2019 2020同步人教英语选修九新突破阶段综合测评4 Word版含答案

阶段综合测评(四)(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)APlants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(预测)in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems. Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world，changing some living patterns，scientists say.Increased carbon dioxide (CO)in the air from burning coal and oil can have an 2effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeablerainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“Predicting species' reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology，”said the researchers of several U．S. universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.The study, published on the Nature website, uses the findings from plant lifecycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1，634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估) the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.“Across all species, the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advance－for both leafing and flowering－that results from temperature increases，”thestudy said.The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said.Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain,using photosynthesis (光合作用)to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet. Scientists believe the world's average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃every ten years since 1979.warming greenhouse gases are not)of planet-排放So far, efforts to cut emissions(seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2℃this century－a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremesare common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.【语篇解读】本文为科普类文章。

文章论述了全球变暖的气候环境会让植物提前开花，进而影响整个食物链及生态系统。

1．What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1? A．Plants' reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystems. B．The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists' expectation. C．Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.D．Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.【解析】细节理解题。

第一段话给读者传达的主要信息存在于主句，而不是which 所引导的定语从句上。

根据“Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(预测)”可知，作者是要告知读者植物开花的增速超出了科学家的预测。

故选B。

A为次要信息。

【答案】B2．We can learn from the study published on the Nature websitethat ．A．plants' flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingB．there are 1，634 plant species on the fourcontinentsC．scientists should improve the design of theexperimentsD．the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change【解析】细节理解题。

根据第五段“It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.”可知暗示读者：对于植物所设计的实验应该有所改进，故答案选C。

【答案】C3．Scientists pay special attention to the study of plantsbecause ．A．they can prove the climate change clearlyB．they are very important in the food chainsthey play a leading role in reducing global warming．C．D．they are growing and flowering much faster than before【解析】推理判断题。

根据第四段“They said plants had been the key objectof study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.”可知植物对气候变化的反应对整个食物链和生态系统都至关重要。

故答案选B。

【答案】B4．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world's temperature?A．It has risen nearly 0.2℃since 1979.B．Its change will lead to weather extremes.C．It is 0.8℃higher in 1979 than that of 1900.D．It needs to be controlled within 2℃in this century.【解析】推理判断题。

从倒数第二段“...has risen by about 0.8℃since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃every ten years since 1979.”可知A、C项错误；从最后一段叙述可知，如果本世纪地球变暖超过2℃，便会出现weather extremes。

暗示我们这个世纪地球温度的上升需要控制在2℃的范围之内。

故答案选D。

【答案】DBThe production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately,full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects thearea's birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species (物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result，many species are quickly dying out. On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens (威胁) human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers techniquesgrowing -coffeenew addition, diseases.In certain for cures finding fromare poisoning the water locally，and eventually the world's groundwater.Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations (种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate，and studies show that the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic (酸性的) soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, fromthe local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。