more than 等各种结构 most,mostly,amost区别

㈠more than 结构
⑴ more than相当于over,表示“多于……；超过……”的意思。

例如：
More than 200 people had to be helped to safety when the stadium collapsed. 体育馆倒塌后，有200多人不得不被扶到安全地带。

⑵ more ... than ... 引导比较状语从句表示“比……多；比……更加……或与其说……倒不如说……”的意思。

例如：
① Many companies use com puters more than they used to.许多公司比过去更多地使用电脑。

② In some places bottled water costs more than a glass of beer.在有些地方瓶装水比一杯啤酒还贵。

③ Don’t be too hard on him. He’s more cheated than stupid.别对他太苟刻了，与其说他愚蠢倒不如说他被欺骗了。

考题：
—Did you take enough money with you?
—No, I needed _________ I thought I would. （2006全国卷Ⅱ）
A. not so much as
B. as much as
C. much more than
D. much less than
解析： C。

本题考查比较级，因为前面有no提示，故应使用much more than结构，意为“比……多得多”。

⑶ more than +名词 / 动词 / 从句形式表“远远；不只是；不仅仅是”的意思。

例如：
Yao Ming has more than just size; he also has great skill and speed and he is a team player. 姚明不只是拥有身高，还有优秀的技术和团队合作精神。

(人教高一上unit 8 P55)考题：
—Do you need any help, Lucy?
—Yes, the job is __________ I could do myself. （2007福建卷）
A. less than
B. more than
C. no more than
D. not more than
解析： B。

根据题意“你需要帮助吗？是的，这份工作远不是我一个人能完成的”可知more than最为恰当。

⑷ be more than (a little) +形容词表“十分；非常“的意思。

例如：
The store is more than happy to deliver goods to your home.本商店很乐意为你送货上门。

考题：
Lizzie was ____________ to see her friend off at the airport. （2004全国卷Ⅲ）
A. a little more than sad
B. more than a little sad
C. sad more than a little
D. a little more than sad
解析： B。

more than a little + adj. 表“非常”的意思。

㈡ no more ... than与no less than的结构
⑴ no more...than从结构上来看有个变体形式是“not ... any more than”，表达的意思是“同……一样不……”，表达的是类比关系；句子在翻译时有两种方式：先译主句后译than
引导的从句，“……不能……”，就如than从句中的“不能……一样”；或者先译than引导的从句后译主句“正如than从句中的……不能……”，所以，“……同样不能……”。

需要注意的是than后面的句子为肯定形式，但要翻译成否定的意思。

例如：
① The heart is no more intelligent than the stom ach, for they are both controlled by the brain.心脏和胃一样都不具有智慧，因为他们都要受大脑控制。

② Jack is no more diligent than John. 杰克不勤奋，约翰也不勤奋。

注意如下区别：
not more ... than ... 表“不如……；没有到……的程度”（前者不如后者）。

是more...than...的否定形式。

例如：
Jack is not more diligent than John.杰克不如约翰勤奋。

⑵ no less than表“不少于；多达”的意思。

例如：
① This book has been translated into no less than 30 languages.此书已被翻译成多达30种语言。

② The professor asked us to write the essay with no less than 800 words. 教授要求我们写一篇不少于800字的文章。

㈢ nothing more than与nothing less than结构
⑴ 因之前所提到过more than表示“不仅仅是……”，在其前面加上否定词nothing，则表示“只不过是……;不仅仅是”的意思。

例如：
There are always concerns that traditional dances performed in a theatre are nothing more than a spectacle.人们总是认为传统的舞蹈只不过是很壮观而已。

⑵ nothing less than是nothing more than的反义短语，表示“不亚于…；相当的；简直是”的意思。

例如：
Our performance in the play promises to be nothing less than wonderful.我们在戏剧中的表演将是相当精彩的。

His appearance in the show was nothing less than a event.他在演出中的亮相简直是轰动一时的事件。

㈣ rather than与other than的区别
考题：
We are taught a business letter should be written in a formal style __________ in a personal one.
A. rather than
B. other than
C. better than
D. less than
解析： A。

句意：在学校里，老师教我们商业信函应该采用正式的文体来写，而不是用私人化的风格来写。

可知rather than “而不是”较为合适。

例句：
① All parts of the building other than the windows are in good conditions.这家房子除了窗户外，其它的都完好无缺。

② The two reporters agreed to switch roles for once and be the interviewees rather than the interviewers in order to let us know about their work and how the news we read is made.两位记者同意交换一下角色，做一次被采访者而不是采访者，以便我们了解他们的工作，了解我们所见的新闻是怎样制作出来的。

(人教高二unit 2 P11)
由此可见other than相当于different from意思是“不同于…；除了……以外其它
的……”；rather than的意思是“而不是”的意思。

常见的与than搭配的一些习惯用语：
① It’s better than doing sth. “总比做某事要好”。

Maybe I am not well paid, but it’s better than being out of a job.或许我的薪酬不高，但总比失业好。

② be no better than ...“几乎与……一样糟”
be not better than ... “前者不如后者”
He is no better than a thief.他比小偷好不了多少。

考题：
Though he started late, Mr Guo played the piano as well as, if____, Miss Liu. (2007陕西卷)
A. not better than
B. not better
C. no better than
D. no better
解析：A。

句意：虽然起步晚，但如果说郭先生弹钢琴的水平不比刘小姐好，那至少也和她弹得一样好。

句中是个省略句，完整句式为if he is not better than Miss Liu。

③ none other than“不是别人而正是”
The winner of “director of the year” was none other than Zhang Yi mou.赢得“年度最佳导演”称号的不是别人，正是张艺谋。

④ would rather ... than ... / prefer to do ... rather than (to) do“宁愿……而不愿……”，than后面的to常省略。

He prefers to live in the countryside rather than stay in the city. ＝ He would rather live in the countryside than stay in the city. 他宁愿住乡下也不愿呆在城里。

考题：
Rather than ___________ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ________a bicycle.（NMET 1994）
A. ride; ride
B. riding; ride
C. ride; to ride
D. to ride; riding
解析： C。

考查prefer to do ... rather than do结构。

⑤ no sooner ... than ... 表“一……就……”的意思，引导主从复合句，如果no sooner 置于句首，主句应用部分倒装和过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时。

例如：
No sooner had I mailed the letter than I realized her address had been changed.我一寄出那封信就意识到她的地址已经改变了。

考题：
—Did Linda see the traffic accident?
—No, no sooner ___________than it happened. （2006天津卷）
A. had she gone
B. she had gone
C. has she gone
D. she has gone
解析： A。

no sooner ... than ... 结构中，其中no sooner之后应用过去完成时，than 之后用一般现在时，当no sooner位于句首时要进行部分倒装。

⑥ more often than not“往往；多半；通常”。

During the holiday season, the trains are crowded more often than not.在度假季节，火车往往很拥挤。

⑦ less than“少于；不到”。

考题：
I used to earn ___________ than a pound a week when I first started work.（2006
陕西卷）
A. a little
B. a few
C. fewer
D. less
解析：考查less than的用法。

句意：我刚开始工作的时候每周的收入不到一英镑。

⑧ There is nothing better than ... “没有比……更好的了”。

There is nothing better than a hot coffee in such cold winter.没有什么比在寒冷的
冬天里喝上一杯热咖啡更好的事了。

⑨ more than ... can ...“完全不能；简直不可能”。

The beauty of that country is more than I can describe.我无法用言语形容那乡村的
景色之美。

most, almost, mostly用法比较
这三个词都可以作副词，但意义和用法不同。

most用在形容词或副词前面，等于very，起加强语气的作用。

表示“很、十分、非常”
most前面不可有定冠词the。

如：
This is a most useful book．这是一本很有用的书。

It's most dangerous to play with fire．火是很危险的。

almost = very nearly。

指在程度上相差很少，almost可与no，none，nothing，never，nobody 等表示否定意义的词连用。

如：
I almost missed the flight．我差一点误了航班。

Almost no one believed what he said．几乎没人相信他的话。

mostly＝mainly“大部分”“主要地”“通常地”。

如：
The students in our class are mostly from the factory．我们班的学生主要来自这家工厂。

His stories were mostly about his travels in foreign countries．
他的故事大多是关于他在国外旅游的经历。

主题：辨析知识讲解most、mostly、almost、at most、near和nearly 的用法
内容：most、mostly、almost、at most、near和nearly 的用法都是什么？
提交人：snowbell 时间：5/4/2004 10:39:41
主题：most等
内容：
most:
(1) adj. 最多的，大部分的
biggest in number amount, etc.
[例句]
Most students are studying English hard now.
现在大多数学生都在努力学习英语。

Most birds can fly.
大部分鸟是会飞的。

Of the three brothers he has the most money.
三兄弟中他的钱最多。

We have the most fun on Sundays.
我们在星期天里总是玩得非常痛快。

(2) n.[U] 最大多数，大部分
biggest number, amount, part etc.
[例句]
Most of the people singing were women.
唱歌的人之中，大部分是妇女。

Most of them are teachers.
他们大多数是教员。

Most of what he says is true.
他说的话大部分是真实的。

He was ill for most of last week.
上周他大部分时间都生病。

Do the most you can.
尽你所能去做。

Who has the most need of help?
谁最需要帮助？
most of the time
绝大部分时间
get the most of life
最大限度地利用人生
make the most of oneself
充分发挥自己的能力
(3) adv. 最，最为
more than all others
[例句]
I like the last song most.
我最喜欢最后那支歌。

Of my school subjects,history is the one I like most(or the most).
学校里的课程，历史是我最喜欢的一门。

That's the most helpful book.
那本是最有用的书。

(4) adv. 很，颇
very
[例句]
It is most kind of you to help me.
你很好，帮了我的忙。

This is a most useful reference book.
这是一本非常有用的参考书。

That is what I should most like to do.
这正是我非常想做的事。

mostly:
(1) adv. 主要地，大多
mainly, chiefly
[例句]
His homework is mostly done.
他的作业基本上做完了。

Cows eat mostly grass.
奶牛吃的主要是青草。

It is mostly made of steel.
它大部分是用钢做的。

I sometimes stay at home on Sundays,but mostly I go to the parks.
星期天我有时候呆在家里，但多数情况是到公园去。

almost:
(1) adv. 几乎；近于
nearly
[例句]
Almost everybody likes to play.
几乎人人都喜欢玩。

He is almost two metres tall.
他差不多有两米高。

It is almost ten o'clock, we must leave in a minute.
差不多十点钟了，我们马上该走了。

He has almost finished his work.
他差不多已经完成了工作。

I almost dropped the glass.
我差点儿把玻璃杯摔了。

at most: 不多于，最多，最大不过
not more than
[例句]
We can stay for two days at most.
我们最多能呆两天。

It is at most a mistake.
这顶多不过是个错误。

near:
(1) adj. 近；接近
not far away,close
[例句]
The Post Office is very near,you can walk there.
邮局很近，你可以走着去。

The train is near starting.
火车即将开动。

Spring is near.
春天快到了。

(2) adj. 近亲的；亲密的
close in family, feelings, etc.
[例句]
A brother is a near relation.
兄弟是近亲。

a near friend
亲密的朋友
(3) adv. 附近；邻近
not far;close
[例句]
Come near and listen to me.
靠近一点听我说。

He lives near London.
他住在伦敦附近。

It is quite near.
它相当近。

（它就在附近。

）
(4) adv. 差不多；几乎
nearly
[例句]
I was near dead with fright.
我几乎给吓死了。

(5) prep. 接近；靠近
close to
[例句]
He is near forty.
他近四十岁了。

My house is near the railway station.
我家靠近火车站。

She was in a commune near here.
她在这里附近的一个公社工作。

(6) v. 走近；逼近
come closer;go closer
[例句]
It's nearing the end of summer.
快到夏末了。

The ship was nearing the land.
船正在靠岸。

nearly:
(1) adv. 差不多；几乎
almost,not quite
[例句]
I'm nearly as clever as you.
我快赶上你那么聪明了。

It's nearly five o'clock.
差不多五点钟了。

I nearly fell off my bike.
我几乎从自行车上摔下来。

Nearly everyone knows it.
几乎每个人都知道这个。

(2) adv. 密切地；亲密地
closely
[例句]
The matter nearly concerns me.
这件事与我有密切关系。

They are nearly related.
他们的关系非常密切。