合同翻译

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合同翻译中英文对照

合同翻译中英文对照

合同翻译中英文对照Contract Translation English-Chinese Comparison合同翻译中英文对照Parties:Party A: [Name] [Address] [Contact information]甲方:[名称] [地址] [联系方式]Party B: [Name] [Address] [Contact information]乙方:[名称] [地址] [联系方式]Identity of the Parties:Party A: [Identity and registration information]甲方身份和注册信息:Party B: [Identity and registration information]乙方身份和注册信息:Rights and Obligations of Each Party:1. Rights and obligations of Party A:1. 甲方的权利和义务:2. Rights and obligations of Party B:2. 乙方的权利和义务:Performance Mode:1. Party A shall [actions to be taken by Party A].1. 甲方应[由甲方执行的动作]2. Party B shall [actions to be taken by Party B].2. 乙方应[由乙方执行的动作]Time Limit:The contract is valid from [start date] to [end date].合同有效期从[开始日期]至[结束日期]Breach of Contract Liability:If any party breaches the contract, the breaching party shall bear legal responsibility and compensate for any losses incurred by the other party.如任何一方违反本合同,违反方应承担法律责任并赔偿对方因此而产生的损失。

合同翻译(全)

合同翻译(全)
注释:
(1)this agreement is hereby made and entered into:特此订立本协议
在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下4个动词:sign (make, conclude or enter into) this agreement,按照同义词连用的写作特点,可用上述4个动词中的两个来表示)。
注释:
(1)hereby:特此
(2)hereinafter referred to as Party A:以下称甲方
(3)on the principle of equality and mutual benefit:在平等互利基础上
(4)through amicable consultation:通过友好协商
参考译文:
业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。
注释:
(1)hereby: by reason of this特此
(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同
例2
Foreign trade dealers as mentioned in this Law shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, cover such legal entities and other organization as are engaged in foreign trade dealings.
参考译文:
仲裁员因回避或者其它原因不能履行职责的,应当依照本法规定重新选定或指定仲裁员。

合同翻译术语

合同翻译术语

合同翻译术语
合同翻译是一项需要高度专业知识和准确性的工作。

在合同翻译过程中,有许多术语需要准确翻译,以确保合同的合法性和有效性。

以下是一些常见的合同翻译术语范本,供参考:
1. 合同 Contract。

2. 条款 Clause。

3. 协议 Agreement。

4. 双方 Parties。

5. 法律适用 Governing Law。

6. 争议解决 Dispute Resolution。

7. 违约 Breach。

8. 保密协议 Confidentiality Agreement。

9. 赔偿 Indemnification。

10. 解除合同 Termination of Contract。

以上仅是一些合同翻译术语的范本,实际翻译过程中还需要根据具体合同内容和法律要求进行准确翻译。

如果您需要更多专业的合同翻译服务,欢迎咨询我们的专业合同范本专家团队。

合同英文翻译

合同英文翻译

合同英文翻译通常是Contract或Agreement,具体翻译根据合同的类型和内容而有所不同。

以下是一些常见合同的英文翻译:
劳动合同- Employment Contract
购房合同- Property Purchase Contract
租房合同- Tenancy Agreement
婚姻协议- Prenuptial Agreement
借款合同- Loan Agreement
销售合同- Sales Contract
服务合同- Service Agreement
保密协议- Non-Disclosure Agreement
合资协议- Joint Venture Agreement
版权协议- Copyright Agreement
需要注意的是,不同类型的合同所使用的英文翻译可能会有所不同,同时也要根据具体的法律法规和国际惯例进行相应的调整。

因此,在翻译合同时,最好选择专业人士进行翻译和审核,以确保合同内容的准确性和法律效力。

合同名词翻译

合同名词翻译

合同名词翻译合同,也叫协议。

合同的名词解释是: contract of understanding(合同书),是指买卖双方为了明确在未来一定时期内相互权利和义务而达成的协议。

partnership合作;合伙;合股;合资;consanguineous agreement 双边协议;coordination合作的安排;arrangement安排;协议;协定;合同;agreement契约;understanding合意;理解;contract contract 协议;law合同法;合同法合同的名词解释是: contract of understanding(合同书),是指买卖双方为了明确在未来一定时期内相互权利和义务而达成的协议。

agreement contract合同;协定;合同;arrangement合作的安排;协议;terms约束;条款;规则《联合国宪章》(United Nations Charter)为代表的联合国会员国为促进国际间之友好关系及合作,保持国际和平及安全,增进各会员国间经济、社会、文化及福利之发展,为实现此宗旨之原则,经大会之建议及各会员国之同意所组织之国际组织。

《联合国宪章》(United Nations Charter)为代表的联合国会员国为促进国际间之友好关系及合作,保持国际和平及安全,增进各会员国间经济、社会、文化及福利之发展,为实现此宗旨之原则,经大会之建议及各会员国之同意所组织之国际组织。

合同的名词解释是: contract of understanding(合同书),是指买卖双方为了明确在未来一定时期内相互权利和义务而达成的协议。

《中华人民共和国合同法》是为了保护合同当事人的合法权益,维护社会经济秩序,促进社会主义现代化建设事业的发展而制定的。

于1999年3月15日由第九届全国人民代表大会第二次会议通过,自1999年10月1日起施行。

该法是在总结我国合同立法经验的基础上制定的,它是合同领域的一部基本法。

合同翻译参考(中英文).doc

合同翻译参考(中英文).doc

2002DATED [日期] [CONTRACT NAME][合同名称]-by and between-合同双方[PARTY A NAME]PARTY A[甲方名称]-and-与[PARTY B NAME]PARTY B[乙方名称]TABLE OF CONTENTPRELIMINARY STATEMENT1.DEFINITIONS2.[OPERATIVE CLAUSES]3.CONDITIONS PRECEDENT4.REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES5.TERM6.TERMINATION7.CONFIDENTIALITY8.BREACH OF CONTRACT9.FORCE MAJEURE10.SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES11.APPLICABLE LAW12.MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONSSCHEDULE A DEFINITIONS1、定义2、[具体操作条款]3、[如有必要,根据交易具体情况设定相应先决条件]4、陈述和担保[保证]5、合同期限6、合同终止7、保密义务8、违约9、不可抗力10、争议的解决11、适用法律12、其他规定THIS CONTRACT('"Contracf^is made in [city and province],China on this_day of ___________ ,200 by and between [Party A name],[Party A entity form] established and existing under the laws ofChina, with its legal address at [address] (hereinafter referred to as "Party A"), and [Party B name], [Party B entity form] organized and existing under the laws of [Party Bjurisdiction of incoporation] with its legal address at [address] (hereinafter referred to as "Party B"). Party A and Party B shall hereinafter be referred to individually as a "Party " and collectively as the "Parties".本合同于年月日由以下两方在[地点]签订:[甲方名称],一家根据中华人民共和国法律组建及存续的[甲方组织形式],法定地址为[甲方法定地址](以下简称“甲方”):[乙方名称],一家根据[乙方所在国]法律组建及存续的[乙方组织形式],法定地址为[乙方法定地址](以下简称“乙方”)。

合同翻译

合同翻译

一、汉译英1.长期合同a long-term contract2.短期合同a short-term contract3.完成合同Completion of Contract4.期货合同Contract for Future Delivery5.订货合同Contract for Goods6.采购合同Contract for Purchase7.劳务合同Contract for Service8.劳动合同Labor Contract9.买卖合同(证书)contract note10.仲裁合同Contract of Arbitration11.运输合同Contract of Carriage12.客运合同Passenger Carriage Contract13.货运合同Cargo Carriage Contract14.技术合同Technology Contract15.技术开发合同Technology Development Contract16.技术转让合同Technology Transfer Contract17.技术咨询合同Technical Consulting Contract18.技术服务合同Technical Service Contract19.保管合同Safekeeping Contract20.仓储合同Warehousing Contract21.委托合同Agency Appointment Contract22.-行纪合同Trading-Trust Contract23.居间合同Brokerage Contract24.-多式联运合同Multi-modal Carriage Contract25.雇佣合同Contract of Employment26.保险合同Contract of Insurance27.销售合同Contract of Sale28.买卖合同Sales Contract29.供电、水、气、热合同Contract for Supply of Power, Water, Gas , Or Heat30.赠与合同Gift Contract31.借款合同Contract for Loan of Money32.租赁合同Leasing Contract33.融资租赁合同Leasing Contract34.承揽合同Contracts of Hired Work35.建设工程合同Contracts of Hired Work二、英译汉1.contract life 合同有效期2. a nice fat contract 一个很有利的合同3.an executor contract 尚待执行的合同4. a written contract书面合同5.breach of contract违反合同6.cancellation of contract撤消合同7.contract parties合同当事人8.contract period (or contract term) 合同期限9.contract price合约价格10.contract provisions/stipulations合同规定11.contract sales订约销售12.contract terms (or contract clause) 合同条款13.contract wages合同工资14.contract合同,订立合同15.contractor订约人,承包人16.contractual claim根据合同的债权17.contractual damage合同引起的损害18.contractual dispute合同上的争议19.contractual guarantee合同规定的担保20.contractual income合同收入21.contractual liability/obligation合同规定的义务22.contractual practice/usage合同惯例23.contractual specifications合同规定24.contractual terms & conditions合同条款和条件25.contractual合同的,契约的26.contractual-joint-venture合作经营,契约式联合经营27.copies of the contract合同副本28.originals of the contract合同正本29.execution of contract/performance of contract履行合同30.expiration of contract合同期满31.interpretation of contract解释合同32.renewal of contract合同的续订33. This contract is made in two originals that should be held by each party.此合同一式二份,由双方各持一正本。

合同一式三份,翻译

合同一式三份,翻译

合同一式三份,翻译合同英语Contract&agreement 合同和协议1.A contract cannot arise out of an illegal act.违法行为不能构成合约。

2.A contract is established when the acceptance becomes effective. 承诺生效即合同成立。

3.A contract may be modified if the parties reach a conse nsus through consultation. 当事人协商一致即可以变更合同。

4.A person is not liable for debts contracted during his minority.一个人无须对他在未成年时期的合同债务承担责任。

5.A transaction between two parties ought not to operate to the disadvantage of a third. 合约不约束第三人。

6.An acceptance once given cannot be revoked unless the offeror consents.除非要约人同意,承诺一经做出即不得撤回。

7.An acceptance is a statement made by the offeree indicating assent to an offer. 承诺是受要约人同意要约的意思表示。

8.An offeror may withdraw an offer at any time before it has been accepted.在要约被受要约人接受以前,要约人可以随时撤回要约。

9.Any amendment to this contract shall become effective only bya written agreement by Patry A and Party B.对本合同的任何修改,只有经甲、乙双方签署书面协议后方能生效。

英文合同翻译常见词注解

英文合同翻译常见词注解

英文合同翻译常见词注解
以下是常见的英文合同词汇的中文注解:
1. Agreement - 协议,合同
2. Contract - 合同
3. Party - 当事方,合同方
4. Terms and Conditions - 条款和条件
5. Effective Date - 生效日期
6. Termination - 终止
7. Obligations - 义务,责任
8. Representations and Warranties - 陈述和保证
9. Indemnification - 赔偿,偿付
10. Confidentiality - 保密
11. Governing Law - 管辖法律
12. Force Majeure - 不可抗力
13. Liability - 责任,义务
14. Breach - 违约,违反
15. Jurisdiction - 管辖权
17. Amendment - 修改,变更
18. Counterpart - 对应物,一方副本
19. Prevailing Party - 胜诉方
20. Severability - 可分割性,可分离性
这些词汇在英文合同中经常出现,理解它们的含义可以帮助更好地理解合同的内容和约定。

但是,请注意每个合同可能具有特定的上下文和约定,因此在翻译合同时,确保选取最适合具体情况的中文译词。

最常见的英语英语合同翻译

最常见的英语英语合同翻译

最常见的英语英语合同翻译鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文合同的翻译和写作。

合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。

一.hereby英文释义:by means of , by reason of this中文译词:特此,因此,兹用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。

语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.例1:The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.参考译文:业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。

注释:(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此(2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同(3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中(5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价(6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which(7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照(8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款例2:We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof upon your request.注释:(1)hereby:特此(2)to the best of our knowledge:as far as we know据我们所知(3)foregoing statement:above-mentioned statement上述声明(4)herein:in this, in the statement在声明中(5)documentary proof:证明文件参考译文:特此证明,据我们所知,上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意,应贵方要求出具证明文件。

合同中英翻译对照模版

合同中英翻译对照模版

合同中英翻译对照模版CONTRACTTHIS CONTRACT is made and entered into as of [Insert Date], by and between [Insert Party A Name], hereinafter referred to as "Party A", and [Insert Party B Name], hereinafter referred to as "Party B".WITNESSETH:WHEREAS, Party A and Party B desire to establish a contractual relationship concerning [Insert Subject Matter];NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:1. [Insert Article 1 Title][Insert Article 1 Content]2. [Insert Article 2 Title][Insert Article 2 Content]...[Continue with further articles as necessary]IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Contract as of the date first above written.Party A: [Insert Party A Name]By: [Insert Name of Authorized Representative]Party B: [Insert Party B Name]By: [Insert Name of Authorized Representative]Title: [Insert Title of Authorized Representative]SCHEDULES[Insert Schedules if any]THIS AGREEMENT is executed in two counterparts which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.Dated: [Insert Date]合同本合同由以下双方于[插入日期]签订,甲方为[插入甲方名称],以下简称“甲方”,乙方为[插入乙方名称],以下简称“乙方”。

合同英译时易混淆的词

合同英译时易混淆的词

合同英译时易混淆的词在合同翻译过程中,有一些词语容易让人混淆。

以下是一些常见的容易混淆的词语及其正确的英译:1. 甲方和乙方:Party A和Party B (而不是Part A和Part B)2. 履行和执行:Perform和Execute (履行合同是to perform the contract,执行合同是to execute the contract)3. 法定代表人和授权代表人:Legal representative和Authorized representative4. 购买和采购:Purchase和Procure (购买是to purchase,采购是to procure)5. 终止和解除:Terminate和Rescind (终止合同是to terminate the contract,解除合同是to rescind the contract)6. 保密和机密:Confidential和Secret (保密信息是confidential information,机密信息是secret information)7. 违约和违反:Breach和Violate (违约是to breach a contract,违反是to violate a contract)8. 违约金和赔偿金:Liquidated damages和Compensation (违约金是liquidated damages,赔偿金是compensation)9. 合法和合规:Legal和Compliant (合法是legal,合规是compliant)10. 终审和裁决:Final judgment和Arbitration award在翻译合同时,特别注意这些词语的准确使用,以确保合同意义的准确传达。

合同的种类及英文名称规范翻译

合同的种类及英文名称规范翻译
公司设立备忘录 memorandum of incorporation
备忘录(合作备忘录) memorandum
公司设立协议 aricles fo incorporation
公司设立章程 articles of association
意向书 letter of intent
意向性协议,框架性协议 heads of agreement
合同的种类及英文名称规范翻译
一、我国合同法第9章到第23章就合同种类做了概况:
买卖合同 sale contract
电、水、气、热力供应合同 contracts for supply of power, water, gas or heat
赠与合同 gify conrract
借款合同 contract for loan of money
租赁合同 leasiing contract
融资租赁合同 financial leasing contract
承揽合同 work-for-hire contract
建设工程合同 contract for construction projects
Agreement on assignment of equity interests
和解协议 composition agreement
法律顾问协议 employment contract for legal consultant
合资企业合同 joint venture contract
技术服务合同 technical service contract
技术咨询协议 technical consulting agreement
技术开发协议 technical development agreement

合同翻译常用词汇

合同翻译常用词汇

合同翻译常用句型和词汇This contract is made in two originals that should be held by each party. 此合同一式二份,由双方各持一正本。

What is left unmentioned in contract may be added there as an appendix. 本合同未尽事宜,可由双方增补作为合同附件。

The Contract is written in quadruplicate (two for original and copy respectively) which shall become valid on the date of signature. 本合同一式四份(正副本各两份)自签署后生效This Contract is executed in two counterparts each in Chinese and English, each of which shall be deemed equally authentic. This contract is in 2 copies effective since being signed/sealed by both parties. 本合同为中英文两种文本,两种文本具有同等效力。

本合同一式两份。

自双方签字(盖章)之日起生效。

This contract is made by and between the buyers and sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodities according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 本合同由买卖双方签订,根据本合同条款,买方同意购买,卖方同意出售以下产品。

合同和协议的翻译

合同和协议的翻译

Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this Commission
shall be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission.
練 習&補 充

here, there, where 等副词加上in, on, to, by, of, after等介词或介词组合构成的复合词 的使用尤为常见。
hereby hereto thereby
特此,兹 本文件 从而
thereto
whereby whereto
XX中的
凭此协议 对于那个
合同翻译注意词语

合同案例
All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiations, no settlement be reached, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade

商务翻译5合同和协议的翻译

商务翻译5合同和协议的翻译

求同型近义词
与求异型近义词相反,求同型近义词所追求的效果 不是为表达各次之间的差别意义,而是为了表达它 们的共同意义。
[例1] 双方可在必要时通过协商修改本合同。
The parties may, through consultation, make amendments to and revision of this contract as and when the need arise.
At the request of Part B, Part A agrees to send technicians to assist Part B to install the equipment.
e.g. 在加工贸易中,生产方对原材料和产成品都 没有所有权。 In processing transactions, the manufactures never have title either to the materials or the finished products.
买卖合同salescontract委托合同consignmentcontract租赁合同leasecontract雇用合同employmentcontract贮存合同storagecontract代理合同agencycontract抵押合同mortgagecontract仓储合同warehousingcontracttradeagreement贸易协议barteragreement易货协议loanagreement贷款协议clearingagreement清算协议agencyagreement代理协议categoriesofagreementsreparationagreement赔偿协议cooperationagreement合作协议financingagreement融资协议consignmentagreement委托协议confidentialityagreement保密协议合同contract约首preamble正文body约尾witnessclause约首preamble订约日期dateofsigning订约双方signingparties双方合法依据eachpartysauthority订约地点placeofsigning订约缘由recitalsofwhereasclause定义条款definitionclause是对合同书中反复使用的词汇或在合同中具有特定意义的用语进行说明和解释

合同翻译

合同翻译

• In establishing a foreign-funded advertising enterprise ,one shall abide by the present provisions as well as the law of the people's republic of china on Sino-foreign equity joint enterprises, the law of the people's republic of China Foreign -funded Enterprise, the Advertising Law of the People' republic of china, regulations on the management of advertisements, the regulations on the qualifications of advertising operators or issuers of advertisements and the phraseology for determining the business scope of advertising ,and other relevant laws, regulations and rules.

设立外商投资广告企业, 规定外,还应当遵守《 设立外商投资广告企业,除必须遵守本规定外,还应当遵守《中 华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》 华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》、《中华人民共和国中 外合作经营企业法》 中华人民共和国外资企业法》 外合作经营企业法》、《中华人民共和国外资企业法》、 中华人民共和国广告法》 广告管理条例》 《中华人民共和国广告法》、《广告管理条例》、《广告经 营者、广告发布者资质标准及广告经营范围核定用语规范 核定用语规范》 营者、广告发布者资质标准及广告经营范围核定用语规范》 等有关法律、法规、规章。 等有关法律、法规、规章。 • In establishing a foreign-funded advertising enterprise ,one shall abide by the present provisions as well as the law of the people's republic of china on Sino-foreign equity joint enterprises, the law of the people's republic of China Foreign -funded Enterprise, the Advertising Law of the People' republic of china, regulations on the management of advertisements, the regulations on the qualifications of advertising operators or issuers of advertisements and the phraseology for determining the business scope of advertising ,and other relevant laws, regulations and rules.
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a. May:在表示合同上的权利(Right)、权限(Power)或 特权(Privilege)的场合中使用。若表示某种权利在法律 上具有强制性的时候,更多的是“be entitled”。 b. Shall :在合同中并不是单纯的将来时,一般用它来表示 法律上可以强制执行的义务( Obligation )。如未履行, 即视为违约,并构成某种赔偿责任。所以,shall在译文里 ,通常表示“应该”或“必须”,当然,也有不翻译的 时候。例如:
3. 本文(Body)
定义条款 (Definition clause) 基本条款(Basic conditions) 一般条款(General terms and conditions) 合同有效期限 (Duration) 终止 (Termination) 不可抗力 (Force Majeure) 合同的让与 (Assignment) 仲裁 (Arbitration) 适用法律 (governing law) 诉讼管辖 (Jurisdiction) 通知手续 (Notice) 合同的修改 (Amendment) 其他 (Others)
c. Should:在合同中通常只用来表示语气较弱的假设, 多翻译成“万一”或“如果”,极少译成“应该”。
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多用专业词汇
Translate the following terms into Chinese.
1. joint venture 合资企业 2. competitive advantage 竞争优势 3. bid project 竞投项目 4. fulfill obligation 履行义务 5. 50/50 split 平摊
2)Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Beijing. 甲方应将病人遣返中国,负责病人回到北京的旅费 (send back)。
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根据不同的专业来确定词义
3 ) The premium rates vary with differed interests insured. 【interests】被保险的事物 4)If the buyer fails to pay any account when due, the buyer shall be liable to pay the seller overdue interest on such unpaid amount from the due date until the actual date of payment at the rate of five percent per annum, such overdue interest shall be paid upon demand of the seller. 【interests】利息 5 ) The articles of our immediate interest are your “ CHON-HOI” brand Agricultural Washing Machines. 返回章重点 退出 【interests】兴趣
4. 结尾条款 (Witness clause) 结尾语包括合同的分数、使用的文字和效力 等 (Concluding sentence) 签名 (Signature) 盖印 (Seal)
例2:This Contract is made this ____ day of ____, 20 ____, in (place of signature) by and between (name of one party), a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of the country) with its domicile at (address) (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and (name of the other party) a cooperation duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of the country) with its domicile at (address) (hereinafter referred to as
第十八章
应用文体的翻译
Translation of Applied English
Writings
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1. 合同 (Contract)
合同、契约都属于法律性文件,也是应用文的 一种形式。所谓法律性文件,大到指各国的经济法 规、国与国之间的条约、国际公约和国际经济组织 章程,小到指单位与单位或个人与个人之间的普通 经济协议、合作意向书、合同、契约、各种法律证 书以及信用证、提单、发票等具有法律效力的单证 等等。对外经贸法律文件大都有较严格的格式要求。 从语言结构上看,英语法律文件的语句一般较长, 各类短语和从句都具有很强的限定作用。 在翻译成汉语时尽量不要对原句结构进行较大 的改动、调整或断句,以免因结构变化而产生不必 要的意义差异甚至漏洞。
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3. 商务英语的词汇特点与翻译要点
3.1 多使用正式或法律上的用词 1)At the request of Party B, Partt Party B to install the equipment. 应乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技术员帮助乙方安装设 备(help)。
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What is a contract?
A contract is a legal document enforceable by law and binding on the parties involved. It may be formal or informal. The business contract which is generally adopted in international trade activity is the formal written one.
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合同文本的词汇特点
1. 大量存在的贸易术语及法律用语
2. 同义词或近义词叠用 同义或近义词叠用确保了合同行文不被曲解,使 其含义高度精确
3. 经常使用古体词 使用频率较高且最具特色的是由where, there与 in, by, with, after等构成的复合词汇
【译文】 本合同于二零___年___月___日在(签订地点)签订。 合同一方为(一方名称),是一家依照(国家名称)法 律组织而存在的公司,其住所在(地址)(以下简称甲方); 合同另一方为(另一方名称),是一家依照(国家名称) 法律组织而存在的公司,其住所在(地址)(以下简称乙方);
鉴于甲方长期从事(产品名称)的制造和推销,并拥有制造、装 配、推销上述产品的有价值的先进技术; 鉴于乙方长期以来是一家经营上述产品的主要贸易公司,愿意安 排上述产品的制造、装配和推销; 鉴于双方都希望建立一家合资公司,来制造、装配和推销上述 产品; 考虑到上述各点和本合同所载各项条款,以及双方通过签署本合 同而确认收到的彼此间的其他有效相应报酬,双方特定此协议如下:
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【解析】这是一份英语合同样书,有其固定的格式,先写 什么,后写什么都有一定的顺序。合同签订日期、主要条 款、最后条款、许可产品、商标、工业产权、公司名称、 双方厂址、专门的术语行话、合作的条款项目、各自的责 任、使用范围、专有技术、质量控制、费用分担、开发程 序、达到的要求都要写入其中,最后还要写上“Neither party shall terminate this contract without reasonable cause prior to the agreed date of expiration.”(双方均不得无故提前终止合同)的条款。 以约束双方,必须按合同办事。翻译时所采用的顺序基本 和英语一致,结构也大体相同,惟一不同的是汉语译文分 段比英语的多,这是因为汉语合同格式要求所致。用词上 英语多用“Party A”,“Party B”,“whereas”, “therefore”,“hereinafter”,“thereinafter” 等,汉语多用“甲方”,“乙方”,“鉴于”,“以下” 等术语。
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2. 商务合同的构成部分
1.合同名称 Title 2. 前文(前言) Preamble
前言即合同总则,其主要内容有:具有法人资格的 当事人的名称(字号)或姓名、国籍、业务范围、 法定住址、合同签订日期和地点,就感爱好问题的 约因,愿意达成协议的原则及授权范围
1) Date of signing 2) Signing parties 3) Each party’s authority (当事人的合法依据) 4)Place of signing 5) Recitals or WHEREAS clause (定约缘由)
useful expressions
Contracting Parties 协议双方 Means of Contact of Both Parties 双方联系方式 Territory 代理区域 Minimum Turnover 最低业务量 Exclusive Right 独家代理权 Market Report 市场商情报告 Commission 佣金 Industrial Property Rights 工业产权 Termination 协议的终止 Force Majeure 不可抗力的条款 Arbitration 仲裁条款 Terms and conditions 条款
注意合同本身的术语
5 ) Contractor shall assure full responsibility for the entire project work until its acceptance. 初始译文:在项目接收之前,承包方应对工程承担全部 责任。 (验收)
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