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(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

(完整)虚拟语气用法总结,推荐文档

虚拟语气的用法总结语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

语气的种类:(1 )陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的,确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句,疑问句和某些感叹句。

如We are ready. What a fine day it is!(2 )祈使语气表示说话人的建议,请求,邀请,命令等。

如Ope n the door, Please.应注意以下几点:1. 主语通常是第二人称you,但多不出现,动词用原形,否定用don ot或者don'加动词原形(或be)女口Be careful next time. Don 'smoke here.2. 有时为了强调,主语也可以出现,而且可以是第三人称,谓语动词不加-s或者-es如You be quiet.He sta nd up.3. 祈使语气可以用do加强语气女口Do come to see this Sunday.4. 在Let's的祈使句后,疑问部分通常用shall we ;在Let us后,疑问部分用will you女口Let' goout for a walk after supper , shall we? /Let us clean our classroom, will you?5. 祈使句与连词and连用时相当于一个条件句,而and之后则是表示结果。

如Think hardand you will have a good idea.(3)虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。

女口If I were you, I should study En glish.一. 虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。

如If it doesn S rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是一种特殊的语法形式,用来表示说话人所表达的事实并非真实的情况。

虚拟语气通常用于陈述某种假设、愿望、建议或推测。

在英语中,虚拟语气可以用于多种句型和场景中。

以下是关于虚拟语气的一些常见用法归纳:1. 条件句虚拟语气经常用于表示条件句中的不可能或未实现的情况。

在条件句中,主句和从句之间通常以if连接,其中的动词使用虚拟语气形式,即用过去式或过去完成式表示未来或现在的假设情况。

例如:"If I were you, I would go to bed early."(如果我是你,我会早点上床。

)2. 虚拟愿望虚拟语气还可以用于表达愿望或对现实情况的怀疑。

在这种情况下,常用的句型是"if only"或"would rather"等。

例如:"Ifonly I had more money, I would travel the world."(要是我有更多的钱,我就会周游世界。

)"I would rather you went with me."(我宁愿你和我一起去。

)3. 动词要求有些动词,如命令、建议、要求等,常常要求其后的从句使用虚拟语气。

这些动词包括:recommend(推荐)、insist(坚持)、demand(要求)、require(要求)、suggest(建议)等。

例如:"She insisted that he be on time for the meeting."(她坚持要求他准时参加会议。

)4. 形容词和名词后接从句有时,形容词或名词后接从句时,从句中的谓语动词要使用虚拟语气。

这种情况通常表示说话人对从句所表达的内容的怀疑或不同意。

例如:"It is important that he study hard for the exam."(他认真备考这个考试很重要。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)

虚拟语气用法总结(超好)虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,它用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与过去事实相反的假设或愿望。

虚拟语气不仅存在于从句中,也可以出现在主句中。

虽然虚拟语气的用法较为多样,但是掌握其基本规则能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。

本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。

一、过去时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句当表示与现实相反的假设或条件时,使用虚拟条件句。

这种句子通常包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句,条件从句使用过去完成时,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。

例如:- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试。

)- If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.(如果我知道你要来,我就会准备晚餐。

)2. 虚拟表达愿望或建议当表达与现实相反的愿望或建议时,使用虚拟语气,即将过去时态的动词形式改为"would"加动词原形。

例如:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。

)- She suggested that he take a bus.(她建议他坐公交车。

)二、现在时的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句与过去时的虚拟条件句类似,现在时的虚拟条件句也包含一个条件从句和一个结果从句。

条件从句使用"were to"结构或"should"加动词原形,结果从句使用"would"、"could"或"might"加动词原形。

例如:- If I were to win the lottery, I would travel the world.(如果我中了彩票,我会周游世界。

虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气是一种在语法上表示非事实或假设情况的语气。

它常用于表达愿望、建议、要求、命令、假设条件和虚拟情况等。

以下是虚拟语气的用法总结:1. 表达愿望:- 与过去事实相反的愿望:希望+过去式例如:I wish I were there.(我希望我在那里。

)- 对未来的愿望:希望+动词原形例如:I hope it stops raining.(我希望它停止下雨。

)2. 表达建议、要求和命令:- 表达建议:(should) + 动词原形例如:They suggested (that) he should take a break.(他们建议他休息一下。

)- 表达要求:(would) + 动词原形例如:He asked that she would close the door.(他要求她关上门。

)- 表达命令:(should) + 动词原形例如:It is important that you should arrive on time.(你准时到达很重要。

)3. 表达假设条件:- 表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设条件:if + 过去式,would + 动词原形例如:If I were rich, I would travel around the world.(如果我富有,我会周游世界。

)- 表示与过去事实相反的假设条件:if + had + 过去分词,would + have + 过去分词例如:If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.(如果他学习更努力,他就能通过考试。

)4. 表达推测和假设:- 推测现在的事实:(should) + 动词原形例如:He is late. He should be stuck in traffic.(他迟到了。

他可能被堵在交通上了。

)- 对过去的推测:(should) + have + 过去分词例如:She has disappeared. She should have left early.(她已经消失了。

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳一、虚拟语气的概念和基本用法虚拟语气是一种表达说话者主观愿望,假定或假设情态的语气形式。

在英语中,虚拟语气使用多个动词形式来表示,如虚拟谓语动词(should/had/be)、过去时态(were/was)等。

1. 表示与现实相反的情况当我们想要表达与现实相反的情况时,可以使用虚拟语气。

例如:- If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

)2. 表示建议、要求或命令在某些情况下,我们使用虚拟语气来表示建议、要求或命令。

常用动词包括suggest(建议)、recommend(推荐)、request(请求)、demand(要求)等。

例如:- The teacher suggested that she attend the conference.(老师建议她参加会议。

)3. 表示对过去事件的假设当我们对过去事件进行假设时,可以使用虚拟语气的过去式形式来说明这种条件可能性很低或根本不可能发生。

例如:- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.(如果他学得更努力,他就能通过考试了。

)二、常见的虚拟语气用法及例句1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句表示与现实相反的条件和可能性。

根据真实性、虚假性和时间性的不同,分为三种类型:- Type 1:表示可能发生的情况。

If + 主语 + 动词过去式,主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形。

例如:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们会待在家里。

)- Type 2:表示现在或将来不太可能发生的情况。

If + 主语 + 动词过去式,主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形。

例如:If I were rich, I would travel around the world.(如果我有钱,我会周游世界。

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳

虚拟语气的用法归纳关键信息项:1、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法3、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法4、虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的用法5、虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法6、虚拟语气在状语从句中的其他用法7、虚拟语气在一些特殊句型中的用法11 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法111 与现在事实相反若表示与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be 动词通常用were),主句谓语用“should / would / could / might +动词原形”。

例如:If I were you, I would take his advice (如果我是你,我会接受他的建议。

)112 与过去事实相反若表示与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成式(had +过去分词),主句谓语用“should / would / could / might + have +过去分词”。

比如:If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus (如果你早点来,你就赶上公交车了。

)113 与将来事实相反若表示与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语有三种形式:过去式(be 动词通常用 were)should +动词原形were to +动词原形主句谓语用“should / would / could / might +动词原形”。

例如:If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。

)12 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法121 wish 后的宾语从句wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。

与现在事实相反,用一般过去时;与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;与将来事实相反,用“would / could +动词原形”。

例如:I wish I were as tall as you (我希望和你一样高。

英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳(优秀9篇)

英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳(优秀9篇)

英语虚拟语气的基本用法归纳(优秀9篇)虚拟语气的时态篇一一、过去式:if 从句:had done英语语法:虚拟语气的时态主句:情态动词(would,could,might,should)+have done英语语法:虚拟语气的时态二、现在式:if 从句:did/were英语语法:虚拟语气的时态主句:情态动词(would,could,might,should)+do英语语法:虚拟语气的时态三、将来时:if 从句:①should/shall do②were to do③did/were英语语法:虚拟语气的时态6主句:情态动词(would,could,might,should)+do虚拟语气专项练习题解析篇二1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.A. have readB. had readC. should have readD. are reading2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him.A. come; would meetB. had come; would have metC. come; will meetD. had come; would meet3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.A. speakB. spokeC. will speakD. to speak5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.A. wasB. WereC. has beenD. had been6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____.A. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours7.I wish that I _____ with you last night.A. wentB. could goC. have goneD. could have gone8.Let’s say you could go there again, how _____ feel?A. will youB. should youC. would youD. do you9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.A. knewB. knowsC. has knownD. had known10._____ the fog, we should have reached our school.A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. But for11.If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport.A. would meetB. would had metC. would have metD. would have meet12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how.A. teachesB. will teachC. has taughtD. would teach13.I would have told him the answer, had it been possible, but I _____ so busy then.A. had beenB. wereC. wasD. would be14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fallen behind15.If it _____ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.A. had rainedB. would have rainedC. have seenD. rained16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.A. shouldB. wouldC. doD. had17.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _____ there.A. not wentB. won’t goC. not goD. not to go18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _____ time.A. had hadB. have hadC. hadD. would have had19.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?A. decided againstB. will decide againstC. have decidedD. shall decide against20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _____.A. go to sleepB. went to sleepC. go to bedD. went to bed21、—Why didn’t you buy a new car?—I would have bought one if I _____ enough money.A. hadB. have hadC. would haveD. had had22.If she could sew, _____.A. she make a dressB. she would have made a shirtC. she will make a shirtD. she would had made a coat23._____ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves24.His doctor suggested that he _____ a short trip abroad.A. will takeB. would takeC. takeD. took25.The Bakers arrived last night. If they’d only let us know earlier,_____ at the station.A. we’d meet themB. we’ll meet themC. we’d have met themD. we’ve met them26.If I _____ you, I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall payB. am; will payC. would be; would payD. were; would pay27.We might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.A. have not givenB. would not giveC. had not givenD. did not give28.The law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. will have29.It is strange that he _____ so.A. would sayB. would speakC. should sayD. will speak30.Had I known her name, _____A. or does she know mine?B. and where does she live?C. she would be beautiful.D. I would have invited her to lunch.31.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _____ all about that.A. knowB. knowsC. knownD. knew32.If I _____ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.A. possessedB. ownedC. hadD. had had33.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _____ to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. will come34.The librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.A. will takeB. tookC. takeD. takes35.I left very early last night, but I wish I _____ so early.A. didn’t leaveB. hadn’t leftC. haven’t leftD. couldn’t leave36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _____ no time.A. hadB. didn’t haveC. had hadD. have37.I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. hadn’tB. didn’t have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have38.He insisted that we all _____ in his office at one o’clock.A. beB. to beC. would beD. shall be39.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if _____.A. she’s goneB. she’ll goC. she’d goneD. she’d go答案:1—5 BBDAD 6—10 DDCAD11—15 CDCAA 16—20 ACAAD21—25 DBCCC 26—30 DCCCD31—35 DDCCB 36—39 DCAC解析:1.wish后面用虚拟语气,表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。

(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。

(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。

(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。

(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。

I would have been able to meet her。

(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。

he would not have made such a mistake。

(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。

I would talk to him。

(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。

orders。

requests。

etc。

the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。

with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是指说话者虚构的一种语言形式,用来表达说话者对现实情况的假设、猜测、愿望或条件。

虚拟语气在中文中的使用非常广泛,涉及到多种语法结构和情境。

以下是对虚拟语气用法的归纳总结。

一、表示假设的虚拟语气1. 假设条件句假设条件句是虚拟语气的常见表现形式,通过“如果……就”“要是……就”等句式来表示假设情况。

例如:“如果我有钱的话,我就去旅行。

”“要是我能回到过去,我就不会犯同样的错误了。

”在这种情况下,虚拟语气表达了说话者对假设情况的想象或假设。

2. 表示对过去情况的虚拟对于已经发生的事情,我们常常需要使用虚拟语气来表示对过去情况的假设、愿望或遗憾。

例如:“要是我当初早点知道你的困难,我会帮助你的。

”“要是我早知道这本书这么好,我早就买了。

”在这些句子中,虚拟语气用来表达对过去情况的假设和遗憾的感受。

3. 表示不太可能实现的愿望虚拟语气也在表达愿望时发挥重要作用。

例如:“但愿我能成为一名科学家!”“但愿我们之间不曾发生过误会。

”这种虚拟语气则表达了对不太可能实现的愿望或希望的渴求。

二、表示建议、命令、要求的虚拟语气1. 否定句中的建议在否定句中,我们常常使用虚拟语气来表示建议或劝告。

例如:“你不如早点休息吧。

”“他不妨多读点书。

”这些句子表示一种建议或劝告,通过虚拟语气传达说话者对于被建议者的主观想法。

2. 表示礼貌的虚拟语气在书信、邀请和请求的语境中,虚拟语气被用来表示礼貌和尊重。

例如:“如果您有空,不妨来我家做客。

”“请求您尽快给予答复。

”这些句子中的虚拟语气传达了说话者的礼貌和尊重心态。

三、表示假设、推测的虚拟语气1. 表示假设的虚拟语气有时候,虚拟语气也可以用来表示对可能的假设或推测。

例如:“他说这话,可能是有所图。

”“今天天气这么糟,可能是要下雨了。

”在这些句子中,虚拟语气表达了说话者对可能的假设或推测。

2. 表示希望的虚拟语气虚拟语气也可以用来表示对未来情况的希望或愿望。

虚拟语气的用法和常见表达方式总结

虚拟语气的用法和常见表达方式总结

虚拟语气的用法和常见表达方式总结虚拟语气是一种特殊的语气形式,用来表示说话人的主观愿望、假设、怀疑、命令、建议等非现实或未实现的情况。

在语法上,虚拟语气与实际情况相反,常常用于条件句、表达愿望、建议或是疑问等场景。

本文将总结虚拟语气的用法和常见表达方式,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用。

虚拟语气的用法一:表示与现实相反的假设1. 条件句中的虚拟语气在表示与现实相反的假设情况下,常用“如果”、“要是”等引导词引导条件句。

在这种情况下,主句中的谓语动词需使用虚拟语气形式。

例如:如果我是你,我会早点睡觉。

(表示与现实相反的假设)要是明天下雨,我们就不去郊游了。

2. 表达愿望或建议的虚拟语气虚拟语气可以用来表达说话人的愿望、建议或期待。

常用“希望”、“愿意”、“要求”等词语来引导虚拟语气。

例如:我希望你能理解我的困扰。

我要求你们准时参加会议。

3. 表示命令、建议或要求的虚拟语气虚拟语气可以在表示命令、建议或要求时使用,常用“要求”、“建议”、“命令”等引导词来引导虚拟语气。

例如:我建议你明天早点来上班。

我命令你立刻停止打架。

虚拟语气的用法二:表示对过去事件的假设1. 表示对过去事件的虚拟语气虚拟语气在表示对过去事件的假设时,常通过使用“如果”加上过去完成时的虚拟语气。

例如:如果我当初选了理科,现在就不会后悔了。

要是我没有迟到,老师就不会生气了。

2. 表示对过去行为的懊悔与后悔当我们对过去的行为感到懊悔或后悔时,可以使用虚拟语气来表达这种情绪。

例如:要是我早点听从父母的劝告,就不会犯那么多错误了。

虚拟语气的用法三:表示建议、要求或推测1. 表示建议、要求或推测的虚拟语气虚拟语气可以用来表示建议、要求或推测的情况。

常用“要求”、“建议”、“推测”等引导词语来引导虚拟语气。

例如:我建议你今天早点休息。

我推测他可能已经离开了。

2. 表示对不可能实现的要求虚拟语气也可以用于表示对不可能实现的要求。

常用“要求”、“期望”等引导词语来引导虚拟语气。

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气概述:虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句中的谓语用过去式(be用were),主句用would/coul d/mightshould+动词原形。

If I were you, I would buy the computer.如果我是你,我就会买这台电脑。

2.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,从句谓语过去式(be用were)/should+动词原形/were t o+动词原形,主句谓语would/could/might/should do.If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.我如果明天见到他,会邀请他到家里来。

3.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句谓语should/would/could/might+have+过去分词,If 条件从句的谓语形式had+过去分词词。

If the weather had been nice yesterday,we would have gone swimming.如果昨天天气好的话,我们就去游泳了。

4. wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,从句的谓语形式虚拟情况与现在事实相反用:过去式(be用were)与过去事实相反had+过去分词与将来事实相反would/ could/might+动词原形I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.我希望我是一只鸟,可以在天空中自由地飞翔。

虚拟语气的用法归纳总结

虚拟语气的用法归纳总结

虚拟语气的用法归纳总结一、虚拟语气的概念和定义虚拟语气是一种特殊的语气形式,用来表示说话人对某种情况或假设的幻想、猜测、愿望、怀疑或建议等观点态度。

虚拟语气与实际情况相反或者与事实不符合,常常用于条件句、从句或动词后面,并且常伴随着助动词"would"、"could"等。

二、虚拟语气的用法1. 条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气表达了与现实相反或不可能发生的假设。

其中,主句使用过去完成时(had done)来表示结果。

例如:"If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam."(如果我学习更努力,我就能通过考试了。

)2. 虚拟条件句中的倒装结构在虚拟条件句中使用倒装结构可以突出某种假设情况或听起来更有说服力。

例如:"Had you told me earlier, I would have helped you."(如果你早点告诉我,我就会帮助你。

)3. 建议和愿望中的虚拟语气在建议和愿望中,虚拟语气常用来表达对现实不满意的愿望或希望。

例如:"I wish I were taller."(我希望我更高一些。

)"I suggest that he be more careful next time."(我建议他下次要更加小心。

)4. 怀疑、否定和推测中的虚拟语气虚拟语气在表示怀疑、否定和推测时也经常被使用。

例如:"I don't believe you would do such a thing."(我不相信你会做这种事情。

)"It is possible that she might have forgotten about the meeting."(她可能忘记了会议。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气常在表示条件和结果的状语从句中。

在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三种时态:现在时,过去时,将来时。

在条件句中的应用:条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。

虚拟语气在什么情况下用虚拟语气在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时,用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。

[编辑本段]虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句eg .If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。

( 真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。

(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气)If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你,我马上就会去。

(非真实条件状语从句)If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气,人就会死亡。

(非真实条件状语从句)2、在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:if+主语+did/be(were)+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他例:1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。

(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

(事实:不知道)3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

(完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

(完整版)虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood)用法归纳第一部分:语气的定义和种类1、语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类⑴陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。

如:①There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。

②Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗?③How good a teacher she is! 她是多好的一位老师啊!⑵祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。

如:①Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。

②Don’t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。

⑶虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。

如:①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。

②I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

③May you succeed! 祝您成功!第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。

如:⑴Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗?⑵It would be better for you not to stay up too late. 你最好别熬夜到很晚。

二、表祝愿。

1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。

如:⑴May good luck be yours! 祝你好运!⑵May you be happy! 祝你快乐!⑶May you do even better! 祝你取得更大成就!⑷May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

虚拟语气的用法与情况总结

虚拟语气的用法与情况总结

虚拟语气的用法与情况总结虚拟语气是一种用来表达非事实的语气,它主要用于表示说话者的愿望、建议、推测、假设等情况。

在中文中,虚拟语气通常通过动词形式的变化或者使用特定的语气词来表达。

在下文中,将对虚拟语气的主要用法进行总结。

一、表示愿望虚拟语气可用来表达说话者的愿望或希望,常见的情况如下:1. 希望某事发生:- If only + 主语 + 过去式- I wish/If only + 主语 + would/could + 动词原形例如:- If only I had more free time to relax.- I wish I could visit Paris someday.2. 表示对过去事实的悔恨:- I wish/If only + 主语 + had + 过去分词例如:- I wish I had studied harder for the exam.二、表示建议或命令虚拟语气还可以用来表示建议或命令的情况,常见的用法如下:1. 建议:- (I suggest/recommend) + (that) + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如:- I suggest that you should take a break and relax.2. 命令:- (I demand/insist) + (that) + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如:- I demand that he should apologize for his behavior.三、表示假设当我们讨论假设、虚构或与事实相反的情况时,虚拟语气可用来表达,常见的情况如下:1. 虚拟条件句:- If + 主语 + 过去式,主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形例如:- If I were rich, I would travel the world.2. 虚拟假设:- If + 主语 + were,主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形例如:- If I were you, I would apologize to her.四、表示推测或假设除了表示真实的假设,虚拟语气还可以用来表示推测或假设的情况,常见的用法如下:1. 推测:- It is (high/about) time + 主语 + (过去式)例如:- It is high time you went to bed.2. 假设:- Suppose + 主语 + (过去式)例如:- Suppose she didn't arrive on time, what would you do?综上所述,虚拟语气被广泛应用于表达愿望、建议、推测和假设等情况。

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法虚拟语气在条件句中的用法是英语语法中的重要内容,也是中国学生容易出错的地方。

在英语条件句中,如果虚拟语气使用不当,往往会使句子产生歧义,甚至造成语法错误。

因此,我们需要特别注意虚拟语气的用法。

1.与现在事实相反如果条件句中的动作与现在的事实相反,那么虚拟语气的形式为:从句使用“if+主语+动词的过去式”,主句使用“主语+would+动词原形”。

例如:If I were you, I would choose to study abroad.2.与过去事实相反如果条件句中的动作与过去的事实相反,那么虚拟语气的形式为:从句使用“if+主语+had+过去分词”,主句使用“主语+would+have+过去分词”。

例如:If I had known the answer, I would have told you.3.与将来事实相反如果条件句中的动作与将来的事实相反,那么虚拟语气的形式为:从句使用“if+主语+动词的过去式”,主句使用“主语+would+动词原形”。

例如:If I were to go to the party, I would wear a pretty dress.二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法也是英语语法中的重要内容之一。

在英语名词从句中,虚拟语气通常用于表示建议、要求、命令等语气,常用的结构包括“It is+形容词+that+从句”和“It is+名词+that+从句”。

例如:It is important that we should learn English well.三、虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法也是英语语法中的重要内容之一。

在英语定语从句中,虚拟语气通常用于表示假设、条件等语气,常用的结构包括“who/which+would+动词原形”和“that+would+动词原形”。

例如:I would go to the party if I were you.四、虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法也是英语语法中的重要内容之一。

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳

虚拟语气用法归纳1、在非真实条件句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。

非真实条件有以下三类:(1)与现在事实相反的非真实条件句,谓语动词形式如下:从句:过去时主句:would/should/could/might+动词原形。

如If I were you, I would ask our teacher for advice.如果我是你的话,我就请教老师。

(2)与过去事实相反的非真实条件句,谓语动词形式如下:从句:过去完成时主句:would/should/could/ might +have+动词过去分词。

如If I hadn’t taken the wrong bus, I wouldn’t have missed the contest.如果我没有搭错车,我就不会不参加竞赛。

(3)与将来事实相反的非真实条件句,谓语动词形式如下:从句:过去时/should /were to +动词原形主句:would/should/could/might+动词原形。

如If I had enough money next month, I would buy a copy of “The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English”.如果我下个月有足够的钱,我就会买一本《现代高级英语学习词典》。

(4)混合时间条件句:主句和从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。

如If I had learned French, I would be able to interpret for our French friend.假如我以前学过法语,现在就能给我们的法国朋友当翻译。

If you had not watched television so late last night,you would not be sleepy now. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion ,you would be fine now.(注:if从句与过去事实相反,用过去完成时;而主句与现在事实相反,用would+动词原形。

虚拟语气用法详解与习题精选

虚拟语气用法详解与习题精选

一、条件句中的虚拟语气1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件,主句会产生的一种不2. 条件中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time.If he were to come here, he would tell us about it.(2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If he were free, he would help us.If he studied at this school, he would know you well.(3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。

如:If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it.If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li.3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时,须注意的几个问题(1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词若是系动词be时,可用was代替were。

但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were中,只能用were。

如:Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad.If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. (2) 有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,须区别对待。

①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。

If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.If they had informed us, we would not come here now.②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。

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虚拟语气用法归纳文件管理序列号:[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句,表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气,愿望以及建议,命令,要求等等的情感,往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。

虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后,有可能出现的情况。

虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块,第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。

这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面:基本用法,各自为政,以及含蓄之美。

下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法:通常,在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的,如果两者时间不一致,此时就是混合型虚拟语气。

混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”,即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同,采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。

如何“各自为政”呢这就像是数学里的排列组合,一边有三种情况,交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。

不管怎样,我们要遵循一个原则,就是“各自为政”。

例如,从句是对过去情况的假设,而主句则是对现在情况的假设,那我们在使用时,从句就用过去完成式,而主句要用would/could do的形式。

当然,也不是所有的AB配就是合理的,有时候在具体语境下,会出现矛盾的情况,这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设,选择合适的形式。

一般而言,主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。

因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。

因此在此类的完成句子练习中,我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设)4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设,主句是对将来的假设)6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. (从句是对现在的假设,主句是对将来的假设)9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. (从句是对过去的假设,主句是对现在的假设)10. If I were your mother, I would let you go out this weekend. (从句是对现在的假设,主句是对将来的假设)虚拟语气在if引导的条件状语从句中,特别注意虚拟语气与倒装的结合,前提是省略if,这种情况多见于过去和将来的假设,具体表现是将if省略,把had, were, should之类词语提前构成倒装。

例如:Were I you, I would go.Should it happen, what should you do?Had he recognised me, he would have come over.虚拟语气中的“含蓄之美”指的是含蓄虚拟语气。

因为有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现,而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在,常用的词语有without, but for, otherwise, or等等,此时我们可以从意思上推断出虚拟语气的时间(考试时多数情况是对过去的假设)。

But for your encouragement, I would not have been admitted to this university. (过去)Without water, all lives would die. (现在)He felt too tired yesterday, or he would have attended my party. (过去)I was having a meeting, otherwise I would have come to see you off. (过去)虚拟语气的第二模块就是含有should +V的用法,这一部分主要是有关建议和命令的相关从句,包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句以及以之相关的形式主语宾语之类的从句。

这一部分的词主要有常见的动词有advise, suggest, insist, order, require, recommend, command以及相关名词等等。

记忆口诀:一个坚持(insist),两个命令(order, command),三个建议(suggest, advise, recommend),四个要求(ask, require, demand, request)。

1. 宾语从句的虚拟语气He insisted that the meeting be put off.The general ordered (that) all the soldiers (should ) leave.He gives orders that the soldiers (should) leave.2. 表语从句的虚拟语气My suggestion is that we (should) stay here for a rest.3. 同位语从句的虚拟语气There is no suggestion that she (should) resign.4. 主语从句的虚拟语气主要体现在It做形式主语的三种情况:It’s +p.p +that ; It’s + adj. +that; It’s + n. +that常用的动词recommand, demand, desire, order, request, require, suggest,command常用的形容词important, necessary, right, advisable, natural, strange, surprising, regretful,urgent, vital, insistent, essential常用的名词duty, pity, no surpise, no wonder, shame, regret其实这些词在句子中其实也有建议命令类似的的意思It’s important that you should take the medicine.It’s a pity that you should refuse the invitation.It’s essential that we should learn some knowledge about fist aid.It’s demanded that all the students should go to the playground.It was suggested that he should join the club activities.5. It为形式宾语的情况实际上是上面形式主语的一种变形,是以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句,it后面的宾语补足语多为形容词或名词,常见词就是上面形式主语后面的那些词。

I consider it vital that he (should) think deeply before acting. We think it necessary that the meeting (should) be put off.6. 某些词语如suggest, insist 等有双重含义,所以在使用的时候要注意什么时候用虚拟语气,什么时候不用虚拟语气。

Her smile suggested that she was in favor of the plan.We insisted that what the boy did was wrong.虚拟语气的第三大模块指的是虚拟语气在特殊句式中的运用。

句这些句式使用的虚拟语气与上面的虚拟语气会有所不同,主要有两种情况:I. would rather, It’s time…, for fear that…would rather在使用时要注意它的不同用法。

因为本身would rather可以直接接动词原形,构成would rather do sth. (than do sth.else); 或者would do sth. rather than do sth.else.而虚拟语气的would rather 是这样使用的would rather sb. did(对现在或将来的假设)/ had done(对过去的假设)I would rather he didn’t go now.They would rather they hadn’t attended the party.It’s (about) (high) time (that)…从句中常用过去式(有时也用should do), 含建议的意思。

汉语的意思为“是该做…的时候了”,也等于It’s time for sb. to do sth.It’s high time (that) we went home.It’s high time that we (should) go home.It’s high time for us to go home.for fear that 后面可以接虚拟语气should do,也可以接其他语气,但依然会有一个情态动词。

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