汽车专业英语--发动机
Unit 2汽车专业英语(发动机)
II. Text Explanation
Convert…..into…. ①转变；变换 That building has been converted into a school. 那座楼房改成学校了。 ②兑换 I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars. 我想把一些港元换成美元。 ③改变信仰、党派或意见等 She managed to convert him to her opinion. 她终于设法说服了他接受她的意见。
Fuel supply system
Valve gear
III. Exercises
•Translate the following expressions into Chinese. 活塞 piston 曲轴 crankshaft 分电器 distributor 油底壳 sump 正时齿轮 timing gear crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism 曲柄连杆机构 配气机构 valve gear 燃油系统 fuel system 火花塞 Spark plug 排气歧管 exhaust manifold
Reading
In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction of motion. 换句话说，活塞每完成一次冲程就会改变运动方向。
In other words
In other words, they remain relatively constant or static. 换句话说，它们相对的稳定、静止。 In other words, we have adhered to scientific socialism. 也就是说，我们坚持了科学社会主义
汽车专业英语(发动机部分)
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Fault symptoms and causes
• Engine runs rough or surges
Fault symptoms and causes
Engine leaks oil
Engine consumes oil excessively
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定期检查机油、冷却液、 刹车液等是否充足。
定期更换空气滤清器、 机油滤清器和燃油滤清 器。
定期检查轮胎气压和磨 损情况，确保轮胎安全。
定期进行发动机和车身 的清洁，保持车辆整洁。
Engine oil and filter
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正确选择机油的型号和粘度， 确保与发动机的要求相匹配。
used to connect to the OBD II port and retrieve diagnostic information.
Common troubleshooting
Check the battery and cables for corrosion or damage.
Check the air filter for blockage or damage.
电动汽车技术的应用
随着政府对环保政策的推动和消费者对环保的关注，电动汽车市场正在 不断增长。许多汽车品牌都在推出电动汽车或计划在未来推出相关车型， 如特斯拉、宝马和奥迪等。
Fuel cell technology
要点一
燃料电池技术
燃料电池是一种将燃料（通常是氢气 ）和氧化剂（通常是氧气）通过化学 反应转化为电能的装置。这种技术可 以提供清洁、高效的能源，并可用于 汽车和其他应用。
汽车专业英语 发动机 第4讲 Engine Ignition, Starting and Charging System (点火、起动和充电系统)
generator mounted on the engine, which is driven
发电机
by a belt from the crankshaft. The alternator develops alternating current, which is changed to
adjust
Automobile Professional English （汽车专业英语） Engine（发动机）
第4讲 Engine Ignition, Starting and Charging System
（发动机点火、起动和充电系统）
1. Engine Ignition System
The ignition system is used to ignite the air and fuel in the cylinder. In order to do this a very high voltage is needed to force the electrical current to jump across the spark plug gap and cause an electrical spark. However, there is only 12-volt battery within the automobile. The ignition system is designed to increase the voltage to the necessary amount at the right time for the spark to occur. In addition, the time of spark must be altered as speed and load increase or decrease.
汽车专业英语：Engine components
能看图写出零件名称
1
知识 准备
Task1 Engine Principles and Structure
1.New words and expressions
principle [ˈprinsəpl] n. 原则，原理
convert [kənˈvə:t, ˈkɔnvə:t] v. (使)转变(化)
drain [drein]
vt. & vi.(使)流干, (使)逐渐流走; n.排水沟,
排水管
bolt [bəult]
n.螺栓；(门或窗)插销, 闩;
crush [krʌʃ] vt. & vi.压碎, 压坏; vi.挤进, 挤入
ring [riŋ]
n.戒指, 指环；环状物, 圆圈；团伙, 帮派；
铃声；打电话；特性
propel [prəˈpel] vt. 推进，推动
block [blɔk] n.街区, 街段；大块(木料、石料、金属、冰等)；
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知识 准备
rod [rɔd]
n.竿, 杆, 棒
pcoa知mrt p识[opnɑ目e:tn] t
n.一部分; 局部；零件；角色 [kəm'pəunənt] n. 成分, 组成部分, 部件, 元件
grommet ['ɡrɔmit] n.金属扣眼,索环
distributor [dɪ'strɪbjətə] n.批发公司;批发商；(汽车上的)配
电器
filter ['filtə] n.过滤, 过滤器 vt..透过, 过滤 vi.(消息等)走
漏
manifold ['mænə,fəʊld] adj.多种多样的; n.具有多种形式的
第14章 汽车专业英语
1.2 Car Production 汽车生产
3. Paint Shop 涂装车间
Coating is a systematic engineering, which includes three basic processes of surface treatment, coating process and drying before coating, as well as a reasonable coating system.Maintaining a spotlessly clean, dust-free environment is critical to the quality and consistency of each car’s paint job. Now, in order to make the quality standard for line-off, there are four layers in painting including: ED, Sealer & PVC, Primer and Topcoat.
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1.1 Structure of an Automobile 汽车构造
1．Engine 发动机
The engine-the“heart”of the automobile-operates on internal combustion, meaning the fuel used for its power is burned inside of the engine. The four-stroke engine is the most common type of automobile engine. The engine is comprised of pistons, cylinders, tubes to deliver fuel to the cylinders, and other components . Each system is necessary for making the automobile run and reducing noise and pollution.
专业汽车英语
专业汽车英语｛维修车必懂知识｝专业英语——Engine Terms〔发动机术语〕 Engine Terms〔发动机术语〕 TDC(top dead center) ― the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft. TDC (上止点) - 当活塞离曲轴最远时，曲柄和活塞的位置。
BDC (bottom dead center) ― the position of the cr ank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft. BDC (下止点) - 当活塞离曲轴最近时，曲柄和活塞的位置。
stroke ― the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. 行程 - 下止点和上止点之间的距离；行程由曲轴控制。
bore ― the internal diameter of the cylinder. 缸径 - 汽缸的内径。
swept volume ― the volume between TDC and BDC. 有效容积 - 上止点和下止点之间的体积。
engine capacity ― this is the swept volume of all the cylinders, e.g. a four-cylinder engine having a capacity of two liters (2000 cm3) has a cylinder swept volume of 500 cm3. 发动机排量 - 这是全部汽缸的有效容积，例如一台排量为两公升(2000 cm3)的4个汽缸的发动机每一个汽缸的有效容积为500 cm3。
汽车专业英语U1 L2(发动机部分)
（2） The Cylinder Head The cylinder head is bolted to the cylinder block. The top of the cylinder block is covered with the cylinder head which contains the combustion chamber （Fig.2-1）.
（2） Flywheel The flywheel is a comparatively heavy wheel, bolted to the flywheel flange on the rear end of the crankshaft. The inertia of the flywheel tends to keep it rotating at a constant speed. The flywheel also has several other functions, for example, the flywheel has ring gear in its outer circumference,which mesh with teeth located on the starting motor drive pinion in order to crank the engine over. In addition, the rear surface of the flywheel serves as the driving member of the clutch assembly （Fig.2-2）.
III. Exercises
compression rings oil rings piston pin piston connecting rod
汽车专业英语(发动机四冲程)
• manifold ['maen,feuld] adj. 多种多样的; n.具有多种形式的东西;多支管
• volume ['vslju:m] n.卷, 册,书卷;体积;容积，容量;音量, 响 度.
Part Two-Word Learning
Part Two-Word Learning
• inlet [‘inlet] n.进口，入口 • valve [vaelv] n. 阀,活门,阀门，气门 • exhaust [ig'zo:st] vt. 用尽;使非常疲倦;
n.排气装置,排气管[孔];废气 • suction ['sAkJen] n.吸,抽吸 • revolution [,reva"lu:Jen] n. 革命;彻底改变,重大变革;旋转;
vt. & vi.用抽水机汲水;给... .打气
Part Two-Word Learning
• drain [drein] vt. & vi.(使)流干，(使)逐渐流走; n.排水沟,排水管
• bolt [bault] n.螺栓; (i 门或窗)插销,闩; • crush [krAJ] vt. & vi.压碎,压坏;
• gas-tight气密的， 不透气的 • swivel ['swIval] n.转节，转环;旋轴;旋转接头
vt. & vi.(使)旋转;在枢轴.上转动 • gudgeon ['gnd3an] n.易骗的人;舵钮;舵栓. • pin [pin] n.大头针, 别针;饰针;锁, 钉,插头,闩;腿. • coupling ['kaplin] n.连接;连接器; (尤指列车等的)车钩,挂
汽车专业英语U1L3(发动机部分)
radiator pressure cap
upper tank
fin
lower tank
• 4．The Thermostat • In operation, the thermostat is designed to close off the flow of water from engine to radiator until the engine has reached the desired operating temperature.
The cooling system of a watercooled engine consists of the engine water jacket, thermostat, water pump, radiator, radiator cap, cooling fan and necessary hoses （Fig.3-1）
机油滤清器 The Oil Filter
4．The Oil Pan Engine oil is the fluid used to lubricate the engine. Several quarts of oil are stored in an oil pan bolted to the bottom of the engine block.
• 1．The Oil Pump • When the engine is running, an oil pump draws oil from the pan and forces it through oil galleries.
机油泵 oil pump
机油尺 dip stick
2．The Oil Galleries The oil galleries are
汽车专业英语U1 L1(发动机部分)
一台汽车发动机往往具有3个以上的 汽缸，对于汽车发动机主要的分类方 式是根据汽缸的布局及排列方式来划 分。一般有直列L型、V型、W型以及 水平对置B型等几种。
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直列发动机(Line Engine)
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V型排列六缸发动机(V-shape)
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W型发动机(W-shape)
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水平对置发动机(Horizontally Opposed
Stroke . /strəuk / n. 打击；中风；笔画；冲程；尝试；轻抚
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Clissfiled by cooled ways（按冷却方式分类）
水箱，通过水泵作用，水 通过水道流通整个汽缸体， 进行降温。
水冷却式发动机
Water coolet engine
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风冷，通过空气气流与风扇 作用，空气/风通过发动机整 个汽缸体，进行降温。
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Cooling
system (冷却系统)
ﮭStarting system (起动系统)
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Lubrication
system (润滑系统)
Ignition
system (点火系统)
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Fuel
supply system (燃油供给系统)
intake
system (进气系统)
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•汽油机包括哪两大系统？
Crank-connecting rod mechanism
曲柄 连杆 机构
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配气机构
Valve mechanism
气门 机构
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三、发动机的四大工作行程
Intake 进气
Compression 压缩
Power 做功
汽车专业英语
汽车专业英语专业英语一automobile 汽车（美)assembly line 装配线petroleum refining石油提炼body and frame 车身与车架engine发动机、引擎drive line 传动系统running gear 控制装置suspension 悬架系统unitized body 承载式车身gasoline engine 汽油机diesel engine 柴油机gas turbine 燃气轮机battery 电池（组）fuel cell 燃料电池hybrid power混合动力系统piston 活塞rotary engine 转子发动机vehicle 车辆transmission 变速器drive shaft 传动轴differential 差速器rear axle 后轴rear-wheel drive 后轮驱动front-wheel drive 前轮驱动braking system 制动系统wheel 车轮tire 轮胎steering system 转向系统spring 弹簧shock absorber 减震器Macpherson strut 麦弗逊式悬架torsion bar 扭力杆strut rod 支撑杆stabilizer bar 横向稳定杆二internal combustion engine 内燃机external combustion engine 外燃机fuel 燃料steam engine 蒸汽机intermittent combustion engine 间隔燃烧式发动机continuous combustion engine连续燃烧式发动机turbine engine 涡轮发动机rocket engine 火箭发动机jet engine 火箭发动机Wankel engine 汪克尔发动机、转子发动机stroke 行程cooling system 冷却系统fuel system 燃料系统ignition system 点火系统spark—ignition engine 火花点燃式发动机compression-ignition engine压燃式发动机liquid-cooled 水冷式（液体冷却)air—cooled 风冷式(空气冷却)三cylinder block 缸体cylinder 气缸connecting rod 连杆crankshaft 曲轴cylinder head 气缸盖combustion chamber燃烧室valve 气门、阀camshaft 凸轮轴flywheel 飞轮intake manifold 进气歧管exhaust manifold 排气歧管carburetor 化油器fuel injector 燃料喷射器cast iron 铸铁aluminum 铝cooling fluid 冷却液spark plug 火花塞intake valve 排气门cam 凸轮gear 齿轮belt 皮带chain 链条overhead camshaft(OHC）上置式凸轮轴rpm=revolutions per minute 转速、转数每分钟horsepower 马力intake system 进气系统sensor 传感器oxygen sensor 氧传感器fuel induction燃料吸入系统四fuel tank 油箱fuel line 燃料管路fuel pump 燃料泵fuel filter燃料滤清器power train control module（PCM）动力系统控制模块fuel injection system 燃料喷射系统distributor 分电器ignition coil 点火线圈ignition wire 点火线路charging system 充电系统ignition switch 点火开关solenoid 电磁线圈starter motor 起动电机alternator 交流发电机voltage regulator 稳压器lubrication system润滑系统oil pump 机油泵oil filter 机油滤清器oil cooler 机油冷却器antifreeze 防冻液coolant pump 冷却液泵thermostat 节温器radiator 散热器、水箱clutch 离合器radiator overflow tank 散热器溢流箱、膨胀水箱air intake ducting 进气管air filter 空气滤清器manifold air pressure sensor进气歧管压力传感器turbocharger 涡轮增压器muffler 消声器、消音器catalytic converter 催化转化器exhaust pipe 排气管pollution control system 排放控制系统carbon monoxide 一氧化碳nitrogen oxide 氮氧化物hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物carbon canister 碳罐汽车专业英语exhaust gas recirculator（EGR）废气再循环positive crankcase ventilation 强制曲轴箱通风diverter valve 分流阀vapor—liquid separator 气液分离器vacuum modulator 真空调节器五timing 正时、定时air—fuel ratio 空燃比stoichiometric ratio 理论空燃比mixture 混合气top dead center（TDC）上止点bottom dead center(BDC)下止点bore 气缸直径、孔径crankpin 连杆轴颈、曲柄销throw 曲柄半径displacement 排量compression ratio 压缩比four-stroke engine 四冲程发动机intake stroke 进气冲程compression stroke 压缩冲程power stroke 做功行程exhaust stroke 排气行程preignition 提前点火valve overlap 气门重叠六two—stroke engine 二冲程发动机truck 货车、卡车bus 公共汽车Mercedes—Benz 梅赛德斯奔驰pickup truck 皮卡camper 露营车travel trailer 旅行拖车high-pressure injection 高压喷射low—pressure injection低压喷射injector 喷油器、喷嘴psi 磅/平方英寸（英制压强单位）photochemical smog 光化学烟雾outboard motor 舷外发动机snowmobile 摩托雪橇chain saw 链锯、电锯reed valve 簧片阀lubricant 润滑剂、润滑油scavenging 扫气General Motors 通用汽车blower 扫气泵rotor 转子coal-fired 燃煤的、烧煤的nuclear—powered 核动力的drivability 动力性、驱动性能generator 发电机transaxle 变速差速器、联合传动器electronic controller 电子控制器downshift 降档manual transmission 手动变速器hydrogen 氢carbon dioxide 二氧化碳oxygen 氧methanol 甲醇spacecraft 航天器、宇宙飞船anode 正极、阳极cathode 阴极、负极七oil pan 油底壳、机油盘water jacket 水套cylinder sleeve 气缸套dry sleeve 干缸套wet sleeve 湿缸套warpage 变形liner 衬套、衬垫bearing 轴承harmonic balancer vibrationdamper 扭转减震器timing gear 正时齿轮connecting rod journal 连杆轴颈main(bearing）journal主轴颈counterweight 平衡重thrust surface 推力面drive flange 传动法兰盘、凸缘fillet 圆角nose (曲轴)前端pulley 皮带轮air conditioning 空调bearing cap 轴承盖copper 铜lead 铅Babbitt 巴氏合金tin 锡bearing clearance 轴承间隙thrust bearing 推力轴承、止推轴承thrust washer 推力垫圈、止推垫圈piston ring 活塞环compression ring 气环oil control ring 油环piston pin 活塞销lock ring 锁环piston land 活塞顶部heat dam 绝热槽piston head 活塞头部piston skirt 活塞裙部ring groove 活塞环槽piston pin bushing 活塞销衬套ring end gap 活塞销开口间隙ductile iron 球墨铸铁chromium 铬molybdenum 钼torsional ring 扭曲环chrome—plated 镀铬的rod cap 连杆盖bearing insert 轴承衬套八cross—flow head 横流式气缸盖coolant 冷却液head gasket 气缸垫wedge-shaped combustionchamber 楔形燃烧室hemispherical combustionchamber 半球形燃烧室open combustion chamber 开式燃烧室、统一式燃烧室pre—combustion chamber 预燃式燃烧室valve seat 气门座valve guide 气门导管retainer 弹簧座valve spring 气门弹簧汽车专业英语high—chrome steel 高铬钢stellite 钴铬钨硬质合金keeper 锁紧装置valve stem 气门杆lifter 挺柱pushrod 推杆rocker arm 摇臂valve train clearance 气门间隙variable valve timing 可变气门正时九oil pressure regulator 机油压力调节器main oil gallery 主油道oil screen 机油滤网oil pressure sensor 机油压力传感器dashboard 仪表板sump 机油箱、油底壳baffle 挡板gear—type oil pump齿轮油泵rotor oil pump 转子油泵pressure regulator valve 调压阀十water pump 冷却水泵pressure cap 压力水箱盖fan 冷却风扇temperature indicator 温度指示器air—cooled system 风冷系统liquid-cooled system 水冷系统transmission cooler 自动变速箱油冷却器expansion tank 膨胀水箱housing 外壳impeller 叶轮、转子hub 轮毂pulley 皮带轮closed cooling system 闭式冷却系统十一electronic carburetor 电控化油器fuel vapor line 燃油蒸汽管fuel injector pump 喷油泵nozzle 喷嘴、管嘴plastic 塑料fuel cap 油箱盖filler neck 油箱填充口颈fuel metering unit 油量计量装置mechanical fuel pump 机械燃油泵electrical fuel pump 电动燃油泵fuel pressure regulator 燃油压力调节器injector fuel rail 燃油分配管、燃油轨direct injection system直接喷射式燃料系统indirect injection system 非直喷式燃料系统port fuel injection（PFI）进气道燃油喷射throttle body injection（TBI）气门体燃油喷射multiple—point fuelinjection 多点燃油喷射single-point fuel injection单点燃油喷射continuous injection 连续喷射十二dry-type air filter 干式空气滤清器exhaust pipe 排气管undercarriage 底盘、下部结构fiberglass 玻璃纤维glass pack muffler 玻璃纤维消声器supercharging system 进气增压系统turbocharger 涡轮增压十三conventional ignition system传统点火系统primary circuit 初级回路(低压回路)secondary circuit 次级回路（高压回路）ballast resistor 附件电阻、稳流电阻crank 起动、摇转primary winding 初级线圈、一次绕组breaker 断电器secondary winding 次级线圈、二次绕组condenser 电容器arc 电弧distributor cap 分电器盖coil tower 点火线圈顶端接头surge 电涌振荡distributor shaft 分电器轴firing order 点火顺序electronic ignition system 电子点火系统semiconductor 半导体electronic spark timing（EST）电子点火正时ignition control（IC)点火控制hight energy ignition（HEI）module 高能点火模块computer—controlled coilignition system 微机控制线圈点火系统electronic ignition（EI）电子点火distributorless ignitionsystem 无分电器点火系统ignition module 点火控制模块direct ignition system 直接点火系统cableless EI system 无高压线电子点火系统十四。
汽车专业英语_2_AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE讲解
Internal combustion
内燃机作为汽车.拖拉 机.摩托车.工程机械. 船舶.航空.农业.林业. 军队.等各行各业的动 力装置，应用极为广 泛，
Chapter 2 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE
New Words
longitudinal [lɔndʒiˈtju:dinl] adj. 纵向的，经度的 transverse [trænsˈvɜ:s] adj. 横向的，横断的 reciprocate [rɪˈn] v. 旋转；n．旋转 piston [ˈpistən] n. 活塞 ignite [iɡˈnait] v. 点火，点燃 rub [rʌb] v. 摩擦，擦 quart [kwɔ:t] n. 夸脱(容量单位) reservoir [ˈrezəvwɑ:] n. 油箱 mechanical [miˈkænikəl] adj. 机械的，机械制的，机械似的，呆 板的 enclosed [inˈkləuzd] adj. 被附上的 gallon [ˈɡælən] n. 加仑 stroke [strəuk] n. 冲程，行程
译文：汽车发动机的功用是汽车行驶提供必需的 动力。发动机通过它内部的燃料燃烧来产生动力。 由于发动机在其内部燃烧燃料，所以发动机被称 作内燃机。
Engines may be fueled by gasoline, propane （ LPG-liquefied petroleum gas） , or diesel fuel. Compressed natural gas （CNG） may also be used in some vehicles.
Chapter 2 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE
PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS
汽车专业英语原文翻译
第一单元发动机分类及工作原理课文A发动机的分类所有的汽车发动机都是内燃机（ICE),就是将燃油在气缸内进行燃烧，并将燃烧产生的膨胀压力转变成转动力，用来驱动汽车。
所以说，发动机是动力源, 并被认为是汽车的心脏。
汽车发动机根据工作方式分为往复式发动机和转子发动机：报据发动机燃烧的燃料分为汽油机和柴油机：根据发动机的气缸数量和气缸排列方式分为直列发动机、V型发动机、对置式发动机和W型发动机。
往复式发动机和转子发动机往复式发动机也称为活塞式发动机。
该发动机采用一个或多个活塞在气缸内上下运动或前后运动，将压力转变为转动动能传递给汽车驱动轮（见图1-1)。
往复式发动机广泛应用现代汽车上。
转子发动机是于1954年研发出来的。
如图1-2所示，在该发动机中，有个三角形的转子在燃烧室内旋转。
膨胀气体使转子旋转，产生动力并排出废气。
转子发动机没有活塞和气门等往复部件。
转子发动机产生马力大、无振动，但其燃油消耗比往复式发动机要高。
汽油机和柴油机汽油机以汽油作为燃料。
采用火花塞点燃缸内的可燃混合气，产生动力使汽车行驶，如图1-3a所示。
汽油机也称为火花点燃式发动机。
该发动机的特点是转速高，运行平顺，结构简单，重量轻，成本低。
几乎所有轿车都采用汽油机。
柴油机以柴油作为燃料。
该发动机的工作原理足通过压缩缸内的空气使其升温，冉使喷油嘴喷入的柴油燃烧，产生动力驱动汽车(见图1-3b)，所以也称为压燃式发动机。
柴油机要比汽油机的动力更强劲，燃油经济性更好。
常见于所有的大型货车、客车和部分轿车上。
直列发动机，V型发动机，水平对置式发动机，W型发动机通过气缸数最和气缸排列方式可以识别发动机结构。
当今所有的紧凑型轿车都配有4缸发动机，一些中型级轿车配有6缸发动机，大型轿车配有8缸或12缸发动机。
在多气缸发动机上，气缸通常以四种排列方式中的一种排列，有：直列式、V型、水平对置式和W型。
直列式发动机中的气缸按直线排列，采用一个气缸蓝。
几乎所有4缸发动机都采用该种排列（兄阁1-4)。
汽车专业英语U1-L1(发动机部分)
. Camshaft forces the intake valve open automatically at or slightly before the piston starts down. The air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. At the same time, the exhaust valve remains closed during this downward movement. This valve closure prevents the entering air-fuel charge from escaping through the exhaust port. After the piston reaches the Bottom Dead Center （BDC） of its first stroke, the cylinder is practically full of an air-fuel charge. The drawing of an air-fuel charge into the cylinder in this manner, during the downward movement of the piston, constitutes the intake stroke （Fig.1-2a
• Which is called the “heart” of Automobile?
be called of ------ (被叫做------)； heart (心脏)；
中文：哪部分被称作是汽车的心脏？
发动机
5
Part one
Automobile Engine 汽车发动机
汽车专业英语(发动机部分)3-5
Q2. Lubrication system
radiator pressure cap
upper tank
fin lower tank
Q2. Lubrication system
• Classification of radiator core
The fin and tube type
The ribbon cellular type
Q1. The intake system
• 进气导流管 in
进气； 流动，流量； 管，管道；
Q1. The intake system
• 节气门位置传感器
throttle position sensor
throttle [‘θrɒtəl] n. 节流阀、节流、喉咙；
• 空气流量计
air
air flow meter
n. 空气，风流，气体；
flow
meter
n. 流动；流量；涨潮，泛滥
n. 米；仪表；vi. 用表计量
Q1. The intake system
• 谐振器
resonator
resonator ['rezəneitə] n. 1. 共振器；共鸣箱; 2. (电工学) 谐振器; 3. (汽车的) 消声器;
Q2. Lubrication system
fan alternator
belt crankshaft
Q2. Lubrication system
Translate the following expressions into Chinese.
• • • • • • • • • • 1．radiator 2．water-cooling system 3．air-cooling system 4．coolant 5．antifreeze 6．water jacket 7．thermostat 8．water pump 9．radiator cap 10．centrifugal pump 散热器 水冷系统 风冷系统 冷却液 防冻液 水套 节温器 水泵 散热器盖 离心式水泵
汽车专业英语教材讲义讲稿 发动机 第5讲 Engine Diagnosis System (发动机诊断系统)
code.
chart
(9) Matrix chart of problem symptoms
图表
If the normal code is displayed in the diagnosis in test mode, perform troubleshooting according to the inspection order in the Matrix Chart of Problem Symptoms.
neutral
2) Warm up engine at normal operating
空挡
temperature.
accessory
3) Switched off all accessories.
附属设备
4) Switched off air conditioning.
tachometer
diagnosis check in test mode and with higher sensing simulation
ability of the ECM, confirm the problem symptoms. If
模拟
the trouble does not reappear, use the symptom
接器
Disconnect the high–tension cord from the distributor and hold the end about 12.5 mm from the ground, see if spark occurs while the engine is being cranked.
(1) Customer problem analysis
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push rod
■ Valve gear tappet ■ Connecting rod
timing gears
connecting rod piston crankshaft flywheel
Engine cooling system
Engine lubricating system
Fuel supply system
Compression 压缩
Power 做功
Exhaust 排放
Stroke . /strəuk / n. 打击；中风；笔画；冲程；尝试；轻抚
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四、发动机的布置形式
发动机前置 前轮驱动
发动机前置 后轮驱动
发动机后置 后轮驱动
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课堂小结
需要记住的单词： Engine
发动机
Chassis
底盘
冷却系 cooling system
润滑系 lubrication system
[ˌlu:brɪ'keɪʃn]
润滑，加油; 油润;
起动系 starting system
点火系 Ignition system
[ɪgˈnɪʃn]
12
燃油供给系 fuel supply system 进气系统 intake system 排气系统 exhaust system
• II. Text Explanation
The internal combustion engine, as its name indicates, burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle.
我只有一个气缸， 一组气门；
单缸发动机
Single cylinder engine
cylinder
['sɪlɪndə] n. 气缸
9
我有多个气缸， 多组气门；
多缸发动机 Multi cylinder engine
cylinder ['sɪlɪndə]
n. 气缸
10
二、发动机的基本组成
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•汽油机包含几大系统？
译文：内燃机，顾名思义，就是燃料在气缸内 部燃烧，并且把燃烧时的膨胀力转化为驱动车 辆的旋转力。
• II. Text Explanation
Of all automobile components, an automobile engine is the most complicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an automobile.
Body
车身
Electrical system
电器系统
Gasoline
汽油
Diesel
柴油
stroke
冲程 22
单独的，独立的 气缸 曲柄连杆机构
配气机构
Single
cylinder
Crank-connecting rod mechanism
[kræŋk] n. [机]曲柄; 妙语，奇想 [rɒd] n. 杆，拉杆; 惩罚，体 罚; （责打人用的）棍棒; 手枪; [ˈmekənɪzəm] 机制
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•需要记住的句子
There are four basic components of the automobile : engine , chassis , body and electrical system .
译：汽车有四个基本组成部分，发动机， 底盘，车身和电气系统。
Engine system includes ： ignition system，lubrication system, cooling system, starting system.
Convert……into….. 转变；变换
译文：它的作用就是将热能转换成机械能用来
驱动汽车 。
• II. Text Explanation
Convert…..into…. ①转变；变换 That building has been converted into a
school. 那座楼房改成学校了。 ②兑换 I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars
[ɪgˈzɔ:st]
13
Cooling system (冷却系统)
ﮭStarting system (起动系统)
14
❖Lubrication system (润滑系统)
❖Ignition system (点火系统)
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❖Fuel supply system (燃油供给系统)
❖intake system (进气系统)
译：发动机系统包括：点火系，润滑系，冷却 系，起动系。
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布置任务
将需要记住的单词和句子记录在笔记本上； 将需要记住的单词每个写3遍，1遍汉语意思；
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I. Pre-questions
The heart of automobile
I. Pre-questions
What impression of the engine? complicated
活塞反复运动一次， 曲轴转动一周，两个 冲程完成一个工作循
环。
二冲程发动机 Two stroke engine
stroke [strəʊk] n. 冲程，行程；
5
活塞反复运动两次，曲 轴转动两周，四个冲程
完成一个工作循环。
四冲程发动机
Four stroke engine
stroke
[strəʊk]
___起__动__系__统___、____润__滑_系__统____、 ___冷__却_系__统____。
17
•汽油机包括哪两大机构？
Crank-connecting rod mechanism
曲柄
连杆
机构 18
配气机构
Valve mechanism
气门 机构
19
三、发动机的四大工作行程
Intake 进气
2
•Clissified by fuel（按燃料不同分类）
点燃方式 （点燃式）
汽油发动机 gasoline engine
gasoline ['gæsəliːn]
n. 汽油
3
点燃方式 （压燃式）
柴油发动机
diesel engine
diesel
[‘di:zəl] n. 柴油 ，柴油机
4
•Clissfiled by working progress （按工作行程分类）
n. 冲程，行程；
6
水箱，通过水泵作用，水 通过水道流通整个汽缸体，
进行降温。
水冷却式发动机 Water coolest
engine
7
风冷，通过空气气流与风扇 作用，空气/风通过发动机整
个汽缸体，进行降温。
风冷却式发动机 air coolest engine
8
•Clissfiled by number of cylinder（按 气缸数量分类）
complicated [ k mplikeitid] adj.复杂的, 难解的 dominance [ d m n ns] n.优势, 统治 译文：汽车发动机是一切汽车部件中结构最复
杂，对汽车功能起支配作用的一个总成。
• II. Text Explanation
Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles.
into American dollars. 我想把一些港元换成美元。
• II. Text Explanation
Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder.
linear [ lini ] adj. 线的, 直线的, 线 性的 piston [ pist n] n.活塞
crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism,
valve gear, cooling system, lubricating system, fuel system, starting system,
intake exhaust valve valve
• II. Text Expched to the top of a connecting rod by a pin, called a piston pin or wrist pin.
Valve gear
I. Pre-questions
What’s the function of the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism?
Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles.
Valve mechanism
英 [vælv] 美 [vælv]
n阀; 真空管; （管乐器的）活栓;
（心脏的）瓣膜;
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排气系统 润滑系统 点火系统 启动系统 冷却系统 进气系统
Exhaust system Lubrication system Ignition system Starting system Cooling system Intake system
power