计算机科学与技术专业英语练习
计算机专业英语_考试题目
----------------------------精品word 文档 值得下载 值得拥有---------------------------------------------- 一、词汇(一)Translate the following words or expressions into Chinese.1．Central Processing Unit 中央处理单元2．relational database 关系数据库 3．software crisis 软件危机 4．feasibility analysis 可行性分析5．electronic commerce 电子商务6．reference element 参考元素9．object-oriented language 面向对象的语言13．assembly language 汇编语言14．standardize 使标准化17．embedded system 嵌入式系统----------------------------精品word 文档 值得下载 值得拥有----------------------------------------------20．gray scale 灰度 (二) Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations. (根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
)1．随机存储器 RAM2．广域网 WAN3．超文本标记语言 HTML4．文件传输协议 FTP5．液晶显示器 LCD6．结构化查询语言SQL7．磁盘操作系统 DOS8．电子公告板系统 BBS(三) Translate the following English abbreviations into Chinese. (根据英语缩写写出相应的中文意思。
)1．USB 通用串行总线 3．AI 人工智能4．HDD 硬盘驱动器5．DNS 域名服务器6．IE 网页浏览器8．PPP 点对点通信协议 9．SMTP 简单邮件传输协议10．WWW 万维网二、 匹配1、portability J A 、半兼容的2、ROM D B 、客户服务器模式3、carrier signal G C 、数据库管理信息系统4、protocol F D 、只读存储器5、CSS H E 、综合业务数字网6、proxy server N F 、协议7、computer aided design S G 、载波信号8、semi-compatible A H 、层次式样表9、SCSI O I、性能影响10、URL（uniform resource locator） M J、可移植性11、performance hit I K、超文本传输协议12、CP/M R L、局域网13、ISP T M、统一资源定位器14、CLI(Command Language Interpreter)Q N、代理服务器15、hypertext document P O、小型计算机系统接口16、LAN L P、超文本文档17、database management system C Q、命令语言解释程序18、HTTP K R、微机控制程序19、ISDN E S、计算机辅助设计20、client server B T、网络服务提供者三、英文解释（此题仅供参考）In this section, there are 15 sentences which are the English words explanation. You are required to read it carefully, then choose the proper word corresponding with the explanation。
计算机专业英语期末复习题及参考答案
一单选题 (共10题，总分值30分 )1. hacker （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙2. functional testing （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙3. relational database （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙4. firewall （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙5. software testing （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙6. audi （3 分）B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙7. application software （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙8. machine language （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库J. 防火墙9. memory （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙10. structured programming （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙二填空题 (共1题，总分值5分 )11. Microsoft Word XP is the current Window versionof Word, and documents created in Word XP can beeasily _________________________________Excel, Power Point and Access files. In the interface of Word, the_________________________________displays the name of the current application and name of the current document;the_________________________________lists the names of the menus available;the_________________________________gives the user quick access to frequently used editingfunctions; the_________________________________enables theuser to change left and right margin.toolbarrulertitle barmenu barincorporate into （5 分）三翻译题 (共10题，总分值50分 )12. hard disk （5 分）13. 集成开发环境（5 分）14. 通用串行总线（5 分）15. network security （5 分）16. software maintenance （5 分）17. electronic commerce （5 分）18. 广域网（5 分）19. 结构化查询语言（5 分）20. management information system （5 分）21. 面向对象编程（5 分）四阅读理解 (共1题，总分值15分 )22. The Internet, then known as ARPANET, wasbrought online in 1969, which initiallyconnected four major computers at universitiesin the southwestern US . The early Internet wasused by computer experts , engineers, scientists, and librarians. There was nothing friendly about it. There were no home or office personalcomputers in those days, and anyone who used it, whether a computer professional or an engineeror scientist or librarian, had to learn to use a very complex system.The Internet matured in the 1970's as a result of the TCP/IP architecture. As the commands for E-mail, FTP , and telnet were standardized, it became a lot easier for non-technical people to learn to use the nets. It was not easy by today' s standards by any means, but it did open up use of the Internet to many more people in universities in particular. Other departments besides the libraries, computer, physics, and engineering departments found ways to make good use of the nets -- to communicate with colleagues around the world and to share files and resources.In 1991, the first really friendly interface to the Internet was developed at the University of Minnesota. The University wanted to develop a simple menu system to access files and information on campus through their local network.Since the Internet was initially funded by the government, it was originally limited to research, education, and government uses. Commercial uses were prohibited unless they directly served the goals of research and education. This policy continued until the early 1990's, when independent commercial networks began to grow.(四) Choose the best answer according to Passage C.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。
计算机专业英语复习题完整版
计算机专业英语复习题标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]1.home page 主页2.graphical user interface (GUI) 图形用户界面3.artificial intelligence 人工智能4.carbon copy 打字副本5.field 字段6.software suite 软件套装7.desktop operating system 桌面操作系统ser printer 激光打印机9.machine language 机器语言10.relational database 关系数据库11.menu bar 菜单栏12.secondary storage 辅助存储器；二级存储器13.system software 系统软件二、1.内存 memory2.输入设备 input device3.扬声器 speaker4.局域网 local-area network5.传输控制协议 transmission control protocol6.集成电路 integrated circuits7.上下文敏感 context sensitive8.微处理器 microprocessor9.只读存储器 Read-only memory10.触摸屏 touch screen11.像素 pixel12.多媒体 multimedia13.自动换行 word wrap三_________.A、peopleB、OSC、keyboardsD、proceduresE、software( abc ) 2、For microcomputer, there are three basic system units:____________ .A、Desktop system unitsB、Notebook system unitsC、Personal digital assistant system unitsD、Arithmetic-logic units( a ) 3、Language translators convert programming statementsinto__________.A、machine languagesB、UNIXC、service programsD、operating systems( b ) 4、The ____________is a list of commands or options from which you can choose.A、iconB、menuC、windowD、pointer( a ) 5、Database management systems are comprised of tables that are made of rows called __________ and columns called __________ .A、fields, recordsB、ranges, sheetsC、records, fieldsD、records, ranges( abcd )6、The four main computer operations are _________.A、inputB、processingC、outputD、storageE、compile( c ) 7、RAM is a kind of____________ memory.A、permanentB、smartC、temporaryD、flashE、expansion（ acd ）8、Which are the types of non-impact printer: ____________ .A、 thermal printerB、dot matrix printerC、laser printerD、ink-jet printerE、all of above（ a ）9、What is an extension of a driver in Windows environmentsA、.drvB、.txtC、D、.sysE、.win( c ) 10、The following answers ____________ is the system software.A、PHOTOSHOPB、EXCELC、Windows NTD、POWERPOINT ( bde ) 11、In monitors, the three primary colors are__________ .A、yellowB、redC、whiteD、greenE、blue( ab ) 12、Typically, the first page of a Web site is referred to as its__________ .A、home pageB、web pageC、HTMLD、URLE、site( ) 13、The new addressing system IPV6 defines an IP address as a ______________number. A、16-bit B、32-bit C、64-bitD、128-bit四、（一）Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use themon trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the1500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a＄10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. Thestudents with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, theywill be able to use e-mail to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates,and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program isthat students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs.They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops becomemore powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but alsolibraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studyinghow laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptopprograms at other universities, too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percentof the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.”笔记本电脑在世界各地流行。
计算机专业英语复习题
一、判断对错1. The software system is the physical equipment that you can see and touch.2. Typically, a data value is set to zero to represent FALSE and 1 value for TRUE.3. In the earliest general-purpose computer, most input and output media were magnetic disks.4. Supercomputers are largest, fastest, and most expensive computer available.5. A computer system consists of hardware system and software system.1. The data bus always receives data from the CPU, and the CPU never reads the data bus.2. Main memory holds whatever programs and data are available for immediate use by theCPU.3. Dynamic RAM does not have to be refreshed.4.Dot-matrix printer work by squirting tiny droplets of liquid ink at the paper.5. The auxiliary memory is very small, relatively expensive, and has very high access speed.1. Shift registers operate in serial fashion all the bits of the word at a time.2. RISC processors have larger instruction sets that often include some particularly complexinstructions.3. SIMD represents an organization that includes many processing units under the supervisionof a common control unit.4. Parallel processing is established by distributing the data among the multiple functional units.5. RISC is a complex instruction set computer.1. A number of different algorithms can exist for solving a computational problem, and each ofthese algorithms could have a same running time complexity.2. The divide-and-conquer algorithm is a bottom-up technique that usually begins by solvingthe smallest subproblems, the dynamic programming solves problems in a top-down fashion.3. An important property of arrays is that their size and shape are constant.4. If all of the elements stored in a list are of the same type, then the list is said to beheterogeneous. However, if different types of elements are stored in the list, then the list is said to be homogeneous.5. A queue is a dynamic set that obeys the LIFO property.1. The computer hardware recognizes only assembly language instruction.2. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessor can run on a computerthat has a different microprocessor.3. Assembly languages are platform-independent, but high-level languages are notplatform-independent.4. The 4GLs are also called nonprocedural languages.5. Each assembly language instruction corresponds to one unique machine code instruction.二、完形填空Unit 1This chapter introduces digital computer, data types, the evolution of computers, and types of computers. 1 is known to all, it’s hard to find a field in 2 computers are not being used. Digital computer, also called electronic computer or computer, is a digital system that 3 various computational tasks. Digital computers use the 4 number system, which has two digits: 0 and 1.By using various coding 5 , groups of bits can be made to represent not only binary numbers 6 other discrete symbols, such as decimal digits or letters of the alphabet. A computer system consists of hardware system and software system. Programs tell the hardware what to do. 7 software is designed to accomplish real-world tasks in fields such as accounting, entertainment, and engineering. Computers are usually 8 into four broad categories: microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers. It’s hard to give a 9 definition to each type because computer speeds and storage 10 change rapidly.1. A. As B. It C. As it D. That2. A. what B. which C. where D. when3. A. performs B. carries C. makes D. integrates4. A. decimal B. binary C. Arabian D. American5. A. technique B. technologyC. techniquesD. technologies6. A. instead of B. rather thanC. but alsoD. as well7. A. Application B. System C. Word D. Excel8. A. put B. made C. conducted D. classified9. A. precious B. progress C. proceeding D. precise10. A. capacities B. capable C. capabilities D. capacity1.A2. B3. A4. B5. C6. C7. A8. D9. D 10.AUnit 2A computer system 1 of hardware system and software system. The hardware of the computer is usually divided into three major parts or three 2 subsystems: the CPU, the memory subsystem, and the I/O 3 . The CPU is made up of three major parts, Register Set, the 4 logic unit, or ALU, and Control Unit. It performs many operations and controls computer. Memory is also known as 5 memory or main memory, which is cataloged into two major types of memory: Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM).It refers to the 6 in the computer that hold whatever programs and data are available 7 immediate use by the CPU, along with the program’s data. Computer systems include special hardware 8 between the CPU and peripherals to supervise and synchronize allinput and output transfers. These components are called 9 units because they interface between the processor bus and the peripheral device. The I/O subsystem allows the CPU to 10 with input and output devices.1. A. consists B. makes upC. constitutesD. comprise2. A. premier B. primaryC. preliminaryD. elementary3. A. system B. machine C. subsystem D. device4. A. mathematic B. authorativeC. arithmeticD. authoritative5. A.external B.exterior C. Interior D. internal6. A. circuits B. wires C. lines D. hardware7. A.by B. for C. with D. in8. A.software B. setting C. listing D. components9. A. singular B.dual C. interface D. compact10. A.handle B. interact C. respond D. link1. A2. B3. C4. C5. D6. A7. B8. D9. C 10. BUnit 3In computer engineering, computer architecture is the ___1___ design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system. It is a ___2___ and functional description of requirements, especially speeds and interconnections, and design implementations for the various parts of a computer —___3___ largely on the way by which the central processing unit (CPU) performs internally and accesses addresses in memory. Computer system architecture ___4___ the design of the four ___5___: parallel processing, pipelining, vector processing and RISC. Parallel processing system is used to provide simultaneous data-processing tasks for the purpose of increasing the ___6__ speed of a computer systemand is able to perform ___7___ data processing to achieve faster execution time. A pipeline is a set of data processing elements connected in series, so that the output of one element is the input of the next one. The elements of a pipeline are often ___8___ in parallel or in time-sliced fashion. A vector processor, is a CPU design that is able to run mathematical operations on multiple data elements simultaneously. Computers with vector processing capabilities are in demand in 9___ applications. RISC processors have fewer and __10___ instructions than CISC processors. As a result, their control units are less complex and easier to design.1. A. lastest B. conceptual C. ideal D. simple2. A. plan B. design C. blueprint D. concept3. A. relying B. depending C. attaching D. focusing4. A. refers B. speaks C. involves D. interacts5. A. ingredients B. types C. kinds D. lists6. A. computational B. computerC. computationD. computing7. A. current B. compoundC. concurrentD. massive8. A. displayed B. carriedC. accomplishedD. executed9. A. special B. specialized C. specific D. especial10. A. simple B. simplifying C. singular D. simpler1. B2. C3. D4. C5. A6. A7. C8. D9. B 10.D Unit 4Algorithms are essential to the way computers process information, because a computer program is 1 an algorithm that tells the computer what specific 2 to perform in certain order in order to carry out a speci fied task, such as calculating employees’ paychecks or printing students’ report cards. Thus, an algorithm can be considered to be 3 sequence of operations that can be performed by a turning-complete system. In fact, a data structure is a way of 4 data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently. Often a carefully 5 data structure will allow the 6 efficient algorithm to be used. The choice of the data structure often begins from the choice of an 7 data type.A well-designed data structure allows a variety of critical operations to be performed, using as few resources, both execution time and memory space, as possible. Data structures are implemented by a 8 language as data types and the references and operations they provide. Moreover, different kinds of data structures are 9 to different kinds of applications, and some are highly specialized to certain tasks. For example, B-trees are particularly well-suited for implementation of databases, 10 networks of machines rely on routing tables to function.1. A. essentially B. essential C. partially D. mainly2. A. methods B. steps C. plans D. exercises3. A. some B. a C. the D. any4. A. receiving B. storing C. input D. output5. A. chosen B. madeC. programmedD. picked6. A. very B. most C. more D. less7. A. abstract B.concrete C. special D. certain8. A. basic B. runningC. programmingD. advanced9. A. comforted B. suited C. compared D. hooked10. A. therefore B. with C. when D. while1. A2. B3. D4. B5. A6. B7. A8. C9. B 10. DUnit 5A total computer system includes both hardware system and software system. Hardware consists of the 1 components and all associated equipment. Software refers to the programs that are 2 for the computer. It is possible to be familiar with various3 of computer software without being concerned with details of how the computer hardware operates.A programming language is a language used to write computer programs, which involve a computer 4 some kind of computation or algorithm and possibly control over 5 devices such as printers, robots, and so on. Programming languages differ from 6 languages in that natural languages are only used for interaction between people, while programming languages also allow humans to communicate 7 to machines. Some programming languages are used by one device 8 control another. A prominent 9 of programming languages is to provide instructions to a computer. Thousands of different programming languages have been 10 , and new languages are created every year.1. A. mental B. possible C.essential D. physical2. A. design B. spoken C. writtenD. made3. A. parts B. kinds C.types D. aspects4. A.performed B. to performC. performingD. performs5. A.intenal B. external C. inside D. outside6. A. natural B. Human C. computer D. artificial7. A.orders B. instructions C. codes D. calls8. A. to B. for C. with D. over9. A. show B. research C. purpose D. study10. A. creatingB. created C. to create D. creation1. D2. C3. D4. C5. B6. A7. B8. A9. C 10. B三、汉译英1.coding techniques 编码技术2. application software 应用软件3. floating point data 浮点数据4.timesharing分时，分时技术5. storage capacities 存储容量1. system buses 系统总线2. virtual memory 虚拟存储器3. computer architecture 计算机体系结构4. instruction set 指令集5. direct memory access 直接存储器存取1.parallel processing 并行处理2. pipeline processing流水线处理3. vector processing 向量处理4. scalar processor标量处理器5. backward compatibility 向下兼容1. parallel algorithm并行算法2. exhaustive search穷举搜索3. dynamic programming 动态规划4. doubly-linked list 双向链表5. two-dimensional array 二维数组1. derived class派生类2. Inheritance 继承3. markup languages 标记语言4. Hyperlinks 超链接5. Java virtual machine Java虚拟机四、翻译句子1. By using various coding techniques, groups of bits can be made to represent not only binary numbers but also other discrete symbols.2. System software includes not only the complex programs used by technicians to create application software in the first place but also the organizational programs needed to start up the computer and govern its use of other programs.3. Data are numbers and other binary-code information that are operated on to achieve required computational results.4. Rather than arithmetically or logically manipulating characters, a computer may concatenate strings of characters, replace some characters with others, or otherwise manipulate character strings.5. Software applications like word processing, electronic spreadsheets, database management programs, painting and drawing programs, desktop publishing, and so forth became commercially available, giving more people reasons to use a computer.1. By asserting these internal and external control signals in the proper sequence, the control unit causes the CPU and the rest of the computer to perform the operation needed to correctly process instructions.2. In a computer with virtual memory, less-used parts of programs are shifted from RAM to a hard disk and are moved back only when needed.3. A technique used to compensate for the mismatch in operating speeds is to employ an extremely fast, small cache between the CPU and main memory whose access time is close to processor logic clock cycle time.4. The data transfer rate of peripherals is usually slower than the transfer rate of the CPU, and consequently, a synchronization mechanism may be needed.5. In some computers the interrupt vector is an address that points to a location in memory where the beginning address of the I/O service routine is stored.1. The purpose of parallel processing is to speed up the computer processing capability and increase its throughput, that is, the amount of processing that can be accomplished during a given interval of time.2. It is characteristic of pipelines that several computations can be in process in distinct segments at the same time.3. To achieve the required level of high performance it is necessary to utilize the fastest and most reliable hardware and apply innovative procedures from vector and parallel processing techniques.4. In general, the greater the number of instructions in an instruction set, the larger the propagation delay is within the CPU.5. Although CISC processors are more complex, this complexity does not necessarily increase development costs.1. In short, communication problems arise when the language used for an algorithm's representation is not precisely defined or when information is not given in adequate detail.2. Another common algorithmic structure involves that the need to continue executing a statement or sequence of statements as long as some condition remains true.3. In many algorithms, running time will vary not only for inputs of different sizes, but also for different inputs of the same size.4. Thus, dynamic programming is a bottom-up technique that usually begins by solving the smallest subproblems, saving these results, and then reusing them to solve larger and larger subproblems until the solution to the original problem is obtained.5. The conversion from this conceptual one-dimensional array organization to the actual arrangement within the machine’s memory is straight forward and the data can be stored in a seguence of 24 memory cells with consecutive address in the same order envisioned by the programma.1. Documentation is needed for everyone who will be involved with the program——users, operators, and programmers.2. Rather, programs written in a high-level language or assembly language are converted to machine language, which is then executed by the computer.3. The corresponding programs set forth precise procedures, or series of instructions, and the programmer has to follow a proper order of actions to solve a problem.4. 4GLs may not entirely replace third-generation languages because they are usually focused on specific tasks and hence offer fewer options.5. Inheritance is the means by which objects of a class can access member variables and functions contained in a previously defined class, without having to restate those defi nitions.。
计算机专业英语练习
计算机专业英语练习U3 计算机语言与编程中译英可执行程序机器语言运行计算机程序硬件平台命令行程序图标操作环境存储介质功能键多任务操作系统设备驱动程序低级语言万维网浏览器即时编译可移植应用软件本机代码面向对象程序设计条件语句安全漏洞网络管理工具英译中time-slice multitasking desktop operating systeminterpreter professional versionvirtual memory context switchingtouch screen graphics cardfile folder beta versionartificial language assembly languagefunction statement target machineJava applet multithread programmingsecurity mechanism garbage collection句子阅读与翻译1.Consumers can select from several operating systems for their personal computers andhandheld devices. Microsoft Windows, installed on more than 80% of the world’s personal computer, is the best-selling operating sustem.2. A statement in a program is a basic sentence that expresses a simple idea—its purpose is togive the computer a basic instruction.3.Programming language can be classified as either low-level languages or high-level languages.Low-level programming language, or machine language, are the most basic type of programming languages and can be understood directly by a computer.4.In an assembly language, each statement corresponds roughly to one machine languageinstruction.5.However, high-level languages must be translated into machine language by another programcalled compiler before a computer can understand them.6.Frequently, several instructions may be in process simultaneously, each at a different stage inits instruction cycle.7.Of the major desktop operating systems, Windows has the reputation for being the mostvulnerable to viruses, worms, and other attacks.8.The most commonly used programming languages are highly portable and can be used toeffectively solve diverse types of computing problems.9.Java’s rapid rise and wide acceptance can be traced to its design and programming features,particularly its promise that you can write a program once and run it everywhere.10.Each work area window can display a different document or program, providing a visualmodel of the operating system’s multitasking capabilities.11.Multitasking, in computer science, is a mode of operation offered by an operating system inwhich a computer works on more than one task at a time.12.The bytecode generated by a Java compiler is machine-independent and can run on anyplatform with a Java interpreter.13. ROM contains a bootstrap program that supplies instructions for loading key parts of the operating system when the computer starts.。
(完整word版)计算机专业英语试题
计算机专业英语试题I．V ocabulary(词汇)(30分)(一)Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese．(写出下列词组的汉语。
共10分，每题1分)1．Operating system____________2．white bOx testing__________3．hard disk_________4．management information system_______________5．electronic commerce___________________6．relational database__________________7．software engineering___________________8．software maintenance__________________9．menu bar______________10. network security___________________(二)Fill in the blank swith the corresponding English abbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
共10分，每题1分)1．只读存储器__________ 2．广域网___________3．传输控制协议___________ 4，文件传送[输]协议__________5．通用串行总线__________ 6.面向对象编程____________7．集成开发环境___________ 8．结构化查询语言___________9．数据库管理系统___________ 10．开放系统互连______(三)Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column．(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
计算机专业英语教程参考答案
计算机专业英语教程参考答案计算机专业英语练习参考答案Unit 1[Ex 1]1..F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.T9.T 10.F [Ex 2]1.input, storage, processing, and output2. power, speed, memory3. central processing unit4. internal, primary, memory5. keyboard, central processing unit, main memory, monitor[Ex 3]A. 1.F 2.D 3.G 4.C 5.B 6.E 7.H 8.AB. /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html er 2.monitor 3.data4.keyboard5.data processing6. information/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html puter8.memory[Ex 4]1.input device2. screen, screen3.manipulates4.instructions5.retrieve6.code7.hard copy8.function/code/instruction [Ex 5]1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T6.F7.T8.FUnit 2[Ex 1]1.T2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.F[Ex 2]1. sizes, shapes, processing capabilities2. supercomputer, mainframe computer, minicomputers, microcomputers3. mainframe computer4.microcomputers, storage locations5. portables, laptop computers/ notebook/palm-sized computer, desktop workstations6.semiconductor7. CPU, memory, storage, devices, processing, users8. microprocessor ship[Ex 3]A. 1.C 2.A 3.H 4.I 5.E 6.F 7.G 8.BB. 1.capacity 2.device /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html ptop computer4.portable computers5.silicon6. semiconductor7.workstation8.voltage9.RAM 10.ROM[Ex 4]1. portable2.access3. main memory4.sophisticated programs5. processing capabilities6.instructions7.semiconductor /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html putation /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html puter professional[Ex 5]1.T2.T3.T4.F5.F6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.T 14.T Unit 3[Ex 1]1.T2.F3.T4.T5.T6.T7.F8.F9.T 10.F 11.T 12.F[Ex 2]1.microprocessor2.bus3.registers4.control unit5.processor6.binary7.arithmetic, logical/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html liseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds.9.instruction 10.execution 11.megaherts 12.wordsize[Ex 3]A. 1.J 2.D 3.F 4.B 5.C 6.E 7.I 8.H 9.A 10.GB. 1.storage 2.chip 3.registers 4.ALU 5.bus6.control bus7.machine language8.binary system9.bits 10. computer program[Ex 4]1. configuration2. converts3.data bus4.characters5.converts6.synchronize7.circuitry8.internal clock [Ex 5]1.T2. F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.T8.T9.T 10.F Unit 4[Ex 1]1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.F 11.T 12.T 13.F 14.F 15.T 16.F 17.T 18.F 19 T 20.F 21.T 22.F [Ex 2]1. main memory2.RAM3.diskettes/floppy disks; hard disks4.chips5.parity6.expanded,extended7.monochrome 8.cache 9.ROM 10.updated [Ex 3]A. 1.B 2.E 3.C 4.J 5.I 6.H 7.A 8.F 9.G 10.DB. 1.secondary storage 2.buffer 3.access4.code5.diskette6.slots7.terminals8.motherboard9.bytes 10.screen[Ex 4]1.desktop2.software3.animation4.transferred5.sophisticated/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html patible7.cache8.upgrade[Ex 5]1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.T 11.T 12.T 13.T 14.F 15.F 16.T Unit 5[Ex 1]1.T2.F .3.F4.F5.T6.T7.T8.F9.F 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.T[Ex 2]1.floppy disks2.disk drive3.revolutions4.bits5.megabytes, gigabyte, terabyte6.density7.sectors8.1.44[Ex 3]A. 1.H 2.F 3.E 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.GB. 1.read/write heads 2.read/write heads3.magnetic tape4.index5.disk drivers6.format7.clone8.tracks[Ex 4]1.increment2.spins3.activate4.specification5.magnetize6.overwrite7.contaminated8.mechnism[Ex 5]1.T2.F3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.F 16.T 17.F 18.T 19.T 20.T Unit 6 [Ex 1]1.F2.T3.F4.T5.T6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.F 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.F[Ex 2]/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html patible2.hardcopy3.terminal,monitor4.inked ribbon5.line6.Thernal7.Monochrone8.liquid crystal display[Ex 3]A 1.G 2.B 3.I 4.F 5.D 6.H 7.C 8.E 9.J 10.AB 1.printers 2.hard copy 3.CRT 4.hardware5.pixel6.output7.software8.Line printers9.plotters10.graphics[Ex 4]1. are attached /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html patible3.flexible4.mechanism5.perform6.rotate7.transfer8.video[Ex 5]1.T2.T3.T4.T5.T6.F7.T8.F9.F 10.T 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.T 16.T 17.F 18.TUnit 7[Ex 1]1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.F 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.T 16.F 17.T 18.T 19.F 20.F [Ex 2] 1.printers, plotters2.graphics3.pins4.pages per minute5.dots per inch6.lines per minute7.non-impact 8.carbon[Ex 3]A. 1.D 2.F 3.B 4.A 5.G .6.E 7.C 8.HB. 1.print wheel 2.Microcomputers 3.ink-jetprinter /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html work 5.noise 6.output device 7.desktop publishing 8.dot-matrix printers[Ex 4]1.installation2.categorized3.image4.ribbon5.monochrome6.physical7.referred to8.dot [Ex 5]1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6.T7.F 8.T9.T 10.F 11.F 12.T 13.T 14.T 15.FUnit 8[Ex 1]1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.F 16.T [Ex 2]1.inputting2.dumb, smart, intelligent3.dumb4.smart5.intelligent6.point-of-sale, automated teller machine7.POS 8.terminals 9.portable 10.moderms 11.transmitted /doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html municate [Ex 3]A. 1.G 2.E 3.A 4.F 5.C 6.B 7.H 8.DB. 1display screen 2.programming3.telecommunications4.function keys5.retrive6.minicomputers7.moderm 8.automated/automatic [Ex 4]1.intelligent2.verify3.Programmable4.specialized5.identify6.built-in7.high-volume8.are transmitted[Ex 5]1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.T 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.T Unit 9[Ex 1]1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.F 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.F 15.T 16.T 17.T 18.F[Ex 2]1.channels2.electrical pulses or charges, electromagnetic waves, pulses of light3.telephone lines, coaxial cables, microwave systems, satellites systems, fiber optic cables4.telephone lines/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html works6.atmosphere7.microwave tower8.gigahertz9.digital 10.light[Ex 3]A. 1.B 2.D 3.F 4.G 5.A 6.C 7.E 8.HB. 1.noise 2.trnasmission 3.Fiber optics4.Microwave5.synchronous6.optical media7.Coaxial cable8.digits[Ex 4]/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html municate2.revolves3.detect4.encrypted5.nonconductive6.optical media7.susceptible8.relayed 9.antenna 10.pulses[Ex 5]1.F2.T3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.T 14.T 15.F 16.T 17.T 19.F 20.T 21.F 22.TUnit 10[Ex 1]1.F2.F .3.F4.T5.T6.F7.T8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.T 16.F [Ex 2]1.three-dimensional2.joystick3.transmitter4.frames5.virtual[Ex 3]A. 1.C 2.G 3.D 4.H 5.B 6.F 7.A 8.EB. 1.sensors 2.virtual reality 3.software package 4.host computer 5.joystick6.mouse7.input 8.transmitter[Ex 4]1.Conveying2.responds3.incorporate4.signals5.performance6.mounted7.cumbersome8.insert[Ex 5]1.T2.f3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.T9.F 10.T 11.T 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.T 16.F 17.F 18.F 19.T 20.F 21.F 22.F 23.T 24.T 25.T Unit 11[Ex 1]1.F2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.T [Ex 2]1.caller2.audio boards3.directory4.clicking5.IRC[Ex 3]A. 1.F 2.A 3.G 4.B 5.H 6.C 7.I 8.D 9.J 10.EB. 1.update 2.hard disks 3.Audio boards4.directory5.menu6.ports7.download8.online9.icon 10.bug[Ex 4]1.fixes2.register3.specify4.created5.remove6.installed7.execute8.to load [Ex 5]1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F6.T7.T8.F9.T 10.F 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.TUnit 12[Ex 1]1.F2.T .3.T4.T .5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.T [Ex 2]/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pressed 2.specify3.screen4.wide5.attributes6.optional7.directory8.subdirectories9.lowercase 10.wildcards 11.prompt 12.target[Ex 3]A. 1.H 2.D 3.G 4.C 5.F 6.B 7.E 8.AB. 1.execute 2.prompt 3.file 4.format5.backup file/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pressed 7.parameter8.lowercase[Ex 4]1.is displayed2.archive3.attribute4.default5.subdirectory6.extension7.abbreviated8.lowercase[Ex 5]1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.F 8.T 9.T 10.TUnit 13[Ex 1]1.T2.F .3.F4.T5.T6.T7.T8.F9.T 10.F 11.T 12.F 13.T 14.T 15.T 16.F 17.T 18.F 19.T 20.T [Ex 2]1.executable2.configure3.variables4.download5.double click6.performance7.explorer8.customize 9.log 10.feature[Ex 3]A. 1.A 2.F 3.B 4.G 5.C 6.D 7.E 8.HB. 1.utility program 2.documentation3.spreadsheet/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html piled 5.virus scanner 6.configuraiotn7.features 8.Viruses[Ex 4]1.infect, being detected2.customized3.folders4.optimizes5.highlighted6.reveal7.prompt8.license[Ex 5]1.T2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T8.F9.F 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.T 14.F 15.F 16.F 17.T 18.T 19.F 20.T Unit 14 [Ex 1]1.T2.F .3.T4.F5.F6.F7.T8.F9.T 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.T 16.T 17.T 18.T[Ex 2]1.duplicate2.destination3.entries/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pound, single-entry5.overwrite6.array7.one-dimensional8.two-dimensional 9.arrays, table/.DBF [Ex 3]A. 1.E 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.AB. 1.record 2.backup 3.field 4.tables 5.array [Ex 4]1.duplicate2.specific3.source, destination4.current5.path6.assign7.original8.dialog [Ex 5]1.F2.F3.T4.F5.F6.F7.F8.F9.F 10.F 12.F[Ex 1]1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.T7.T8.T9.F 10.F 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T [Ex 2]1.browse2.sub-directory3.copyrighted4. custom-written5.unzip6.atrribute7.automatically8.decompressed[Ex 3]A. 1.F 2.G 3.H 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.EB. 1.profile 2.batch program/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html work-aware program4.copyright5.browse6.platform7.kit8.zip[Ex 4]1.format/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html unch3.Custom/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pressed5.unzip6.licensed7.test-run8.page mode [Ex 5]1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.F7.T8.F9.F 10.T 11.T 12.T 13.F 14.T 15.F 16.T 17.F 18.F 19.F 20.T 21.F 22.F [Ex 1]1.T2.T3.T4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T 10.F 11.T 12.F[Ex 3]1.entitled2.impractical3.paper4.major5.conveying6.eminet7.suffice8.programming language/doc/1550f601a6c30c2259019e48.html pilers 10.to lament11.coincide 12.successive[Ex 4]1.stumbled across2.were appalled at3.making4.was leveled5.analogous6.in futility7.confusion 8.is focused on [Ex 5]1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.F7.T8.T9.F 10.T 11.F 12.T 13.F 14.T。
《计算机专业英语》习题参考答案
《计算机专业英语》习题参考答案Lesson 1I.1. Operating System2. Fetch-evaluate-execute3. Front-side bus4. Dual-core processor5. Basic Input/Output System(BIOS)II.1. 指令是特定各式的二进制数列，它们对于每台机器都是唯一的。
2. CPU是中央处理单元的简称，每个字母分开发音。
3. 大多数计算在中央处理器中进行。
4. 双核是指一个处理器上有两个完整运算内核的CPU。
5. 处理器：是微处理器或CPU的缩写。
6. 集成电路：即芯片，是由半导体材料制成的一种电子设备。
III.1. F2. T3. TIV.1.ALU, CU, Register2.memory3.processor4.the CPULesson 2I.1.Static Random Access Memory(SRAM)2.Dynamic Random Access Memory(DRAM)3.Virtual Memory4.Physical Memory5.Level 1 Cache6.Level 2 Cache7.HDD access speedII.1.动态随机存储器之所以称为“动态”是因为它每秒钟被刷新数千次。
2.RAM：是计算机中存储操作系统、应用程序和当前正是用数据的地方。
3.ROM由计算机中一小块长寿命电池供电。
4.RAM缓存是由高速静态随机存储器构成的存储器。
III.1. F2. F3. F4. TIV.1. non-volatile2. compiler3. volatile4. DRAMLesson 3I.1. Motherboard2. PC Case3. Hard Disk Drive(HDD)4. Optical mouse5. RAM6. Mobile DiskII.1.PC是有很多组件构成的一个系统。
计算机专业英语题目
比较题1.SRAM and DRAM*RAM is short for random access memory.@Static RAM(SRAM) keeps data in the main memory,without frequent refreshing,for as long as power is supplied to the cicuit. SRAM is very fast but it is much more expensive than DRAM and takes more space than DRAM. Dynamic RAM(DRAM) is the most often used RAM in today's computer.DRAM can hold its data if it is refreshed by special logic called the refresh circuit.It is much cheaper and take much less space than DRAM.2.System software and Application software*What is software?Collection of programs is called software .*What is computer softwar?It is defined as the instructions and associated data , stored in electronic format , that direct the computer to accomplish task.*what is the shareware ?Shareware is copyrighted software marketed under a “try before you buy” policy.@Systemsoftware is the stuff that make your computer work.The application software is generally the computer programs which are used for the purpose of performing special tasks using a computer,it trains the PC‟s brain for higher cognitive functions rather than just keeping the PC alive and connected to the other.*Examples about Application Software:(1)Accounting software(2)Collaboratire software(3)Compilers and Interpreters(4)Computers Games(5)Database(6)Educational software(7)E-mailN and W ANLAN:A LAN is a high-speed data network that covers a relatively small geographic area .It typically connects workstations, personal computer, printers, servers, and other devices.W AN:A W AN connect multiple geopgraphically nearby LANs to one another over great geographic distances. The speed available on a W AN waries depending on the cost of the connections and may be low. W ANs opeate using routers , which can “choose ” the most appropriate path for data to take to reacha network node.4.What's the difference between Software Engneering & System Engneering ?@System Engineernig is concerned with all aspects of computer based systems developmentincluding hardware ,software and process engineering.Software Engineering is part of this more general process.5.CRT & LCD@CRT: Calhoole ray lube displays had a standarditool form factor owing to the required shape of heavriy vacuum tubeLCD;Liquid cryslal Displays have a new seirse of style.Free from the bulky shap of CRT,today's flat panel vendors are letting their imaginations run free with monitors that are colourd and shaped to match a design concept.*Advantage of LCD monitor①LCD monitor consume less power②Do not produce electromagnetic radiation as CTRs do③Are right and slim in size④Do not flickers like CRT’s⑤Full viewable size6.Synchronous & Asynchronous@S:you need two separated cables with every clock pulse one data bit is transfermed.A:transmission clock and data are tranfermed with only one cable.7.RISC & CISC@CISC:Complex Instruction Set ComputerIt is microprocessor designIt is used to transulations are complex to machine understand;It is need large memory area;It is very slow in processRISC:Reduced Instruction Set ComputerIt is advanced microprocessor designIt is reduced the complex Set of CISCIt is need minimem-storageIt is very fast to compare with CISC8.Switch & Router@9.Windows OS and Unix OS@Windows OS：Be easily understood.Unix OS:The UNIX OS was desiged to let a number of programmers access the computer at the same time and share its resources.10.Multitasking & Multiuser@Multitasking：Many computers do just one thing at a time ,as anyone who uses a PC laptop can attest. Try logging onto your company …s network while opening your browser and while opening a word processing program .Chances are the processor will freeze for a few seconds while it sorts out the multiple instructions. Multiuser:The same design which permits multitasking permits multiple users to use the computer .The computer can take the commands of a number of users –determined by the design of the computer – to run programs , access files , and print documents at the same time.11.Multitasking & Parallel processing@Multitasking:A single CPU excutes several programs at onceParallel processing:More than one CPU excutes a single program12.3GPL & 4GPL@3GPL：A 3GPL was no longer a need to work in symbolics.Instead,a pogrammer could use a programming language what resembled more to the natural languages.4GPL ：A fourth generation programming language is a programming language designed with a specific purpose in mind such as the development of commercial business software.Y ou can use to build an application without the third generation progamming language.13.Paraller processing and Compilier interpreter@14.switch RL and swich GPL@pare OSI with TCP/IPSimilarities :(1)both have layers(2)both have application layers(3)both have comparable transport and Network layers(4)packet ---switched technology is assumed(5)networking professional need to know both modelsdifferences :(1)TCP/IP combines presentation and session layer functions into its application layer.(2)TCP/IP combines the OSI data link and physical layers into one layer(3)TCP/IP simpler because it has few layers(4)OSI complex because it has multiple layers(5)TCP/IP have 4 layers , but OSI have 7 layerspilers and Interpreters@Compiler:A compiler is a computer program that translate a computer program written in one computer language into a program written in another computer language.Interpreter:An interpreter is a computer program that excutes other programs.简答题1.Field in AI①Games playing:programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers.②Expert system:programming computers to make decisions I real –life situations.③Natual language:programming computers to understand natural human language.④Neural networks:systems that simulate intelligence by attemping to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains.⑤Robotics:programming computers to see and hear and react to other sensory stimuli .2.Write sth about Quanty Computing？@It was proposed in 1970‟s.It is based on quantum physics,b y taking advantages of certain quantum physics properties of atom or nuclei that allow them to work together as quantum bits or qubits to be the computer processor and memory . 3.Nano technologyIt is a field of science atoms is meant to control individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousand of times smaller them current technologies permit.4.Explain Register & it's type?@Only register can be directly indexed for input or output of an instruction, as defined by the instruction set.Types:Data register: Used to stored integer numbersAddress register: Hold memory addresses and are used to access memory General purpose register: It store data and addressFloating point register: Used to stored floating point numbers.Constant register : It hold read only values zero or one.Vector register : It hold single instruction and multiple data(SIMD).Special purpose register: It stored internal CPU data like stack pointer or processor status wordsInstruction register: the instruction currently being executed by the processer is stored here.5.10 lines about Data W arehouse & Data marts?@Data warehouse:Data warehouses are computer based information systems that are home for "secondhand"data that originated from either another application or from an external system or source.W arehouse optimize database query and reporting tools because of their ability to analyze data.They are a way for managers and decision makers to extract information quickly and easily in order to answer questions about their business.Data marts:It are smaller than data warehouse and genera lly contain information from a single department of a business or organization.The current trend in data warehousing is to develop a data warehouse with sevral smaller related data mats for specific kinds of queries and reports.6.Multimedia@Multimedia as the name suggests is an integration of various medium of communication which include text,graphics,animation,audio,still omages and motion video in a way that provides the user with a high level of control and interaction.Multimedia can be defined as any contains three or more of the following elements:text,still images,animation,sound,video and/or hypertext navigation.7.TCP/IP@TCP and IP were developed by Department of Defence of USA research project to connect a number of different networks designed by different vendors into a network of networks.It delivered a few basic services that everyone needs like file transfer,electronic mail,remote logon across a very large number of client and sever systems.TCP/IP is composed of layers:IP-is reponsible for moving packet of data from node to node.TCP-is responsible for verifying the correct delivery of data from client to server. Sockets-is a name given to the package of sunroutines that provide access to TCP/IP on most systems.8.What's bus and it's type?A bus is an important subsystem in computer architecture which transfers data or power between computer components inside a computer or butween computers.There are two types of bus:parallel bus and serial bus.Something about I/O Bus？9.Something about I/O System instructions?@There are four I/O buses in the modern PC architecture and each of them has several functions.They may lead to internal and external ports or they lead to other controlling buses,The four buses are:ISAPCI-which is the newer high speed multifunction I/O bus.AGP-which is only used for graphices adapter.USB-which is the new low speed I/O bus to replaces ISA.11.What's Internet?@Internet is consists of computers and router they obey the rules which is definited in the network. It allows users to communicate with their friends,to send message to the internet to shall the message.12.Basic Principles of 4GL includes?@(1)The Principle of Minimum W ork(2)The Principle of MInimum Skill(3)The Principle of avoiding alien syntax and mnemonics(4)The Principle of Minimum Time(5)The Principle of Minimum errors(6)The Principle of Minimum Maintenance(7)The Principle of Minimum Results13.Something about SQL?@SQL is short for`Structured Query Languages,which comprises one of the fundamental building blocks of modern database architecture.SQL defines the methods used to create and manipulate relational database on all major platforms.14.Parallel Bus and Serial Bus?Parallel Bus,which carries data words across multiple wires.Serial Bus,which carries data in bit-serial form.15.Features of Unix?@(1)Multitasking capability(2)Multiuser capability(3)Portability(4)UNIX programs(5)Library of applications software16.Something about 5th Generation Computers?@Fifth generation computing devices are based on artificial intelligence.AI includes the following fields:(1)games playing(2)expert systems:programming computers to make decisions in real-life situations(3)natural language:programming computers to understand natural human languages(4)neural netwoks(5)robotics17.What is an Internetwok?@An internetwork is a collection of individual networks,connected by intermediate networking devices.that functions as a single large network.Internetworking refers to the industy,products,and procedures that meet the challenge of creating and administering internetworks.18.ISO and OSI@ISO stands for International Standardization Organization and OSI System Interconnect Reference Model.The ISO/OSI is one of the most important systems architectures for talking about commucations.ISO/OSI is divided into seven layers,the pupose of each layer is to offer certain services to the higher layers.(画7层图)7 layers:(1)physical layer --- transmitting individual bits from one node to the next(2)data link layer --- data representation(3)network layer --- end to end communication(4)transport layer --- provide services from internet layer to application layer(5)session layer --- communication between hosts(6)presentation(7)application layer --- provide some applicationwork : interconnection between 2 or more computerpurpose of network :(1)sharing the file and applications(2)sharing hardware deviceskinds of network :(1)UK JANET (Joint Academic Network)(2)Europe EARN (European Academic Research Network)(3)USA ARPA net (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network )Application of network:(1)resource sharinghardware (computer resource , disks , prints )software (application software )(2)information sharingeasy accessibility from anywheresearch capability(3)communicationEmail , Message broadcast.Types of network :(1)LAN (Local Area Network) network in small geographical area(2)MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) network in a city(3)W AN (Wide Area Network) spread geographical20.URLS@URL stands for uniform resource locatorA URL is the address of document on the computer简写：(1) IC --- Integrated Circuit(2) PC --- Personal Computer(3) CPU ---Central Processing Unit(4) VDU --- Visual Display Unit(5) PCI --- Peripheral Component Interconnect(6) USB ---Universal Serial Bus(7) GUI --- Graphical User Interface(8) OSI --- Open System Interconnection(9) ISO --- International Standard Organization(10) HTTP --- Hypertext Markup Language(11) TCP --- Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol(12) DNS --- Domain Name System(13) FTP --- File Transfer Protocol(14) UDP --- User Datagram Protocol(15) ARP --- Address Resolution Protoco。
计算机专业英语（课后题）
计算机专业英语（课后题）第四章课后习题Circle the correct answer:1.These specialized graphics programs combine text and graphics to create publications of professional quality:A.desktop publishing programs c.image galleriesB.image editors d.illustration programs2.Also known as drawing programs.a.desktop publishing programs c.image galleriesb.image editors d.illustrarion programs3.Graphics programs used to ctreate and edit vector images.a.desktop publishing programs c.image galleriesb.image editors d.illustrarion programs4.An essential multimedia feature that allowa user participationa.Flash c.immersionb.interactivity d.raster5.Special programs used to create multimedia presentations.a.desktop publishing programs c.immersionb.interactivity d.multimedia authoring programs6.A widly used interactive animation application from Adobe.a.ACTION c.Fuzzyb.Flash d.WYSIWYG7.Programs for Web site design and HTML coding are called Web page editors ora.apps c.VR programsb.HTML editors d.Web editors8.This area of artificial intelligence is also known as expert systems.a.acoustics c.roboticsb.knowledge-bassed systems. D.virtual reality9.A type of artificial intelligence that uses a database to provide assistance to users.a.acoustics c.roboticsb.expert systems d.virtual reality10.Another name for the database used in expert sysrems that contains specific facts and rules.a.access table c.knowledge baseb.expert table d.rule baseMatch each numbered item with the most closely related lettered item.Write your answers in the spaces provided.a.audio editing e 1.Specialized graphics programs for editing or modifying digital imagesb.bitmap images b 2.Another name for raster images.c.blog g 3.Raster images contain thousands of dots known as .d.button a 4.Type of software used to create and edit audio clips.e.image editors d 5.A link on amultimedia page used to locate and discover information.f.mobile c 6.Personal Web site created by an individualg.pixels j 7.The process of creating a Web site.h.virtual reality h 8.Also known as artificial reality or virtual environments.I.robots i /doc/ed1120702.html,puter-controlled machines that mimichuman activitiesj.Web authoring f 10.The type of app designed for smartphones,netbooks,and tablets.Circle the correct answer:1.What type of software works with users,applicationsoftware,and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details?a.application c.Linuxb.desktop d.system2.The programs that convert programming instructions written by programmers into a language that computers understand and process are language:a.converters c.managersb.linguists d.translators3.The ability to switch between different applications stored in memory is called :a.diversion c.operational interferenceb.multitasking d.programming4.Graphic representations for a program,type of file,or function:a.app c.imageb.icon d.software5.This operating system feature is controlled by a mouse and changes shape depending on its current functiona.dialog box c.mouseb.menu d.pointer6.The operating system based on Linux,designed for Netbook computers,and focused on Inernet connectivity through cloud computing:a.Chrome c. UNIXb.Mac d.Windows7.The mobile operating system develop by Apple and originally called iPhone OS :a.Android c.IOSb.BlackBerry OS d.Mac OS8.A utility program that makes copies of files to be used in case the originals are lost or damaged:a.Backup and Restore c.Disk Defragmenterb.Disk Cleanup /doc/ed1120702.html,pactor9.A troubleshooting utility that identifiles and eliminates nonessential files,frees up valuable disk space ,and improves system performance:a.Backup and Restore c.Disk Defragmenterb.Disk Cleanup /doc/ed1120702.html,pactor10.Windows makes it easy to update drivers with Windows:a.Backup c.Driverb.Restore d. UpdateMatch each numbered item with the most closely related lettered item. Write your answers in the spaces provided.a.antivirus h 1.Programs that perform specific tasks related to managing computer resourcesb.Boot Camp j 2.Restarting a running computer without turning off the powerc.driver e 3.Type of operating system that controls and coordinates networked computers.d.fragmented f 4.An operating system is often referred to as the software environment ore.NOS b 5.Allows Macintosh computers toren both Mac OS and the Windows operating system.f.platform i 6.A type of software that allows a single physical computer to operate as though it were two or more separate and independent computers.g.Anddroid g 7.Mobile operating system that is owned byGoogle and is one of the fastest-growing mobile operating systems.h.utilities a 8.Type of program that guards computer systems fromviruses and other damaging programs.I. virtualization d 9.If a file cannot be saved on a single track ,it has to bej.warm boot c 10.Program that works with the operating system to allow communication between a device and the rest of a computer system is called a device第六章选择题1. this container houses most of the electrical components for a computer system.a. carrier package c. system unitb. system board d. TV tuner2. similar to notebooks, this system unit specializes in on-the-go Web browsing and e-mail access.a. chassis c. media centerb. desktop d. netbook3. computers can only recognize this type of electronic signal.a. analog c. digitalb. bus d. maximum4. the main or motherboard is also known as the:a. computer c. mobile systemb. board processor d. system board5. how many bytes can a 32-bit-wrd computer access at a time?a. 1 c. 8b. 4 d. 166. in a microcomputer system , the central processing unit iscontained on a single:a. bus c. moduleb. chip d. RAM7. this type of memory divides large programs into parts and stores the parts on a secondary storage device.a. direct c. random-accessb. expanded d. virtual8. also known as NIC, this adapter card is used to connect a computer to a :a. AIA c. graphicsb. expansion d. network9. this provides a pathway to connect parts of the CPU to each other:a. bus c. wiredb. Plug and Play d. wireless10. older ports that have largely been replaced by faster, more flexible ports are called:a. buses c. legacyb. expandable d. rednered匹配题1. The category of system units that blurs the line between desktop computers and dedicated entertainment devices. Media center2. The newer type of tablet PC that is almost all monitor. slate3. System board component that provides a connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards. slots4. Plastic cards the size of a regular credit card that have an embedded specialty chip. Smart cards5. A type of memory that improves processing by acting as a temporary high-speed holding area between the memory andthe CPU. cache6. A type of memory that provides a combination of features of RAM and ROM. Flash7. A generic term that is associated with the ability to attach any device onto a computer and have it play or work immediately. Plug and Play8. This bus connects the CPU to memory on the system board. system9. This port can be used to connect many USB devices to the system. USB10. This unit plugs into s standard wall outlet and converts AC to DC. Power supply第七章选择题1. Most keyboards use an arrangement of keys known as:a. Alpha c. OptiKeyb. Daisy d. QWERTY2. The device that controls a pointer displayed on the monitor.a. cord c. printerb. mouse d. scanner3. Also known as a roller ball, this device controls the pointer by rotating a ball with your thumb.a. trackball c. cordless mouseb. joystick d. stylus4. The type of screen that can be touched with more than one finger and supports zooming in and out by pinching and stretching your fingers.a. digital c. multitouchb. dynamic d. OLED5. Flatbed and document are types of:a. headsets c. monitorsb. HDTVs d. scanners6. Device used by banks to automatically read those unusual numbers on the bottom of checks and deposit slips.a. MICR c. OMRb. FDIC d. UPC7. The most widely used audio-input device.a. mouse c. microphoneb. VR d. TFT8. The monitor feature that specifies how often a displayed image is updated.a. aspect ratio c. refresh rateb. dot pitch d. resolution rate9. Handheld, book-sized devices that display text and graphicsa. e-book-readers c. lasersb. HDTV d. whiteboards10. This technology allows television stations to broadcast their programming directly to smartphones, computers, and digital media players.a. CRT c. LEDb. HDTV d. Mobile DTV匹配题1. Pressing this key turns this feature on or off. Caps lock2. This type of mouse has a ball on the bottom and is attached with a cord to the system unit. Mechanical3. A penlike device commonly use with tablet PCs and PDAs. stylus4. Bar code readers use either handheld wand readers orplatform. scanners5. Bar code system used by many electronic cash registers. UPC6. Records images digitally on a disk or in its memory. Digital camera7. The distance between each pixel. Dot pitch8. A type of monitor that activates each pixel independently. Active-matrix9. Special-purpose printers for creating maps, images, and architectural and engineering drawings. plotters10. A type of Internet telephone service that requires a small adapter that connects directly to your computer’s USB port. MagicJack。
计算机专业英语习题+答案
习题+答案2.1Write T or F to each statementT6. An asynchronous device is a clocked device.T7. A latch is an asynchronous device, because it functions at arbitrary times.T8. The repetition of clock pulse can vary from very low rate to very high rate.T9. A synchronous device changes its state only on the arrival of a clock pulse.F10. A clock input may occur at any time.T11. The clock pulses are used to synchronize all operations of the shift register.T13. A unidirectional shift register is capable of shifting in one direction only.F14. In a shift-left register the serial input determines what goes into the leftmost position during the shift register.F15. To provide parallel transfer capability some additional input and output lines should be provided to the shift register.Choose the best answer for each of the following1. How can the output of a logic gate be energized?CA By changing its inputs.B By remaining its inputs unchanged.C By meeting the specific input condition.D By giving a pulse.3. A NAND gate consists of D .A an OR gate followed by an inverterB an AND gate followed by an inverterC an AND gate followed by an OR gateD an inverter followed by an AND gate4. Under what condition is the output of a two-input XOR gate logic-high?BA Its inputs are simultaneously at the same logic level.B Its inputs are simultaneously at opposite logic levels.C Its inputs are logic-low.D its inputs are simultaneously logic-high.2.2Write T or F for each statementT 1. The CPU uses the input and output units to communicate with the outside world.F2. Main memory is sometimes called external memory.F3. After execution the program and the related files of data and files of information will be retained in the main memory for later use.F4. Personal computers have not the features of the larger system..T5. Large systems offer higher processing speeds for user and return more data than PCs. F6. CPUs all size have primary storage, arithmetic logic, and the control section.F7. The output device is the heart of any computer system.T8. The input/output devices and auxiliary storage units of a computer system are called peripherals.F9. The instrument of interpretation and communication between humans and computers system of all sizes is CPU.F10 Special purpose computers can adapted to many situation by giving them an appropriate program.F11 .A minicomputer is the smallest and least expensive type of computer.T12. A special purpose computer performs only one specific task and thus lacks versatility. T13. The larger the system the greater is its processing speed, storage capacity.T14. Mainframe computers are designed to process complex scientific application.T 9. The main memory in a general-purpose computer is made up of RAM integratedcircuit chip.\F 10. When the power is turned on, the program counter is set the first address of thebootstrap loader by the software of the computer.T 11. The read-write heads contact the surface of the floppy disks.T 12. The data on a particular track will be switched automatically onto a spare track by the computer before a catastrophic failure would occur.F 14. The read write heads stay on the same track continuously when the disk drive isWorkingF 16. The possible symbols in the binary numbering system are q to 9.F 17. The decimal value of 16 is represented in 4 bits BCD as 00010101.F 18. Alphanumeric versions of BCD commonly use 6,7or 8 bits to represent characters.F 19. A 6 bit alphanumeric code can represent 128 different characters.F 22. Eight bit codes are limited to representing 128 different characters.T23. An extra check (or parity ) bit is often added to each 6, 7, or 8 bit character represented in storage so that it will be possible to detect coding errors that may occur.T24. If a computer uses an odd parity format to detect errors in character codes, thenevery valid character code will always have an odd number of 1 bits.T25. Processor comes with a unique set of operations called an instruction set.F 26. In an instruction, operands specify the function to be performed.T 27. A processor's job is to retrieve instruction from memory and perform step bystep operations,3.3 True or FalseF1 All operating systems on various computers take the same size.F 2 All operating systems were written in a low level language.T3 The user can't use the computers at all if there is no operating system on the computers.F4 The operating system exists in the lowest layer of a computer.T5 The system calls are provided by the operating system.T 6 A computer's operational software defines the schedule of jobs awaiting execution.F7 Though an operating system can schedule the execution of jobs, it does not manage the availability of I/O devices.T 8 The IOCS component of an operating system controls I/O operations.T9 It is a major problem for the operating system to map the logical file concept onto physical storage devices such as magnetic tape or disk.F10 Files can only be direct access on a disk system.T 11 The logic structure and nomenclature of the different operating systems vary considerable.F12 The form of the system prompt is the same for every kind of operating system 13 You must boot the system, before you use a microcomputer.T14 Spooling is an approach to improving system performance by over aping the input of one job with the output of other jobs.T15 Multiprogramming allows time sharing.T1 6 When they first appeared, the microcomputers were provided with the operating system developed for computers.T17 By using the graphical user interface, what the users need to do is to "point and click" in order to accomplish their tasks.T18 The interface introduced by Windows is the object-oriented user interface.T 19.TMicrosoft failed in betting their future on Windows.Multiple Choice1 A computer's operating system is:Da resource managementb error recoveryc memory managementd all the above2 Which is the generalization of a two-level directory?Da cycle graph directory structureb a tree-structuredc batch systemd all the above3 Which system may have no time constrains?Ca real-time systemb time-share systemc batch systemd all the above4 The more popular micro operating system is:Da MS-DOSb CP/Mc UNIXd all the above5 What languages can be used to develop the operating systems ?Ca A machine language,b An assembly language.c A high level language,d all of the above.6 How does the operating system manage the resources of the computer?a It turns on or off the resources of the computer.b It makes them work together towards some common goals, or objectives.c It controls the way in which these resources are put to work.d It acts directly on the raw hardware.7 The function of an operating system is Da to drive the the raw hardware of the computerb to drive the resources of the computer in accordance with certain objectivesc to provide the higher layers of software with a simplified computerd all of the above11 The graphical user interface provides the users withA a simpler way to interact with their computersB a series of typed commandsC an intuitive sit of graphical icons that allowed the completion of common tasksD an intuitive set of graphical incons for users to "point and click" in order toaccomplish their tasks, so that they didn't have to remember arcane words andcommands anymore12 Windows resemble the Macintosh inA providing a GUI which is introduced by MacintoshB providing a limited means of multitaskingC providing a Windows interface just like the GUID allowing users to load multiple programs and have them run in thebackground while doing other work in a window in the foreground3.4 True or FalseF1 Flowcharting is used primarily for program design and rarely for systems design.T2 When programming in a procedure-oriented language, you should tell the computer'‘what to do' and 'how to do it'.T3 Assembler-level languages use mnemonics to represent instructions.T4 Machine language instructions are composed of a label, an opcode, and an operand.F5 Machine languages must be converted by a compiler to be used by the computer.F6 High-level languages require that programmers work with individual main storage locations.. 5T7 A compiler is translating program that converts high-level languages into machine language.T9 A flowchart loop indicates the repetitive performance of steeps to process data.T10 None of the computers consists of hardware only.F11 Programs written in high-level language can be executed by the computers without the help of a translator program~T13 Each symbolic instruction has one-to-one correspondence with the machine instruction.T14 Writing a program in a high-level language need not take account of the hardwareof the computer.T 15 The opode of an assembly language instruction specifies the operation that is to beperformed by the microprocessor.T 17 The mnemonic for the instruction is the symbolic representation of the actual binary code that the computer directly executes.T 18 A label is on the left of the assembly language statement.T 21 To enable the computer to solve an application problem programmers have to write programs in order to translate the application concepts into computerconcepts.T 22 A class is defined by grouping a user-defined type with all procedures and function that can be applied to it.T 23 The artificial intelligence research community did not agree with the concepts of object-oriented programming when in its early days.F24 Object-oriented programming languages are absolutely different from the LISP programming language.T 25 A program may produce incorrect output even if it runs OK.T 26 An error will occur if a program wants to use a deleted file.F 27 All the errors can be avoided.T 28 A warning will not terminate the program.T 29 Although we could not avoid all the runtime errors, we must take appropriate action when it happens.Match the following terms to the appropriate definition1 program2 programmer3 machine language4 assembler5 source6 object7 interpreter8 compilerA A computer program that translates an instruction into machine language, execute it, and then repeats the process for each instruction in a program until the program is finished.7B The set of statements that make up a computer program.5C A computer program that reads a high-level language instruction.8D A computer-specific set of primitive or elementary instructions that allows people to communicate with a particular computer.3E A set of instruction that tells a computer what to do.1F A program that translates an assembly-level language into machine language4.G Output from a compiler or assembler that is linked with other code to produce executable machine language code.6H A person who creates computer program.23.5True or falseT1 The program specifications are written by the software engineers.F2 Coding a program will consume most of programmer's time and effort.T 3 Programmers should use flowchart and other visual aids when they are designing routines.F4 The goal of the test phase of program development is to "prove" that a particular program has been completely debugged.T 5 More programmers maintain programs rather than code programs.T 6 A structured program is made up of several modules.T 7 "Branching" capability is one the most intriguing properties of a digital computer.。
计算机专业基础英语1
精品PPT
3.New weapons were made for which trajectory tables and other essential data were needed.
精品PPT
5.With the development of science and
technology, the modern computer becomes more and more flexible, and the hardware family becomes stronger and stronger.
精品PPT
1.These peripherals can be classified into two groups—input devices and output devices.
精品PPT
2.Input devices , as the name suggests, are any hardware components that allow you to put the data, programs and commands into the computer.
计算机专业基础(jīchǔ)英语
Basic English for Computer Professional
精品PPT
1.electronic adj. 电子的,电子学的 2.trajectory table 弹道表 3.numerical adj. 数字(shùzì)的,数值的 4.integrator n. 积分器 5.calculator n. 计数器
计算机专业英语考试试题及答案
计算机专业英语考试试题及答案一、选择题1. Which of the following is NOT a programming language?A. JavaB. PythonC. HTMLD. CSS2. What does the acronym "SQL" stand for?A. Structured Query LanguageB. Simple Query LanguageC. Script Query LanguageD. Secure Query Language3. Which protocol is commonly used for sending and receiving emails?A. FTPB. HTTPC. SMTPD. TCP4. What does the term "CPU" refer to?A. Central Processing UnitB. Computer Processing UnitC. Central Program UnitD. Computer Program Unit5. Which of the following is NOT a type of network topology?A. StarB. RingC. MeshD. Scroll二、填空题1. HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, which is used for ____________.2. The process of converting source code into machine code is called ____________.3. IP address stands for ____________.4. The act of copying files from a remote server to a local computer is known as ____________.5. The programming language developed by Apple Inc. for iOS and macOS is ____________.三、简答题1. What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter? Provide examples of programming languages that use each of these methods.2. Explain the concept of object-oriented programming (OOP) and provide an example of a programming language that utilizes this paradigm.3. Describe the client-server model and provide an example of a commonly used protocol within this model.四、论述题Discuss the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on various industries. Provide examples of how AI is being used in fields such as healthcare, finance, and transportation. Analyze the potential benefits and challenges of implementing AI in these industries.答案：一、选择题1. C. HTML2. A. Structured Query Language3. C. SMTP4. A. Central Processing Unit5. D. Scroll二、填空题1. creating and structuring the content of a webpage2. compilation3. Internet Protocol4. downloading5. Swift三、简答题1. A compiler translates the entire source code into machine code before the program is executed. Examples of languages that use compilers are C, C++, and Java. On the other hand, an interpreter translates and executes the source code line by line. Python and Ruby are examples of languages that use interpreters.2. Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that organizes data and functions into reusable objects. It focuses on the concept of classes and objects, allowing for code reuse and encapsulation. An example of a programming language that uses OOP is Java, where objects are instances of classes and can interact with each other through methods and attributes.3. The client-server model is a distributed computing architecture wherea server provides services or resources to multiple clients. The clients request and receive these resources through the network. An example of a commonly used protocol within this model is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is used for communication between web browsers (clients) and web servers.四、论述题Artificial intelligence (AI) has had a significant impact on various industries. In healthcare, AI is being used for diagnoses and treatments, analyzing medical images, and personalized medicine. For example, AI-powered algorithms can help detect diseases like cancer at an early stage, leading to better treatment outcomes. In finance, AI is utilized for fraud detection, algorithmic trading, and customer service. AI algorithms can analyze large amounts of financial data to identify patterns and make accurate predictions. In transportation, AI is being employed for autonomous vehicles, traffic management, and logistics optimization. Self-driving cars, for instance, use AI algorithms to navigate and make decisions on the road.The implementation of AI in these industries brings about many benefits, such as increased efficiency, improved accuracy, and cost savings. AI systems can process and analyze vast amounts of data much faster than humans, leading to faster and more accurate results. However, there are also challenges to consider. Privacy and security concerns arise as AI systems handle sensitive information. There is also the worry of job displacement, as AI automation may replace certain human tasks. Additionally, ethical considerations need to be addressed, such as bias in algorithms and the potential for AI to be used for malicious purposes.Overall, the impact of AI on various industries is undeniable. It has the potential to revolutionize healthcare, finance, transportation, and many other sectors. However, careful implementation and regulation are necessary to ensure its responsible and beneficial use.。
计算机专业英语 考试
一、选择题1.What is the process of converting a high-level programming language into machine languagecalled?A.Debuggingpilation（正确答案）C.ExecutionD.Interpretation2.Which of the following is a programming paradigm that organizes software design around data,and the operations performed on that data?A.Object-oriented programming（正确答案）B.Procedural programmingC.Functional programmingD.Event-driven programming3.In computer networks, what does the term "protocol" refer to?A. A set of rules governing the exchange of information between devices（正确答案）B.The physical connection between devicesC.The speed of data transmissionD.The type of data being transmitted4.What is the term used to describe the process of dividing a complex problem into smaller, moremanageable parts?A.Modularization（正确答案）B.OptimizationC.EncapsulationD.Polymorphism5.In computer security, what is the term for unauthorized access to or modification of data?A.EncryptionB.DecryptionC.Hacking（正确答案）D.Firewall6.Which of the following is a type of software that allows two or more computers tocommunicate and share resources?A.Operating systemB.Database management systemwork operating system（正确答案）D.Word processing software7.What is the term used to describe the process of identifying and correcting errors in computerprograms?A.Debugging（正确答案）B.TestingC.Codingpilation8.In computer graphics, what is the term for the number of distinct pixels that can be displayedon a screen?A.Resolution（正确答案）B.Color depthC.Refresh rateD.Aspect ratio。
计算机英语考试题及答案
计算机英语考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a type of computer hardware?A. CPUB. RAMC. SoftwareD. Hard Disk答案：C2. What does the acronym "USB" stand for?A. Universal Serial BusB. User System BusC. User Storage BusD. Universal Storage Bus答案：A3. What is the primary function of a router in a computer network?A. To store dataB. To process dataC. To connect multiple devicesD. To print documents答案：C4. Which of the following is a programming language?A. HTMLB. CSSC. JavaScriptD. All of the above答案：D5. What does "RAM" stand for in computer terminology?A. Random Access MethodB. Random Access MemoryC. Remote Access MemoryD. Rapid Access Memory答案：B6. What is the term for a collection of data stored on a computer?A. FileB. FolderC. DatabaseD. Memory答案：A7. Which of the following is a type of computer virus?A. WormB. TrojanC. Both A and BD. None of the above答案：C8. What is the purpose of a firewall in a computer system?A. To prevent unauthorized accessB. To speed up internet connectionsC. To store dataD. To print documents答案：A9. What does "GUI" stand for in the context of computer systems?A. Graphical User InterfaceB. General User InterfaceC. Global User InterfaceD. Graphical Universal Interface答案：A10. What is the term for a small computer program that performs a specific task?A. ApplicationB. SoftwareC. UtilityD. Script答案：D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The basic unit of data in a computer is called a____________.答案：bit2. A computer's operating system is an example of______________.答案：system software3. The process of converting data into a form that can be understood by a computer is called ______________.答案：encoding4. The term used to describe the speed of a computer's processor is ______________.答案：clock speed5. A computer network that spans a large geographical area is known as a ______________.答案：WAN (Wide Area Network)6. The process of recovering lost data is called______________.答案：data recovery7. A computer program that is designed to disrupt or damage a computer system is known as a ______________.答案：malware8. The primary storage medium for a computer's operating system and most frequently used programs is the______________.答案：hard drive9. The term used to describe the process of transferring data from one computer to another is ______________.答案：data transfer10. A computer that is part of a network and shares its resources with other computers is called a ______________.答案：server三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. What are the main components of a computer system?答案：The main components of a computer system include the central processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), storage devices (hard disk, solid-state drive, etc.), input devices (keyboard, mouse, etc.), output devices (monitor, printer, etc.), andthe operating system.2. Explain the difference between hardware and software in a computer system.答案：Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer, such as the CPU, memory, and storage devices. Software, on the other hand, comprises the programs and instructions that run on the hardware, including theoperating system, applications, and utilities.3. What is the role of a firewall in a computer network?答案：A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks,such as the Internet, to prevent unauthorized access and protect the internal network from potential threats.4. Describe the process of data encryption and its importance in computer security.答案：Data encryption is the process of converting readable data into an unreadable format, called ciphertext, using an algorithm and a key. This process ensures that only authorized parties with the correct key can access and decrypt the data. Encryption is crucial for protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access, ensuring data privacy and security in computer systems and networks.。
计算机英语试题及答案
计算机英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a programming language?A. JavaB. C++C. PythonD. Photoshop2. What does CPU stand for?A. Central Processing UnitB. Central Power UnitC. Central Printing UnitD. Central Programming Unit3. What is the full form of HTML?A. Hyper Text Markup LanguageB. Hyper Text Markup LanguageC. Hyper Text Markup LanguageD. Hyper Text Markup Language4. In computer networking, what does IP stand for?A. Internet ProtocolB. Internet ProgrammingC. Internet ProviderD. Internet Processor5. What is the primary function of a router?A. To print documentsB. To store dataC. To connect multiple networksD. To provide internet access6. Which of the following is a type of database management system?A. MS WordB. MS ExcelC. MS AccessD. MS PowerPoint7. What does the acronym RAM stand for?A. Random Access MemoryB. Rapid Access MemoryC. Remote Access MemoryD. Real Access Memory8. What is the term for a collection of data stored in a computer in a structured format?A. FileB. DocumentC. DatabaseD. Folder9. Which of the following is not a type of computer virus?A. TrojanB. WormC. AntivirusD. Ransomware10. What does the term "bandwidth" refer to in the context ofinternet usage?A. The width of the cableB. The speed of data transferC. The number of usersD. The quality of the connection二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The basic unit of data in computing is called a ________.2. A ________ is a type of software that is designed to prevent, detect, and remove malware.3. The process of converting data into a form that can be easily transmitted or stored is known as ________.4. A ________ is a hardware device that allows a computer to connect to a network.5. The term "cybersecurity" refers to the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from ________ and other types of cyber attacks.6. A ________ is a collection of related data and the way it is organized.7. The ________ is a type of computer memory that retains data even when the power is off.8. The process of finding and fixing errors in a program is known as ________.9. A ________ is a type of software that allows users to create and edit documents.10. The ________ is a set of rules that define how data is formatted, transmitted, and received.三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between a server and a client in a network.2. Describe the role of an operating system in a computer system.3. What are the key components of a computer system?四、论述题（每题30分，共30分）1. Discuss the importance of data backup and recovery in a computer system.答案：一、选择题1. D2. A3. A4. A5. C6. C7. A8. C9. C10. B二、填空题1. bit2. Antivirus3. Encoding4. Network Interface Card (NIC)5. unauthorized access6. Database7. Hard disk8. Debugging9. Word processor10. Protocol三、简答题1. In a network, a server is a computer system or device that provides resources or services to other computers, known as clients. The server manages network traffic, centralizes data storage, and provides access to shared resources, while the client is a computer that requests and uses these resourcesor services.2. An operating system is the software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between theuser and the computer hardware, allowing users to interactwith the computer without needing detailed knowledge of the hardware.3. The key components of a computer system include thecentral processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), storage devices (hard disk, SSD), input devices (keyboard, mouse), output devices (monitor, printer), and peripheral devices (scanner, webcam).四、论述题1. Data backup and recovery are critical in a computer system because they ensure that data is preserved in case ofhardware failure, data loss, or cyber attacks. Regularbackups allow for the restoration of data to a previous state, minimizing downtime and potential loss of information. This process is essential for maintaining business continuity and protecting against data loss.。
计算机专业英语测试题及答案
计算机专业英语测试题一、词汇测试题（每小题1分，共20分）(一)．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese (共10分，每题1分)1．Cyber cafe2．microcomputer3．ROM4．Object-oriented programming5．utility program6．system specification7．database administrator8．modulator-demodulator9．client/server model10．spreadsheet program(二)．Translate the following terms or phrases from Chinese into English (共10分，每题1分)1．中央处理器2．广域网3．超级计算机4．电子商务5．计算机安全6．计算机文化7．网站8．域名9．数据库管理系统10．软件工程二、完型填空题（每空1分，共20分）Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the list following each paragraph, making changes if necessary:1. Computer hardware is the involved in the of a computer and consists of the that can be physically handled. The function of these components is typically divided into three main categories: , , and . Components in these categories connect to , specifically, the computer’s central unit (CPU), the electronic that provides the computational ability and control of the computer, via wires or circuitry called bus.microprocessors component processing functionoutput equipment input circuitry storage2.In the relational model, data is organized in two-dimensionalcalled . There is no or structure imposed on the data. The tables or relations are, however, related to each other. The database management system (RDBMS) the data so that its external is a of relation or tables. This does not mean that data is stored as tables: the physical of the data is independent of the way in which the is logically organized.hierarchical set organize relational relationdata storage view network table三、英译汉题（每题10分，共20分）Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:1.The field of computer science has grown rapidly since the1950s due to the increase in their use. Computer programs have undergone many changes during this time in response to user need and advances in technology. Newer ideas in computing such as parallel computing, distributed computing, and artificial intelligence, have radically altered the traditional concepts that once determined program form and function. In parallelcomputing parts of a problem are worked on simultaneously by different processors, and this speed up the solution of the problem. Another type of parallel computing called distributed computing use CPUs from many interconnected computers to solve problems. Research into artificial intelligence (AI) has led to several other new styles of programming.2.High-level languages are commonly classified asprocedure-oriented, functional, objected-oriented, logic languages. The most common high-level languages today are procedure-oriented languages. In these languages, one or more related blocks of statements that perform some complete function are grouped together into a program module, or procedure, and given a name such as “procedure A”. If the same sequence of operations is needed elsewhere in the program, a simple statement can be used to refer back to the procedure. In essence, a procedure is just a mini-program. A large program can be constructed by grouping together procedures that perform different tasks.四、汉译英题（20分）最著名的互联网例子是因特网。
计算机专业英语试题及答案
计算机专业英语试题及答案1. 选择题1. Which of the following is not a programming language?a) Javab) HTMLc) Pythond) CSS答案: b) HTML2. Which protocol is used for sending and receiving email?a) HTTPSb) FTPc) SMTPd) DNS答案: c) SMTP3. What does the acronym CPU stand for?a) Central Processing Unitb) Computer Processing Unitc) Control Processing Unitd) Central Power Unit答案: a) Central Processing Unit4. Which programming language is commonly used for web development?a) C++b) Javac) JavaScriptd) Swift答案: c) JavaScript5. What does HTML stand for?a) Hyperlinks and Text Markup Languageb) Hyper Text Markup Languagec) Home Tool Markup Languaged) Hyper Text Modeling Language答案: b) Hyper Text Markup Language2. 填空题1. The process of converting high-level programming code into machine code is called ___________.答案: compilation2. HTTP stands for ___________ Transfer Protocol.答案: Hyper Text3. The process of testing software by executing it is called ___________.答案: debugging4. Java is an object-_____________ programming language.答案: oriented5. DNS stands for Domain Name ___________.答案: System3. 简答题1. What is the difference between TCP and UDP?答案: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented protocol, which means it establishes a connection between the sender and receiver before transferring data. It ensures that all packets are received in the correct order and provides error checking. UDP (User Datagram Protocol), on the other hand, is a connectionless protocol that does not establish a direct connection before transmitting data. It does not guarantee packet delivery or order but is faster and more efficient for time-sensitive applications.2. What is the purpose of an operating system?答案: An operating system (OS) is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services forcomputer programs. Its primary purpose is to enable the user to interact with the computer and provide a platform for running applications. It manages memory, file systems, input/output devices, and multitasking. The OS also handles system security and resource allocation to ensure optimal performance.4. 解答题请参考下文并给出自己的解答。
计算机专业英语复习题
1.判断题1. Operating system first appeared during the third computer generation.2. Unlike the other buses, the address bus always receives data from the CPU; the CPU never reads the address bus.3. The main operations of set algebra are complementation, union and intersection.4. If an empty stack is popped, we say the stack overflows, which is normally an error.5. The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.6. Freeware is free software with no restriction.7. When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the data onto the data bus, then outputs the address onto the address bus. 8．The FORTRAN programming language was developed during the first computer generation.9．A stack is a dynamic set that obeys the FIFO property.10．Two popular strategies for resource allocation are static allocation and dynamic allocation.11．The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.12. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessor can run on a computer that has a different microprocessor.13. Object-oriented programmingOOP is a programming language model organized around “objects” rather than “actions” and data rather than logic.14. FORTRAN is a particularly good language for processing numerical data, but it does not lend itself very well to organizing large programs.15. C++ and Smalltalk are two of the more popular object-oriented programming language.2.词汇Vacuum tube 真空管 general purpose 通用 transistor 晶体管LSILarge Scale Integrated Circuit：大规模集成电路VLSIVery Large Scale Integrated Circuit：超大规模集成电路Mainframe 大型机 medium-sized computer 中型机 minicomputer 小型机Microcomputer 小型机machine language 机器语言assembly language 汇编语言high-level language 高级语言Multiprogramming 多道程序设计virtual memory 虚拟存储time-share 分时Batch system 批处理系统 interactive system 交互式系统Instruction cycle 指令周期Address bus, data bus, control busInternal register内部寄存器 external register 外部寄存器 flag register标志寄存器Instruction register 指令寄存器program counter程序计数器combinatorial logic组合逻辑Control signal 控制信号 instruction code指令代码 instruction pipeline指令流水线Bidirectional 双向的 unidirectional 单向的ALUArithmetic Logic Unit 算术逻辑单元Decimal system十进制 binary system 二进制 quinary system 五进制duodecimal system 十二进制Boolean algebra 布尔代数 set algebra 集合代数 empty set 空集universal set 全集 intersection 交 complement 补 finite set 有限集 infinite set 无限集Stack 堆栈queue 队列underflow 下溢overflow 上溢pseudocode 伪码 LIFOLast in first out 后进先出 FIFOFirst in first out 先进先出 Linked list 链表 doubly linked list 双向链表Circular list 循环链表Resource allocation 资源分配 user interface 用户接口 static resource allocation 静态资源分配 dynamic resource allocation 动态资源分配 sequential sharing 串行共享 concurrent sharing 并行共享 resource preemption 资源抢占 memory sharing 存储器共享sequential program 顺序程序 concurrent program 并发程序 packet filtering firewall 包过滤防火墙 intrusion detection 入侵检测open source 开放源代码的Middleware 中间件liteware 不具备部分性能的共享软件shareware 共享软件 freeware 免费软件CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Manufacture 计算机辅助设计/制造Software life cycle 软件生存期 Software engineering 软件工程System engineering and analysis 系统工程与分析Software requirement analysis 软件需求分析Prototype 原型 fix-it coding 纠错式编码,修改式编码MIS/DPManagement Information System/Data Processing 管理信息系统/数据处理Machine language 机器语言 assembly language 汇编语言OOPLObject-oriented programming language 面向对象的程序设计语言3、选择1．Which one below is not a characteristic that we associate with a true computer todayA．electronic B．automatic C．stored-program D．general-purpose1．Which one below was the first machine whose design included all the characteristics of a computer.A．Z3 B．Mark I C．ENIAC D．EDVAC1．Which characteristic was not belong to ENIAC________ A．electronic B．general-purpose C．stored program D．capable of performing thousands of operations per second1．Which one below is the world’s first computer to become operational_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．Which one below is the first computer to operate in the United State_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．Which one below is the first commercially available computer_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．The _______ was the most popular first-generation computer.A．ENIAC B．EDSAC C．UNIVAC I D．IBM 6501．The first minicomputer became available in 1960, and its name was_______ .A．UNIVAC 1 B．IBM 360 C．PDP-1 D．PDP-81．The most popular minicomputer in third generation was_______ .A．UNIVAC 1 B．IBM 360 C．PDP-1 D．PDP-81．Which one below is not a feature of modern operatingsystems________.A．multiprogramming B．virtual memory C．compatibility D．time-sharing2．When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the______ onto the ____ bus, then outputs the ____ onto the _____ bus.A．address address data data B．data data address addressC．address data address data D．data address data address2．When the CPU fetches data from memory, it first outputs the memory ___on its _____ bus, then memory outputs the _____ onto the ____ bus.A．address address data data B．data data address addressC．address data address data D．data address data address2．The _______ bus consists of n lines, which combine to transmit one n-bit address value. -A．address B．data C．control D．system2．Which one below is not a register that belongs to theregister section of a processor.A．program counter B．instruction register C．flash memory D．flag register5．Which one below is not a system provided resource A．files B．CPU C．memory D．printer5．Which kind of resource can be shared in a concurrent manner A．memory B．printer C．data files D．CPU5．Preemption of system resources is used by the OS to enforce __________in their use by programs.A．efficiency B．fairness C．speed D．utilization6．_________ enables the application software to interact with the computer.A．Middleware B．Operating system C．System software D．Shareware6．Which one below is not a key element of software engineering A．methods B．designs C．tools D．procedures7．Which one below is not the benefit og object-oriented programmingA．inheritance B．data hiding C．reuse D．complex4．填空1、The characteristics that we associate with computers today are that the machine is electronic, that it has a stored program, and it is general purpose.1、the features of modern operating systems include multiprogramming, virtual memory, and time-sharing.2、When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the address onto the _________, then outputs the data onto the ___________.2、When the CPU fetches data from memory, it first outputs the memory address on its _____________, then memory outputs the data onto the _________________.2、The bus is a collection of individual control signals.2、The is the procedure a microprocessor goes through to process an instruction2、The signal is a signal on the control bus which the microprocessor asserts when it is ready to read data from memory or an I/O device.3、The ______ of any two sets subsets of a given set consist of those elements that are in one of the other or in both given sets.3、The _________of any two sets consists of those elements that are in one or the other or in both given sets; The _______of two sets consists of those elements that are in both given sets.4、The INSERT operation on a stack is often called ________, and the DELETE operation is often called _________.4、The INSERT operation on a queue is often called ________, and the DELETE operation is often called _________.5、OS functions can be classified into resource allocation and related functions, and user interface functions.5、Two popular strategies for resource allocation are: _____________________ and ______________________.5、Two ways of resource sharing are: ____________ _____________ and ______________________.6、Software is often divided into ____________software and ___________ software.6、The term_________ is used to describe programming that mediates between application and system software or between two different kinds of application software.6、_________ software controls the computer and enables it to run the __________ software and hardware.7、Lying between machine languages and high-level languages are _assembly languages_, which are directly related to a computer’s machine language.7、Object-oriented programmingOOP is a programming languagemodel organized around “” rather than “actions” and rather than logic.7、All high-level language programs must be translated intomachine language so that the computer can understand it. There aretwo ways to do this: compile the program or the program.5．翻译1、A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, and then carry out this program by performing calculations on numerical data or by compiling and correlating other forms of information.1、As more and more transistors were put on silicon chips, it eventually became possible to put an entire computer processor,called a microprocessor, on a chip.随着越来越多的晶体管被集成到硅芯片上,将一整个计算机处理器称为微处理器放在一个芯片上终于成为可能;2、The CPU decodes the instruction, and controls the execution procedure. It performs some operations internally, and supplies the address, data, and control signals needed by memory and I/O devicesto execute the instruction.CPU对指令译码并且控制整个执行过程;它执行一些内部操作,并且为存储器和I/O设备执行指令提供必要的地址、数据和控制信号;2、This unit generates the internal control signal that cause registers to load data, increment or clear their contents, and output their contents, as well as cause the ALU to perform the correct function.3、Given a subset of T, such as S, we may define the complement of S with respect to a universal set T to consist of precisely those elements of T which are not included in the given subset.给定T的一个子集,例如子集S,我们可以定义一个关于全集T的S的补集;其中正好包含那些不在子集S中而在T中的元素;3、The union of any two sets subsets of a given set consists of those elements that are in one or the other or in both given sets; the intersection of two sets consists of those elements that are in both given sets.任何两个集合已给定集合的若干子集的并集包含了出现于这两个子集中某一个集合或同时出现于这两个集合中的所有元素；两个集合的交集包含了同时出现于这两个集合中的元素;4、A stack is a data type whose major attributes are determined by the rules governing the insertion and deletion of its elements.5、Static resource allocation is simple to implement, however, it could lead to suboptimal utilization because the allocation is made on the basis of perceived needs of a program, rather than itsactual needs.静态资源分配易于实现,但由于它不是从程序的实际需要出发,而是根据程序预先提出的需求来做决定,所以容易导致系统利用率下降;6、Packaged software refers to programs prewritten by professional programmers that are typically offered for sale on a diskette.软件包是指那种由专业编程人员预先写好的,制作在软盘上以供销售的程序6、Custom-made software, or custom programs, is what all software used to be. Twenty years ago organizations hired computer programmers to create all their software. The programmer custom-wrote programs to instruct the company computer to perform whatever tasks the organization wanted.曾经所有的软件都是用户定制软件,或称用户软件;二十年前,各公司雇用编程人员编写所有的软件;编程人员根据用户的需要编写程序,指示公司的计算机执行组织想要实现的所有任务;6、The establishment and use of sound engineering principles in order to obtain economically software that is reliable and works efficiently on real machines.建立和使用稳妥的工程原理,以期得到一种能在实际机器上可靠而高效工作的、经济的软件;6、The life cycle paradigm demands a systematic, sequentialapproach to software development that begins at the system level and progresses through analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance.生命周期模型要求软件的开发从系统级设计到分析、设计、编码、测试和维护,都遵循系统的、顺序的方法;7、One of the principal advantages of object-oriented programming techniques over procedural programming techniques is that they enable programmers to create modules that do not need to be changed when a new type of object is added.。
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Unit 1单元测试题一V ocabulary and Structure1.We had an argument ________the waiter ________the bill.with…for B. with…about C. to…over D. to…about2.He was capable of killing a man with his ________hands.A.emptyB. ownC. bareD. tough3.The business is still ________ but it has survived the worst of the recession.A.on crisisB. out of crisisC. with crisisD. in crisis4.No new evidence ________ during the investigation.A.emergedB. appearedC. occurredD. arose5.It’s reported that the _______ of this new technology will contribute to the cure of cancer sooner or later.A.emergencyB. mergeC. emergeD. emergence6.Beijing is the ________ city of the 28th Olympic Games.A.hostB. sponsorC. organizingD. holding7.I always had an ________ of her standing by that particular window.A.imaginationB. imageC. imageryD. imaginary8.Air tickets during spring festival season are ________ expensive.A.more likely to beB. likely to be mostC. most likelyD. more likely9.At a single ________ of his hand, the room fell silent.A.moveB. signC. signalD. motion10.He ________ follow him.A. motioned with us toB. motioned for usC. motioned to us toD. motioned us for11. A window ________ in the wind.A. slammedB. slammed shutC. slammed shutD. slam shut12. The police officers must be prepared for ________.A. expectedB. unexpectedC. the unexpectedD. the expected13. I have been known to faint ________ blood.A. in the sight ofB. at the sight ofC. at the first sight ofD. out the sight of14. Her head ________ it would burst.A. felt likeB. feels likeC. felt as ifD. feels as if15. The cobra slowly ________ the bowl of milk.A. made forB. made toC. made intoD. made onto16. Play areas for children are ________ all over the place.A. spring upB. spring fromC. springing upD. springing from17. The police have so far failed to ________.A. track down the attackerB. track off the attackerC. track up the attackerD. track in attacker18. The company has ________ its offices.A. grown out ofB. grown outC. outgrownD. outgrew19. The ________ gave very different opinions on this issue.A. questioning peopleB. questioned peopleC. people questioningD. people questioned20. The chairman made it clear that those ________ should explain their reasons.A. objectedB. objectingC. objectD. to be objected21. ________ I’m willing to help, I do not have much time available.A. WhileB. WhenC. BecauseD. As soon as22. He ________ him 100 pounds.A. tricked me to lendB. tricked me into lendingC. tricked me to borrowD. tricked me into borrowing23. The medicine ________ three times a day after meals.A. is takenB. are takenC. is to be takenD. should take24. A ________ discussion sprang up between the major and the young girl.A. spiritingB. spiritedC. heatingD. heat25. I first heard this tale in India, where it is told ________ true.A. likeB. asC. likelyD. as if答案：1~5：BCDAD 6~10：ABADC 11~15：CCBCA 16~20：CACDB21~25：ABCBD二Choose the right words from the box below to fill in the blanks (2*10)The American does not join in the ____1____ but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange ____2____ come over the face of the hostess. She is ___3____ straight ahead, her muscles ____4_____ slightly. She motions to the native boy standing by her chair and ____5____ something to him. The boy’s eyes ___6____: he quickly leaves the room.____7___ the guests, none ___8____ the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors.The American ___9____ to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl ___10___ only one thing—bait for a snake.A. moving F. except K. ofB. comes G. contracting L. staringC. whispers H. argument M. quarrelD. expression I. means N. glazingE. in J. crawling O. widen1—56—10三. Translate the following Chinese into English (2*5)1.The guests at the dinner party was slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American.（对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点意外）.2.Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.（已经长大不再害怕独自呆在家里了）.3.The letter is to be handed to（信必须交给）Dr Wilson himself.4.While she felt like joining in the argument,（她虽然很想参加辩论）, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth.5.Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word. （她砰地关上门一声不吭地走了）.Unit 2单元测试题一．V ocabulary and Structure1.1.She began to explain her plan of _______ to the group.A.actB. actionC. actingD. actor2.Following her recent _______ to the post, her husband was _______ to a newly organized committee.B.appointment…appoint B. appoint…appointmentC. appointment…appointedD. appointed…appointment3. We have lots of things in common _______ music.A. besideB. besidesC. exceptD. except for4. The government has done nothing to resolve (解决) the conflict _______ nurses’ pay.A. aboutB. onC. ofD. over5. The cake was a delicious _______ of sponge, cream and fruit.A. creationB. creatorC. creatureD. creating6. _______ believe that privately _______ children are more independent.A. Education… educatingB. Education… educatedC. Educators… educatedD. Educators… educating7. A simple _______ of judgment meant that there was not enough food to go around.A. errorB. wrongC. faultD. problem8. I said without _______: “Please do not hesitate _______ me if you have any questions.”A. hesitation… in contactingB. hesitation… to contactC. hesitating… in contactingD. hesitating… to contact9. In my _______ opinion, you were in the wrong.A. humbleB. modestC. politeD. unpretending10. What exactly is the influence _______ television _______ children?A. over… onB. of…overC. of…uponD. over…of11. She was asked to _______ the essay competition.A. judgeB. evaluateC. commentD. estimate12. I finally managed to _______ a copy of the general manager’s report.A. acquireB. achieveC. obtainD. gain13. This particular custom has its _______ in Wales.A. originB. originsC. sourceD. sources14. I have been _______ by all the universities I applied to.A. refusedB. opposedC. rejectedD. denied15. This model is technically superior _______ its competitors.A. overB. toC. forD. on16. The hijackers (劫机犯) threatened _______ kill one passenger every house if their demands were not met.A. toB. byC. withD. that17. _______ information from a member of the public, the police raided(搜查) the club.A. Acting forB. Acting outC. Acting upD. Acting on18. This is the oldest Hebrew (希伯来语) manuscript _______.A. come into existenceB. existingC. in existenceD. existed19. Britain is being _______ in the race for new markets.A. leaving behindB. left behindC. leaving asideD. left aside20. Mrs. Brown asked me to go to her daughter’s concert and I _______ her invitation with pleasure.A. receivedB. took overC. acceptedD. rejected21. It is Miss White _______ found the child lying dead on the beach.A. whoB. whenC. whomD. which22. He wasn’t there on Monday. _______ on Tuesday, for that matter.A. NeitherB. NotC. NorD. Either23. Unless _______ very young, a tiger cannot be tamed.A. being caughtB. been caughtC. was caughtD. caught24. Mary considered herself _______ that she failed the final exam.A. luckyB. fortunateC. bad luckD. unlucky25. The fight was started by a gang of _______.A. youthsB. youthC. the youngD. children二Choose the right words from the box below to fill in the blanks (2*10)Jefferson’s courage and idealism were ___1___ on knowledge. He probably knew more than any other man of his age. He was a(n) ___2____ in agriculture, archeology, and medicine. He _____3___ crop rotation and soil conservation a century before these became ___4____ practice, and he invented a plow ___5____ to any other in ____6____. He ____7____ architecture throughout America, and he was ____8_____ producing devices for making the ___9____ of ordinary life easier to _____10_____.A. based F. common K. superiorB. existence G. expert L. standardC. practiced H. statesman M. tasksD. prominent I. influenced N. completelyE. constantly J. paces O. perform1—5 6—10三. Translate the following Chinese into English (2*5)1. It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make new constitution.（一个11人的委员会来制定新章程）.2. By making on-the-spot observations（通过现场观察）, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work.3. Henry’s works of art are superior in many respects（在许多方面好于）those of his brother’s.4. Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgement（本想按照自己的判断行事）, but he didn’t because as a soldier he had to obey the order.5. The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport.（在新机场最佳选址这一问题上）.Unit 3单元测试题一V ocabulary and StructureB.When business is _____, there is usually an obvious increase in unemployment.A. degradedB. depressedC. reducedD. lessenedC.Y ou have to _____ the lace before you can take off your shoes.A. undergoB. underlineC. unlockD. undoD.This ____ shows that John Williams has completed the school work of eighth grade.A. qualificationB. certificateC. identificationD. licenseE.The world’s governments have done ______ nothing to combat the nuclear accidents.A. inherentlyB. vitallyC. virtuallyD. identicallyF.The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are ______ indeed.A. distantB. slimC. unlikelyD. narrowG.That problem is beyond the ______ of this article, so I will not discuss it here.A. scaleB. extentC. scopeD. rangeH.When he was a student, his father gave him a monthly _____ towards his expense.A. salaryB. allowanceC. wageD. moneyI.The meteorological office（气象部门）says there is little ______ of rain in the near future.A. perspectiveB. foresightC. prospectD. outlookJ.Mary once ______ with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.A. mergedB. collaboratedC. coincidedD. constitutedK.The Pope（罗马教皇）is the ______ leader of the Roman Catholic Church.A. supremeB. superiorC. ultimateD. utmostL.The most successful post-career athletes are those who can take the identity and life skills they learned in sports and _____ them to another area of life.A. applyB. utilizeC. employD. exertM.The narrow, sunless hall _______ stale cabbage. It must have been vacant for a long time.A. smellsB. smells ofC. seemsD. feelsN.The show had a massive audience, _______ from children to grandparents.A. and rangesB. includingC. rangingD. and includesO.I’m sending the document as a(an) _______. Please let me know if you have trouble reading it.A. dependenceB. additionC. connectionD. attachmentP.The report blamed police _______ for the tragedy.A. competentB. incompetentC. competeD. competitiveQ.The right of ______ should be secured by the Constitution.A. privacyB. privateC. isolationD. isolatingR.Physical exercise can _____ you against heart disease.A. protectB. protestC. preventD. proceedS.They want to _____ everything within a week.A. turn outB. turn inC. turn awayD. turn aroundT.Happiness does not ______ how many possessions you own.A. consist ofB. consist withC. consist aboutD. consist inU.The film, though _____, is not likely to engage the attention of a _____ audience.A. amusing…thought C. amused…thinkingB. amusing…thinking D. mused…thoughtV.The bank is ______ right in the center of town.A. locatedB. localC. surroundedD. localizedW.There is every _____ of the weather remaining dry this week.A. prospectB. viewC. possibleD. expectationX.How many jobs had you _____ for before you were offered this one?A. triedB. appliedC. askedD. goneY.“Nonsense,” she told the _____ yesterday on Londo n Weekend Television.A. interviewerB. interviewC. intervieweeD. interviews25. The shy girl felt ____ and uncomfortable when she could not answer the teacher’s questions.A. amazedB. awkwardC. curiousD. amusedANSWER KEYS1-5 B D B C B 6-10 C B C B A 11-15 A B C D B16-20 A A B D B 21-25 A A B A B二. Choose the right words from the box below to fill in the blanks (2*10)While I was waiting to enter university, I saw ____1____ in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a ___2____ of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very _____3_____ money and wanting to do something useful, I ____4____, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my _____5____ of getting the job were ___6___.However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an ___7____. It ___8_____ an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ___9____ bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result, I arrived on a hot June morning too ___10_____ to feel nervous.A.depressed F. chances K. lack ofB.ten-minutes G. advertised L. ten-minuteC.slim H. interview M. opportunityD.suburb I.depressing N. provedE.applied J. application O. short of1—5 6—10三. Translate the following Chinese into English (2*5)1. She got a post as a cashier at a local bank, but she was son fired because she proved (to be) incompetent. （但不久因不称职而被解雇了）2. Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but his chances of getting it are slim. （但他得到它的可能性很小）3. Being short of funds（由于缺乏资金）, they are trying to attract foreign capital.4. The room smells of stale air.（这个房间有股霉味）It must have been vacant for a long time.5. As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.（几乎没有什么共同之处）Unit 4单元测试题一V ocabulary and Structure1. I’m very sorry to have you with so many questions on such an occasion.A. offendedB. impressedC. botheredD. interfered2. My father seemed to be in no to look at my school report.A. moodB. emotionC. attitudeD. feeling3. The suggestion that the mayor the prizes was accepted by everyone.A. would presentB. presentC. presentsD. ought to present4. These areas rely on agriculture almost , having few mineral resources and a minimum of industrial development.A. respectivelyB. extraordinarilyC. incrediblyD. exclusively5. All individuals are required to to the laws made by their governments.A. obeyB. conformC. concedeD. observe6. Companies are struggling to find the right between supply and demand, but it is no easy task.A. equationB. formulaC. balanceD. pattern7. A season ticket the holder to make as many journeys as he wishes within the stated period of time.A. grantsB. promisesC. entitlesD. presents8. He is quite sure that it’s impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.A. roughlyB. exclusivelyC. fullyD. absolutely9. How much of your country’s electrical supply is from water power?A. deducedB. derivedC. detachedD. declined10. This movie is not for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.A. profoundB. validC. uprightD. decent11. As as I am , I don’t care what you do.A. long…concernedB. long…concerningC. far…concernedD. far…concerning12. The medicine can make people fever.A. immune withB. immune toC. motionlessD. inactive to13. He was severely ill, he had to lie in bed.A. as much as thatB. so many so thatC. so serious so thatD. so much so that14. It is easy to a machine but difficult to put it together.A. tear…apartB. take…awayC. take…apartD. bring…away15. We rarely meet though we each other regularly.A. cooperateB. respondC. despondD. correspond16. The bad weather our hopes of going out.A. frustratedB. lostC. fulfilledD. dispirited17. Hearing that he had the first prize, he with delight.A. seamedB. filledC. beamedD. joined18. The growth of economy should not at the expense of environmental pollution.A. be followedB. pursueC. be perusedD. be pursued19. A of lectures on Asian economy will be held recently.A. variousB. collectionC. seriesD. bunch20. This shop has rights to sell this brand of clothes.A. exclusiveB. inclusiveC. decisiveD. excessive21. About the recent affair, the minister gave a highly remark.A. personalB. personC. personnelD. personality22. Finding a job in such a big company has always been his widest dreams.A. underB. overC. aboveD. beyond23. Without guidance, we could not with the chapter, so we had to pause for the teacher.A. pursueB. pursuitC. persistD. push24. The government is striving to improve the .A. houseB. housewifeC. householdD. housing25. Linda is 35 years old and, after two close relationships, the prospect of staying single her.A. impressesB. depressesC. threatensD. stunsANSWER KEYS1-5 CABDB 6-10 CCDBD 11-15 CBDCD16-20 ACDCA 21-25 ADADB二. Choose the right words from the box below to fill in the blanks (2*10)As a boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the personality that was Einstein. He was the only person I knew who had ____1____ himself and the world around him. He knew what he wanted and he wanted only this: to understand within his limits as a human being the ___2____ of the universe and the logic and simplicity in its _____3_____. He knew there were answers beyond his intellectual reach. But this did not ____4____ him. He was _____5____ to go as far as he could.In the 23 years of our friendship, I never saw him show jealousy, vanity, bitterness, anger, resentment, or personal ___6___. He seemed ___7____ these emotions. He was beyond any ___8_____. Although he ___9____ many of the world’s most important people, his ___10_____ carried only a watermark --- W --- for Woolworth’s.A. pretension F. linked with K. stationeryB. content G. come to terms with L. natureC. expectation H. emotion M. appointmentD. corresponded with I. functioning N. ambitionE. immune to J. rid of O. frustrate1—5 6—10三. Translate the following Chinese into English (2*5)1. The little girl ran so fast that she was thrown off balance and fell over. （身体一下失去平衡，跌倒了）2.I was s bewildered by their conflicting advice（我被他们互相矛盾的意见搞糊涂了）that I did not know how to act/what to do.3.At first this complicated problem frustrated them（起初，这个复杂的问题使他们感到灰心丧气）, but after thinking it over carefully they finally worked out a solution.4. The head of the sports delegation beamed with delight .（愉快地笑了）when a young pioneer presented him with a bunch of flowers.5. I really don’t see why our English teacher should single out our monitor for praise.（单单表扬了班长）since we have all done quite well this term.Unit 5单元测试题一V ocabulary and Structure1. These goods are _______ for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market.A. completelyB. essentiallyC. necessarilyD. remarkably2. It is essential that these application forms _______ back as early as possible.A. must be sentB. are sentC. will be sentD. be sent3. Could we _______ the small bedroom into a second bathroom?.A. varyB. alterC. adaptD. convert4. He sat there, ________ absent-minded.A. plainlyB. apparentlyC. plainD. apparent5. Numerous houses _______ as a result of the Tangshan Earthquake in 1976.A. crashedB. batteredC. collapsedD. smashed6. Crystal is a _______ material.A. transparentB. transformC. transactionD. transmit7. We _______ to get cold winters and warm, dry summers in this part of the countryA. inclineB. tendC. wantD. trend8. Those two suggestions are quite ______ from each other.A. distinctB. diverseC. variousD. divergent9. It was difficult to _________ how many trees had been destroyed.A. assumeB. assessC. estimateD. value10. Tourism has ________ agriculture as the nation's main industry.A. insteadB. changedC. alternativeD. replaced11. Our high living standards cause our present population to ________ 25 percent of the world's oil.A. swallowB. spendC. consumeD. take12. I'm afraid I have no ________ but to ask you to leaveA. substituteB. selectionC. preferenceD. alternative13. It's difficult for a small supermarket to _________ the big supermarkets.A. compete forB. compete againstC. compete asD. compete14. She used paper ________ to blow her nose.A. tissuesB. materialsC. handkerchiefD. glove15. They said they sent troops in to ________ the country from a dictator.A. setB. liberateC. safeguardD. send16. The medicine is ________ if taken in large quantities.A. poisonousB. beneficialC. efficientD. effective17. In all __________, it will rain this afternoon.A. chanceB. likelihoodC. opportunityD. alternative18. How did the problem _________ in the first place?A. come aroundB. come inC. come aboutD. come to19. Having too much food at a time will _______.A. do you harmB. do harm youC. do you goodD. do good you20. What are the qualities that _________ her character?A. makeB. make forC. make upD. make up for21. Her attitude lends a fresh ________ to the subject..A. sightB. perspectiveC. angleD. way22. The ________ between smoking and heart disease is well known.A. relationshipB. gapC. differenceD. connection23. He put too much ________ on the door handle and it snapped.A. effortB. energ yC. pressureD. attention24. _______ happens, we will meet here tonight.A. WhateverB. WhereverC. WhoeverD. Whenever25. He _________ the label 'magician' which he is often given..A. objectsB. objects toC. objectingD. objectionANSWER KEYS1-5 BDDBC 6-10 ABACD 11-15 CDBAB16-20 ABCAC 21-25 BDCAB二. Choose the right words from the box below to fill in the blanks (2*10)The sea level is rising very slowly from year to year. In all ____1____, it will continue to rise and do so at a greater rate in the course of the next hundred years. Where there are low-lying coastal areas (where a large ___2____ of the world’s population lives) the water will _____3_____ steadily, forcing people to retreat inland.Eventually the sea will reach two hundred feet above its present ____4____, and will be splashing against the windows along the twentieth floors of Manhattan’s skyscrapers. Florida will disappear _____5____ the waves, as will much of the British Isles, the crowded Nile valley, and the low-lying areas of China, India, and Russia.Not only will many cities be ___6___, but much of the most productive farming areas of the world will be lost. As the food supply drops, ___7____ will be ___8_____ and the structure of society may ___9____ under the ___10_____.A. starvation F. likely K. functionB. fall G. likelihood L. adventC. beneath H. collapse M. fractionD. pressure I. advance N. widespreadE. impression J. drowned O. level1—5 6—10三. Translate the following Chinese into English (2*5)1. The burning of coal not only consumes the oxygen in the house but also gives out poisonous gases . （散发出有毒气体）2. Apparently, finding alternative energy sources（找到替代能源）is essential to the steady development of our economy.3. Solar cells can absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity（把它变成电）.4. Because these creatures are small and tend to hide beneath leafy plants, they are not always visible to the naked eyes.（肉眼并不都可以看见）5. As a result of exposure to atomic radiation, he finally collapsed at work.（在工作时倒下了）Unit 6单元测试题一V ocabulary and Structure1. We need a monitor ______ whom everyone has confidenceA. toB. inC. ofD. about2. Joe still ______ on his mistakes long after the test was over.A. inhabitedB. residentC. dweltD. lived3. To ______ a conflict, it is often necessary to make some kind of compromise.A. involveB. revolveC. resolveD. resolute4. We never lose heart when we ______ difficulties in our study.A. met withB. counterC. countD. encounter5. Before taking time to consider it, the president ______ our proposal for several months.A. sat onB. sat besideC. sat outD. set on6. Mr. Brown is a ______ manager who believes he’s always right a bout everything.A. confidentB. competentC. deceivedD. conceited7. Einstein is so famous that there is no one who ______ him.A. doesn’t knowB. knowsC. didn’t knowD. knew8. If you want a drink, I’ll get you _______.A. onesB. oneC. a drinkD. one drink9. ______ a good beginning is made, the work is half done.A. WhenB. AfterC. As soon asD. Once10. Dr. Nolen used to have trouble _____ back to sleep during the first few months of his residency.A. getB. to getC. gotD. getting11. An ambulance must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of ______.A. crisisB. urgencyC. emergencyD. emergence12. He’s watching TV? He’s ______ to be cleaning his room.A. knownB. supposedC. regardedD. considered13. How does a doctor recognize the point in time ______ he is finally a surgeon?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when14. More than once at two in the morning, after lying ______ for an hour, I’d get out of bed and drive to the hospital to see thepatient myself.A. awakeB. wakeC. wakenD. woke15. There were still situations in ______ I couldn’t be certain my decision had been the right one.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when16. I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I ______ would be a sound one.A. have madeB. madeC. had madeD. would make17. We can never anticipate everything that will happen in the future _______.A. in timeB. on timeC. in advanceD. on advance18. I knew that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either. Which one of thefollowing can best explain the underlined part?A. it was likely thatB. it was a good chanceC. I can get the chanceD. I can avoid the chance19. He received four years of training in English and two years in English teaching. He is a _______ English instructor.A. responsibleB. scaredC. vastD. qualified20. Y ou are very _______ to take the trouble to help me. I can not thank y ou enough.A. whisperB. vitalC. thoughtfulD. considered21. Everyone is encouraged to _______ food or clothing for those who suffered a great deal in the flood.A. attributeB. distributeC. contributeD. drift22. Her smile _______ her se cret even though she didn’t admit the fact.A. reviewedB. reversedC. respondedD. revealed23. He ________ that he could finish the job without any help.A. designedB. headedC. claimedD. preserved24. Anyone without _______ illness can do this simple job.A. mildB. mindC. mentalD. mend25. If you need further information, please _______ our office.A. constantB. constructC. containD. contactANSWER KEYS。