中考英语冠词讲解和考点分析

中考英语冠词讲解与考点分析

冠词是中考单项填空必考的语法项目之一,一般每年有一道小题,两个空。因为冠词用法比较灵活,往往随着语境的变化而变化,并且固定搭配和特例较多，失分的考生比较多。本文将结合中考试题,归纳冠词的考点。

第一部分：基础知识

一、冠词概述

冠词是虚词，它不能单独使用。只能附在一个名词上说明这个名词。冠词分为不定冠a(an)词和定冠词the。不定冠词一般表示泛指；定冠词一般表示特指。

二、不定冠词a(an)的用法

A. 不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前。a用于辅音字母开始的词前；an用于元音字母开始的词前。如：a girl an English book

B. 不定冠词用来表示类别，指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个(泛指)。如：

His father is a doctor.

I work in a middle school in Beijing.

C. 不定冠词用于单数可数名词前，可以表示其全类(泛指)。如：

An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English.

三、定冠词the的用法

①表示上文提到过的人或事物。

如：He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning.

The dictionary is very good.

②用于单数可数名词前，表示整体或类别。

如：The panda is a rare animal.

此句等于：A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.

③用来表示世界上独一无二的事物。

如：the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world

④用于表示阶级、党派的名词前。

如：the Chinese Communist Party, the working class the proletariat 无产阶级

⑤常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。

A. 用于许多江海，山脉，群岛等名词前：

The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific Ocean

B. 用于由普通名词构成的国名：

The People's Republic of China the United States

C. 用于机关、团体、朝代、时代、报刊杂志等名词前：

the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty

the People's Daily the Summer Palace the Peace Hotel

the British Museum

⑥用于表示方位的名词前。

如：the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left

⑦用于乐器名词前，但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。

如：play the piano play the violin play erhu

⑧用于复数的姓氏前，表示两夫妇或全家，在此情况下，这类名词作复数

对待。

如：When we got there, the Lius were waiting for us.

The Smiths watch TV every day.

⑨用于某些形容词或过去分词前，表示一类人或事物。

如：the poor the rich the living the young

the wounded the oppressed the beautiful

⑩用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前。

如：Shanghai is the biggest city in china.

After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.

四、零冠词用法

①表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前，不用冠词。

Now people are living a happy life.

Trees are planted everywhere.

②不含普通名词的专有名词，表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前，不用冠

词。

We are studying English.

He is leaving for America this year.

It is pleasant to walk in soft snow.

Love is always stronger than hatred.

③名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰，不用冠词。

I like this picture better.

Is that your book?

Take their chairs away!

I do not have any money on me.

As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.

④季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。

She likes spring while I like summer.

We have no classes on Saturday.