts茴香□化纤溶□原溶栓□活化剂复合物PP-S1,S3anneal退火(冶金)annihilation湮没annual limit of intake[ALI]年吸入量限值；年撮入量限值anode阳极；正极anorexia厌食；无胃口antacid抗酸剂Antazoline安他唑林PP-S1,S3ante-mortem死前anthelmintic抗蠕虫剂Anthracene□anthranilic acid邻氨苯碌甲酸antibiotic抗生素；抗菌素Antibiotics Ordinance抗生素条例antibody抗体anticholinergic抗胆□的anticoagulant抗凝血剂anticonvulsant抗抽搐剂；抗痉挛剂antidepressant抗抑制剂；抗镇抑剂antiemetic止吐(呕)剂antihistamine抗组织胺剂Antimony[Sb]锑Antimony pentachloride五氯化锑Antimony trichloride三氯化锑Antimony,chlorides of;organic compounds of;antimonates;antimonites锑盐的氯化物;锑的有机化合物;锑酸盐;亚锑酸盐PP-S1,S2 antioxidants抗氧化剂antipruritic止痒剂antipyretic退热剂Antipyrine安替比林antiserum抗血清Antithymocyte Immunoglobulin抗胸腺细胞免疫球蛋白PP-S1,S3antitussive镇咳剂anvil砧子AOAC Official Method公职分析化学工作者协会法定方法apnoea呼吸暂停Apomorphine;its salts;its quaternary compounds阿扑***;其盐类;其四级化合物PP-S1,S3Aprindine;its salts安博律定;其盐类PP-S1,S3Aramid芳族聚□胺Argon[Ar]氩Argon Ion Laser氩离子激光器Aristolochic Acid马兜铃酸Aroclor亚老哥尔arrhythmia心律失常Arsenic[As]砷Arsenic and soluble compounds砷及其可溶化合物Arsenical substances,the following:halides of arsenic;organic compounds of arsenic; oxides of arsenic;sulphides of arsenic; arsenates;arsenites;thioarsenates含砷物贸如下;砷的卤代物;砷的有机化合物;砷的氧化物;砷的硫化物;砷酸盐;亚砷酸盐;硫代砷酸盐PP-S1,S2Arsine胂(砷化氢)articulated vehicle拖挂车；连挂车artificial colouring matter人造色料artificial sweetener人造甜味素as low as reasonably achievable[ALARA]可合理达到的尽可能低的水平Asbestos石棉Asbestos-Amosite铁石棉；棕石棉Asbestos-Chrysotile温石棉；白石棉Asbestos-Crocidolite青石棉；蓝石棉Asbestos Containing Materials[ACM]含石棉物品Asbestosis石棉肺ash content灰分ashing灰化Asphalt(petroleum)fumes沥青(石油)烟雾assay定量；含量测定assay pliers试样钳Assistant Departmental Secretary助理部门秘书Assistant Government Chemist助理政府化验师assisted signature辅助签名(文件) Association of Official Agricultural Chemists 政府农业化学家协会Association of Official Analytical Chemists [AOAC]公职分析化学工作者协会Astatine[At]□Astemizole阿司米唑PP-S1,S3。
有机化学专业术语英文版
Angular methyl group角甲基Alkylidene group亚烷基Allyl group烯丙基Allylic烯丙型[的]Aryl group芳基Activating group活化基团Auxochrome助色团Acyl cation酰[基]正离子Arenirm ion芳[基]正离子Aci form酸式Asymmetric atom不对称原子Asymmetric carbon不对称碳Absolute configuration绝对构型Achiral非手性[的]Anomer端基[差向]异构体Anti conformation反式构象Anti periplanar conformation反叠构象Atropismer阻转异构体Axial bond直[立]键Aromaticity芳香性Aromatic sexter芳香六隅Antiaromaticity反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon交替烃Antarafacial reaction异面反应Ambident两可[的]Acid-base catalyxed reaction酸性溶剂Acid-base catalyzed reaction酸碱催化反应Anomeric effect端基异构效应Aromatic nucleophilic substitu-tion芳香亲核取代Anti-Markovnikov addition反马氏加成Addition-elimination mechanism加成消除机理Apofacial reaction反面反应Aryl action芳正离子Anti-Zaitsev orientation反札依采夫定向Anionic cleavage负离子裂解Alkylation烷基化Arylation芳基化Acylation酰化Amination氨基化acyloxyation酰氧基化Allylic halogenation烯丙型卤化Additive dimerization加成二聚Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage酰基裂解Alcoholysis醇解Aminomethylation氨甲基化Aldol condensation羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation偶姻缩合Annulation,annelation增环反应Autoxidation自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation烯丙型氢过氧化Aromatization芳构化Abstraction夺取[反应] Aminomercuration氨汞化Allylic migration烯丙型重排Allylic migration烯丙型迁移Acyl rearrangement酰基重排Anionotropy负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement负离子转移重排Aliphatic compound脂肪族化合物Alkane烷Alkene烯Alkyen炔Acetylide炔化物Active hydrogen compounds活泼氢化合物Allene丙二烯Alkyl halide卤代烷Alcohol醇Amine胺Amine oxide氧化胺Aldehyde醛Aldehyde hydrate醛水合物Acetal缩醛Aminal缩醛胺Aldimine醛亚胺Aldimine醛肟Azine嗪Acyl halide酰卤Acyl fluoride酰氟Acyl chloride酰氯Acyl rtomide酰溴Acyl iodide酰碘Acyl tosylate酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Acyl peroxide酰基过氧化物Amide酰胺Acyl azide酰叠氮Amidine脒Acyl cyanide酰腈Allophanate脲基甲酸酯Amino acid氨基酸Aldol羟醛Acyloin偶姻Aldose醛糖Aglycon苷元Alditol糖醇Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Aromatic compound稠环化合物Arene芳香化合物Alkylbenzene芳烃Aiaryl联苄Acene并苯Aryne芳炔Annulene烨烯Azulene？Alkaloid生物碱Azoxy compound氧化偶氮化合物Azlactone二氢？唑酮Azepine氮杂？Arsine胂Arsenic ylide 砷叶立德Azo cimpound偶氮化物Benzyl group苄基Benzylic苄型[的]Bridged-ring system桥环体系Benzylic cation苄[基]正离子Bisecting conformation等分构象Boat conformation船型构象Banana bond香蕉键Basic solvent碱性溶剂B strain后张力Bimolecular nucleophilic sub-stitution双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilic substi-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment)双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tution双分子亲电取代Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination双分子消除Bimolecular elimination with for-mation of a carbonyl group双分子羰基形成消除Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage双分子碱催化烷氧断裂Borderline mechanism边理机理Backside attack背面进攻Briddgehead displacement桥头取代Benzyne苯炔Bredt rule布雷特规则Bisamination双氨基化Bimolecular reduction双分子还原Benzilic rearrangement二苯乙醇酸重排Betaine甜菜碱Bibenzyl烷基苯Biphenyl 联芳Biphenyl联苯Benzvalene盆苯Barrelene桶烯Benzoin苯偶姻Benzil偶苯酰Chromophore生色团Common ring普通环Conjugation共轭Conjugated-system共轭体系Configuration构型Chirality手性Chiral手性[的]Chiral center手性中心Chiral molecule手性分子Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence顺序规则Cis-trans isomerism顺反异构Conformation构象Conformational构象分析Conformational inversion构象反转Chair conformation椅型构象Cisoid conformation顺向构象Conformer构象异构体Conformational effect构象效应Cram’s rube克拉姆规则Conformational transmission构象传递Cross conjugation交叉共轭Conrotatory顺旋Cycloaddition环加成Coordinate-covalent bond配位共价键Conjugate base共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Counrer[gegen]ion反荷离子Carbocation碳正离子Carbanion碳负离子Carbenoid卡宾体Carbene卡宾Carbine碳炔C- alkylation C-烷基化Carbalkoxylation烷氧羰基化Carboamidation氨羰基化Carboxylation羧基化Cine substitution移位取代Chlorosulfonation氯磺酰化Chlorosulfenation氯亚磺酰化Coupling reaction偶联反应Cross-coupling reaction交叉偶联反应Conjugate addition共轭加成carbonylation羧基化Cyanoethylation氰乙基化Chiletropic reaction螯键反应Chelation螯环化Cyanomethylation氰甲基化Cholromethylation氯甲基化Condensation缩合Cross aldol condensation交叉羟醛缩合Cyclization环化Catalytic hydrogenation催化氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation催化脱氢Cationotropic rearrangement正离子转移重排Carbon acid碳氢酸Ccumulene累积多烯Cellosolve溶纤剂Crown ether冠醚Cyanohydrin羟腈Carboxylic acid羧酸Carbobenzoxy chloride苄氧甲酰氯Carbon suboxide二氧化三碳Carbammic acid氨基甲酸Carbamate氨基甲酸酯Cyanamide氨腈Carbodiimide碳二亚胺Carbohydrate碳水化合物Cycloalkene环烷Cage compound 螺烷Catenane轮烷cyclophane环芳Chalcone查耳酮Chloroborane氯硼烷carotene胡萝卜素Charge-transfer spectrum电荷转移光谱Chemical shift reagent化学位移试剂Circularly polarized light圆偏振光Cotton effect卡滕效应Chiron,chiral building block手性子Chiral induction手性诱导Chiral reagent手性试剂Chiral catalyst手性催化剂Chiral solvent手性溶剂Chiral auxiliary [reagent]手性助剂Convergent synthesi s汇集合成Diastereotopic非对映异位[的]D-L system of nomenclatureD-L命名体系Diastereomer非对映[异构]体Delocalezed bond离域键Diamagnetic ring cruuent抗磁环电流Disroatatory对旋Dielectric constant介电常数Diaxial addition双直键加成Deactivating group钝化基团Demethylation脱甲基化Decarboxylative nitration脱羧卤化Dehalogenation脱卤Decarboxylative nitration脱羧硝化Nitrosation亚硝化Desulfonation脱磺酸基Diazotization重氮化Diazo transfer重氮基转移Diazonium coupling重氮偶联Dimerization二聚Decarbonylation脱羰Decyanoethylation脱氰乙基Diene synthesis双烯合成Dienophile亲双烯体Diels-Alder reaction第尔斯-尔德反应Dipolar addition偶极加成Dehydrohalogenation脱卤化氢Deamination脱氨基Decarboxylation脱羧Decarboxamidation脱酰胺Decyanation脱氰基Dissolving metal reduction溶解金属还原Deoxygenation脱氧Desulfurization脱硫Deselenization脱硒Double bond migration双键移位Diene双烯Diyne二炔Diazoalkane重氮烷Detone酮Dithiane二噻烷Dewar benzene杜瓦苯Diazo compound重氮化合物Diazohydroxide重氮氢氧化物Diketopiperazine哌嗪二酮Diazine二嗪Diterpene二萜Diasteromeric excess,de非对映体过量Enantiotopic对映异位[的]Enantiomer对映[异构]体Epimer差向异构体Erythro configuration赤型构型Erythro isomer赤型异构体E isomerE异构体Endo isomer内型异构体Exo isomer外型异构体Eclipsed conformation重叠构象Envelope conformation信封[型]构象Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Electrocyclic rearrangement电环[化]重排Electrical effect电场效应Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex电子给[体]受体络合物Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain重叠张力Electrophilic addition亲电加成Electrophile亲电体Electrophilic aromatic substitu-tion亲电芳香取代Electron transfer电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Electrofuge离电体Exhaustive methylation彻底甲基化Ethylation乙基化Endo addition内型加成Exo addition外型加成Ene synthesis单烯合成- elimination-消除Elimination-addition消除-加成Esterification酯化Ethanolysis乙醇解Enolization烯醇化Epoxidation环氧化Electrochemical oxidation电化学氧化Electrochemical reduction电化学还原Electrophilic rearrangement亲电重排Enyne烯炔Ether醚Epoxide环氧化物Enol烯醇Enol ether烯醇醚Enol ester烯醇酯Ester酯Enantiomeric excess,ee对映体过量Fluxional structure循变结构Fischer projection费歇尔投影式Field effect场效应F strain前张力Flash pyrolysis闪热裂Fragmentation碎裂Forbidden transition禁阻跃迁Fluorene芴fulvene富烯Furan呋喃Flavone黄酮Ferocene二？铁Formal synthesis中继合成Gauche conformation, skew con-formation邻位交叉构象Guest客体Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Glycol二醇Glycoside糖苷Glucoside葡[萄]糖苷Grignard reagent格氏试剂Helical molecule螺旋型分子Homotopic等位[的]Heterotopic异位[的]Half-chair conformation半椅型构象Homolog同系物Hyperconjugation超共轭Huckel’rule休克尔规则Homoaromaticity同芳香性Host主体Hammond postulate哈蒙德假说Homochiral纯手性[的]Homolysis均裂Heterolysis异裂Heterolytic michanism异裂机理Hofmann’s rule霍夫曼规则Hydroxylation羟基化Hydroboration硼氢化Hydroformylation加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation加氢酰化Hydrocarboxylation氢羧基化Homologization同系化Hydroxymethylation羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation羟烷基化Haloalkylation卤烷基化Haloform reaction卤仿反应Heterogeneous hydrogenation多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation均相氢化Hydrogenolysis氢解Hydrometallation氢金属化Homosigmatropic rearrangement同迁移重排Hpdrocarbon碳氢化合物Homoallylic alcohol高烯丙醇Hydrazone腙Hydrazide酰肼Hydantion乙内酰脲Helicene螺旋烃Hydrazo compound氢化偶氮化物Hydroquinone氢醌Heterocyclic compound杂环化合物Isomerism异构[现象]Ipso position本位Isovalent hyperconjugation等价超共轭Inductive effect诱导效应Imine-enamine atutomerism亚胺-烯胺互变异构Inverse isotope effect逆同位素效应Intermediate 中间体I strain内张力Isoinversion等反转Isoracemization等消旋Internal nucleophilic substiru-tion分子内亲核取代Ion pair 离子对Internal return内返Inversion反转Insertion插入imine亚胺Isonitrile 异腈Imide二酰亚胺Indene茚Imidazole咪唑Isoquinoline异喹啉Isoflavone异黄酮Large ring大环Laevo isomer左旋异构体Leois structure路易斯结构Linear free energy线性自由能Large angle strain大角张力Leaving group离去基团Lithiation锂化Lactone内酯Lactol内半缩醛Lactam内酰胺Lipid 类脂Linear synthesis线性合成Magnetically anisotropic group磁各向异性基团Medium rimg中环Mirror symmetry镜面对称Meso compound内消旋化合物Meta position间位Para position对位Molecular orbiral method分子轨道法Mesomeric effect中介效应Mobius system默比乌斯体系Mechanism机理Masked carbanion掩蔽碳负离子Markovnikov’s rube马尔科夫尼科规则Michael addition迈克尔加成Meta directing group间位定位基Mitallation金属化Mercuration汞化Migratory aptitude迁移倾向Migration迁移Mercaptan硫醇Macrolide大环内酯Monoterpene单萜Neoman projection纽曼投影式No-bond resonance无键共振Non-alternant hydrocarbon非交替烷Non-bonded interaction非键相互作用Nonclassical carbocation非经典碳正离子Nitrene氮宾Nucleophilic reaction亲核反应Nucleophilicity亲核体Nucleofuge离核体Neighboring group participation邻基基参与Neighboring proup assistance,anchimeric assistance邻助作用Neighboring group effect邻基效应N-alkylationN-烷基化Nitration硝化Netro compound 硝基化合物Nitrile腈Nitrile oxide氧化腈N-bromo compound N-溴化物Nitrogen ylide 氮叶立德Octahedral compound八面体化合物Optical activity光学活性Quasi recemate准外消旋体Ortho position邻位Orinentation取向Ortho-para directing group邻对位定位基Ortho effect邻位效应O- alkylationO-烷基化Oxyamination羟氨基化Oxo process羰基合成Oxonolysis臭氧解Oxidative decarboxylation氧化脱羧Oxymercuration羟汞化Oxime肟Oxime亚硝基化合物orthoester原酸酯Oligosaccharide寡糖Osazone脎Oxazine？嗪Organometallic有机金属化合物Optical purity光学纯度Optical induction光学诱导Spiroannulation螺增环Prototropic rearrangement质了转移重排Pinacol rearrangement频哪醇重排Prototropy质子转移Photosensitization光敏化photooxidation光氧化Photoisomerization光异构化Photochemical rearrangement光化学重排Paraffin wax石蜡Peracid过酸Perester过酸酯Peptide肽Pyranose吡喃糖Polysaccharide多糖Propellane笼型化合物Pyrrole吡咯Pyrazole吡唑Porphyrin卟啉Pyridene吡啶Piperidine哌啶Phosphine膦Phosphonium salt？盐Phosphorus ylide磷叶立德Phospholipid磷脂Pheromone信息素Phytohormone植物激素Polarized light偏振光Partial synthesis部分合成Protecting group保护基Phenyl group 苯基Quinhydrone醌Quinhydrone醌氢醌Quinoline喹啉Radical ion自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion自由基负离子R-S syytem of nomenclatureR-S命名体系Racemic mixture外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution外消旋固体溶液Rotamer旋转异构体Retention of configuration构型保持Regioselectivity区域选择性Regiospecificity区域专一性Resonance共振Resonance effect共振效应Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Restricted rotation阻碍旋转Racemization外消旋化Ring clsure环合Retro Diels-Alder reaction逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Retrograde aldol condensation逆羟醛缩合Reductive alkylation还原烷基化Reductive acylation还原酰化Reductive dimerization还原二聚Rearrangement重排Ring contraction环缩小[反应]Ring expansion,ring enlargement扩环[反应] Rotazane螺桨烷Rused ring索烃Retrosynthesis逆合成Relay synthesis接替合成Spiro compound螺环化合物Stereochemistry立体化学Stereoisomerism立体异构[现象] Symmetry factor对称因素Si faceSi面Synperiplanar conformation顺叠构象Synclinal conformation反错构象Synclinal conformation顺错构象Staggered conformation对位交叉构象Steric effect空间效应Steric hindrance位阻Skew boat conformation扭船型构象Stereocelectivity立体选择性Stereospecificty立体专一性Stereochemical orientation立体[化学]取向Symmetry forbidden-reaction对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction同面反应Solvent effect溶剂效应Solvated electron溶剂化电子Secondary isotope effect二级同位数效应Substrate底物Small-angle strain小角张力Substitution取代Silylation硅烷[基]化Seco alkylation断裂烷基化Sulfonation磺化Sulfenylation亚磺酰化Sulfonylation磺酰化sulfurization硫化Selenylation硒化Saponification皂化Single electron transfer单电子转移Semipinacol rearrangement半频哪醇重排Sigmatropic rearrangement-迁移重排Super acid超酸Sulfonic acid磺酸Sulfoxide亚砜Sulfone砜Semicarbazone缩氯基脲Saccharide糖类Spirane环烯Sydnone悉尼酮Sulfur ylide硫叶立德Sesquiterpene倍半萜Steroid 甾族化合物Sex hormone 性激素Specific rotation比旋光Synthesis合成Synthon合成子Tetrahedral configuration四面体构型Threo configuration苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon三角型碳Torsion angle扭转角Twist conformation扭型构象Transoid conformation反向构象Trigonal hybridization三角杂化Tautomerization互变异构化tautomerism互变异构Thermodynamic control热力学控制Therm odynamic acidity热力学酸度Torsional effect扭转效应Transannular interaction跨环相互作用Transannular strain跨环张力Transamination氨基交换Trimefization三聚Transesterification酯交换Transacetalation缩醛交换Transfer hydrogenation转移氢化Transannular insertion跨环插入Transannular rearrangement跨环重排Triene三烯Thioester硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Triazole三唑Triazine三嗪Thiazole噻唑Terpene萜Triterpene三萜Tandem reaction sequence连续反应过程Topochemistry拓扑化学Unimolecular nucleophilic单分子亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilic sub-stitution单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination单分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base单分子共轭碱消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxygen cleavage单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxygen cleavage单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Umbrella effect伞效应Umpolung极反转V alence bond method价键法Vinylog插烯物V alence tautomerism价互变异构Walden inversion瓦尔登反转Wax 蜡Ylide 叶立德Ynamin炔胺Z isomer Z异构体Zaitsev rule札依采夫规则Zwitterions两性离子。
有机化学专业英语
1, oxygen ['ɔksidʒən] n. 氧气，氧2, alkenes n. 烯属烃3, methyl ['mi:θail, 'miθil] n. 甲基；木精4, alkanes ['ælkeinz] n. 烷类，链烷烃；烷属烃（alkane的复数）5, turpentine ['tə:pəntain] n. 松节油；松脂 vt. 涂松节油 vi. 提取松节油6, benzene ['benzi:n]n. [化]苯7, chlorine ['klɔ:ri:n]n. 氯（17号化学元素）8, nickle alloy nickle alloy: 而非不含金之镍合金 | 而非不含金的镍合金9, brominate ['brəumineit]vt. 用溴处理，溴化10, haloalkane n. [有化] 卤代烷11, decolourise [di:'kʌləraiz]vt. 使…脱色；将…漂白 vi. 漂白（等于decolorize）12, copper ['kɔpə]n. 铜；铜币；[俚]警察 adj. 铜的 vt. 镀铜于13, hydrolysis [hai'drɔlisis]n. [化]水解作用14, derived adj. 导出的；衍生的，派生的 v. 得到；由…而来；推断（derive的过去分词）15, detergent [di'tə:dʒənt]n. 清洁剂；去垢剂16, sheet [ʃi:t]n. 薄片，纸张；床单；薄板 vt. 盖上被单；覆盖；使成大片 vi. 成片流动；大片落下adj. 片状的17, glycol ['ɡlaikɔl]n. 乙二醇；甘醇；二羟基醇18, bromide ['brəumaid]n. 溴化物；庸俗的人；陈词滥调19, styrene ['stairi:n, 'sti-]n. [有化] 苯乙烯，苏合香烯20, insulation [,insju'leiʃən, 'insə-]n. 绝缘；隔离，孤立21, antiseptics [,ænti'septiks]n. 防腐剂（antiseptic的复数）22, hydration [hai'dreiʃən]n. [化学] 水合作用23, halogenation [,hælədʒi'neiʃən]n. 卤化，加卤作用24, adhesive [əd'hi:siv]n. 粘合剂；胶黏剂 adj. 带粘性的；粘着的25, clay [klei]n. 泥土；粘土；肉体；似黏土的东西 vt. 用黏土处理26, sugarcane ['ʃugə,kein]n. [作物] 甘蔗；糖蔗27, fermentation [,fə:men'teiʃən]n. 发酵28, molasses [mə'læsiz]n. 糖蜜，糖浆29, intermediate [,intə'mi:djət, -dieit]vi. 起媒介作用 adj. 中间的，中级的 n. 中间物；媒介30, volatile ['vɔlətail]adj. 爆炸性的；不稳定的；挥发性的；反覆无常的 n. 挥发物；有翅的动物31, carbonisation n. 碳化，碳化作用32, liquefaction [,likwi'fækʃən]n. 液化；熔解33, synthesis ['sinθisis]n. 综合，合成；综合体34, optimum ['ɔptiməm]adj. 最适宜的 n. 最佳效果；最适宜条件35, usage ['ju:zidʒ]n. 用法；使用；惯例36, empirical [em'pirikəl]adj. 经验主义的，完全根据经验的37, endothermic [,endəu'θə:mik,-məl]adj. [热] 吸热的；温血的38, radical ['rædikəl]adj. 根本的；激进的；彻底的 n. 激进分子；原子团；根数；基础39, prefix [,pri:'fiks, 'pri:fiks]n. 前缀vt. 加前缀；将某事物加在前面40, initiator [i'niʃieitə]n. 发起人，创始者；教导者；启动程序；引爆器41, dimer ['daimə]n. [有化] 二聚物；二量体42, activation [,ækti'veiʃən]n. 激活；活化作用43, propagation [,prɔpə'ɡeiʃən]n. 传播；繁殖；增殖44, rigid ['ridʒid]adj. 严格的；僵硬的，死板的；坚硬的；精确的45, amorphous [ə'mɔ:fəs]adj. 无定形的；无组织的；非晶形的46, viscous ['viskəs]adj. 粘性的；黏的47, bracket ['brækit]n. 支架；括号；墙上凸出的托架 vt. 括在一起；把…归入同一类；排除48, caustic ['kɔ:stik]adj. [化]腐蚀性的；苛性的；刻薄的；[物]焦散的n. [医]腐蚀剂；[化]苛性钠；[物]焦散曲线49, moderate ['mɔdərət, 'mɔdəreit]adj. 适度的，中等的；有节制的；稳健的，温和的vi. 变缓和，变弱 vt. 节制；减轻50, brittle ['britl]adj. 易碎的，脆弱的；易生气的51, stiffiness n. 硬度52, gutter ['ɡʌtə]n. 排水沟；槽；贫民区 vi. 流；形成沟vt. 开沟于…；弄熄 adj. 贫贱的；粗俗的；耸人听闻的53, upholstery [ʌp'həulstəri]n. 家具装饰用品业；垫衬物54, curtain ['kə:tən]n. 窗帘；幕 vt. 遮蔽；装上门帘55, ultraviolet [,ʌltrə'vaiələt]adj. 紫外的；紫外线的 n. 紫外线辐射，紫外光56, decomposition [,di:kɔmpə'ziʃən]n. 分解，腐烂；变质57, cassettes n. 盒式录音带（cassette的复数）58, cassette [kæ'set]n. 盒式磁带；暗盒；珠宝箱；片匣59, disposable [dis'pəuzəbl]adj. 可任意处理的；可自由使用的；用完即可丢弃的60, autoclave ['ɔ:təkleiv]n. 高压灭菌器；高压锅 vt. 用高压锅烹饪 vi. 用高压锅烹饪。
有机化学专业英语常用词汇
有机化学专业英语常用词汇aquo- 含水的 octadeca- 十八常用前后缀-ane 烷 petro- 石油 nonadeca- 十九-ene 烯 syn- 顺式，同，共-yne 炔 trans- 反式，超，跨 Alkane 烷 phenol 苯酚 sym- 对称 Alkene 烯 benzene 苯 unsym- 不对称的，偏位 Alkyen 炔 -hydrin 醇 hypo- 低级的，次 Alcohol 醇 alcohol 醇 hyper- 高级的，高 Aldehyde 醛 -ol 醇 cyclo- 环Detone 酮 -aldehyde 醛 hemi-;semi- 半 Ester 酯 -one ;keto- ;ketone酮sesqui 一个半 Nitrile 腈 Acid 酸 bis- 双 Ether 醚 -carboxylic acid 羧酸poly- 聚，多 Amine 胺 -ate 含氧酸的盐、酯 -oyl 酰 Amide 酰胺 -ester 酯acetal- 乙酰 Cycloalkene 环烷 -ether 醚 iso- 异，等，同 Spirane 环烯-amine 胺 ortho- 邻，正，原-imine 亚胺 meta- 间，偏-amide 酰胺 bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐sulfa- 磺胺-cyano 氰 Methly 一anilino- 苯胺基 Ethly 二amino- 氨基的 Proculy 三fluoro- 氟代 But 四chloro- 氯代 Pent 五bromo- 溴 mono- ( mon-) ;单，一iodo- 碘代 uni- 单，一thio- 硫代 ter- 三 tris- 三个oxy- 氧化 tri- 三nitro- 硝基 quadri- ;tetra- 四nitroso- 亚硝基 tetrakis- 四个hydroxyl 羟基 penta-;quinque- 五carbonyl 羰基 hexa- 六methyl 甲基 hepta- ;septi- 七ethyl 乙基 octa- 八butyl 丁基 nona- 九phenyl 苯基 deca- 十methoxy- 甲氧基 undeca- ;hendeca- 十一ethoxy- 乙氧基 dodeca- 十二alkoxy- 烷氧基 trideca- 十三allyl 烯丙基 tetradeca- 十四Propenyl 丙烯基 pentadeca- 十五epoxy- 环氧 hexadeca- 十六hydro- 氢或水 heptadeca- 十七常见化学元素Hydrogen 氢 helium 氦Lithium 锂 Beryllium 铍 Boron 硼Carbon 碳Nitrogen 氮 Oxygen 氧 Fluorine 氟 Neon 氖Sodium 钠 Magnesium 镁 Aluminum 铝 Silicon 硅Phosphorus 磷 Sulfur 硫Chlorine 氯 Argon 氩Potassium 钾 Calcium钙 Scandium 钪 Titanium 钛 Vanadium 钒 Chromium 铬 Manganese 锰 Iron 铁Cobalt 钴Nickel 镍Copper 铜Zinc 锌Gallium 镓 Germanium 锗 Arsenic 砷 Selenium 硒 Bromine 溴 Krypton 氪Iodine 碘Xenon 氙。
基础有机化学英文词汇
Alkaloid ['ælkəlɔid] 生物碱Alkalinity [,ælkə’linəti] 碱性Anion ['ænaiən]阴离子Cation ［'kætaiən］阳离子Bromine ［’brəumi：n]溴Chlorine[’klɔ：ri:n] 氯Fluorine [’flu（：)əri：n]氟Iodine ［’aiəudi:n］碘Beryllium 铍Bond dissociation energy键解离能Branched chain[brɑ：ntʃ, bræntʃ］支链Conjugate acid（base）[’kɔndʒuɡeit］共轭酸（碱) Localization [,ləukəlai’zeiʃən］定域Coordinate bond [kəu'ɔ：dineit] 配位键Covalent bond 共价键Delocalization 离域Neon ［'ni:ɔn, —ən］氖Nitrogen [’naitrədʒən］氮Oxygen ['ɔksidʒən］氧Dye [dai] 染料Nucleophilic regeant [，nju:kliəu’filik]亲核试剂Electrophilic regeant [i，lektrəu’filik]亲电试剂Electronegativity [i’lektrəu，neɡə’tivəti］电负性Electron atmosphere 电子云Electrovalent bond 电价键Halogen [’hælədʒin］卤素Phosphorus ［'fɔsfərəs] 磷Silicium ［si’lisiəm] 硅Hydrogen ［’haidrədʒən] 氢Hybridized orbital [’haibrid］杂化轨道Ion [’aiən］离子Stereochemistry ［，steriəu'kemistri] 立体化学Stereo-isomerism [ai'sɔmərizəm] 立体异构现象Isomer ['aisəumə] 同分异构体Sulfur [’sʌlfə］硫Tetrahedron 正四面体Acetic acid [ə’si:tik］乙酸Acetylene ［ə'setili：n］乙烯Acid anhydride 酸酐Acyclic hydrocarbon 链烃Acyl halide 酰卤Alcohol ［’ælkəhɔl］醇Aldehyde [’ældihaid］醛Alicyclic compound ［’æli’saiklik］脂环化合物Aliphatic heterocylcic compound ［,æli'fætik］脂杂环化合物Alkane ［'ælkein] 烷Alkene ［’ælki：n] 烯Alkyne [’ælkain]炔Alkyl [’ælkil]烷基Amide [’æmaid］酰胺Amine ［ə'mi:n, ’æmin]胺Amino ［ə’mi：nəu] 氨基Anthracene [æn'θrəsi：n］蒽Arene [’æri:n］芳烃Aromaticity ［ə,rəumə'tisəti] 芳香性Aromatic compound [，ærəu’mætik］芳香化合物Aromatic heterocyclic compound 芳杂环化合物Benzene [’b enzi：n］苯Biphenyl 联苯Carbocyclic compound 碳环化合物Carbonyl 羰基Carboxyl 羧基Carboxylic acid 羧酸Chiral carbon atom 手性碳原子Chirality ［kai’ræliti：］手性Chloride ［’klɔ：raid］氯化物Fluoride ['flu（:）əraid］氟化物Iodide ［’aiəudaid］碘化物Chloroform ［’klɔrəfɔ：m] 氯仿Cyano ['saiənəu］氰基Ester [’estə] 酯Ether ['i：θə] 醚Formic acid 甲酸Formyl 甲酰基Halohydrocarbon 卤代烃Heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物Hydroxyl [hai’drɔksil] 羟基Hydroxymethyl 羟甲基Imine ［i’mi:n]亚胺Imino 亚氨基Iodoform 碘仿Isotope ［’aisəutəup] 同位素Ketone [’ki：təun] 酮Lactide ['læktaid] 交酯Lactone ［’læktəun] 内酯Lactam ［’læktæm]内酰胺Lactim ['læktim］内酰亚胺Mercapto [mə’kæptəu］巯基Naphthalene [’næfθəli:n] 萘Nitrile ['naitrail] 腈Nitro ［’naitrəu] 硝基Nitro compound 硝基化合物Nitroso ［nai'trəusəu］亚硝基Peroxide ［pə'rɔksaid] 过氧化合物Peroxy group 过氧基Phenanthrene [fi'nænθri：n] 菲Phenol ['fi:nɔl] 酚Phenyl ['fenəl] 苯基Primary carbon 一级碳Secondary carbon 二级碳Tertiary carbon [’tə：ʃəri］三级碳Quaternary carbon ［kwə’tə：nəri］四级碳Spiro atom 螺原子Styrene 苯乙烯Sulfo 磺酸基Sulfonic acid [sʌl’fəunik] 磺酸Tautomeric isomer ［，tɔ:tə’merik］[’aisəumə] 互变异构体Tetrahydrofuran 四氢呋喃Thio—alcohol 硫醇Thio—phenol 硫酚Toluene ［’tɔljui:n］甲苯Xylene 二甲苯Absolute configuration 绝对构型Conformation [，kɔnfɔ：’meiʃən] 构象Angle strain 角张力Torsion strain 扭转张力Asymmetric carbon [,æsi’metrik］不对称碳原子Asymmetric synthesis [’sinθisis]不对称合成Chiral axle ['kaiərəl] ［'æksəl] 手性轴Chiral plane 手性面Elute [i'ju:t］洗脱Prochirality 前手性Racemate 外消旋体Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemization 外消旋化Racemize 外消旋Resolution [，rezə'lu：ʃən] 拆分Specific rotation 比旋光度Stereoselectiviey 立体选择性Stereospecificity 立体专一性Symmetric axle 对称轴Symmetric plane 对称面Tetrahedral configuration [kən,fiɡju’reiʃən]正四面体构型Activate intermediate ［,intə’mi：djət, —dieit］活泼中间体Chlorizate 氯化Fluorinate 氟化Brominate 溴化Iodizate 碘化Aromatization ［,ərəumətai’zeiʃən] 芳构化Nitration ［nai'treiʃən］硝化Nitrate ['naitreit］硝酸盐Condensation [,kɔnden’seiʃən] 缩合反应Addition reaction 加成反应Electrophilic reaction 亲电反应Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Elementary reaction ［,eli’mentəri] 基元反应Elimination reaction ［i,limi’neiʃən] 消除反应Ionic reaction 离子反应Substitution reaction 取代反应Synergistic reaction [,sinə’dʒistik] 协同反应Free radical reaction 自由基反应Dynamics [dai’næmiks］动力学Thermodynamics ［,θə：məudai'næmiks］热力学Endothermic reaction [，endəu'θə：mik］吸热反应Exothermic reaction [，eksəu’θə:mik］放热反应Equilibrium constant [，i：kwi’libriəm] 平衡常数Heterolysis [,hetə'rɔlisis］异裂Homolysis [həu'mɔlisis] 均裂Pyrolysis [paiə'rɔlisis] 热裂Rearrangement 重排反应Sulfonation 磺化反应Transition state ［træn'siʒən] 过渡态Petroleum ［pi'trəuliəm］石油Electron impact （EI）电子轰击Fast atom bom bardment 快原子轰击Infrared spectroscopy (IR）红外光谱Spectroscopy ［spek’trɔskəupi］光谱学Spectrometer [spek’trɔmitə] 光谱仪Ultraviolet and visible spectrum （UV）[’spektrəm］紫外可见光谱Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR）['rezənəns］核磁共振Anti elimination 反式消除Antiaddition 反式加成Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Nucleophilicity 亲核性Carbocation 碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Oxonium salt 样盐Polarizability 可极化性Conjugated system ［’kɔndʒuɡeit]共轭系统Conjugation 共轭效应Electron-donating group 给电子基Electron—withdrawing group 吸电子基Hydrolysis ［hai'drɔlisis] 水解Hydrophilic property ［'prɔpəti] 亲水性Hyperconjugation 超共轭Inductive effect 诱导效应Isonitrile 异腈Internal nucleophilic substitution 分子内亲核取代Inversion of configuration 构型翻转Retention of configuration 构型保持Leaving group 离去基团Nitrite ［'naitrait] 亚硝酸酯Nitroalkane 硝基烷Non—aqueous solvent 非水溶剂Non—polar solvent 非极性溶剂Proton solvent [’prəutɔn］质子溶剂Dipole solvent 偶极溶剂Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecific 区域专一性Rigid structure 刚性结构Solvolysis 溶剂解效应Steric help effect [’sterik] 空助效应Steric hindrance effect 空阻效应Substrate ['sʌbstreit］底物Sulfate [’sʌlfeit] 硫酸酯Sulfonate ［’sʌlfəneit］磺酸酯Borane [’bɔ:rein] 硼烷Silane [’silein] 硅烷Coupling reaction 偶联反应Hydrogenolysis [，haidrəudʒi'nɔlisis］氢解Lithium aluminium hydride 氢化铝锂Sodium boronhydride 硼氢化钠Carbene ［'kɑ:bi:n］卡宾Carbenoid 类卡宾Catalytic hydrogenation ［kætə’litik]催化氢化Conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃Cumulative diene [’kju：mju，leitiv] 累积二烯烃Isolated diene 孤立二烯烃Epoxidation 环氧化反应Heterogeneous catalyst ［,hetərəu'dʒi：njəs］异相催化剂Homogeneous catalyst ［，hɔmə’dʒi：niəs, ，həu-] [’kætəlist］均相催化剂Resonance formula 共振式Resonance structure 共振结构Resonance theory 共振论Epoxy compound 环氧化合物Aromatic electrophilic substitution 芳香亲电取代Ferrocene 二茂铁Chloromethylation 氯甲基化Acetal 缩醛Hemiacetal 半缩醛Aliphatic ether 脂肪醚Ortho formate 原甲酸酯Dimethyl sulfoxide 二甲亚砜Dismutation reaction 歧化反应Enamine 烯胺Enol form 烯醇式Hydrate 水合物Hydrazine 肼Hydrazone 腙Hydroxylamine 羟胺Ketal 缩酮Lactam 内酰胺Oxime 肟Phosphorus ylide 磷叶立德Simple ketone 单酮Decarboxylation 脱羧反应Intermolecular esterification 分子间酯化Intramolecular esterification 分子内酯化Acylation 酰化作用Acylating agent 酰化试剂Alcoholysis 醇解Cyanic acid 氰酸Isocyanic acid 异氰酸Isocyanate 异氰酸酯Imide 酰亚胺Furan 呋喃Pyridine 吡啶Pyrrole 吡咯Quinoline 喹啉Isoquinoline 异喹啉Azole 唑Imidazole 咪唑Indole 吲哚Thiazole 噻唑Isothiazole 异噻唑Oxazole 恶唑Isoxazole 异恶唑Diazine 二嗪Pyrazine 吡嗪Pyridazine 哒嗪Thiophene 噻吩Pyrimidine 嘧啶Purine 嘌呤Thiourea 硫脲Amidine 脒Guanidine 胍Benzofuran 苯并呋喃Benzothiophene 苯并噻吩Boron tribromide 三溴化硼Aniline 苯胺Benzyne 苯炔Fluoroboric acid 氟硼酸Diazomethane 重氮甲烷Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Ambident anion 两位负离子Ambident reactivity 两位反应活性Lithium diisopropyl amine 二异丙基胺锂。
【有机化学专业英语词汇】
v1.0可编辑可修改有机化学专业英语词汇（精）acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基［prope nyl（丙烯基）］alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷an hydride 酐an ili no- 苯胺基bromo-溴butyl 丁基-carb inol 甲醇carb onyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10 -2chloro-氯代cis- 顺式con de nsed缩合的、冷凝的cyclo-环deca-十deci 10 -1-di ne 啶dodeca-十二aquo-含水的-ase 酶-ate含氧酸的盐、酯-atri yne 三炔azo-偶氮benzene 苯bi-在盐类前表示酸式盐bis-双-borane 硼烷-ene 烯epi-表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl乙基fluoro-氟代form 仿v1.0可编辑可修改-lact one 内酯-ide无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰octa-八-imi ne 亚胺iodi ne 碘iodo-碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto-酮ketone 酮octadeca-十八-oic酸的-ol醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous亚酸的，低价金属oxa-氧杂-oxide氧化合物-oxime 肟hemi-半hen deca- 十一hepta-七heptadeca-十七hexa-六hexadeca-十六-hydri n 醇hydro-氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo-低级的，次hyper-高级的，高mega- 106 meta-间，偏methoxy-甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10 -6milli- 10 -3mono- ( mon-) 一，单-ic酸的，高价金属nano- 10 一n itro- 硝基n itroso- 亚硝基nona-九nonadeca-十九-glycol 二醇v1.0可编辑可修改covale nt bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond len gth 键长oxo-酮 tetrakis- 四个oxy-氧化thio- 硫代-oyl 酰 trans- 反式，超，跨para- 对位，仲 tri-三 penta-五 trideca- 十三 pentadeca-十五tris-三个per- 高，过petro- 石油 undeca- 十^一- phenol 苯酚 uni-单，一phenyl 苯基un sym-不对称的，偏位-12pico- 10poly-聚，多 -yl 基quadri- 四 -yne 炔quinque-五organic compounds 有机化合物semi-半 compo unds of carb on 碳化合物 septi- 七 hydrocarbons and their derivatives sesqui 一个半 碳氢化合物及其衍生物 sulfa- 磺胺 orga nic chemistry有机化学sym- 对称structure of molecule 分子结构syn- 顺式，同，共chemical bond 化学键 ter- tetra-tetradeca- 十四bond angle 键角thio- 硫代-ylene 撑（二价基，价在不同原子上）v1.0可编辑可修改bond energy 键能hydroge n bonding 氢键polarity 极性dipole moment 偶极矩dissociati on en ergy 离解能electr on egativity 电负性con stituti on 构造physical property 物理性质con tigurati on 构型melt ing point 熔点conformation 构象boili ng point 沸点stereochemistry 立体化学react ion mecha nism 反应机理tetrahedral 正四面体homolysis 均裂cis-顺free redical 自由基trans-反heterolysis 异裂isomerism同分异构现象ion ic type 离子型isomer异构体electrophilic reage nt 亲电试剂stereoisomer 立体异构electrophilic react ion 亲电反应con stituti onal isomer 构造异构nu cleophilic reage nt 亲核试剂structural formula 结构式nu cleophilic react ion 亲核反应octet八隅体英文名汉文名perspective 透视式An gular methyl group 角甲基eclipsed con formati on 重叠式构象Alkylide ne group 亚烷基staggered con formati on 交叉式构象Allyl group 烯丙基n ewma n project ion 纽曼投影式Allylic 烯丙型［的］functional group 官能团Phe nyl group 苯基chain compoud链状化合物Aryl group 芳基carbocyclic compo und碳环化合物Ben zyl group 苄基彳heterocyclic compo und 杂环化合物Benzylic 苄型［的］dipole-dipole in teract偶极- Activat ing group 活化基团ions偶极相互作用Chromophore 生色团van der Waals forces 范德华力Auxochrome 助色团v1.0可编辑可修改Magn etically ani sotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Com mon ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ri ng system 桥环体系Spiro compound螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound八面体化合物Con jugatio n 共轭Con jugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰［基］正离子Benzylic cation 苄［基］正离子Arenirm ion 芳［基］正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical catio n 自由基正离子Radical a nio n 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构［现象］Aci form 酸式Fluxi onal structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral con figuratio n 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构［现象］Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carb on 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carb on 假不对称碳Phantom atom虚拟原子Homotopic 等位［的］Heterotopic 异位［的］Enantiotopic 对映异位［的］Diastereotopic 非对映异位［的］Con figurati on 构型Absolute con figurati on 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral手性［的］Chiral ce nter 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral非手性［的］Fischer projectio n 费歇尔投影式Neoma n projectio n 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomen clature D-L 命名体系v1.0可编辑可修改R-S syytem of nomen clature R-S 命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则v1.0可编辑可修改Symmetry factor 对称因素Pla ne of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer对映［异构］体Diastereomer 非对映［异构］体Epimer差向异构体Anomer端基［差向］异构体Erythro con figurati on 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo con figurati on 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carb on 三角型碳Cis-tra ns isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E 异构体Z isomer Z 异构体Endo isomer内型异构体Exo isomer外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S 基团Re face Re 面Si face Si 面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compo und外消旋化合物Racemic solid solutio n 外消旋固体溶液Meso compou nd内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Con formati on 构象Con formati onal 构象分析Torsi on an gle 扭转角Rotamer旋转异构体Anti con formati on 反式构象Bisect ing con formatio n 等分构象Anti peripla nar con formati on 反叠构象Syn peripla nar con formati on 顺叠构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 反错构象Syn cli nal con formatio n 顺错构象Eclipsed con formati on 重叠构象Gauche con formati on, skew con-formatio n 邻位交叉构象Staggered con formati on 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体v1.0可编辑可修改Puckered ring 折叠环Con formati onal inv ersi on 构象反转Chair con formati on 椅型构象Boat con formati on 船型构象Twist con formati on 扭型构象Skew boat co nformatio n 扭船型构象v1.0可编辑可修改Half-chair con formatio n 半椅型构象Pseudorotati on 假旋转Envelope conformation 信圭寸［型］构象Axial bond 直［立］键Equatorial bond 平［伏］键Cisoid con formati on 顺向构象Tran soid con formati on 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专-性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专性Con former构象异构体Con formati onal effect 构象效应Cram s rube克拉姆规则Prelog ' rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orie ntati on 立体［化学］取向Con formati onal tran smissi on传递Homolog同系物构象Ipso positi on 本位Ortho positi on 邻位Meta positi on 间位Para positi on 对位Amphi positi on 远位Peri positi on 近位Trigo nal hybridizati on 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Vale nee bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross con jugation交叉共轭Viny log插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugati on 超共轭Isovale nt hyperc on jugati on 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 方香八隅Huckel' rule休克尔规则Paramag netic ring curre nt 顺磁环电流Diamag netic ring cruue nt 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性An tiaromaticity 反芳香性Alter nant hydrocarb on 交替烃v1.0可编辑可修改Non-alter nant hydrocarb on 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearra ngeme nt 电环［化］重排Con rotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloadditio n 环加成Symmetry forbidde n-reactio n 对称禁阻反应Syn facial reacti on 同面反应An tarafacial reacti on 异面反应Mobius system默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coord in ate-covale nt bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauli ng electro negativity scale鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性In ductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerizati on 互变异构化Keto-e nol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phe no l-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imin e-e namine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Rin g-cha in tautomerism 环-链互变异构Vale nee tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可［的］Solve nt effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed react ion 酸性溶剂Basic solve nt 碱性溶剂Dielectric con sta nt 介电常数Solvated electro n 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Con jugate base 共轭酸Con jugate base 共轭碱Therm odyn amic acidity 热力学酸度Kin etic acidity 动力学酸度Electr on dono f-acceptorcomplex,EDAcomplex 电子给［体］受体络合物Host主体Guest客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secon dary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inv erse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kin etic control 动力学控制Thermod yn amic con trol 热力学控制9Substrate 底物In termediate 中间体Reactive in termediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Lin ear free energy 线性自由能Non-bon ded in teracti on 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotati on 阻碍旋转Eclipsi ng effect 重叠效应Eclipsi ng strain 重叠张力Small-a ngle strain 小角张力Large an gle stra in 大角张力Transannu lar in teracti on 跨环相互作用Transannu lar strain跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Ano meric effect 端基异构效应Walde n inv ersi on 瓦尔登反转Racemizati on 夕卜消旋化Isoinv ersi on 等反转Isoracemizati on 等消旋Homochiral纯手性［的］Mecha nism 机理Un imolecular nu cleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nu cleophilic sub-stitutio n双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nu cleophilicsubsti-tuti on( with allylic rearra nge-me nt) 双分子亲核取代(含烯丙型重排)Internal nu cleophilic substiru-tio n 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nu cleophilic substitu-tio n 芳香亲核取代Un imolecular electrophilic sub-stitution单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilic substi-tutio n双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assisted unim olecu-lar electrophilicv1.0可编辑可修改substituti on 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unim olecular elim in ati on 单分子消除Bimolecular elim in ati on 双分子消除Unim olecular elim in ati on through the con jugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elim in atio n through the con jugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elim in atio n withfor-matio n of a carb onyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unim olecular acid-catalyzed acyl-oxyge n cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzed acyl-oxyge n cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unim olecular acid-catalyzed alkyl-oxyge n cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed alkyl-oxyge n cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂n - allyl complex mechanism n 烯丙型络合机理Borderl ine mecha nism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic micha nism 异裂机理Coun rer[gege n]i on 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocati on 碳正离子Non classical carbocatio n 非经典碳正离子Carbanion碳负离子Masked carbanion掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid卡宾体Carbe ne 卡宾Nitre ne 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov ' s rube马尔科夫尼科规则An ti-Marko vn ikov additi on 反马氏v1.0可编辑可修改加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substituti on 取代v1.0可编辑可修改Electrophilic substituti on 亲电取代Additi on-elim in ati on mecha nism 力卩成消除机理Electrophilic aromaticsubstitu-ti on 亲电芳香取代Electro n tran sfer 电子转移Electro n-do nati ng group 给电子基团Electro n-Withdrawi ng group 吸电子基团Deactivati ng group 卡屯化基团Orinen tati on 取向Ortho-para direct ing group 令B对位定位基Meta direct ing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reacti on 亲核反应In ternal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性a - effect a -效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inv ersi on 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leav ing group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-tra nsfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighbori ng group participati on邻基基参与Neighbori ng proupassista nce,a nchimeric assista nee邻助作用Neighbori ng group effect 令B基效应Apofacial reacti on 反面反应Briddgehead displaceme nt 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则An ti-Zaitsev orie ntati on 反札依采夫定向Hofmann s rule 霍夫曼规贝UBredt rule 布雷特规则In itiatio n 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bo nd fixation 键［的］部分固定化v1.0可编辑可修改02. 3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylatio n C-烷基化v1.0可编辑可修改O- alkylatio n O- 烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷［基］化Exhaustive methylatio n 彻底甲基化Seco alkylatio n 断裂烷基化Demethylatio n 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylatio n 烷氧羰基化Carboamidati on 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisam in ati on 双氨基化Cine substitutio n 移位取代Tran sami natio n 氨基交换Hydroxylati on 羟基化acyloxyati on 酰氧基化Decarboxylative n itrati on 脱羧卤化Allylic haloge nation 烯丙型卤化Dehaloge nati on 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative n itrati on 脱羧硝化Nitrosatio n 亚硝化Sulfo natio n 磺化Chlorosulfo natio n 氯磺酰化Desulfo nati on 脱磺酸基Sulfe nylation 亚磺酰化Sulfo nylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfe natio n 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarb on ylatio n 氯羰基化Diazotizati on 重氮化Diazo tran sfer 重氮基转移Coupli ng reaction 偶联反应Diaz on ium coupli ng 重氮偶联Cross-coupli ng reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1 ，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerizatio n 二聚Trimefizati on 三聚Additive dimerizati on 力卩成二聚sulfurizati on 硫化Sele ny lati on 硒化Hydroborati on 硼氢化Oxyam in ation羟氨基化In serti on 插入v1.0可编辑可修改carb ony lati on 羧基化Hydroformylatio n 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylati on 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成v1.0可编辑可修改Decarb ony lati on 脱羰Hydrocarboxylati on 氢羧基化Homologizati on 同系化Cyan oethylation 氰乙基化Decya no ethylati on 脱氰乙基Ri ng clsure 环合Die ne syn thesis 双烯合成Die nophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reactio n 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene syn thesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloadditi on 负离子环力卩成Dipolar addition 偶极加成-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除-elim in ati on - 消除Dehydrohaloge nati on 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elim in ati on 热解消除Elimi natio n-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylati on 脱羧Decarboxamidati on 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragme ntati on 碎裂Chiletropic react ion 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterificati on 酉旨化Tran sesterificatio n 酯交换Sapon ificati on 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Etha nolysis 乙醇解Cyano methylati on 氰甲基化Ami no methylatio n 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylatio n 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylatio n 羟烷基化Cholromethylatio n 氯甲基化Haloalkylatio n 卤烷基化Tran sacetalati on 缩醛交换En olization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol c onden satio n 羟醛缩合Cross aldol conden sati on 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol conden sati on 逆羟醛缩合Acyl oin conden sati on 偶姻缩合Cyclizati on 环化Annu lati on,ann elati on 增环反应Spiroa nnu latio n 螺增环Autoxidati on 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylati on 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidati on 环氧化Oxono lysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidati on 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylati on 氧化脱羧Aromatizati on 芳构化Catalytic hydroge nati on 催化氢化Heteroge neous hydroge nati on 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydroge natio n 催化脱氢Transfer hydroge nati on 转移氢化Hydroge no lysis 氢解Dissolvi ng metal reduct ion 溶解金属还原Sin gle electro n transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reducti on 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylatio n 还原烷基化Reductive acylati on 还原酰化Reductive dimerizatio n 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurizati on 脱硫Desele ni zati on 脱硒Mitallati on 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallati on 氢金属化Mercurati on 汞化Oxymercurati on 羟汞化Ami nomercuration 氨汞化Abstractio n 夺取［反应］In ternal abstract ion 内夺取［反应］Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearra ngeme nt 质了转移重排Double bond migrati on 双键移位Allylic migrati on 烯丙型重排Allylic migrati on 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小［反应］Ring expa nsion,ring enl argeme nt Electrophilic rearra ngeme nt 亲电扩环［反应］重排-ketol rearra ngeme nt - 酮醇重排Photose nsitizatio n 光敏化Pin acol rearra ngeme nt 频哪醇重排Forbidde n tran siti on 禁阻跃迁Retrop in acol rearra ngeme nt 逆频哪photooxidati on 光氧化醇重排Photoisomerizati on 光异构化Semip in acol rearra ngeme nt 半频哪E Photochemical rearra ngeme光化nt醇重排学重排Ben zilic rearra ngeme nt 二苯乙醇酸2. 4有机化合物类名重排Aliphatic compou nd 脂肪族化合物Acyl rearran geme nt 酰基重排Hpdrocarbon碳氢化合物Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Alkane 烷Transannu lar in serti on 跨环插入Wax蜡Transannu lar rearra ngeme nt 跨环重Paraffi n wax 石蜡排Alkene 烯Migrati on 迁移Alkyen 炔Prototropy 质子转移Acetylide 炔化物Cati ono tropic rearra ngeme nt 正离Active hydroge n compo unds 活泼氢子转移重排化合物An io notropy 负离子转移Carbon acid 碳氢酸Aniono tropic rearra ngeme nt 负离子Super acid 超酸转移重排Diene双烯Sigmatropic rearra ngeme nt - 迁移重Triene 三烯排Alle ne 丙二烯Homosigmatropic rearra ngeme nt 同Ccumule ne累积多烯迁移重排Enyne烯炔Diyne 二炔v1.0可编辑可修改Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound硝基化合物Ami ne 胺Quater naryam monium com-po und 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfo nic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Deto ne 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Keto ne hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal缩醛Ketal缩酮Dithia ne 二噻烷Aminal缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimi ne醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimi ne 醛肟Oxime亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydraz one 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol频哪醇Enol烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Yn ami ne 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘v1.0可编辑可修改Carbobe nzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene乙烯酮v1.0可编辑可修改Peracid 过酸Perester过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Ison itrile 异腈Amide酰胺Imide二酰亚胺N-bromo compo und N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyan amide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allopha nate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Ami no acid 氨基酸Zwitterio ns 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine甜菜碱Lactam内酰胺Hydantion乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate碳水化合物Aldose醛糖Ketose酮糖Furanose呋喃糖Pyranose吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡［萄］糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compo und 脂环化合物Cycloalke ne 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compo und 螺烷Propella ne 笼型化合物Rotaza ne螺桨烷Cate nane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃。
(完整版)有机化学专业英语词汇(精)
有机化学专业英语词汇(精)acetal 醛缩醇acetal- 乙酰acid 酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 碱allyl 烯丙基 [propenyl(丙烯基)] alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的盐、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在盐类前表示酸式盐bis- 双-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-carboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 顺式condensed 缩合的、冷凝的cyclo- 环deca- 十deci 10-1-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 环氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七heptadeca- 十七hexa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氢或水hydroxyl 羟基hypo- 低级的，次hyper- 高级的，高-ic 酸的，高价金属-ide 无氧酸的盐，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亚胺iodine 碘iodo- 碘代iso- 异，等，同-ite 亚酸盐keto- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 内酯mega- 106meta- 间，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，单nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亚硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 邻，正，原-ous 亚酸的，低价金属oxa- 氧杂-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 对位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，过petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phenyl 苯基pico- 10-12poly- 聚，多quadri- 四quinque- 五semi- 半septi- 七sesqui 一个半sulfa- 磺胺sym- 对称syn- 顺式，同，共ter- 三tetra- 四tetradeca- 十四tetrakis- 四个thio- 硫代trans- 反式，超，跨thio- 硫代tri- 三trideca- 十三tris- 三个undeca- 十一uni- 单，一unsym- 不对称的，偏位-yl 基-ylene 撑(二价基，价在不同原子上) -yne 炔organic compounds 有机化合物compounds of carbon 碳化合物hydrocarbons and their derivatives 碳氢化合物及其衍生物organic chemistry 有机化学structure of molecule 分子结构chemical bond 化学键covalent bond 共价键hybrid orbital 杂化轨道bond length 键长bond angle 键角bond energy键能polarity 极性dissociation energy 离解能constitution构造contiguration构型conformation构象stereochemistry立体化学tetrahedral正四面体cis-顺trans-反isomerism同分异构现象isomer异构体stereoisomer立体异构constitutional isomer构造异构structural formula 结构式octet八隅体perspective 透视式eclipsed conformation重叠式构象staggered conformation交叉式构象newman projection纽曼投影式functional group 官能团chain compoud 链状化合物carbocyclic compound碳环化合物heterocyclic compound杂环化合物dipole-dipole interactions 偶极-偶极相互作用van der Waals forces 范德华力hydrogen bonding 氢键dipole moment偶极矩electronegativity 电负性physical property物理性质melting point熔点boiling point 沸点reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应英文名汉文名Angular methyl group 角甲基Alkylidene group 亚烷基Allyl group 烯丙基Allylic 烯丙型[的]Phenyl group 苯基Aryl group 芳基Benzyl group 苄基Benzylic 苄型[的]Activating group 活化基团Chromophore 生色团Auxochrome 助色团Magnetically anisotropic group 磁各向异性基团Smally ring 小环Common ring 普通环Medium rimg 中环Large ring 大环Bridged-ring system 桥环体系Spiro compound 螺环化合物Helical molecule 螺旋型分子Octahedral compound 八面体化合物Conjugation 共轭Conjugated-system 共轭体系Acyl cation 酰[基]正离子Benzylic cation 苄[基]正离子Arenirm ion 芳[基]正离子Ketyl radical 羰自由基Radical ion 自由基离子Radical cation 自由基正离子Radical anion 自由基负离子Isomerism 异构[现象]Aci form 酸式Fluxional structure 循变结构Stereochemistry 立体化学Optical activity 光学活性Dextro isomer 右旋异构体Laevo isomer 左旋异构体Tetrahedral configuration 四面体构型Stereoisomerism 立体异构[现象] Asymmetric atom 不对称原子Asymmetric carbon 不对称碳Pseudoasymmetric carbon 假不对称碳Phantom atom 虚拟原子Homotopic 等位[的]Heterotopic 异位[的] Enantiotopic 对映异位[的] Diastereotopic 非对映异位[的] Configuration 构型Absolute configuration 绝对构型Chirality 手性Chiral 手性[的]Chiral center 手性中心Chiral molecule 手性分子Achiral 非手性[的]Fischer projection 费歇尔投影式Neoman projection 纽曼投影式D-L system of nomenclature D-L命名体系R-S syytem of nomenclature R-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelon sequence 顺序规则Symmetry factor 对称因素Plane of symmetry 对称面Mirror symmetry 镜面对称Enantiomer 对映[异构]体Diastereomer 非对映[异构]体Epimer 差向异构体Anomer 端基[差向]异构体Erythro configuration 赤型构型Erythro isomer 赤型异构体Threo configuration 苏型构型Threo isomer 苏型异构体Trigonal carbon 三角型碳Cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构E isomer E异构体Z isomer Z异构体Endo isomer 内型异构体Exo isomer 外型异构体Prochirality 前手性Pro-R group 前R基团Pro-S proup 前S基团Re face Re面Si face Si面Racemic mixture 外消旋混合物Racemic compound 外消旋化合物Racemic solid solution 外消旋固体溶液Meso compound 内消旋化合物Quasi recemate 准外消旋体Conformation 构象Conformational 构象分析Torsion angle 扭转角Rotamer 旋转异构体Anti conformation 反式构象Bisecting conformation 等分构象Anti periplanar conformation 反叠构象Synperiplanar conformation 顺叠构象Synclinal conformation 反错构象Synclinal conformation 顺错构象Eclipsed conformation 重叠构象Gauche conformation, skewcon-formation 邻位交叉构象Staggered conformation 对位交叉构象Steric effect 空间效应Steric hindrance 位阻Atropismer 阻转异构体Puckered ring 折叠环Conformational inversion 构象反转Chair conformation 椅型构象Boat conformation 船型构象Twist conformation 扭型构象Skew boat conformation 扭船型构象Half-chair conformation 半椅型构象Pseudorotation 假旋转Envelope conformation 信封[型]构象Axial bond 直[立]键Equatorial bond 平[伏]键Cisoid conformation 顺向构象Transoid conformation 反向构象Retention of configuration 构型保持Regioselectivity 区域选择性Regiospecificity 区域专一性Stereocelectivity 立体选择性Stereospecificty 立体专一性Conformer 构象异构体Conformational effect 构象效应Cram’s rube 克拉姆规则Prelog’rule 普雷洛格规则Stereochemical orientation 立体[化学]取向Conformational transmission 构象传递Homolog 同系物Ipso position 本位Ortho position 邻位Meta position 间位Para position 对位Amphi position 远位Peri position 近位Trigonal hybridization 三角杂化Molecular orbiral method 分子轨道法Valence bond method 价键法Delocalezed bond 离域键Cross conjugation 交叉共轭Vinylog 插烯物Mesomeric effect 中介效应Resonance 共振Resonance effect 共振效应Hyperconjugation 超共轭Isovalent hyperconjugation 等价超共轭No-bond resonance 无键共振Aromaticity 芳香性Aromatic sexter 芳香六隅Huckel’rule 休克尔规则Paramagnetic ring current 顺磁环电流Diamagnetic ring cruuent 抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity 同芳香性Antiaromaticity 反芳香性Alternant hydrocarbon 交替烃Non-alternant hydrocarbon 非交替烷Pericyclic reaction 周环反应Electrocyclic rearrangement 电环[化]重排Conrotatory 顺旋Disroatatory 对旋Cycloaddition 环加成Symmetry forbidden-reaction 对称禁阻反应Synfacial reaction 同面反应Antarafacial reaction 异面反应Mobius system 默比乌斯体系Leois structure 路易斯结构Coordinate-covalent bond 配位共价键Banana bond 香蕉键Pauling electronegativity scale 鲍林电负性标度Polarizability 可极化性Inductive effect 诱导效应Field effect 场效应Electrical effect 电场效应tautomerism 互变异构Tautomerization 互变异构化Keto-enol tautomerism 酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-keto tautomerism 酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamine atutomerism 亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chain tautomerism 环-链互变异构Valence tautomerism 价互变异构Ambident 两可[的]Solvent effect 溶剂效应Acid-base catalyxed reaction 酸性溶剂Basic solvent 碱性溶剂Dielectric constant 介电常数Solvated electron 溶剂化电子Acid-base catalyzed reaction 酸碱催化反应Conjugate base 共轭酸Conjugate base 共轭碱Therm odynamic acidity 热力学酸度Kinetic acidity 动力学酸度Electron donof-acceptor complex,EDAcomplex 电子给[体]受体络合物Host 主体Guest 客体Primary isotope effect 一级同位素效应Secondary isotope effect 二级同位数效应Inverse isotope effect 逆同位素效应Kinetic control 动力学控制Thermodynamic control 热力学控制Substrate 底物Intermediate 中间体Reactive intermediate 活泼中间体Microscopic reversibility 微观可逆性Hammond postulate 哈蒙德假说Linear free energy 线性自由能Non-bonded interaction 非键相互作用Torsional effect 扭转效应Pitzer strain 皮策张力Restricted rotation 阻碍旋转Eclipsing effect 重叠效应Eclipsing strain 重叠张力Small-angle strain 小角张力Large angle strain 大角张力Transannular interaction 跨环相互作用Transannular strain 跨环张力I strain 内张力F strain 前张力B strain 后张力Anomeric effect 端基异构效应Walden inversion 瓦尔登反转Racemization 外消旋化Isoinversion 等反转Isoracemization 等消旋Homochiral 纯手性[的] Mechanism 机理Unimolecular nucleophilic 单分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilicsub-stitution 双分子亲核取代Bimolecular nucleophilicsubsti-tution(with allylic rearrange-ment) 双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internal nucleophilicsubstiru-tion 分子内亲核取代Aromatic nucleophilicsubstitu-tion 芳香亲核取代Unimolecular electrophilicsub-stitution 单分子亲电取代Bimolecular electrophilicsubsti-tution 双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assistedunimolecu-lar electrophilic substitution 亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecular elimination 单分子消除Bimolecular elimination 双分子消除Unimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 单分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination through the conjugate base 双分子共轭碱消除Bimolecular elimination withfor-mation of a carbonyl group 双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecular acid-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化酰氧断裂Bimolecular base-catalyzedacyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化酰氧断裂Unimolecular acid-catalyzedalkyl-oxygen cleavage 单分子酸催化烷氧断裂Bimllecular base-catalyzed al- kyl-oxygen cleavage 双分子碱催化烷氧断裂π-allyl complex mechanism π烯丙型络合机理Borderline mechanism 边理机理Homolysis 均裂Heterolysis 异裂Heterolytic michanism 异裂机理Counrer[gegen]ion 反荷离子Ion pair 离子对Carbocation 碳正离子Nonclassical carbocation 非经典碳正离子Carbanion 碳负离子Masked carbanion 掩蔽碳负离子Carbenoid 卡宾体Carbene 卡宾Nitrene 氮宾Carbine 碳炔Electrophilic addition 亲电加成Electrophile 亲电体Diaxial addition 双直键加成Markovnikov’s rube 马尔科夫尼科规则Anti-Markovnikov addition 反马氏加成Michael addition 迈克尔加成Substitution 取代Electrophilic substitution 亲电取代Addition-elimination mechanism 加成消除机理Electrophilic aromaticsubstitu-tion 亲电芳香取代Electron transfer 电子转移Electron-donating group 给电子基团Electron-Withdrawing group 吸电子基团Deactivating group 钝化基团Orinentation 取向Ortho-para directing group 邻对位定位基Meta directing group 间位定位基Ortho effect 邻位效应Partial rate factor 分速度系数Nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应Internal return 内返Nucleophilicity 亲核体Nucleophilicity 亲核性α-effect α-效应Backside attack 背面进攻Inversion 反转Umbrella effect 伞效应Push-pull effect 推拉效应Leaving group 离去基团Electrofuge 离电体Nucleofuge 离核体Phase-transfer catalysis 相转移催化Neighboring group participation 邻基基参与Neighboring proupassistance,anchimeric assistance 邻助作用Neighboring group effect 邻基效应Apofacial reaction 反面反应Briddgehead displacement 桥头取代Aryl action 芳正离子Benzyne 苯炔Zaitsev rule 札依采夫规则Anti-Zaitsev orientation 反札依采夫定向Hofmann’s rule 霍夫曼规则Bredt rule 布雷特规则Initiation 引发Anionic cleavage 负离子裂解Partial bond fixation 键[的]部分固定化02．3有机化学反应Alkylation 烷基化C- alkylation C-烷基化O- alkylation O-烷基化N-alkylation N-烷基化Silylation 硅烷[基]化Exhaustive methylation 彻底甲基化Seco alkylation 断裂烷基化Demethylation 脱甲基化Ethylation 乙基化Arylation 芳基化Acylation 酰化Formylation 甲酰化Carbalkoxylation 烷氧羰基化Carboamidation 氨羰基化Carboxylation 羧基化Amination 氨基化Bisamination 双氨基化Cine substitution 移位取代Transamination 氨基交换Hydroxylation 羟基化acyloxyation 酰氧基化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧卤化Allylic halogenation 烯丙型卤化Dehalogenation 脱卤Nitration 硝化Decarboxylative nitration 脱羧硝化Nitrosation 亚硝化Sulfonation 磺化Chlorosulfonation 氯磺酰化Desulfonation 脱磺酸基Sulfenylation 亚磺酰化Sulfonylation 磺酰化Chlorosulfenation 氯亚磺酰化Chlorocarbonylation 氯羰基化Diazotization 重氮化Diazo transfer 重氮基转移Coupling reaction 偶联反应Diazonium coupling 重氮偶联Cross-coupling reaction 交叉偶联反应1,4-addition 1，4-加成Conjugate addition 共轭加成Dimerization 二聚Trimefization 三聚Additive dimerization 加成二聚sulfurization 硫化Selenylation 硒化Hydroboration 硼氢化Oxyamination 羟氨基化Insertion 插入carbonylation 羧基化Hydroformylation 加氢甲酰基化Hydroacylation 加氢酰化Oxo process 羰基合成Decarbonylation 脱羰Hydrocarboxylation 氢羧基化Homologization 同系化Cyanoethylation 氰乙基化Decyanoethylation 脱氰乙基Ring clsure 环合Diene synthesis 双烯合成Dienophile 亲双烯体Endo addition 内型加成Exo addition 外型加成Diels-Alder reaction 第尔斯-尔德反应Retro Diels-Alder reaction 逆第尔斯-阿尔德反应Ene synthesis 单烯合成Anionic cycloaddition 负离子环加成Dipolar addition 偶极加成- elimination -消除- elimination -消除- elimination -消除-elimination -消除Dehydrohalogenation 脱卤化氢Deamination 脱氨基Pyrolytic elimination 热解消除Elimination-addition 消除-加成Decarboxylation 脱羧Decarboxamidation 脱酰胺Decyanation 脱氰基Alkylolysis,alkyl cleavage 烷基裂解Acylolysis,acyl cleavage 酰基裂解Flash pyrolysis 闪热裂Fragmentation 碎裂Chiletropic reaction 螯键反应Chelation 螯环化Esterification 酯化Transesterification 酯交换Saponification 皂化Alcoholysis 醇解Ethanolysis 乙醇解Cyanomethylation 氰甲基化Aminomethylation 氨甲基化Hydroxymethylation 羟甲基化Hydroxyalkylation 羟烷基化Cholromethylation 氯甲基化Haloalkylation 卤烷基化Transacetalation 缩醛交换Enolization 烯醇化Haloform reaction 卤仿反应Condensation 缩合Aldol condensation 羟醛缩合Cross aldol condensation 交叉羟醛缩合Retrograde aldol condensation 逆羟醛缩合Acyloin condensation 偶姻缩合Cyclization 环化Annulation,annelation 增环反应Spiroannulation 螺增环Autoxidation 自氧化Allylic hydroperoxylation 烯丙型氢过氧化Epoxidation 环氧化Oxonolysis 臭氧解Electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化Oxidative decarboxylation 氧化脱羧Aromatization 芳构化Catalytic hydrogenation 催化氢化Heterogeneous hydrogenation 多相氢化Homogeneous hydrogenation 均相氢化Catalytic dehydrogenation 催化脱氢Transfer hydrogenation 转移氢化Hydrogenolysis 氢解Dissolving metal reduction 溶解金属还原Single electron transfer 单电子转移Bimolecular reduction 双分子还原Electrochemical reduction 电化学还原Reductive alkylation 还原烷基化Reductive acylation 还原酰化Reductive dimerization 还原二聚Deoxygenation 脱氧Desulfurization 脱硫Deselenization 脱硒Mitallation 金属化Lithiation 锂化Hydrometallation 氢金属化Mercuration 汞化Oxymercuration 羟汞化Aminomercuration 氨汞化Abstraction 夺取[反应]Internal abstraction 内夺取[反应] Rearrangement 重排Prototropic rearrangement 质了转移重排Double bond migration 双键移位Allylic migration 烯丙型重排Allylic migration 烯丙型迁移Ring contraction 环缩小[反应] Ring expansion,ring enlargement 扩环[反应]-ketol rearrangement -酮醇重排Pinacol rearrangement 频哪醇重排Retropinacol rearrangement 逆频哪醇重排Semipinacol rearrangement 半频哪醇重排Benzilic rearrangement 二苯乙醇酸重排Acyl rearrangement 酰基重排Migratory aptitude 迁移倾向Transannular insertion 跨环插入Transannular rearrangement 跨环重排Migration 迁移Prototropy 质子转移Cationotropic rearrangement 正离子转移重排Anionotropy 负离子转移Anionotropic rearrangement 负离子转移重排Sigmatropic rearrangement -迁移重排Homosigmatropic rearrangement 同迁移重排Electrophilic rearrangement 亲电重排Photosensitization 光敏化Forbidden transition 禁阻跃迁photooxidation 光氧化Photoisomerization 光异构化Photochemical rearrangement 光化学重排2．4 有机化合物类名Aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物Hpdrocarbon 碳氢化合物Alkane 烷Wax 蜡Paraffin wax 石蜡Alkene 烯Alkyen 炔Acetylide 炔化物Active hydrogen compounds 活泼氢化合物Carbon acid 碳氢酸Super acid 超酸Diene 双烯Triene 三烯Allene 丙二烯Ccumulene 累积多烯Enyne 烯炔Diyne 二炔Alkyl halide 卤代烷Alcohol 醇Homoallylic alcohol 高烯丙醇Ether 醚Epoxide 环氧化物Cellosolve 溶纤剂Crown ether 冠醚Netro compound 硝基化合物Amine 胺Quaternaryammonium com-pound 季铵化合物Amine oxide 氧化胺Diazoalkane 重氮烷Mercaptan 硫醇Sulfonic acid 磺酸Sulfoxide 亚砜Sulfone 砜Aldehyde 醛Detone 酮Aldehyde hydrate 醛水合物Ketone hydrate 酮水合物Hemiacetal 半缩醛Acetal 缩醛Ketal 缩酮Dithiane 二噻烷Aminal 缩醛胺imine 亚胺Aldimine 醛亚胺Oxime 肟Aldimine 醛肟Oxime 亚硝基化合物aldoxime 硝酮Hydrazone 腙Azine 嗪Semicarbazone 缩氯基脲Cyanohydrin 羟腈Pinacol 频哪醇Enol 烯醇Enol ether 烯醇醚Enol ester 烯醇酯Enamine 烯胺Ynamine 炔胺Mannich base 曼尼希碱Carboxylic acid 羧酸Ester 酯orthoester 原酸酯Acyl halide 酰卤Acyl fluoride 酰氟Acyl chloride 酰氯Acyl rtomide 酰溴Acyl iodide 酰碘Carbobenzoxy chloride 苄氧甲酰氯Acyl tosylate 酰基对甲苯磺酸酐Ketene 乙烯酮Peracid 过酸Perester 过酸酯Acyl peroxide 酰基过氧化物Nitrile 腈Nitrile oxide 氧化腈Isonitrile 异腈Amide 酰胺Imide 二酰亚胺N-bromo compound N-溴化物Hydrazide 酰肼Acyl azide 酰叠氮Amidine 脒Keto ester 酮酸酯Acyl cyanide 酰腈Carbon suboxide 二氧化三碳Glycidic acid 环氧丙酸Carbammic acid 氨基甲酸Carbamate 氨基甲酸酯Urea 脲Cyanamide 氨腈Carbodiimide 碳二亚胺Allophanate 脲基甲酸酯Thioester 硫代酸酯Thiol acid 硫羰酸Lactone 内酯Lactol 内半缩醛Macrolide 大环内酯Amino acid 氨基酸Zwitterions 两性离子Inner salt 内盐Betaine 甜菜碱Lactam 内酰胺Hydantion 乙内酰脲Peptide 肽Glycol 二醇Aldol 羟醛Acyloin 偶姻Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Aldose 醛糖Ketose 酮糖Furanose 呋喃糖Pyranose 吡喃糖Glycoside 糖苷Glucoside 葡[萄]糖苷Aglycon 苷元Saccharide 糖类Oligosaccharide 寡糖Polysaccharide 多糖Alditol 糖醇Osazone 脎Alicyclic compound 脂环化合物Cycloalkene 环烷Spirane 环烯Cage compound 螺烷Propellane 笼型化合物Rotazane 螺桨烷Catenane 轮烷Rused ring 索烃11。
有机化学双语词汇表
第一章derivatives 衍生物synthesize 合成isolate 分离isomerism 同分异构现象stability 稳定性polarity 极性solubility 溶解性side-reaction 副反应bond 键tetravalent 四价态valence 价态formula 表达式orbital 轨道heterolysis 异裂homolysis 均裂cation 正离子anion 负离子free radical 自由基acid 酸base 碱conjugate 共轭orbital 轨道functional group官能团第二章Hydrocarbon(烃) Saturated Hydrocarbon(饱和烃) molecule (分子) alkane (烷烃)cycloalkane (环烷烃) Isomer (同分异构体)Constitutional isomers (构造同分异构体)carbon skeleton (碳骨架) Cis-Trans isomerism (顺反异构) Alkyl Group (烷基) Primary (伯)Secondary (仲) Tertiary (叔) Quaternary (季)substituent(取代基) parent chain (主链)hybridization （杂化）conformation （构象异构）conformer（构象异构体）stagger （交叉）eclipse （重叠）boiling point（沸点）melting point（熔点）density（密度）chemical reagent（化学试剂）reactivity（反应活性）halogen （卤素）substitution （取代反应）oxidation （氧化反应）reduction （还原反应）isomeration （异构化反应）addition （加成反应）mixture （混合物）irradiate （照射）mechanism （反应机理）synthesis （合成）alkyl halide （烷基卤化物）aqueous acid （酸的水溶液）catalyst （催化剂）lithium dialkylcuprate （二烷基铜锂）第三章Unsaturated Hydrocarbons（不饱和烃）Alkene（烯烃）Alkyne（炔烃）Nomenclature （命名）Physical Properties （物理性质）Chemical Properties （化学性质）Synthesis（合成）hydrocarbons（烃）double bond (双键) general formula （通用分子式）integer（整数）ethylene（烯烃）tetravalent （四价）share （共用）planar(flat) （平面）approximately （大约）hybridized（杂化）equivalent （等价）orbital （轨道）perpendicular （垂直）approach （靠近）overlap （折叠）valence bond theory （价键理论）geometry（构型）pararrel (平行) Acetylene （乙炔）angle (角度) hybrid orbitals （杂化轨道）axis （轴）syn addition （顺式加成）catalyst （催化剂）release （释放）hyperconjugation (超共轭) steric hindrance (空间位阻) stability (稳定性) bulky (体积大的) regioselectivity (立构选择性) elimination (消除) rearrangement( 重排) dehydration (脱水) messy (乱) primary (伯) secondary (仲) tertiary (叔) relative reactivity (相对活性) catalytic hydration (催化加氢) heterogeneous catalyst (异相催化剂) mechanism (机制) electrophilic addition (亲电加成) polar reagent (极性试剂) reverse (相反) hydrohalogenation (氢卤化) cation (阳离子) anion (阴离子) titration (滴定) bromination (溴化) anti (反式) cis (顺式) intercept (揷入) halonium (卤鎓离子) oxidation (氧化) peroxycarboxylic acid (过氧酸) substituent (取代基) synthetic (合成的) coordinating (配位的) carbonyl (羰基) reduction (还原) tautomerization (异构化) radical (自由基)Hydroboration (氢硼化) internal(内部，中间) aldehyde（醛）nucleophilic （亲核）Epoxide（环氧化物）peroxy acid(过氧酸). Bromomethane （溴甲烷）Treatment （处理）In the same manner (同样的方式) major (主要的) minor (次要的)第四章Conjugated （共轭）Classification （分类）Diene （二烯）isomer（异构体）stability (稳定性) conductor (导体) cycloaddition (环加成) concerted (协同) retention （保持）第五章Aromatic （芳香）Aromaticity （芳香性）Benzene （苯）aliphatic （脂肪性的）fragrant （香味）orth (邻) meta (间) para (对) functional group (官能团) phenyl (苯基)Electrophilic （亲电）nitrate （硝化）halogenate （卤化）sulfonate （磺化）acylate（酰化）competition (竞争) deactivator (钝化剂)第六章Haloalkane (卤代烃) nucleophilic (亲核) polarized (极化) kinetics (动力学) transition state (过渡态) chiral (手性) leaving group (离去基团) bond strength (键强度) electronegativity (电负性)第七章（八章）Alcohol (醇) ethanol （乙醇）ether (醚) hydrophobic (疏水) hydrophilic (亲水) hydrolysis (水解) ester （酯）sodium borohydride (硼氢化钠) aqueous (无水)Work up (处理) simultaneous （同时）oxidation (氧化) organometallics (有机金属) basicity (碱性) ketone （酮）protonation (质子化)rearrangement （重排）unactive (失活) tetrahydrofuran（四氢呋喃）crown ether (冠醚) cation ( 阳离子) intramolecular (分子内) favor( 支持，有助) symmetrical (对称的) strained (张力的)Hinder(阻止)第九章Carbonyl (羰基) ketone (酮) carboxylic acid( 羧酸) aliphatic acid (脂肪酸) Acyl group (酰基) solubility (溶解性) acetic anhydride （乙酸酐）reagent (试剂) condensation (缩合) reaction (反应) nitrile (腈基) nitro group (硝基)。
【VIP专享】有机化学专业英语词汇
reaction mechanism反应机理homolysis均裂free redical自由基heterolysis异裂ionic type离子型electrophilic reagent亲电试剂electrophilic reaction亲电反应nucleophilic reagent亲核试剂nucleophilic reaction 亲核反应1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体:对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列•沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞。
有机化学术语(中英文对照)
1.有机化合物的官能团和重要的基团官能团 functional group双键 double bond三键 triple bond烃基 hydroxyl group琉基 mercapto硫轻基 sulfhydryl group羰基 carbonyl group氨基 amino group亚氨基 imino group硝基 nitro group亚硝基 nitroso group氰基 cyano group羧基 carboxyl group磺基 sulpho group烷基 alkyl group苯基 phenyl group卡基 benzyl group芳基 aryl group烯基 allyl group烷氧基 alkoxyl group酰基 acyl group活性亚甲基 active methylene group2.有机化合物的类型烃 hydrocarbon石蜡 paraffin脂肪烃 aliphatic hydrocarbon烷烃 alkane烯烃 alkene炔烃 alkyne共扼二烯烃 conjugated diene脂环烃 alicyclic hydrocarbon螺环化合物 spiro compound桥环化合物 bridged ring compound芳烃 aromatic hydrocarbon非苯芳烃 nonbenzenoid aromatic hydrocarbon 稠环芳烃 condensed aromatics卤代烃 halohydrocarbon醇 alcohol酚 phenol醚 ether环氧化合物 epoxide冠醚 crown ether硫醇 thiol硫酚 thiophenol硫醚 sulfide二硫化物 disulfide亚磺酸 sulfinic acid磺酸 sulfonic acid亚砜 sulfoxide砜 sulfone醛 aldehyde酮 ketone半缩醛 hemiacetaI半缩酮 hemiketal缩醛 acetal缩酮 ketal西佛碱 shiff's base肟 oxime腙 hydrozone缩氨脲 semicarbazoneα,β-不饱和酮α,β--unsaturated ketone 醌 quinone羧酸 carboxylic acid酰卤 acid halide酸酐 acid anhydride酯 ester酰胺 amide內酯 lactone内酰胺 lactam月青 nitrile取代酸 substituted acid羟基酸 hydroxy acid醇酸 alcoholic acid酚酸 phenolic acid酮酸 keto acidB-酮酸酯 B-ketone ester乙酰乙酸乙醋 ethyl acetoacetate亚硝基化合物 nitroso compound硝基化合物 njtro compound亚胺 imine胺 amine伯胺 primary amine仲胺 secondary amine叔胺 tertiary amine季铵盐 quaternary ammonium salt季铵碱 quaternary ammonium hydroxide 重氮盐 diazonium salt偶氮化合物 azo compound胍 guanidine氨基酸 amino acid磷 phosphine磷酸酯 phosphate亚磷酸酯 phosphite膦酸酯 phosphonate膦酸 phosphonic acid3.杂环化合物吡咯 pyrrol呋喃 furane噻吩 thiophone吲哚 indole卟吩 porphine咪唑 imidazole噻唑 thioazole吡啶 pyridine喹啉 quinoline异喹啉 isoquinoline吡喃鎓盐 pyrylium salts黄酮 flavone嘧啶 pirimidine嘌呤 purine4.有机天然产物肽 peptide多肽 polypeptide核酸 nucleic acid核苷 nucleoside核苷酸 nucleotide生物碱 alkaloid碳水化合物 carbohydrate单糖 monosaccharide醛糖 aldoses酮糖 ketosesD-核糖 riboseD-2-脱氧核糖 deoxyribose葡萄糖 glucose果糖 fructose糖脎 osazone糖苷 glucoside低聚糖 oligosaccharide麦芽糖 maltose蔗糖 sucrose纤维二糖 cellobiose环糊精 cyclodextrin多糖 polysaccharide淀粉 starch纤维素 cellulose类脂 lipid萜类化合物 terpenoid甾族化合物 steroid脂肪 fat油 oil脂肪酸 fatty acid甘油三羧酸酯 triglyceride磷脂 phospholipid磷脂酸 phosphalidic acid蜡 wax5.有机化合物的结构理论价键理论 valence-bond theory分子轨道理论 molecular orbital theory 共振论 resonance theory凯库勒式 Kekule formula路易斯式 Lewis formulaσ键σ bondπ键π bond键能 bond energy键角 bond angle键长 bond Iength成键轨道 bonding orbital反键轨道 antibonding orbital最高已占轨道 HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital最低末占轨道 LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital 诱导效应 inductive effect共轭效应 conjugated effectπ,π-共轭π,π- conjugationp,π-共轭p,π- conjugation超共轭作用 hyperconjugation离域能 delocalization energy共振能 resonance energy给电子基团 electron donating group吸电子基团 electron withdrawing group芳性 aromaticity休克尔规律 Huckel's rule两性离子 Zwitterion6.有机化学中的同分异构异构体 isomer构造 constitution构型 configuration构象 conformation构造异构 constitutional isomerism立体异构 stereo isomerism构型异构 configurational isomerism顺反异构 cis-trans isomerism次序规则 sequence ruIe同侧 Zugammen Z异侧 Entgegen E顺式 cis反式 trans对映异构 enantiomerism = 光学异构旋光异构 optical isomerism旋光性 optical activity旋光度 optical rotation比旋光度 specific rotation对称面 plane of symmetry对称中心 center of symmetry对称轴 axis of symmetry手性 chirality手性分子 chiral molecules对映异构体，对映体 enantiomer非对映体 diastereomer外消旋体 raceme左旋体 leveisomer右旋体 dextroisomer内消旋体 mesomer费歇尔投影式 Fischer projection相对构型 relative configuration绝对构型 absolute configurationR -构型 R -configurationS -构型 S -configuration赤式 erythro苏式 threo外消旋化 racemization拆分 resolution光学纯度 Optical Purity对映体过量百分数 enantiomeric excess立体专一性反应 stereospecific reaction 立体选择性反应 stereoselective reaction不对称合成 asymmetric synthesis构象异构 conformational isomerism构象分析 conformational analysis锯架式 perspective formula纽曼投影式 Newman projection formula椅式 chair form船式 boat form直立键 a键 axial bond 平伏键 e键 equatorial bond互变异构 tautomerism酮式 keto-form烯醇式 enol-form差向异构化 epimerization变旋现象 mutamerism哈武斯式 Haworth form7.有机反应的名称取代反应 substitution reaction加成反应 addition reaction马尔科夫尼可夫规律 Markovnikov rule 共轭加成 conjugate addition消去反应 elemination reaction查依采夫规律 Saytzeff rule霍夫曼规律 Hofmann rule硼氢化反应 hydroboration催化加氢 catalytic hydrogenation聚合反应 polymerization单体 monomer聚合物 polymer硝化反应 nitration卤化反应 halogenation磺化反应 sulfonation烷基化反应 alkylation酰基化反应 acylation酯化反应 esterification酯交换反应 transesterification脱羧反应 decarboxylation氯甲基化反应 chloromethylation傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应 Friedel-Crafts reaction格利雅反应 Grignard reaction格利雅试剂 (格氏试剂) Grignard reagent赖默-梯曼反应 Reimer-Tiemann reaction卤仿反应 haloform reaction水解反应 hydrolysis reaction醇解反应 alcoholysis reaction氨解反应 ammonolysisi reaction皂化 saponification插烯作用 vinylogy缩合 condensation克莱森缩合 Claisen condensation安息香缩合 benzoin condensation羟醛缩合 aldol condensation列弗尔马茨基反应 Reformatsky reaction迈克尔反应 Michael reaction诺文格尔反应 Knoevenagel reaction加布里反应 Gabriel reaction乙酰乙酸乙酯合成法 acetoacetic ester synthesis 丙二酸酯合成法 malonic ester synthesis 威廉逊合成法 William Son synthesis海森堡试验 Hinsberg test重氮化反应 diazotization reaction偶联反应 coupling reaction脱氨基反应 deamination reaction维悌希反应 Wittig reaction氧化反应 oxidation reaction还原反应 reduction reaction周环反应 pericyclic reaction环加成反应 cycloaddition reaction电环化反应 electrocyclic reaction坎尼扎罗反应 Cannizzaro reaction齐齐巴宾反应 Chichibabin reaction狄尔斯-阿德尔反应 Diels-alder reaction斐林试剂 Fehling reagent托伦试剂 Tollens reagent沃克还原 Wolff-Kishner reduction罗森蒙德还原 Rosenmund reduction克莱门森还原 Clemmenson reduction考普重排 Cope rearrangement霍夫曼重排 Hofmann rearrangement嚬哪醇重排 pinacol rearrangement弗里茨重排 Fries rearrangement克莱森重排 Claisen rearrangement二烯体 diene亲二烯体 dienophile分子轨道对称守恒原理 conversation of orbital symmetry8.有机反应机理均裂 homolytic异裂 heterolytic活性中间体 active intermediate碳正离子 carbocation碳负离子 carbanion烯醇负离子 enolate anion自由基，游离基 free radical卡宾，碳烯 carbene氮烯 nitrene速度决定步骤 rate-determining step哈蒙特假定 Hammond postulate能线图 energy profile过渡状态 transition state邻基参与 neighboring group participation动力学控制 kinetic control热力学控制 thermodynamic control离去基团 leaving group底物 substrate亲电试剂 electrofphile亲核试剂 nucleophile亲电加成反应 electrophilic addition亲电取代反应 electrophilic substitution定位规律 orientation rule亲核取代反应 nucleophilic substitutionSN2 反应机理 SN2 reaction mechanismSN1 反应机理 SN1 reaction mechanism瓦尔登转化 Walden inversion亲核加成反应 nucleophilic addition亲核加成-消去反应 nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction 消去反应机理 elimination reaction mechanismE1 反应机理 E1 reaction mechanismE2 反应机理 E2 reaction mechanism反式消去 anti elimination重排反应机理 rearrangement reaction mechanism自由基反应 free radical reaction链引发 chain initation链增长 chain propagation链终止 chain termination9.有机化合物的光谱红外光谱 IR Infrared spectra傅立叶变换 Fourier Transform指纹区 finger print region吸收频率 absorption frequency紫外光谱 UV Ultraviolet spectra电子跃迁 elctronic transition吸光度 absorbance摩尔消光系数 molar extinction coefficient发色团 chromophore助色团 auxochrome核磁共振 NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance1HNMR 谱 1HNMR spectra13CNMR 谱 13CNMR spectra屏蔽效应 shielding effect化学位移 chemical shift自旋偶合 spin-spin coupling自旋裂分 spin-spin splitting偶合常数 coupling constant质子去偶 proton spin decoupling 质子偏共振去偶 proton off-resonance decoupling质谱 Mass Spectra(MS)电子流轰击 election impact (EI)快原子轰击 fast atom bombarment (FAB)分子离子峰 molecular ion peak同位素峰 isotopic peak基峰 base peak质荷比(m/z) mass-to-charge ratio10.分子间作用力氢键 hydrogen bond色散力 dispersion force 范德华力 Van Der Waals force 偶极-偶极作用力 dipole-dipole interraction force11.物理性质熔点 melting point沸点 boiling point密度 density溶解度 solubility偶极矩 dipole moment12.有机化合物的酸碱性酸性 acidity碱性 basicity<HTML>本站材料仅为本院教师与学生教学所用，请勿它用！</HTML>[此文档可自行编辑修改，如有侵权请告知删除，感谢您的支持，我们会努力把内容做得更好]。
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有机化学专业词汇Route ［`raut]【路线】Strategy ［’strætidʒi]【策略】Rearrangement ［ˏri：ә'reindʒmәnt］【重排】Asymmetric ['eisi'metrik］【不对称】Migration ［mai'greiʃәn］【迁移】Mechanism [’mekәnizәm]【机理】Substrate ［’sʌbstreit］【底物、培养基】Synthesis ［’sinθisis］【合成】Labile ［’leibail]【不稳定的】Azeotropic [әˏzi:ә’trɔpik］【共沸的】Scheme [ski：m］【图示】Derivative [di’rivәtiv]【衍生物】Analogous ［ә'nælәgәs］【类似物】Primary ［'praimәri］【伯—】Secondary ['sekәndәri]【仲-】Tertiary ['tә:ʃәri］【叔-】Functional ［'fʌŋkʃәnl] group【官能团】Catalyst ［`kætәlist] 【催化剂】Catalysis ［kә`tælisis］【催化（作用)】Catalytical ［kætә`litikәl] 【催化的】Hydrogenolysis [ˏhaidrәudʒә'nɔlәsis］【氢化】Hydrogenous [hai’drɔdʒinәs] 【含氢的】pericyclic ［peri’saiklik］ reaction【周环反应】transition ［træn'ziʒәn］ state 【过渡态】homolysis ［hɔ'mɔlisis］【均裂】heterolysis ［ˏhetә'rɔlisis] 【异裂】homogeneous ［ˏhɔmәu'dʒi:njәs]【均相的】heterogeneous ［ˏhetәrәu'dʒi:niәs] 【非均相的】Steric ［’sterik] hindrance[`hindrәns] 【立体位阻】Lipophilic ［ˏlipә`filik] 【亲脂性的】chiral [`kairәl］【手性的】electrophile [i`lektrәfail］【亲电试剂】nucleophilic [ˏnju：kliәu'filik］【亲核的】hydrolysis ［hai`drɔlisis] 【水解(作用）】acidolysis [ˏæsi`dɔlisis] 【酸解（作用）】displacement [dis’pleismәnt］【取代】formalin ['fɔ:mәlin］【甲醛溶液】dilute [dai'lju:t］【稀释】dehydrate ［di:'haidreit] 【脱水】dilation [dai’leiʃәn］【膨胀】saponification [sәpɔnifi’keiʃәn］【皂化】emulsification [iˏmʌlsifi'keiʃәn] 【乳化】reactant [ri：’æktәnt］【反应物】adduct [ә'dʌkt］【加合物】dissolve ［di'zɔlv]【溶解】degradation ［ˏdegrә'deiʃәn］【降解】mild ［maild］【（反应)温和的】harsh ［hɑ:ʃ］【(反应）苛刻的】racemic ［rә’si:mik]【消旋的】substituent [sʌb'stitjuәnt]【取代基】conjugation ［ˏkɔndʒu'geiʃәn]【偶和】equivalent [i'kwivәlәnt]【当量的】volatile ［’vɔlәtail］【易挥发的】susceptible ［sә'septәbl］【易受影响的】in large scale【大量】protease ［’prәutieis]【蛋白酶】side chain【侧链】Impuritiy [im'pjuәriti]【杂质】Component [kәm'pәunәnt］【组分】Tare ［tєә］【去皮】Syringe ['sirindʒ]【注射器】Concentrate ［’kɔnsentreit]【浓缩】Aqueous ［’eikwiәs］【水相（的）】Methodology [meθә'dɔlәdʒi］【方法学】Precursor [pri(:)'kә:sә] 【前体】Separation [sepә'reiʃәn]【分离】Purification ［ˏpjuәrifi'keiʃәn］【纯化】Recrystallization [’rikristәlai'zeiʃәn］【重结晶】Crystalline ［’kristәlain]【晶体】Distillation ［ˏdisti'leiʃәn］【蒸馏】Sublimation [ˏsʌbli'meiʃәn］【升华】Microwave ［'maikrәuweiv］【微波】Infrared ['infrә’red]【红外】ultraviolet [’ʌltrә’vaiәlit］ active【紫外显色】isotope ［'aisәutәup］【同位素】isomer ['aisɔmә］【同分异构体】Isomerization [aiˏsɔmәrai'zeiʃәn]【异构化】Transformation [ˏtrænsfә'meiʃәn］【转化】Stability ［stә’biliti]【稳定性】Poisoned ［’pɔiznd]【中毒的】Filter ［'filtә］【过滤器】Filtration ［fil'treiʃәn]【过滤】Filtrate ［'filtreit]【滤液】Filter Cake【滤饼】Eluent [’eljuәnt]【淋洗液】Thin—layer-chromatography ［ˏkrәumә'tɔgrәfi］ TLC【薄层色谱】Preparative ［pri'pærәtiv］ TLC【制备薄层色谱】HPLC【高效液相色谱】LC—MS【液质联用仪】Protic ［’prәutik］【质子的】Aprotic[ә'prәutik］【非质子的】Decompose ［ˏdi:kәm'pәuz]【分解】Removal [ri'mu：vәl］【除去】Reduced [ri’dju：st］ pressure 【减压】Vacuum ['vækjuәm] 【真空】Elimination ［iˏlimi’neiʃәn］【消除】Addition ［ә'diʃәn]【添加、加成】Ligand ['laigәnd］【配体】Stopper ['stɔpә]【塞子】Separatory/ addition/ Büchner funnel ['fʌnәl]【分液/加料/布什】column chromatography【柱层析】Run column【用柱层析分离】Stopcock ['stɔpkɔk] 【旋塞阀】Condenser [kәn'densә]【冷凝管】Chamber ['tʃeimbә]【（薄层用）展缸】Bench ［bentʃ] 【实验台】Hood [hud］【通风橱】Rotavapor [ˏrәutә'veipә］【旋蒸】Evaporation [iˏvæpә'reiʃәn] 【蒸发】vacuum hose ［hәuz]【真空管】silicon ［’silikәn] oil bath 【（硅）油浴】sink ［siŋk］【水槽】neutralize ［'nju:trәlaiz] 【中和】stir bar 【搅拌子】Dry ice trap【干冰冷阱】Glovebox ［glʌvә’bɔks]【手套箱】vacuum pump ［pʌmp]【真空泵】spatula ［’spætjulә］【刮刀】miscible ［'misibl］【混溶的】Quench ［kwentʃ]【淬灭】Purging [’pә：dʒiŋ]【鼓气】Titration [tai’treiʃәn]【滴定】Trituration [tritju’reiʃәn]【研磨】Dessicator ['desikeitә:］【干燥剂】Hygroscopic [ˏhaigrәu’skɔpik] 【吸湿的】Lachrymator [’lækriˏmeitә]【催泪剂】DI （de-ion) water【去离子水】Stoichiometric [ˏstɔikiәuˋmєtrik] 【化学量的】Volumetric [vɔlju’metrik］【测体积的】Weighing ［'weiiŋ］ paper【称量纸】Mechanical ［mi’kænikl] stirring apparatus ［ˏæpә’reitәs]【机械搅拌装置】heating mental ['mentl］【加热套】Eclipse [i’klips] 【使失色】Anomeric ［’ænәˏmerik] Effect 【端基异构效应】Equatorial [ˏekwә’tɔ：riәl]【平伏（键）的】Axial ［’æksiәl］【直立（键）的】Gauche ［gәuʃ] 【构象】Thermodynamic ［'θә：mәudai’næmik]【热力学的】Kinetic ［kai’netik］【动力学的】Enantioselective ［eˏnæntiәsi’lektiv］【对映选择性的】Diastereotopic ［ˏdaiәstiәriә'tɔpik] 【非对映的】Chemoselectivity 【化学选择性】。