英美报刊选读 passage 13 the decline of neatness (含翻译)

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英美报刊选读passage13thedeclineofneatness（含翻译）

英美报刊选读passage13thedeclineofneatness（含翻译）The Decline of Neatness行为标准的蜕化By Norman Cou s insAnyone with a passion for hanging labels on people or things should have little difficulty in recognizing that an apt tag for our time is the “Unkempt Generation”. 任何一个喜欢给别人或事物贴标签的人应该不难发现我们这个时代合适的标签是“邋遢的一代”。

I am not referring solely to college kids. The sloppiness virus has spread to all sectors of society," People go to all sorts of trouble and expense to look uncombed, unshaved. unpressed.3 我说这话不仅仅是针对大学生。

邋遢这种病毒已经蔓延到社会各个部分。

人们刻意呈现一幅蓬头散发、边幅不修、衣着不整的形象。

The symbol of the times is blue jeans—not just blue jeans in good condition but jeans that are frayed, torn, discolored. They don't get that way naturally. No one wants blue jeans that are crisply clean or spanking new. 如今时代潮流的象征是穿蓝色牛仔裤--不是完好的牛仔裤，而是打磨过的，撕裂开的，和褪色了的牛仔裤。

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单选题1.According to the media,Jordan_________.A.was too old to compete against younger players.B.was in a bad condition.C.was still able to scoreD.was still able to play dunks.答案:D2.avant-gardeA.relating to,or being part of an innovative groupB.a teenagerC.violence attack答案:A3.Which organization announced an emergency meeting to be held in Geneva this week?A.WTOB.WHOOD.EU答案:B4.suffuse.A.to spread through or overB.to kill sbC.to buy a great loaf of答案:A5.Why must local government keep his or her doors to every visitor?A.Economic development depends on it.B.The central government forces them to do that.C.In order to let more people enjoy the beauty of the sites.D.They are friendly and hospitable.答案:A6.______is one of the few areas where Israeli Jews and Arabs live in relative harmony.A.HaifaB.RamallahC.TulkarmD.Tel Aviv答案:A7.How many nations does the commonwealth have?A.54B.53C.48D.1答案:B8.deteriorateA.become worse in quality or conditionB.destroyC.well wealthy答案:A9.decrepit.A.to kill sb at timesB.worn out,impairedC.to set fire on答案:B10.What’s the CIA’s opinion on dealing with Iraq?A.remodel the successful war strategy in AfghanistanB.advocate a coup or destabilization to topple SaddamC.run a war in IraqD.others答案:B11._______is a distinct advantage if you want a career at what passes for the American establishment.A.gilt-edged diplomaB.wealthy familyC.AbilityD.Alumni connection答案:A12.H.M.O.A.家长会B.环保总局C.保健组织答案:C13.The key question in evaluating a college is_________.A.the number of studentsB.the alumniC.the location of the collegeD.how well it teaches its students.答案:D14.spurA.carry out a particular taskB.intriguingC.incite,stimulate答案:C15.tackleA.to try to deal with a difficult problemB.meet troubleC.make a hole答案:A16.What did not the workers do in the run up to the last October’s celebration?A.They finished a network of expressways and ramps crisscrossing the city.B.They built a huge airport in nearby Pudong.C.They built a large-sized shopping mall in the center of city.D.They built a cross-river tunnels linking Shanghai to Pudong.答案:C17.Richard Nixon thinks that the cooperation between the East and the West will be______.A.possibleB.impossibleC.unknown答案:A18.alluringA.get rid ofB.attractive or desirableC.never give up答案:B19.school-boardA.学校教工大会B.学校董事会C.学校组织D.学校大会答案:B20.wrack.A.keep sth from being hurtB.destroy or ruinC.help without any hesitation答案:B21.The1996law created the Temporary Assistant For Needy Families,which slapped a___lifetime on an individual’s right to collect benefits.A.ten-yearB.twelve-yearC.five-yearD.twenty-year答案:C22.-----is a member of the minority who do have problems during menopause.A.Sonja MckinlayB.JamisonC.Ravenna HelsonD.Carol Ryff答案:B23.maritalA.of or relating to marriageB.wife or husbandC.to save答案:A24.desperately.A.luckilyB.to give little hope of successC.hately答案:B25.______took responsibility for the attack in Haifa?A.An Islamic groupB.Several Palestinian soldiersC.Several Palestinian civiliansD.None答案:A26.rekindle.A.to relight(a fire)B.to put out fireC.to set fire on答案:A27.Moriarty is-----now.A.a workerB.a reporterC.an athleteD.a designer答案:D28.A200-point increase in the average SAT score of the college attended resulted in_____greater earnings for students from families in the lowest fifth of income distribution.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.8%答案:C29.alluring.A.Never say goodbye to somebodyB.attractive or desirableC.interesting30.gratifyA.please or satisfyB.discourageC.supremacy答案:A31.In the content of this lesson,among the drugs,_____can easily cause coma and deathA.MDMAB.LSDC.GHBD.heroin答案:C32.The NRA’s power depends on the relatively few close elections that often determine who controls____.A.PresidentB.Supreme CourtC.CongressD.jury答案:C33.grottoe.A.houseB.caveC.cottage答案:B34.Tejano music is dynamite in----but not in California,whose technobanda music does not sell elsewhere.B.New JerseyC.GeorgiaD.Wisconsin答案:A35.incentiveA.induce action or motivate effortB.hard workC.to devote one‘s heart to sb.答案:A36.The attitude of the author revealed in the article named “Exploding Tourism Eroding China’s Riches”is__A.nostalgiaB.criticalC.pessimisticD.optimistic答案:B37.Since1996,the number of people collecting food stamps has sunk by one-third,to___million.A.3B.17C.22D.20答案:B38.collaborationA.to express sorrow or regretB.working together,especially in a joint intellectual effortC.future generation答案:B39.consternation.A.a feeling of shock or worryB.a feeling of happiness and blessnessC.always wanting to fight答案:A40.brunt.A.the main impact or forceB.help sbC.never refuse others答案:A41.suffuseA.to spread through or overB.to kill sbC.to buy a great loaf of答案:A42.jutA.little potB.carefulC.extend beyond the limits of the main body,project答案:C43.Who was awarded the Order of Australia,the country’s highest civil medal of honor?A.CathyB.MoriartyC.Ros答案:B44.prudentA.careful,circumspectB.surprising or astoundingC.of two races答案:A45.The United States says large-scale direct military action may be required only in______.A.IraqB.Iraq and SomaliaC.SomaliaD.none答案:B46.In1981,6-8–year-olds averaged______minutes of homework per week.A.45B.50C.44D.60答案:C47.assumeA.of two racesB.supposeC.of other Spanish-speaking countries答案:B48.upheavalA.a sudden,violent disruption or upsetB.rucksackC.intensively答案:A49.backpack.A.dispute,argumentB.rucksackC.carry out a particular task答案:B50.emphaticallyA.intensivelyB.careful,circumspectC.condemn openly as being evil or reprehensible答案:A51.inboundA.to execute an inbounds passB.to have a tripC.lousy答案:A判断题1.Hug drug is good for people’s healthA.错误B.正确答案:A2.Most of the crimes are not concerned with young peopleA.错误B.正确答案:A3.To build a highway is to bring visitors convenience and safety.A.错误B.正确答案:B4.U.S.estimates the Taliban now controls the whole country of Afghanistan.A.错误B.正确答案:A5.The Taliban began as a group of seminary students.A.错误B.正确答案:B6.China spends the least money on cultural conservation.A.错误B.正确答案:B7.The troubles with gangs are not so seriousA.错误B.正确答案:A8.The Scots and the Welsh worry a lot about those Japanese companies.A.错误B.正确答案:A9.Hug drug is good for people’s healthA.错误B.正确答案:A10.Economic development depends on that local government must keep his or her doors to every visitor.A.错误B.正确答案:B11.In Britain the monarch remains very much at the heart of its Constitution.A.错误B.正确答案:B12.Campus romance is unrequited because women on campus do not expect a marriage.A.错误B.正确答案:A13.Nixon thinks that the cooperation between the East and the West is impossible.A.错误B.正确答案:A14.Nixon still believes that Communist party will be the enemy of the United States forever.A.错误B.正确答案:B15.1221is located at1221Yan’an Xi Road.A.错误B.正确答案:B16.John Kundereri Moriarty,living happily in an aboriginal tribal community in northern Australia,was transported south through Alice Springs.A.错误B.正确答案:B17.Economic development depends on that local government must keep his or her doors to every visitor.A.错误B.正确答案:B18.An unprecedented chance for Gypsies is to be recognized as a nation,albeit one without a defined territory.A.错误B.正确答案:B19.While low-wage jobs are the early magnet for many,there is also evidence of upward mobility.A.错误B.正确答案:B20.An entrepreneurial is someone who starts or organizes a commercial enterpriseA.错误B.正确答案:B21.“Soothe”means to make someone uncomfortableA.错误B.正确答案:A22.The old rule for a polite conversation is:Never mention the topic of sex,religion and politics.A.错误B.正确答案:B23.Hikers don’t like to walking a long way and climbing hills on foot.A.错误B.正确答案:A24.An irritable person is someone of mild temper.A.错误B.正确答案:A25.Nixon thinks that the cooperation between the East and the West is impossible.B.正确答案:A26.Nixon thinks that the cooperation between the East and the West is impossible.A.错误B.正确答案:A27.An irritable person is someone of mild temper.A.错误B.正确答案:A28.College officials should be blamed for the cheating in college rankings.A.错误B.正确答案:B29.The author believes that the rankings have become an unhealthy force in highereducation.A.错误B.正确答案:B30.Poverty rates among Hispanics remain lowA.错误B.正确31.Krueger and Dale concluded that smart,talented kids who attended less selective schools didn’t do just as well in their careers as their counterparts at elite colleges.A.错误B.正确答案:A。

英美报刊选读_课文word整合版

Unit2 Gender IssuesMen turn to jobs women usually do 1.HOUSTON - Over the last decade, American menof all backgrounds have begun flocking to fields such as teaching, nursing and waiting tables that have long been the province of women.2."The way I look at it is that anything, basically,that a woman can do, a guy can do," said Miguel Alquicira, who graduated from high school when construction and manufacturing jobs were scarce and became a dental assistant.3.The trend began well before the crash,andappears to be driven by a variety of factors, including financial concerns, quality-of-life issues and a gradual erosion of g ender stereotypes.4.In interviews, about two dozen men played downthe economic considerations, saying that the stigma associated with choosing such jobs had faded, and that the jobs were appealing not just because they offered stable employment, but because they were more satisfying.5."I.T. is just killing viruses and clearing paper jamsall day," said Scott Kearney, 43, who tried information technology and other fields before becoming a nurse in the pediatric intensive care unit at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital in Houston.6.An analysis of United States census data by TheNew York Times shows that from 2000 to 2010,occupations that are more than 70 percent female accounted for almost a third of all job growth for men, double the share of the previous decade.7.That does not mean that men are displacingwomen - those same jobs accounted for almost two-thirds of women's job growth. But in Texas, for example, the number of men who are registered nurses nearly doubled in that time period.8.The shift includes low-wage jobs as well.Nationally, two-thirds more men were bank tellers, almost twice as many were receptionists and two-thirds more were waiting tables in 2010 than a decade earlier.9.Even more striking is the type of men who aremaking the shift. From 1970 to 1990, according to a study by Mary Gatta, senior scholar at Wider Opportunities for Women, an organization based in Washington, D.C., and Patricia A. Roos, a sociologist at Rutgers University in New Jersey, men who took so-called pink-collar jobs tended to be foreign-born, non-English speakers with low education levels.10.Now, though, the trend has spread among men ofnearly all races and ages, more than a third of whom have a college degree. In fact, the shift is most pronounced among young, white, college-educated men like Charles Reed, a sixth-grade math teacher at Patrick Henry Middle School in Houston.11.Mr. Reed, 25, intended to go to law school after atwo-year stint with Teach for America, a nationalteacher corps of recent college graduates who spend two years helping under-resourced urban and rural public schools. But Mr. Reed fell in love with teaching. He says the recession had little to do with it, though he believes that, by limiting prospects for new law school graduates, it made his father, a lawyer, more accepting.12.To the extent that the shift to "women's work" hasbeen accelerated by recession, the change may reverse when the economy recovers. "Are boys today saying, 'I want to grow up and be a nurse?'"asked Heather Boushey, senior economist at the Center for American Progress. "Or are they saying, 'I want a job that's stable and recession-proof?'"13.Daniel Wilden, a 26-year-old Army veteran andnursing student, said he had gained respect for nursing when he saw a female medic use a Leatherman tool to save the life of his comrade."She was a beast," he said admiringly.14.More than a few men said their new jobs were farharder than they imagined. But these men can expect success. Men earn more than women even in female-dominated jobs. And white men in particular who enter those fields easily move up to supervisory positions, a phenomenon known as the glass escalator, said Adia Harvey Wingfield,a sociologist at Georgia State University.15."I hated my job every single day of my life," saidJohn Cook, 55, who got a modest inheritance that let him drop a $150,000-a-year database consultant's job to enter nursing school.16.His starting salary will be two thirds lower, butdatabase consulting does not typically earn hugs like the one Mr. Cook received from a girl after he took care of her premature baby sister. "It's like, people get paid for doing this kind of stuff?" Mr.Cook said, tears coming to his eyes as he recounted the episode.17.Several men cited the same reasons for seekingout pink-collar work that have drawn women to such careers: less stress and more time at home.At John G. Osborne Elementary School, Adrian Ortiz, 42, joked that he was one of the few Mexicans who made more in his native country, where he was a hard-working lawyer, than he did in the United States as a kindergarten teacher in a bilingual classroom. "Now," he said, "my priorities are family, 100 percent."18.Betsey Stevenson, a labor economist at theUniversity of Pennsylvania, said she was not surprised that changing gender roles at home, where studies show men are shouldering more of the domestic burden, are showing up in career choices. "We tend to study these patterns of what's going on in the family and what's going on in the workplace as separate, but they're very much intertwined," she said. "So as attitudes in the family change, attitudes toward the workplace have changed."19.In a classroom at Houston Community College,Dexter Rodriguez, 35, said his job in tech support had not been threatened by the tough economy.Nonetheless, he said, his family downsized the house, traded the new cars for used ones and began to live off savings, all so Mr. Rodriguez could train for a career he regarded as more exciting.20."I put myself into the recession," he said, "becauseI wanted to go to nursing school."Unit3 E-CommerceThe Post-Cash Economy1.In London, travelers can buy train tickets withtheir phones - and hold up the phones for the conductor to see. And in Starbucks coffee shops in the United States, customers can wave their phones in front of the cash register and pay for their soy chai lattes.2.Money is not what it used to be, thanks to theInternet. And the pocketbook may soon be destined for the dustbin of history - at least if some technology companies get their way.3.The cellphone increasingly contains theessentials of what we need to make transactions."Identification, payment and personal items," as Hal Varian, the chief economist at Google, pointed out in a new survey conducted by the Pew Research Center in Washington, D.C. "All this will easily fit in your mobile device and will inevitably do so."4.The phone holds and records plenty more vitalinformation: It keeps track of where you are, what you like and who your peers are. That data can all be leveraged to sell you things you never knew you needed.5.The survey, released last month by the PewResearch Center's Internet and American Life Project along with Elon University's Imagining the Internet Center in North Carolina, asked justover 1,000 technologists and social scientists to opine on the future of the wallet in 2020. Nearly two-thirds agreed that "cash and credit cards will have mostly disappeared" and been replaced with "smart" devices able to carry out a transaction.But a third of the survey respondents countered that consumers would fear for the security of transactions over a mobile device and worry about surrendering so much data about their purchasing habits.6.Sometimes, those with fewer options are the onesto embrace change the fastest. In Kenya, a service called M-Pesa (pesa is money in Swahili) acts likea banking system for those who may not have abank account. With a rudimentary cellphone, M-Pesa users can send and receive money through a network of money agents, including cellphone shops. And in India, several phone carriers allow their customers to pay utility bills and transfer small amounts of money over their cellphones. 7.Several technology companies, big and small, arebusy trying to make it easier for us to buy and sell all kinds of things without our wallets. A start-up, WePay, describes itself as a service that allows the smallest merchant - say, a dog walker - to get paid;the company verifies the reputations of payers and sellers by analyzing, among other things, their Facebook accounts.8. A British start-up, called Blockchain, offers a freeiPhone application allowing customers to use a crypto-currency called bitcoins, which users can mint on their computers.9. A company called Square began by offering asmall accessory to enable food cart vendors and other small merchants to accept credit cards on phones and iPads. Square's latest invention allows customers to register an account with Square merchants and pay simply by saying their names.The customer's picture pops up on the merchant's iPad.10.Google Wallet has been designed to sit in yourphone, be linked to your credit card, and let you pay by tapping your phone on a reader, using what is known as near field technology. But Google Wallet works on only four kinds of phones, and not many merchants are equipped for near field technology.11.Meanwhile, PayPal, which allows people to makepayments over the Internet, has quietly begun to persuade its users to turn to their cellphones.PayPal posted about $118 billion in total transactions last year and became the fastest-growing segment of eBay, its parent company. 12."The physical wallet, which had no innovation inthe last 50 years, will become an artifact," John J.Donahoe, the chief executive of eBay, told me recently. The wallet would move into the cloud, and ideally, from his perspective, into PayPal. No more would the consumer worry about losing a wallet. Everything, he declared, would be contained within PayPal. It would also enable the company to collect vast amounts of data about customer habits, purchases and budgets.13.Mr. Donahoe said he wanted his company tobecome "a mall in your pocket."14.I recently described PayPal's plans to AlessandroAcquisti, an economist who studies digital privacy at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Mr. Acquisti smiled. If today all you need to do is enter your phone number and PIN when you visit a store, perhaps tomorrow, he said, that store will be able to detect your phone by its unique identifier. Perhaps, you won't have to shop at all. Your shopping data would be instead collected, analyzed and used to tell you exactly what you need: a motorcycle from Ducati or purple rain boots in the next size for your growing child. Money will be seamlessly taken from your account. A delivery will arrive at your doorstep."In the future, maybe you won't have to pay," Mr.Acquisti offered, only half in jest."The transaction will be made for you."Unit4 Cultural ExchangeAsia’s Endangered Species: the Expat1.Forget expats. Western companies doing businessin Asia are now looking to locals to fill the most important jobs in the region.2.Behind the switch, experts say, are several factors,including a leveled playing field in which Western companies must approach newly empowered Asian companies and consumers as equals and clients—not just manufacturing partners.panies now want executives who can securedeals with local businesses and governments without the aid of a translator, and who understand that sitting through a three-hour dinner banquet is often a key part of the negotiating process in Asia, experts say.4.In fact, three out of four senior executives hired inAsia by multinationals were Asian natives already living in the region, according to a Spencer Stuart analysis of 1,500 placements made from 2005 to 2010. Just 6% were noncitizens from outside of Asia.5."It's a strategic necessity to be integrated in theculture. Otherwise, the time to learn all of it takes forever," said Arie Y. Lewin, a professor of strategy and international business at Duke University's Fuqua School of Business. He adds that locals may better navigate a business culture where copycats and competitors often play by different rules.6.What's more, a failed expatriate hire can be acostly mistake and slow a firm's progress in the region, said Phil Johnston, a managing director at recruiter Spencer Stuart.7.To help companies fill Asia-based executive roles,at least two search firms—Spencer Stuart and Korn/Ferry International—say they have begun classifying executives in four broad categories: Asia natives steeped in local culture but educated in the U.S. or Europe; the foreigner who has lived or worked in Asia for a long time; a person of Asian descent who was born or raised in a Western country but has had little exposure to Asia; and the local Asian executive who has no Western experience.8.For companies seeking local expertise, both firmssaid the first category is by far the most sought-after. But Mr. Johnston said those candidates are difficult to find and retain, and they can command salaries of $750,000 to $1 million—on par with, and sometimes more than, their expat counterparts.9.German conglomerate Siemens AG in 2010 hiredMei-Wei Cheng, a China-born Cornell University graduate, to head its Chinese operations—a role previously held by European executives.10.While Siemens's European executives had madeinroads with Chinese consumers—building sales in the region to nearly one-tenth of global revenue—the firm realized it needed someone who could quickly tap local business partners.11.After an extensive search, Siemens hired Mr.Cheng, formerly CEO at the Chinese subsidiariesof Ford Motor Co. and General Electric Co. GE 12.The decision to hire locally seems to have paidoff for Siemens: In his first 18 months on the job, Mr. Cheng forged two wind-power jointventures with Shanghai Electric Group Co.13.Mr. Cheng communicates easily with localofficials, a major advantage when it comes to selling energy technology to individual cities, says Brigitte Ederer, head of human resources for Siemens and a member of the company's managing board. Many local officials don't speak English.14.Bob Damon, president of recruiter Korn/FerryInternational's North American operations, said the current talent pool for executive roles is so limited that most top Asian executives simply rotate from one Western company to another, as Mr. Cheng did.15.Other companies are adding to the demand bycreating new positions in Asia. Campbell Soup Co.CPB last week announced the appointment of Daniel Saw as its first-ever president of Asia operations, while Canadian conglomerate Bombardier Inc. BBD.B.T hired Albert Li to fill a new role overseeing its aerospace business in China. Both executives were born in Asia and have worked as regional managers for Western multinationals.16.Meanwhile, younger Chinese professionals arepositioning themselves to meet the need for executive talent in the years to come. Nearly four in 10 American M.B.A. programs say China was their fastest-growing source of foreign applicants last year, according to the Graduate Management Admission Council, which administers the Graduate Management Admission Test.17.Foreigners with no Asia experience, on the otherhand, need not apply, recruiters said. Spencer Stuart's Mr. Johnston said he occasionally receives inquiries from Western middle managers, proclaiming that they are finally ready to make a career move to the region. He advises them that "there is nothing about their experience that is interesting or relevant to Asia."18.In hubs like Singapore and Hong Kong, expatsreceive as much as $200,000 a year in subsidies for housing, transportation and private schooling, Mr. Johnston said. Payments to offset taxes for these benefits add up to another $100,000.Altogether, a bad match can cost a company as much as $1 million, after figuring in relocation costs, he said.19.Monster Worldwide Inc. Chief Executive SalIannuzzi said the company has been hiring locally for several years, in part because he found deploying expatriates cost too much. "It takes them six months to figure out how to take a ferry, they're there for 12 months, and then they spend the next six months figuring out how to get home," he said.20.Like some other companies, Monster now tracksits own workers to ensure a pipeline of talent.21.The online job-search company's current head ofChina operations, Edward Lo, a former fraternity brother of Mr. Iannuzzi, understands the local scene, is well connected in China and knows how to recruit, Mr. Iannuzzi said. Among Mr. Lo's duties: finding his own successor before he retires.22.Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. basedin White Plains, N.Y., also develops its own leaders for Asia, plucking people who have come up through the company ranks. For example, the head of Asia Pacific started in the 1970s on the finance team in Hong Kong, and the head of the Middle East region was a hotel manager who worked his way up.23.Having grown up in their markets, managersunderstand customer needs, said Starwood CEO Frits van Paasschen. Regional heads in China, for instance, know that when dealing with land owners or developers, deals are less "transactional," and more "trust-based," he said.They also know that Chinese travelers—who now comprise the majority of hotel guests in the region—feel more at home when they're supplied with tea kettles, slippers and chopsticks, he added.24.For fast-food company Yum Brands Inc. CEODavid Novak calls his Asia-bred regional head and executive team "our single biggest competitive advantage." China has become the company's biggest earnings driver, comprising more than 40% of operating profit.25.Thanks to Yum's China leaders, Mr. Novak says,KFC in China began serving rice porridge and soy milk for breakfast, and Pizza Hut now offers an afternoon tea menu—both of which have been big hits among local customers.Unit5 Auto-WorldThe Future of the Car :Clean, Safe and it Drives itselfCars have already changed the way we live. They are likely to do so again1.SOME inventions, like some species, seem tomake periodic leaps in progress. The car is one of them. Twenty-five years elapsed between Karl Benz beginning small-scale production of his original Motorwagen and the breakthrough, by Henry Ford and his engineers in 1913, that turned the car into the ubiquitous, mass-market item that has defined the modern urban landscape. By putting production of the Model T on moving assembly lines set into the floor of his factory in Detroit, Ford drastically cut the time needed to build it, and hence its cost. Thus began a revolution in personal mobility. Almost a billion cars now roll along the world’s highways.2.Today the car seems poised for another burst ofevolution. One way in which it is changing relates to its emissions. As emerging markets grow richer, legions of new consumers are clamouring for their first set of wheels. For the whole world to catch up with American levels of car ownership, the global fleet would have to quadruple. Even a fraction of that growth would present fearsome challenges, from congestion and the price of fuel to pollution and global warming.3.Yet, as our special report this week argues, stricterregulations and smarter technology are making cars cleaner, more fuel-efficient and safer than ever before. China, its cities choked in smog, is following Europe in imposing curbs on emissions of noxious nitrogen oxides and fine soot particles.Regulators in most big car markets are demanding deep cuts in the carbon dioxide emitted from carexhausts. And carmakers are being remarkably inventive in finding ways to comply.4.Granted, battery-powered cars have disappointed.They remain expensive, lack range and are sometimes dirtier than they look—for example, if they run on electricity from coal-fired power stations. But car companies are investing heavily in other clean technologies. Future motorists will have a widening choice of super-efficient petrol and diesel cars, hybrids (which switch between batteries and an internal-combustion engine) and models that run on natural gas or hydrogen. As for the purely electric car, its time will doubtless come.Towards the driverless, near-crashless car 5.Meanwhile, a variety of “driver assistance”technologies are appearing on new cars, which will not only take a lot of the stress out of driving in traffic but also prevent many accidents. More and more new cars can reverse-park, read traffic signs, maintain a safe distance in steady traffic and brake automatically to avoid crashes. Some carmakers are promising technology that detects pedestrians and cyclists, again overruling the driver and stopping the vehicle before it hits them.A number of firms, including Google, are busytrying to take driver assistance to its logical conclusion by creating cars that drive themselves to a chosen destination without a human at the controls. This is where it gets exciting.6.Sergey Brin, a co-founder of Google, predicts thatdriverless cars will be ready for sale to customers within five years. That may be optimistic, but the prototypes that Google already uses to ferry itsstaff (and a recent visitor from The Economist) along Californian freeways are impressive.Google is seeking to offer the world a driverless car built from scratch, but it is more likely to evolve, and be accepted by drivers, in stages.7.As sensors and assisted-driving softwaredemonstrate their ability to cut accidents, regulators will move to make them compulsory for all new cars. Insurers are already pressing motorists to accept black boxes that measure how carefully they drive: these will provide a mass of data which is likely to show that putting the car on autopilot is often safer than driving it. Computers never drive drunk or while texting.8.If and when cars go completely driverless—forthose who want this—the benefits will be enormous. Google gave a taste by putting a blind man in a prototype and filming him being driven off to buy takeaway tacos. Huge numbers of elderly and disabled people could regain their personal mobility. The young will not have to pay crippling motor insurance, because their reckless hands and feet will no longer touch the wheel or the accelerator. The colossal toll of deaths and injuries from road accidents—1.2m killed a year worldwide, and 2m hospital visits a year in America alone—should tumble down, along with the costs to health systems and insurers.9.Driverless cars should also ease congestion andsave fuel. Computers brake faster than humans.And they can sense when cars ahead of them are braking. So driverless cars will be able to drive much closer to each other than humans safely can.On motorways they could form fuel-efficient “road trains”, gliding along in the slipstream of the vehicle in front. People who commute by car will gain hours each day to work, rest or read a newspaper.Roadblocks ahead10.Some carmakers think this vision of the future is(as Henry Ford once said of history) bunk. People will be too terrified to hurtle down the motorway in a vehicle they do not control: computers crash, don’t they? Carmakers whose self-driving technology is implicated in accidents might face ruinously expensive lawsuits, and be put off continuing to develop it.11.Yet many people already travel, unwittingly, onplanes and trains that no longer need human drivers. As with those technologies, the shift towards driverless cars is taking place gradually.The cars’ software will learn the tricks that humans use to avoid hazards: for example, braking when a ball bounces into the road, because a child may be chasing it. Google’s self-driving cars have already clocked up over 700,000km, more than many humans ever drive;and everything they learn will become available to every other car using the software. As for the liability issue, the law should be changed to make sure that when cases arise, the courts take into account the overall safety benefits of self-driving technology.12.If the notion that the driverless car is round thecorner sounds far-fetched, remember that TV and heavier-than-air flying machines once did, too.One day people may wonder why earlier generations ever entrusted machines as dangerous as cars to operators as fallible as humans.Unit6 RomanceThe Modern Matchmakers现代红娘Internet dating sites claim to have brought scienceto the age-old question of how to pair offsuccessfully. But have they?互联网相亲网站声称已经将科技运用如何成功配对的问题之上。

报刊选读-A参考答案【考试试卷答案】

报刊选读-A 参考答案【考试试卷答案】英文报刊选读课程考试试卷答案(A) 本试卷（闭卷）适用于考试日期：试卷所需时间：120分钟；试卷总分：100分。

I. Translate the following English terms into Chinese (1%×15=15%)： 1. FBI 联邦调查局 11. cover story 封面故事 2. a Chinese-American high schooler 12. Eachnet 易趣网一位华裔美国高中生 3. Newsweek 《新闻周刊》 13. constitutional monarchy 君主立宪制 4.The Times 泰晤士报 14. Reuters 路透社 5. AP 美联社 15. U.S. House Speaker 美国众议院议长 6. cyberspeak 电脑用语或行话 7. jobless recovery 无就业复苏 8. M.I.T. 麻省理工学院 9. Dateline 电头 10. Harvard M.B.A.s 哈佛工商管理硕士 II. Reconstruct the messages of the following headlines of news stories (2%×5=10%): Example: Italian Ex-Mayor Murdered --An Italian Ex-Mayor Is Murdered 16. Mao Says (That) We Should Support the Third World Countries 17. They Were/Returned Home at Last 18. A Schoolboy Was killed in a Car Accident 19. The American/U.S. Government Has No Tolerance for Linguistic Diversity 20. A Woman Kills Her Husband and Herself III. Find out another common WORD (not a phrase or clause) to replace each underlined word in the following headlines (1%×10=10%): 21. kill 22. support 23. campaign or effort 24. help 25. unemployed 26. explosion 27. essential 28. stop 29. investigation 30. cause(s) IV . Read the following passages and then choose the right answer to each院系：专业班级：姓名：学号：装订线报刊选读-A参考答案【考试试卷答案】A. Read the following two passages and choose the best answer to each of thequestions (2%×10=20%):B. Read the following passage and answer the following five questions in Englishaccording to your understanding of the whole passage (3%×5=15%):56. It is a special feature because it is not simply reporting a latest piece ofdevelopment of G20 summit but it introduces all sides of opinions objectively, deepens the analysis of the dilemma where the current G-20 convention is met with, and presents some insightful opinions regarding the struggle that developed economies are confronting over such issues as budget cutting and sustainable growth.57. The dilemma is simply how to sustain the growth while cutting the national debt./ The dilemma is just how to rein in or reduce public spending or stimulus packages from now on while maintaining economically sustainable development over the long run. / The dilemma is how to cut the government debt without undermining the sustainable development of economy.58. The document acknowledges the risks of cutting public spending given the weakrecovery of global economy. However, this loss will be offset by potential gains such as helping stabilize bond markets, bring down interest rates as governments borrow less, and encourage more private investment.59. The emerging markets need to boost their own spending and shift to "internaldemand" for future growth, and rely less on spending from developed nations. 60. The centerpiece of the weekend's discussions was expected to be the issue thathow the developed economies stay in the course of sustainable development while having their economies restructured or reformed to strengthen this economic recovery and to boost long-term economic advancement.。

英美报刊选读复习题.doc

英美报刊选读复习题一.Reading ComprehensionPassage 1It was not "the comet of the century" experts predicted it might be. Nevertheless, Kohoutek has provided a bonanza of scientific information. It was first spotted 370 million miles from the earth, by an astronomer who was searching sky for asteroids, and after whom the comet was named. Scientists who traced Kohoutek ten month before it passed the earth predicted the comet would be a brilliant spectacle ・ But Kohoutek fell short of this prediction, disappointing millions of amateur sky watchers, when it proved too pale to be seen with the unaided eye. Researchers were delighted nonetheless with the new information they were able to glean from their investigation of the comet. Perhaps the most significant discovery was the identification of two important chemical compounds-methyl cyanide and hydrogen cyanide-never seen in comets before, but found in the far reaches of interstellar space ・ This discovery revealed new clues about the origin of comets. Most astronomers agree that comets are primordial remnant from the formation of the solar system, but whether they were born between Jupiter and Neptune or much farther out toward interstellar space has been the subject of much debate. If compounds no more complex than ammonia and methane key components of Jupiter, were see in comets, it would suggest that comets form within the planetary orbits. But more complex compounds, such as the methyl cyanide found in Kotoutek, point to formation far beyond the planets; there the deep freeze at space has kept them unchanged.1. What is the subject of the passage?( ) a. What was learned from Kohoutek ・ c. Where Kohoutek was spotted.2. Why was Kohoutek referred to as the comet of the century?(a. It was thought to be extremely old.c. Scientists predicted is would be very bright.3. In what respect was Kohoutek a disappointment?(a. It could be seen only through special equipment.c. When was the solar system fonned?d. How was the solar system formed?Passag2The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihood of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-to-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition^ to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty and surprise, and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality. Other view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg^ recent research on the cognitive process of senior managers reveals that managers intuition is neither of these ・ Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an H Aha H experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these method which run counter their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.b ・ What was disappointing about Kohoutek ・ d. How Kohoutek was tracked ・ ) b ・ It passes the earth once a century. d ・ Scientists have been tracking it for a c. It did not provide valuable scientific information.d ・ It was moving too rapidly for scientists to photograph・ 4. Before the investigation on Kotoutek, where had methyl cyanide been known to exist?( )a. In comets.b. On asteroids.c. Between Jupiter and Neptune ・ 5. According to the passage, what is one major component of Jupiter?( )a. Hydrogen cyanide ・ b ・ Methyl cyanide ・ c. Hydrogen. 6. What aspect of Kohoutek did scientists find most interesting?( ) d. Beyond the solar system. d. Ammonia. d. Its size. 7. Which of the following question is best answered by information gained from Kohoutek?( )a. Where were comets formed?b. When were comets formed?b ・ It did not approach the earth.One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking^ is inseparable from acting. Since managers often “know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. An a nalysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking action cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.Given great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issuer One implication of thinking acting cycle is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just implementing the solution.1 • According to the passage, senior manager use intuition in all of the following ways except to ______ .A.speed up the creation of a solution to a problem B・ identify a problemC. bring together disparate facts D・ stipulate clear goal2.The passage suggests which of the following about the "writers on management^ mentioned in line 11? ________A.They have criticized managers for not following the classical rational model of decision analysis.B.They have not based their analyses on a sufficiently large sample of actual managers.C.They have relied in drawing their conclusions on what managers say rather than on what managers do.D.They have misunderstood how managers use intuition in making business decisions.3.Which of the following best exemplifies "an 'Aha' experience^? ______A.A manager risks raking an action whose outcome is unpredictable to discover whether the action changes the problems at hand.B・ A manager performs well-learned and familiar Behavior patterns in creative and uncharacteristic ways to solve a problem ・ C. A manager suddenly connects seemingly unrelated facts and experiences to create a pattern relevant to the problem at hand.D・ A manager rapidly identifies the methodology used to compile data yielded by systematic analysis4.According to the passage the classical model of decision analysis includes all the following except __________ ・A.evaluation of problemB. creation of clear goals to be reached by the decisionC.establishment of clear goals to be reached by the decisionD.action undertaken in order to discover more information about a problem5・ It can be inferred from the passage that which the following would most probably be one major difference in behavior between Manager X, who uses intuition to reach decisions, and Manager Y, who uses only formal decision analysis? _____________A Manager X analyzes first and then acts; Manager Y does notB.Manager X checks possible solution to a problem by systhematic analysis; Manager does not.C.Manager X takes actionin orde to arrive at the solution to a problem; Manager Y does not.D.Manager Y draws on years of hands-on experience in creating a solution to a problem; Manager X does not.6・ It can be inferred from the passage that thinking/acting cycles (line 5, last paragraph) in managerial practice would be likely to result in which of the following __________I• A manager analyzes a network of problem and then acts on the basis of that analysis.II• A manager gathers data by acting and observing the effects of actionIII. A manager takes action without being able to articulate reasons for that particular action.A. I only.B. Il only.C. I and II.D. II and III.7. The passage provides support for which of the following statements? ________A. Managers who rely on intuition are more successful than those who rely on formal decision analysis.B・ Managers cannot justify their intuitive decisions.C.Managers1 intuition works contrary to their rational and analytical skillsD.Intuition rabies managers to employ their practical experience more efficiently・& Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph of the passage? _______A. An assertion is made and a specific supporting example is givenB・ A conventional model is dismissed and an alternative introduced・C. The results of recent research are introduced and evaluated.D・ Two opposing points of view are presented and evaluated・Passag3Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to get rid of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem - how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which uses not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs 电灯and refrigerators 冰箱as well. The system works so well that no fuel is needed to make the campus's six buildings comfortable.Some parts of most modern buildings - theaters and offices as well as classrooms - are more than sufficiently heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter . The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery^. A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University's system is the first to recover heat from buildings and reuse it in others.Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students send out more heat than female students, and the larger a student is, the more heat he produces - It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working overweight male genius.1.What is characteristic of the buildings on Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh? _______A. They are more comfortable to live in than other buildings.B. They collect body heat to regulate the temperature in side ・C. They use light bulbs to heat the classrooms.D. They consume less fuel to keep the classrooms cool.2.According to the passage, the technique of heat recovery is used _______ ・A. to provide a special form of air-conditioning B・ to provide heat for the hot water systemC. to find out the source of heat D・ to collect heat and reuse it3・The phrase “the hottest prospect^ in this passage refers to______ .A. the person who suffers most from heat B・ the person who needs more heat than othersC. the person who gives off most heat D・ the person who make better use of body heat4.Which of the following statements is NOT true according the passage? _______A. The harder a student works, the more heat he or she produces.B・ The bigger a student is, the more heat he or she sends out.C・ A girl student sends out more heat than a boy student.D・ A large and hard-working boy student gives off the most heat.5.Which of the following may be the best title for this passage? _______A.Recovery of Body Heat C. Modern Building's Heat SystemB.Body Heat and Sex D. Ways of Heating Buildings二Translate the following sentences:1 .Crackdown on loan repayment penaltiesPeople who repay loans early will get a fairer deal under changes outlined today.2.Hong Kong was hit hard by Sars and had a difficult year but is "bouncing back\ Prime Minister Tony Blair has said during his visit to the region.3.Extra places confirm faith in foundation degreesThere will be an extra 10,000 places on foundation degree courses next year, giving more people a chance to study for a vocationally-focused higher education qualification・三、Read the following short passages and choose the best answe匚Passage 1GENEVA・A 38-year-old Spanish man briefly hijacked 扌仓劫a French airliner on Majorca Sunday and threatened to blow it up to protest 抗议France's plans to resume nuclear testing, then surrendered in 投降放弃Geneva without a struggle after releasing 298 passengers and crew・ An official at Geneva's Cointrin Airport described the man as unbalanced・( )A .A Spanish man hijacked a French airline to protest France's nuclear testing・B.A Spanish man who had threatened to blow up a French airline surrendered in Geneva・C.A Spanish man who had hijacked a French airline suirendered in Geneva.Passage 2TOKYO-When Compaq Computers 康帕电脑and Dell Computer invaded 进入the Japanese market three years age with personal computers selling for half the price of the local varieties 当地品种，rival 竞争对手Japanese companies braced for trouble 准备应河•动舌L・ But instead of killing the Japanese personal computer industry, the American onslaught 猛攻liberated 放纵it・Proceed by what is known as the “Compaq Shock 康巾白冲击J Japanese manufacturers have become fiercer competitors, cutting their prices drastically. The result has been a boom in sales that is benefiting the Japanese manufacturers as much as the Americans.( )A.American and Japanese computer companies compete to win the Japanese market・B."Compaq Shock J has benefited Japanese market.C- Fierce competition between American and Japanese computer companies has helped the computer sales boom in Japan.Passage 3PARIS-A bomb 炸弹exploded at a crowded street market in Paris near the Place de la Bastille Sunday morning, leaving fourpeople slightly hurt・ The police said that the bomb, packed into a pressure cooker and hidden in a bag under a vegetable stand, did not cause greater damage because of a malfunction•功自总失常But the incident clearly left a deep impact onGovernment officials who are facing what they believe to be a campaign of terrorism directed by Islamic militants from Algeria. Police did not immediately link the bomb to three devices planted in recent weeks, which killed seven and wounded scores of others in Paris.( )A ・ A bomb blast at a Paris market hurt four people.B.four people were injured in a crowded street market in Paris..C.Terrorists planted in bomb in Paris that wounded四.cloze:A contract is an agreement between two or more people (1) ________ o ne person agrees to do something by a specified date in return for something done by (2) _______ • Usually the contract is a written document signed and dated by both (3)________ . It must state clearly the consideration, that is, what is to be given or done by one person in (4) __________ f or what is given or done by the other. If one person does (5) ________ was promised and the other does not, that other may be sued in court and required by court order to make good・ He or she (6) ______ also to be required to pay for damages suffered as a result of the failure to perform. The things (7) ________ by both parties must be stated in definite terms (8) __________ the court will hold that the contract is (9) ________ v ague and general to be enforced・(10) ______ ，the time period within which the work is to be done must be definite or the court will say that the document is not a contract.( )1. A. in which B. which C. that D. on that( )2. A. another B. other C. lhe other D. others( )3. A. parts B. people C・ parties D. aspects( )4. A. replace B・ change C. pay me nt D. exchange( )5. A. that B. what C. the thing D. something( )6. A. need B. has C.ought D. may( )7. A. to be done B. to do C.done D. being done( )& A. and B. or C. else D. so( )9. A. so B. too C・ rather D・ over( )10. A. Similar B. The same C. Similarly D. Too英美报刊选读复习题答案Reading ComprehensionPassage 1: l.A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.APassage 2：l.D 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.D &BPassage 3: l.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A二Translate the following sentences:1.严罚贷款不偿还行为今天已提出纲要对提前偿还贷款者将获相当的报酬2.Tony Blair在访问这一地区时说：香港因SARS遭受巨大打击，度过重重困难岁月，但目前经济已经回升。

英美报刊阅读教程文章 feeling at home summarise

y Some Immigrants Settle in Faster Than Others为何同样移民，有的适应当地就比他人快？ Both immigrants and host country are contradictory for the way they live together. Immigrants want to feel at home but keep their original things ,while the host countries want them to integrate but some hope they can go home.In some degree,United States is more comprehensive than Europe.
There are smaller groups of immigrants` children do far better than others.A recent study indicate the cause for this phenomenon is their parental background.In addition,an immigrant children also had some handicaps,they couldn`t ask for help from their parents.Not surprisingly,then,the children of the educated and skilled rise more easily than the children of the rural unskilled,and the second group has problems in the job market for some raeson.

英美报刊选读英美报刊选读期末考试题

英美报刊选读英美报刊选读期末考试题导读：就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“英美报刊选读期末考试题”资讯，希望对您有所帮助，感谢您对的支持!I. Read the following short passages and choose the best answer.(20 % )Passage1GENEV GENEVA-A A-A 38-year-old Spanish man briefly hijacked 抢劫a French airliner on Majorca Sunday and threatened to blow it up to protest 抗议France’s plans to resume nuclear testing, then surrendered in 投降放弃投降放弃 Geneva without a struggle after releasing 298 passengers and crew. An official at Geneva’s Cointrin Airport described the man as unbalanced.a ． A Spanish man hijacked a French airline to protest France’s nuclear testing.b. A Spanish man who had threatened to blow up a French airline surrendered in Geneva.c. A Spanish man who had hijacked a French airline surrendered in Geneva.Passage 2TOKYO-When Compaq Computers 康帕电脑 and Dell Computer invaded 进入the Japanese market three years age with personal computers selling for half the price of the local varieties 当地品种, rival竞争对手竞争对手Japanese companies braced for trouble 准备应付动乱. But instead of killing the Japanese personal computer industry, the American onslaught 猛攻猛攻liberated 放纵it. Proceed by what is known as the “Compaq Shock 康帕冲击,” Japanese manufacturers have become fiercer competitors, cutting their prices drastically. The result has been a boom in sales that is benefiting the Japanese manufacturers as much as the Americans.a. American and Japanese computer companies compete to win the Japanese market.b. “Compaq Shock,” has benefited Japanese market.c. Fierce competition between American and Japanese computer companies has helped the computer sales boom in Japan.Passage 3PARIS-A bomb 炸弹exploded at a crowded street market in Paris near the Place de la Bastille Sunday morning, leaving four people slightly hurt. The police said that the bomb, packed into a pressure cooker and hidden in a bag under a vegetable stand, did not cause greater damage because of a malfunction.功能失常功能失常 But the incident clearly left a deep impact on Governmentofficials who are facing what they believe to be a campaign of terrorism directed by Islamic militants from Algeria. Police did not immediately link the bomb to three devices planted in recent weeks, which killed seven and wounded scores of others in Paris.a ． A bomb blast at a Paris market hurt four people.b. four people were injured in a crowded street market in Paris..c. Terrorists planted in bomb in Paris that woundedPassage 4UNITED NATIONS-The United Nations has run out of money to pay its regular operating expenses and is being forced to borrow from peacekeeping funds, which are also strained, an American accounting expert in charge of financial management here told a General Assembly committee Tuesday.a. UN is short of cash.b. UN is borrowing from peacekeeping funds.c. UN cannot pay regular operating expenses.Passage 5Eight people were killed as forest fires ripped through eastern Spain on Monday, destroying thousands hectares of land and forcing theevacuation of hundreds of people, officials said.a ． Forest fires destroyed land and killed 8 people.b. Hundreds of people were forced to leave their land because of forestfires.c. Eight people died in for fires that hit eastern Spain.II. Read the following news and choose the best answer. ( 60% )Passage 1Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to get rid of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem – how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which uses not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs 电灯and refrigerators 冰箱冰箱as well. The system works so well that no fuel is needed to make the campus’s six buil dings comfortable.Some parts of most modern buildings – theaters and offices as well as classrooms classrooms –– are more than sufficiently heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter . The technique of saving heat and redistr saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery”. A few modern ibuting it is called “heat recovery”. A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University’s system is the first to recover heat from buildings and reuse it in others.Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students send out more heat than female students, and the larger a student is, the more heat he produces . It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working overweight male genius.1. What is characteristic of the buildings on Johnstown campus of theUniversity of Pittsburgh? BA. They are more comfortable to live in than other buildings.B. They collect body heat to regulate the temperature inside.C. They use light bulbs to heat the classrooms.D. They consume less fuel to keep the classrooms cool.2. According to the passage, the technique of heat recovery is used__D______.A. to provide a special form of air-conditioningB. to provide heat for the hot water systemC. to find out the source of heatD. to collect heat and reuse it3. The phrase “the hottest prospect” in this passage refers to __C______.A. the person who suffers most from heatB. the person who needs more heat than othersC. the person who gives off most heatD. the person who make better use of body heat4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according the passage?CA. The harder a student works, the more heat he or she produces.B. The bigger a student is, the more heat he or she sends out.C. A girl student sends out more heat than a boy student.D. A large and hard-working boy student gives off the most heat.5. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?AA. R A. Recovery of Body Heat C. Modern Building’s Heat System ecovery of Body Heat C. Modern Building’s Heat SystemB. Body Heat and SexD. Ways of Heating BuildingsPassage 2The Earth has a force that pulls thing toward itself. W e call this force gravity. This is something we live with all the time, and we take it for granted and hardly ever think about it . But it is a most important factor in rocket operation and must overcome if we are to get anywhere in space,or off the ground at all.Take the throwing of a ball as an example. The harder the ball is thrown, the faster and higher it will go. What is the secret? Its speed. If we could throw the ball hard enough it would go up and up forever and never come down. The speed at which it would have to be thrown do this is known as escape speed. Of course, we cannot throw a ball hard enough because the speed required to escape completely from the Earth’s gravity is seven miles per second, or over twenty-five thousand miles per hour.Once escape speed has been reached by a spacecraft, no further power is needed. A rocket aimed at the Moon, for instance, will ‘coast’ （滑行） the rest of the way because the Earth’s gravity cannot then pull it back, and there is no air resistance in space to slow it down. This ‘coasting’ is known as ‘free fall’.自由落体自由落体 That does not mean the rocket is falling down towards the Earth but that it is traveling freely in space without the aid of power, like a bicycle coasting downhill.Free fall is an important feature of space travel: it would be impossible to carry enough fuel to provide powered flight all the time.6. What is the most important factor for a rocket to escape from theEarth?BA. To travel as fast as it can.B. To overcome the Earth’s gravity.C. To reduce the air resistance.D. To carry enough fuel with it.7. How fast will a rocket go to escape completely from the Earth’s gravity? DA. Seventy miles per second.B. Seven thousand miles per hour.C. Twenty-five thousand miles per second.D. Twenty-five thousand miles per hour.8. As there is always the Earth’s gravitational pull, people A________.A. accept it without questioning itB. never notice its presenceC. seldom think about how to use itD. often try to escape from it9. When a bicycle ‘coasts’ downhill, it __B______.A. runs faster and fasterB. runs freely without any further powerC. is no longer affected by the Earth’s gravityD. does not meet with air resistance10. Why is it not necessary to provide powered flight in space all the time?CA. Few spacecraft complete their flight operations.B. The spacecraft will be attracted by the Moon.C. No further power is needed after the escape speed is reached.D. ‘Free fall’ takes the place of the Earth’s gravitational pull.Passage 3Crime is a very serious problem in Britain. One sort of crime which particularly worries people is juvenile delinquency – that is, crimescommitted by young people. For some years juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪had been increasing. There are two main sorts of juvenile crimes:stealing and violence. Most people do not understand why young peoplecommit these crimes. There are, I think, a large number of differentreasons.。

英语报刊阅读测试三

考试科目：英美报刊选读考试时间：120分钟试卷总分100分题号PartI60%PartII30%PartIII10%卷面分100%折合分70%平时分30%总分得分评卷教师得分一、Reading Comprehension(60%)Passage 1The rules of etiquette in restaurants depend upon a number of factors: the physical location of the restaurant, e. g. rural or urban? the type of the restaurants e. g. informal or formal; and certain standards that are more universal. In other words, some standards of etiquette vary significantly while other standards apply almost anywhere. Learning the proper etiquette in a particular type of restaurant in a particular area may sometimes require instruction, but more commonly it simply requires sensitivity and experience. For example, while it is acceptable to read a magazine in a coffee shop, it is inappropriate to do the same in a more luxurious setting. And if you are eating in a very rustic setting it may be fine to tuck your napkin into your shirt, but if you are in a sophisticated urban restaurant this behavior would demonstrate-alack of sophistication. It is safe to say, however, that in virtually every restaurant it is unacceptable to indiscriminately throw your food on the floor. The conclusion we can most likely draw from the above is that while the types and locations of restaurants determine etiquette appropriate to them, some rules apply to all restaurants.1. What Is the main purpose of the passage?a. To point out the differences between rules of etiquette in different countries.b. To teach the reader how to tuck a napkin in his/her shirt.c. To help people from rustic areas learn.d. To explain that standards of etiquette are both variable and universal.2. According to the passage, which of the following is a universal rule of etiquette? .a. Tucking a napkin in your shirt.b. Not throwing food on the floor.c. Reading a magazine at a coffee shop.d. Eating in rustic settings.3. What does the word “it” in line 8 refer to?a. Proper etiquette.b. Clear instruction.c. Type of restaurantsd. Sensitivity.4. Which of the following words has the meaning most similar to that of “rustic” in line 11?a. Agriculturalb. Ancient.c.Unsophisticated.d.UrbanPassage 2The most interesting architectura l phenomenon of the 1970’s was the enthusiasm for refurbishing older buildings. Obviously, this was not an entirely new phenomenon. What is new is the wholesale in reusing the past, in recycling in adaptive rehabilitation. A few trial efforts, such as Ghirardilli Square in San Francisco, proved their financial viability in the 1960`s. But it was in the 1970`s, with strong government support through tax incentives arid rapid depreciation, as Well as growing interest in ecology issues, that recycling became a major factor on the urban scene. One of the most comprehensive ventures was the restoration and transformation of Boston's eighteenth century Faneuil Hall and the Quincy Market, designed in 1824. This section had fallen on hard times, but beginning with the construction of a new city hall immediately adjacent, it has returned to life with the intelligent reuse of these fine old buildings under the design leadership of Benjamin Thompson. He has provided a marvelous setting for dining, shopping, professional office, and simply walking.Butler Square, in Minneapolis, exemplifies major changes in its complex of offices, commercial space, and, public amenities carved out of a massive pile designed in 1906 as a hardware warehouse. The exciting interior timber structure of the building was highlighted by cutting light courts through the interior and adding large skylights.San Antonio, Texas, offers an big object lesson for numerous other cities combating urban decay gather than bringing in the bulldozers, San Antonio`s leaders rehabilitated, existing structures, while simultaneously cleaning up the San Antonio River which meanders through the business district.l. What is the main idea of the passage?a. During the 1970`s, old buildings in many cities were recycled for modern use.a.Recent interest in ecology issues has led to the cleaning up of many rivers.c. The San Antonio example show3 that bulldozers are not the way to right urban decay.d. Strong government support has made adaptive rehabilitation a reality in Boston2. What is the space at Quinsy Market now used for?a. Boston's new city hall.b. Sports and recreational facilities.c. Commercial and industrial Warehouses.d. Restaurants, offices, and stores.3. According, to the passage, Benjamin Thompson was the designer for a project in_____.a. San Franciscob. Bostonc. Minneapolis.d. San Antonio4. When was the Butler Square building originally built?a. In the eighteenth century.b. In the early nineteenth century.c. In the late nineteenth century.d. In the early twentieth century.5. What is the author's opinion of the San Antonio's project?a. It is clearly the best of the projects discussed.b. It is a good project that could be copied in other cities.c. The extensive use of bulldozers made the project unnecessarily costly.d. The work done on the river was more important than the work done on the buildings.6. In which of the following ways does the passage state that the San Antonio project differed from those in Boston and Minneapolis?a. It consisted primarily of new construction.b. It occurred in the business district.c. It involved the environment as well as buildings.d. It was designed to combat urban decay.Passages 3If half of the water were to be drained from the Pacific Ocean, a curious kind of submarine mountain called Guyot would be exposed. Guyots are strange formation that resembles mushroom stalks with flat tops. More than six hundred and fifty of these volcanic stalks have been discovered in the Pacific Ocean and a few others have been discovered in the Atlantic sea plains.It is easy to suppose that the Guyots were formed by underwater lava spouts that piled up volcanic debris over the years but just how they acquired their curiously flattops remains a mystery. Shallow-water fossils found embedded in the tops of some Guyots suggest that one time the flat caps were much nearer the ocean's surface, but beyond this there is little that scientist can say.One attempt to account for the flat tops .suggests that the ocean levels were once much lower than they are today; thus wave action might have smoothed away the original peaks. Another theory holds that the Guyots have probably always had flat tops and that their weight has pushed them slightly toward the ocean floor, causing them to slowly submerge. But, these are only theories. The Guyots are still a geophysical puzzle.1.Scientists a re puzzled by the Guyots’.a.mushroom-like5 appearanceb. curious flat topsc. origind. location2. Most of the Guyots are located __________.a. in the Pacific Ocean .b. near the coast of Indiac. on Atlantic sea plainsd. both a and b3. Guyots were probably formed by __________.a. underwater lava spoutsb. shifts of ocean floorc. the action of ocean currentsd. none of the above4. The discovery of shallow-water fossils indicates that the Guyots were .a. flattened by the action of wavesb. once much nearer the surface of the oceanc. near dry landd. near lowlandPassage 4The first and decisive step in the expansion of Europe overseas was the conquest of the Atlantic Ocean. That the nation to achieve this should be Portugal was the logical outcome of her geographical position and her history. Placed on the extreme margin of the old classical Mediterranean world and facing the untraversed ocean, Portugal could adapt and develop the knowledge and experience of the past to meet the challenge of the unknown. Some centuries of navigating the coastal waters of western Europe and Northern Africa had prepared Portuguese seamen to appreciate the problems which the ocean presented and to apply and develop the methods necessary to overcome them. From the seamen of the Mediterranean, particularly those of Genoa and Venice, they had learned the organization and conduct of mercantile marine, and from Jewish astronomers and Catalan mapmakers the rudiments of navigation. Largely when her increasing and vigorous population was making heavy demands on her resources, Portugal turned southwards and westwards for opportunities of trade and commerce. At this moment of national destiny it was fortunate for her that in men of caliber of Prince Henry, known as the Navigator, and King JohnⅡ she found resolute and dedicated leaders.The problems to be faced were new and complex The conditions for navigation and commerce in the Mediterranean were relatively simple, compared with those in the western seas. The landlocked Mediterranean, tideless and with a climatic regime of regular and well-defined seasons, presented few obstacles to sailors who were the heirs of great body of sea lore garnered from the experiences of many centuries. What hazards there were, in the form of sudden storms or dangerous coasts, were known and could be usually anticipated. Similarly the Mediterranean coasts, though they might be for long periods in the hands of the dangerous rivals, were described in sailing directions or laid down on the Portulan charts drawn by Venetian and Genoese. Problems of determining positions at sea, which confronted the Portuguese, did not arise. Though the Mediterranean seamen by no means restricted themselves to coastal sailing, the latitudinal extent of the Mediterranean was not great, and voyages could be conducted from point to point on compass bearings; the ships were never so far from land as to make it necessary to fix their positions in latitude by astronomical observations. Having made a landfall on a bearing, they could determine their precise position from prominent landmarks, surroundings or the nature of the seabed, after reference to the sailing directions orcharts.By contrast, the pioneers of ocean navigation faced much greater difficulties. The western ocean which extended according to the speculations of the cosmographers, through many degrees of latitude and longitude, was an unknown quantity, but certainly. subjected to wide variation of weather and without known bounds. Those who first ventured out over its waters did so without benefit of sailing directions or traditional lore. As the Portuguese sailed southwards, they left behind them the familiar constellations in the heavens by which they could determine direction and the hours of the night, and particularly the pole-star from which by a simple operation they could determine their latitude. Along the unknown coasts they were threatened by shallows, hidden banks, rocks and contrary winds and currents, with no knowledge of convenient shelter to ride out of storms or of very necessary watering places. It is little wonder that these pioneers dreaded the thought of being forced on to a lee shore or of having to choose between these inshore dangers and the unrecorded perils of the open sea.l. Before the expansion of Europe overseas could take placea. vast sums of money had to be raisedb. an army had to be recruitedc. the Atlantic Ocean had to be conqueredd. ships had to be built2. One of the Portugal’s leader known as the Nav igator, was in reality .a. Christopher Columbusb. King JohnⅡc. a venetiand. Prince Henry3. Portugal was adapt at exploring unknown waters because she possessed all of the following except .a. past experienceb. experienced navigatorsc. experienced mapmakersd. expensive trade routes.4. In addition to possessing the necessary resources for exploration y Portugal was the logical country for this task because of her _______.a. wealthb. navigational positionc. geographical positiond. prominence5. The Portuguese earned navigational .methods and procedures from all of the following excepta. Jewsb. Catalansc. Genoesed. Aegeans6. Mediterranean seamen generally kept close to shore becausea. The latitudinal extent of the Mediterranean was not greatb. they were afraid of piratesc. they feared being forced to a lee shored. they lacked navigational ability7. Hazards such as sudden storms and dangerous coasts werea. predicable risksb. unknown risksc. unknown to the aread. a major threat to navigation8. Sailing close to the coast enabled seaman toa. reach their destination fasterb. navigate without sailing directionc. determine their position from landmarksd. determine their longitude and latitudeCloze 5The Academy Awards are 1 awards 2 by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for achievement in various 3 of filmmaking. 4 are selected by their 5 (for example, cinematographers nominate cinematographers and producers nominate producers), and the winners are chosen in secret 6 by a vote of the full academy membership. About two dozen awards are given for American films, 7 which the most famous are those for best performance 8 an actor and actress, best director, and best picture. The academy also presents an award for the best foreign film and sometimes presents special awards.9 the awards ceremony, televised each spring, a gold statuette is presented to each winner. This famous 10 o f professional success was dubbed “Oscar” in 1931 11 a subsequent executive director of the academy, Margaret Herrick, who thought 12 resembled her uncle Oscar.The first Academy Awards were presented in 1929, 13 Paramount’s Wings(1928) taking the best-picture prize. Since then Oscars have been awarded to many film 14 . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's Ben-Hur(1959) with 11 awards. 15 the record for the most won by any one film. Animate Walt Disney has won the most Oscars, with 26. Actress Katharine Hepburn and director John Ford each hold four awards. Director Frank Capra and William Wyler, actress Ingrid Bergman, and actor Walter Brennan are triple award winners.1. a. yearly b. annualc. timelyd. continuing2. a. presented b. submittedc. givend. sent3. a. sorts b .kindsc. categoriesd. groups ,4. a. Actresses b. Namesc. Actorsd. Nominees5. a. colleagues b. supervisorsc. directorsd. examiners6. a. election b. ballotc. meetingd. conference7. a. in b. atc. ofd. with8. a. by b. ofc. ind. from9. a. Through b. Onc. Fromd. At10. a. mark b. signc. symbold. symptom11. a. with b. fromc. atd. by12. a. it b. hec. theyd. the man13. a. by b. inc. withd. of14. a. men b. personsc. peoplesd. personalities15. a. obtains b. holdsc. getsd. achieves得分二、Translate the following sentences: (30%)1.Frequently asked questions about Social Security’s future; how we can meet its long-term financing challenges.2.President’s Commission to Strengthen Social Security3.The country’s priorities for international policy over the next five to ten years are set out in a new strategy paper.4.A new document setting out how the Government will help to tackle the global challenge of HIV/AIDS has been launched today to mark World Aids Day.5.Don’t ignore debt problem says new campaign得分三．Answer the following question:What are about “The Inverted Pyramid” in reading American & British News Publications?答案部分：一、Reading ComprehensionPassage 1：1.d 2.d 3.b 4.d 5.b 6.cPassage 3：1.b 2.b 3.a 4.cPassage 2：1.a 2.a 3.a 4.bPassage 4：1.c 2.d 3.d 4.c 5.d 6.a 7.a 8.cCloze 5：1.b 2.a 3.c 4. d 5.a 6.b 7.c 8.b 9.d 10.c11.d 12.a 13.c 14.d 15.b二、Translate the following sentences:1.不断追问将来的社会保险问题，我们怎样才能迎接长时期的财经挑战。

英美报刊选读All that glitters is gold for America's man on a mission

• Phelps holds the record for the most gold medals won in a single Olympics, his eight at the 2008 Beijing Games surpassed American swimmer Mark Spitz’s sevengold performance at Munich in 1972.
• His five golds in individual events tied the single Games record set by Eric Heiden in the 1980 Winter Olympics and equaled by Vitaly Scherbo at the 1992 Summer Games. Phelps career Olympic medal total is second only to the 18 Soviet gymnast Larissa Latynina won over three Olympics, including nine gold.
About the passage
Read the passage to answer the following questions:
1. When did Phelps decide to take swimming as his career? 2. Why does China choose Aug. 8th to hold the opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympic Games? 3. Was Mr. Bowman successful in his early days as a swimming coach?

同济大学英美报刊选读期末考试资料

同济大学英美报刊选读期末考试必备资料（由河清海晏整理）Part One1.What is news? What are some categories of news?2.What is news value? What are some basic elements of news value?3.What are the functions of the newspaper?4.What are the features of a front page in a newspaper?5.What are the main features of headlines in Lexis, Grammar and Rhetoric?6.How do news magazines differ from newspapers in layout and news coverage?7.What is news lead? What are direct lead and delayed lead?8.What is the body structure of a news story? What are advantages of it?9.What are the difference between tabloids and broadsheets? (at least four aspects)10.What are the main functions of mass communication for society?11.How to deal with new words in reading newspapers and magazines?12.What is communication? What are the forms of communication?13.What is the code of ethics for journalists?14.What is journalism? What does the study of journalism include?15.What is the definition of news agency? What are the major news agencies in America and Britain?16.What are the benefits obtained via appreciating the language of English news?17.What is privacy? What actions can be regarded as invasion of privacy?18.Give a brief account of the general communication process19.What is Yellow Journalism？20.What is hard news? What is soft news? How to distinguish between them?ANSWERS AND PERFECT VERSION:PLEASE CONTACT : NINE SIX ONE TWO THREE TWO EIGHT FOUR ONE(qqnumber)Part TwoAPEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济合作组织API Air Pollution Index 空气污染指数ATM Automatic Teller Machine 自动取款(出纳)机BBS Bulletin Board System 电子布告栏系统CFO Chief Financial Officer 首席财务官CIA Central Intelligence Agency (美国)中央情报局CPI Consumer Price Index 消费价格指数DJIA Dow Jones Industrial Average (美国) 道琼斯工业平均指数FIFA International Federation of Football Association 国际足球联盟IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织IPR intellectual property right 知识产权ISO International Standards Organization 国际标准化组织NGO Non-Government Organization 非政府组织NMD National Missile Defense 国家导弹防御系统NPC National People's Congress 全国人民代表大会NYSE New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织PPI Producer Price Index 生产者物价指数SOE State-Owned Enterprise 国有企业UPI United Press International 美国合众国际社。

报刊选读课件(The Decline of Neatness)

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The only official editorial that Time has ever published was in 1974, calling for the resignation of Richard Nixon.
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Amere with a long tradition. American dress is distinctive because of its casualness. The idea of “casual Friday”.

4.Disheveled is in fashion; neatness is obsolete.
时下流行的是衣冠不整，服饰整洁以不合时宜。 5.No generation has strained harder than ours to affect a casual, relaxed, cool look. 没有哪一代人像我们这一代这样努力装出一副随便、轻松、酷的样子。

6.None has succeeded more spectacularly in looking as though it had been stamped out by cookie cutters. 没有拿一代人如此出奇成功地塑造出看上去犹如饼干模子压出来一样的形象。

7. The attempt to avoid any appearance of being-groomed or even neat…deprivation.

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Time was created in 1923 by Briton Hadden and Henry Luce, making it the first weekly news magazine in the United States. The two had previously worked together as chairman and managing editor of the Yale Daily News. Hadden was a rather carefree figure, who liked to tease Luce and saw Time as something important but also fun. That accounts for its tone, which many people still criticize as too light for serious news and more suited to its heavy coverage of celebrities (including politicians), the entertainment industry, and pop culture. It set out to tell the news through people, and for many decades the magazine's cover was of a single person. The first issue of Time was published on March 3, 1923, featuring on its cover Joseph G. Cannon, the retired Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. People was originally inspired by Time's People page.

英美报刊选读7

Britain's drift from EuropeThe Stone Raft?From the Economist of January 22, 2013,In “A Jangada de Pedra” (The Stone Raft) the Portuguese writer José Saramago imagines Iberia literally breaking off from the rest of Europe. The earth trembles, the Pyrenees split and the peninsula floats across the open Atlantic. The novel dramatises Spanish and Portuguese insecurities about their place in “Europe”, a term that they—like Britons—tend to use in the third person.Uproar breaks out in capitals on the European mainland; thecontinent‟s politicians demand that Iberia‟s leaders do something to halt the process. In one passage, the Portuguese prime minister addresses his country:“These developments have exposed the serious internal contradiction in the debates among the governments of Europe, to which we no longer belong. […] But instead of supporting us and showing their true humanity and genuine awareness of European culture, those governments decided to make us the scapegoats for their internal problems, with their absurd demands that we arrest the drifting peninsula, although it would have been more fitting and accurate to speak of navigating.”David Cameron will shortly deliver a not-entirely-dissimilar address to the people of the UK. As Bagehot has previously noted, Brit ain‟s geopolitical drift from the European continent seems unstoppable: a force of nature. Voters overwhelmingly tell pollsters they want the government to renegotiate the country‟s membership of the European Union. They want fewer meddlesome rules on bendy bananas, bungs to French farmers and brakes on Bri tain‟s liberal market economy.The prime minister has indulged this view with talk—bound to feature heavily in his speech—of a “new settlement”. As thingsstand, a minority of voters say they would support continued EU membership in an immediate referendum. But a majority say they would if Mr Cameron were to protect Britain‟s interests by renegotiating the terms. Perhaps half of the Conservative parliamentary party, gathered around the Fresh Start research project, are similarly inclined. A comfortable …yes‟ vote in the referendum that the prime minister will almost certainly promise in his speech depends on renegotiation. And there‟s the rub. Europe‟s governments, not unlike those in “A Jangada da Pedra”, are deeply concerned at their neighbour‟s drift. They have their own internal problems: most notably, the euro-zone crisis. They consider Mr Cameron‟s attempt to steer his country to more distant waters a nuisance (or, in the words of one Merkel ally, “blackmail”). He in turn is irritated at their intransigence, their "absurd demands" that Britons commit wholeheartedly to the European project.In reality, any renegotiation will be minor and will carry a hefty diplomatic price tag. Even the opt-outs put forward by the Fresh Start group last week are relatively marginal, barely touching the economic and social integration at the core of Britain's EU membership. Yet even these require five treaty changes. The group‟s leaders talk reassuringly aboutsympathetic, reform-minded European neighbours (the Germans in particular) but struggle to name one proposal with the clear support of another member state. Their suggested “nuclear option”—British self-exemption from existing EU rules—is unlikely to prove constructive.Talk of such an option betrays the real difficulty: Westminster struggles to understand the vast political project creaking into life across the English Channel. For Britain, the relationship with the EU is transactional. For those nations at the core of Europe, a sense of shared destiny oils the wheels of compromise. The French-German partnership, reaffirmed today in Berlin, rests on intense, regular dealmaking, a habit honed through cohabitation and coalition-building in domestic politics. It transcends ideological differences (such as those between Angela Merkel and François Hollande) in a way that befuddles Britons. The next burst of political and economic integration, likely to begin in earnest after September‟s German election, will advance it much further.Hence the bafflement amongst Britain‟s neighbours. The notion of outright, near-unilateral demands—a “shopping list” is the term used by the London press—is about as far removedfrom the agenda in Paris, Berlin and Brussels as it is possible to be. Yet it lies at the heart of Mr Cameron‟s plan to keep Britain in the EU. Small wonder, then, that the plan looks shaky. In parts of London tonight a slight smell of rotten eggs hangs in the air; evidence of a fire at a chemical factory in Rouen, in northern France, earlier today. Evidence, too, that the “continent”—still—lies a few dozen miles off the south coast of England. Politically, though, Britain increasingly resembles a stone raft. The content of today‟s speech may decide whether the institutional partnerships that tether it to the mainland will still be there in five years.。

英美报刊选读笔记

Explanation 1. In the air = current; in circulation 2. review = survey, re-examine 3. heighten = become more intense 4. hazard = n. danger, risk 5. preposterous a. = absurd荒谬的 6. legitimate a. = reasonable 正当的；合理的 2. Amount to = be equal to / equivalent to 相当于 3. tentatively adv. = not definitely 不果断的 4. 3. controversial= likely to cause controversy 引起争议的 5. 4-6 Exert v. = apply sth.应用 6. minuscule adj. = very small , tiny 7. consensus n. = common agreement 8. wallop v. = heavy blow buttress v. = support加强 9. ionize v. 使电离成离子 molecule n. 分子
2. The view-point of the EPA is [A]. there is casual link between electricity and cancer. 3. [B]. electricity really affects cancer. [C]. controversial. 4. [D].low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible causesue n. 动植物组织 blistering a. = sharp , severe 尖刻的 imprimatur n. permission / approval 批准；认可 carcinogen n. 致癌物 clog v. = block 阻塞 plummeting a. = fall down steeply be afflicted with = cause trouble to sb. 使苦恼 prudent adj. = foresight 有先见之明的

英美报刊选读答案(L10-21)

Answer key for Lesson 10V.CABDCVI.1.Richard Atkinson investigated the problems by personally reading the manuals and sampletests to review and assess the verbal and mathematical questions. Besides, he visited schools to find students’ responses to SAT exams.2.After the investigation, he proposed that SAT I should be scrapped. His proposal has caused ahuge stir on campuses nationwide and rekindled long-standing arguments about the test.3.The College Board argues that SAT measures the sort of higher-order math andliterary-reasoning skills that students need to succeed in college and later in life and that the test correlates well with freshman-year college grades.4.They have adopted college admission systems based in part on class is automatically admittedto state universities.5.Their worry is that it is only a matter of time before there is pressure to scrap subject-areatests and getting rid of the SAT is the first step in a wretched direction.6.SAT I refers to the tests on higher-order math and literary-reasoning skills. Many critics thinkthe questions are confusing and verbal analogies too obscure. SAT II refers to the subject-specific achievement tests which measure knowledge in such areas as writing, math, physics, history and foreign language.7.The test debate will not die down anytime soon.Answer key for Lesson 11V.B C B A DVI.1.The insurance company has refused Lorraine Hiskey’s medical bill, because the companyclaimed that her treatment was “experimental”.2.Politicians have focused attention on the 35 million Americans who have no health coverage.3.The kind of medical care deemed experimental, unproven, unnecessery or to inappropriate isdenied coverage。

《英美报刊选读》答案

《英美报刊选读》一、教学目的通过本课程的学习，使学员对英美报刊有一个清晰的了解，认识英美报刊语言、文体、词汇、语法等基本特点，掌握英美报刊阅读的基本知识及技巧，为独立阅读英美报刊打下良好的基础。

二、教材特点与该课程旧教材（第1版）相比，本教材具有以下特点：1．为使学生改变以往依赖教师和英汉词典的学习习惯，培养他们独自排解疑难词语的能力，编者不但向他们推荐工具书，并教授他们使用方法；为使他们能加深对词汇的记忆，还介绍词法和重要词根及词缀。

2．为使学生掌握必要的新闻词语和扩大词汇量，本书在“新闻词语解说”中尽量结合课文，讲透疑难词语。

此外还列出一些与这些词语或课文内容有关的课外词汇。

3．为使学生掌握必要的读报知识，本书在“背景知识”中尽量结合课文，介绍重要的并时常见诸报端的人物、党派和组织机构等，并举例说明其重要性。

4．为使学生对新闻写作有一个大致的认识，加深对课文的理解，编者较系统地说明标题的若干特点，对新闻体裁的分类、导语和写作特点及常语等做了简介。

三、教学内容《英美报刊选读》为省开课程。

1．授课内容：重点为第1、3、4、5、6、8、13、15、17、19、20、21、24、28、30课（共15课），其它内容主要供自学。

2．课时安排：a) 学员自学：2学时/周，共30学时学完15课。

b)面授辅导：4学时/次，共4次。

每学时辅导一课，最后一学时复习。

3．作业：共四次，在湖北电大网站英语本科网页上下载，课后完成，交辅导教师批改，评分，作为平时成绩的主要依据。

学员完成作业后，可浏览网页上的“答案及详解”，以加深理解，检查自己掌握的情况四、教学建议教师授课时应以学生为中心，鼓励学生自己去探索和获取知识。

在上课时，可要求学生先回答每课后的练习题——Questions,使他们基本了解课文的主要内容。

然后，再逐段或跳跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式讲解。

如果备课充分，学生的英语水平又高，教员可采用美英教员教授母语的方法，抛开课本或讲义，只讲有关课文的重点词语、背景知识和写作手法等。

英美报刊阅读平时测验2答案.doc

Quiz TwoPart L Choose the best one whose meaning is similar to underlined part.1.Vietnam experience has been on the minds of Americans from the day when George Bush dispatched troops to Saudi Arabia last August.AA.sentB. performedC. scatteredD. dismissed2.American social contract is fluid, rapidly changing, post-modernist, just as theAmerican gene and culture pool is turbulently new every day.AA.violently and disorderlyB. hardly and lawlesslyC. roughly and bitterlyD. excitedly and noisily3.Rather than merely providing a shelter, homeless advocates are weaving a web.BA.recipientsB. supportersC. advisersD. wanders4.We have today a whole young society that has not been called to conscience.DA.shameB. dutyC. small voiceD. moral sense5.In New York the papers had been filled with anguished concern about white racism and black poverty. CA. deepB. anxiousC. painfulD. worried6.The homicide rate among blacks in the United States is more than ten times that of whites.CA. crimeB. deathC. murderD. violent7.Jews too have found that in a climate that seems to tolerate intolerance, incidents of harassment are on the rise. AA. troubleB. attackC. hasteD. harsh8.The compact embraces principles of justice, openness and discipline that are meant to form the foundatio n of a "community learning”. AA. includesB. gripsC. welcomesD. hugs9.In the process, they are learning invaluable lessons about what should be paid attention to. CA. valuelessB. expensiveC. preciousD. costly10.1 am acutely aware of the burdens drug enforcement places upon us.DA. fullyB. sensitivelyC. accuratelyD. keenly11.The best way to help seniors bent on working may be to remove obstacles in their paths.A. afraid to workB. unwilling to workC. ready to workD. determined to work12.The confession of the terrible crime stunned the city.A. saddenedB. strengthenedC. weakenedD. shocked13.The economy will suffer if the current skyrocketing oil prices continue.A. risingB. flyingC. divingD. falling14.The plastics industry scrambled to support recycling mostly out of fear that its ubiquitous products will otherwise be banned.A. low qualityB. seen everywhereC. environment- unfriendlyD. cheap and light15.New Jerseyans turned out a Democratic legislature after the biggest tax boost in state history.A. reductionB. dropC. hikeD. fallPart IL Reading: Choose the best answer according to the passages.Free Scotland and Wales!Prosperity rekindles talk of independenceEmperor Hadrian erected a 118-kilometer wall across Britain in the early second century to protect Roman England from the unruly tribes of Scotland. Today's Scots think they are the ones who need the wall. In recent years they have quietly built their economy into a powerhouse. The valley between Glasgow and Edinburgh ("Silicon Glen”)now bo asts the highest concentration of high-tech companies outside California, and Scotland also covers 21 percent of Western Europe's oil needs. As decrepit smokestacks have given way to glittering oil-drilling facilities and slick electronics plants, deep-seated Scottish resentment of the English has emerged. According to a poll last week,78 percent of Scots favor some form of devolution from London; one in three wants complete independence.In Wales, too, economic success has suffused the population with self-confidence. Though it accounts for just 5 percent of Britain's total population, Wales has attracted 20 percent of the country's foreign in vestment- £3.1 billion. This has helped the region cut its unemployment rate from 15 percent in 1985 to 8 percent this year. Much of the investment came from Japan; companies like Sony and Sharp have poured more money into Wales than into any other area outside Japan the United States. And as in Scotland, the spirit of independence spreading: almost a third of all Welshmen now want to secede.London can blame Brussels for some of this secessionist fever. Much of the new prosperity in Scotland and Wales is the result of a European Community rule that microchips must be manufactured, not just assembled, in the EC if they are to avoid tariffs. Along with some generous incentives from the Thatcher government, the directive encouraged many Japanese giants to set up shop in Scotland and Wales, whose laborers earn little and work hard."We're very pleased with the quality of the work force,” says an executive with Toyota, which plans to open a plant in Wales. The EC also flattered Scots when it named Glasgow the "European City of Culture” for 1990-an honor previously reserved for such pearls as Paris and Florence.Such attention from abroad has helped persuade the Scots and the Welsh that soon they will be able to do without the heavy English subsidies that for centuries have tied them to Westminster. Now they are seeking structures that would bring them closer to Brussels. Scotland has already taken steps in that direction. Two weeks ago its Constitutional Convention-a grouping of delegates from most major parties-voted to form a parliament with representation in EC institutions/'We want an independent Scotland within the European Community,"says Kevin Pringle of the Scottish WALES National Party. Wales may be close behind."We want Wales to berecognized in the European Community,"says Alun Thomas, head ofresearch and policy at the Welsh nationalist party PlaidCymrulThat's whe re our future destiny lies.”England's reticence: Needless to say, such talk horrifies theonservative Government of John Major."I would be against anykind of constitutional reform that jeopardized the unity of the U.K.,"says the new prime minister's Secretary of State for Scotland, Ian Lang. It isn't hard to understand England's reticence: why should it let go of regions that are finally performing well after years of being propped up by English subsidies? And wouldn't their secession gravely wound Britain's psyche? Could the heir apparent to the throne still be called the Prince of Wales? Environment Secretary Michael Heseltine believes that Britain will never have to face such wrenching questions. The EC, he says, won't accept separate Welsh or Scottish membership, which would inspire minorities in other member states to make similar demands-Some wonder whether Scotland and Wales are more likely to turn into colonies of Tokyo rather than new partners for Brussels."Wales is undergoing serious cultural changes right now,"says Barry Wilkinson, coauthor of a best-selling book,“The Japanisation of British Industry."At The Bank, a trendy bar in Cardiff, patrons love karaoke, the Japanese custom of singing along to a taped instrumental background. Some Welsh schools have added Japanese to their curricula, and power lunches in Edinburgh resonate with such acronyms as JIT一for Just In Time, the Japanese system of efficient production.But on the whole, the Scots and the Welsh aren't worried. For one thing, the Japanese are discreet一the 37 Japanese companies in Wales together employ only about 200 Japanese nationals along with their 10,000 local workers. For another, the Welsh traditions of close family and community links are not unlike Japan's. What do the Scots and the Japanese have in common, after all?"They like to make Scotch/jokes one auto-industry salaryman in Tokyo,"and we like to drink it.”Pascal Prival with Russ DallenIn Edinburgh and Cardiff andBill Powell in Tokyo(From Newsweek, December 17,1990)16.What kind of companies does the "Silicon Glen” boast are the highest concentration outside California?A.car companiesB.chemical companiesC.high-tech companiesD.film companies17.How many Scots favor some form of devolution from London?A.20%B.42%C.78%D.85%18.Where did the investment in Wales come from?A.U.S.AB>JapanC.FranceD.Germany19.The Scots and the Welsh believe that soon they will be able to do without the heavy English that for centuries have tied them to Brussels.A.subsidiesB.taxesC.rules□.enforcement20.What is the attitude of Ian Lang toward the secessionist fever?A.He supports the secessionist action.B.He is against it because he thinks it will harm the unity of the U.K.C.He is neutral towards the action of the secessionists.D.It is not clear in the text.测试二答案模版1-5 AABDC 6-10 CAACD11-15DDABC 16-20 CCB AB。

英语专业4级经典美文-196.Decline of Reading【声音字幕同步PPT】

The fact that we often get our reading material online today
is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the
last two decades has arguably shown the way forward
for the written world. None did.
Reading survived;
in fact it not only survived, it has flourished.
The world is more literate than ever before—
there are more and more readers, and more and more books.
that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do
with photographs and illustrations,
an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links:
英语专业4级经典美文196.Decline of Reading
: Decline of Reading We have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warming?
The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore,

英美报刊选读 passage 13 the decline of neatness (含翻译)