广州初中英语语法之学案8非谓语动词
初中英语语法-非谓语动词教案
初中英语语法-非谓语动词教案一、引言非谓语动词是初中英语语法中的一个重要概念，它是指不具备时态和人称变化的动词形式。
初中阶段的学生在学习和运用非谓语动词时常常会遇到一些困惑和难点。
为了帮助学生更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法和运用，本教案将系统地介绍非谓语动词的分类、形式以及应用，并提供相关的例句和练习，希望能够帮助学生加深对非谓语动词的理解和掌握。
二、非谓语动词的分类非谓语动词可分为三类：不定式、动名词和现在分词/过去分词。
1. 不定式不定式是以to + 动词原形构成的，不表示任何时态和人称的动词形式。
a. 主动形式不定式的主动形式用于表示肯定的、目的性的行为。
例如：•I want to go shopping.（我想去购物。
）•They need to finish their homework.（他们需要完成他们的作业。
）b. 被动形式不定式的被动形式表示被动的、无意识的行为。
例如：•The car needs to be repaired.（这辆车需要被修理。
）•I want to be invited to the party.（我想被邀请参加派对。
）2. 动名词动名词是动词+ing的形式，可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
例如：•Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
）•She enjoys singing and dancing.（她喜欢唱歌和跳舞。
）•I saw him running in the park.（我看见他在公园里跑步。
）3. 现在分词/过去分词现在分词和过去分词常用于表示主动或被动的、进行或完成的动作。
例如：•The girl carrying a bag is my sister.（提着包的那个女孩是我妹妹。
）•The broken window needs to be replaced.（那扇破窗户需要被替换。
）三、非谓语动词的应用在英语语法中，非谓语动词有着丰富的应用场景。
2020广东省英语中考特别专题(八) 非谓语动词学案
2020广东英语中考总复习非谓语动词专题考点剖析2020年的中考，广东省教育厅将【不再】编写考试大纲，采用【义务教育英语课程标准2011版】也就是【国标】作为命题标准。
但在语法能力宇词汇能力要求方面：【国标】与【省标】一致，没有变化。
因此，2020中考，我们依旧可以参考广东省教育厅2019年颁布的《2019年广东省初中学业水平考试英语科目考试大纲》来进行语法复习。
据《2019年广东省初中学业水平考试英语科目考试大纲》我们可以得知中考对于非谓语动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点：（1）动词不定式（2）动名词、现在分词考点分析：中考对于非谓语动词的考察要求考生们：（1）掌握非谓语动词的定义；（2）掌握动词不定式的用法；（3）掌握一些特殊结构。
非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词【现在分词和过去分词（done）】，即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。
考点一：动词不定式：to+ do形式：肯定式：to+ 动词原形否定式：not to+动词原形作宾语 ①I want to swim in the pool.②They intend to postpone the trip. ③A good translator is hard to find. 作定语 ①Give him an ornament to polish.②I need a volunteer to take the miuntes. 作状语①The officer returned to help.（目的状语）②My parents will be happy to meet you.（原因状语）形式：①动名词与现在分词同型(v-ing ）动名词的作用例句作主语（谓语动词为单数）Reading helps you learn English.作宾语（有的动词直接加动名词作其宾语；有的加介词后动名词作其宾语）<1>He quit smokin a year ago.<2>I look forward to helping you panit the house.It+形容词+动名词It is no use telling him not to worry. （此类形容词还包括：better 、wonderful 、enjoyable 、interesting 、foolish 、difficult 、useless 、senseless 、worthwhile ） 作表语（对主语进一步说明，相当于一个名词）<1>My job is teaching. <2>Seeing is believing.作定语（表示用途或性质）<1>a swimming pool=a pool for swimming <2>a moving truck=a truck for moving.考点三：不定式与疑问词的连用不定式可以和疑问词who, when, what, how,等构成不定式短语，在句中作主语宾语和表语。
初中英语语法专项复习之非谓语动词种类及句法功能
初中英语语法专项复习之非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述：非谓语动词包括三种:不定式、动名词和分词。
其中，不定式可以表示目的、结果、原因等，动名词则可以表示目的、结果、原因等，分词则可以表示形容词、副词、动词等。
例如:I want to go to the store. (不定式)He enjoys playing soccer. (动名词)The sun is shining brightly in the sky. (分词)（二）非谓语动词的句法功能非谓语动词在句子中可以担任多种不同的语法角色，包括主语、宾语、补语、定语、状语等。
具体来说:不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
例如:The man who I saw yesterday is my friend. (不定式作主语)I want to be a doctor. (不定式作宾语)The problem that we face is too complex. (不定式作表语) He is the man who I saw yesterday. (不定式作定语)To be successful in life, you need to work hard. (不定式作状语)动名词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
例如:The project that we are working on is very important. (动名词作主语)She enjoys playing soccer with her friends. (动名词作宾语)The problem that we face is too complex. (动名词作表语) He is the person who is working hard. (动名词作定语)In order to be successful in life, you need to work hard. (动名词作状语)分词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
初中英语语法大全之非谓语动词
The nation being threatened by nuclear radiation is calling for help. （being threatened作定语，表示被动+进行。） Being threatened by nuclear radiation, the nation is calling for help. （being threatened作状语，表示被动+进行。） He found a good house to live in. （ to live in 作定语，表示目的+将来。） He worked hard to earn enough money for a new house. （to earn 作状语，表示目的+将来）
动作由所修饰的名 词主动发出。
to do
He is the right man to do the job. I have no chance to go sightseeing.
done
The material used by the factory is from Thailand. The destroyed bridge needs repairing.
主动 被动
常见非谓语动词的用法
非谓语动词与逻辑主 语间的关系
非谓语动词的形式
主动 被动
doing （动作和谓语动词同时发生，或者基本上同时发生） having done （动作在谓语动词之前发生） to do（动作在谓语动词之后发生） done（动作在谓语动词之前已结束，或者不强调动作发生的具体时间） being done（动作和谓语动词同时发生） having been done（动作在谓语动词之前发生） to be done（动作发生在非谓语动词之后）
初中英语语法之非谓语动词
初中英语语法之非谓语动词1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。
可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。
2.动词不定式：to + 动词原形。
1）一般式：主动语态：to do ，被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词2）进行式：主动语态：to be doing ，被动语态：无3）完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词4）用法：A. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language .B. 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the workon time .C. 作宾语：a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch .b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don’t k now where to put thebike .c. 动词+形式宾语+宾补+to do I find it important to learna second foreign language .D. 作补语：a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes .b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词He often saw Tom play football .E. 作状语：a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren’t old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F.作定语：I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .5）动词不定式to 的省略：A. 在感官动词feel，hear，see，watch，notice 及使役动词have，let，make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to.I often saw him go out of the room .——He was often seen to go out of the room by me .B.在had better，would rather，do nothing but等后面常省to.6）动词不定式的否定形式：not + to do ，有时也可以用-never + to do 结构。
最新精编 广东省 中考英语复习语法考点课件：非谓语动词及其考点
考点梳理
作主语 作表语
作宾语
作宾语补 足语 作定语 作状语
【考点精练】
( ) 1. She reached the top of the hill and 考点梳理
stopped ________ on a big rock. A. to have rested B. to rest C. resting D. rest ( ) 2. —Look! The lights in the classroom are still on. —Oh, I forgot _________. A. turning them off B. turn them off C. to turn them off D. having turned them off ( ) 3. The house is not big enough for us all __________. A. to live in B. to be lived in C. to live D. for living in
句法作用
例句 To learn a foreign language is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language. The important thing is to finish the work on time. I hope to travel all over the world one day. Can you tell me how to do it = what to do Lucy asked him to turn off the radio. The father made his son study hard. We have a lot of homework to do every day. She went to see her grandma last Sunday.
初中英语语法讲解非谓语动词
初中英语语法讲解：非谓语动词定义及构成非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词〔现在分词和过去分词〕,.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分它有三种形式：不定式,分词〔现在分词、过去分词〕,动名词1．非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：〔1〕如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如：They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.〔2〕都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.〔3〕都有主动与被动, "体"式〔一般式；进行式；完成式〕的变化.例如：He was punished by his parents.〔谓语动词被动语态〕He avoided being punished by his parents.〔动名词的被动式〕We have written the composition.〔谓语动词的完成时〕Having written the composition, we handed it in.〔现在分词的完成式〕〔4〕都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.〔谓语动词的逻辑主语〕The boss ordered them to start the work.〔动词不定式的逻辑主语〕We are League members.〔谓语动词的主语〕We being League member, the work was well done.〔现在分词的逻辑主语〕2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：〔1〕非谓语动词可以有名词作用〔如动词不定式和动名词〕,在句中做主语、宾语、表语.〔2〕非谓语动词可以有形容词作用〔如动词不定式和分词〕,在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语.〔3〕非谓语动词可以有副词作用〔如动词不定式和分词〕,在句中作状语.〔4〕谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制.<5>英语中不能单独做句子的谓语.[编辑本段]功能及用法<一>动词不定式：〔to〕+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征.否定式：not + <to> do〔1〕一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.例如：I'm glad to meet you.He seems to know a lot.We plan to pay a visit.He wants to be an artist.The patient asked to be operated on at once.The teacher ordered the work to be done.〔2〕进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如：The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.〔3〕完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如：I regretted to have told a lie.I happened to have seen the film.He is pleased to have met his friend.2．不定式的句法功能：〔1〕作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.To lose your heart means failure.动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.It means failure to lose your heart.常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+to do.2、It takes sb.+some time+to do.3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do.4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do.常用careless,,clever,go od,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语.〔2〕作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.He appears to have caught a cold.〔3〕作宾语：常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式〔宾语〕后面有宾语补足语,那么用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语〔不定式〕后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如：Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如：I have no choice but to stay here.He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如：He gave us some advice on how to learn English.〔4〕作宾语补足语：在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：w ant, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepar e, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如：With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema．有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如：I saw him cross the road.He was seen to cross the road.〔5〕作定语：动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后.与所修饰名词有如下关系：①动宾关系：I have a meeting to attend.注意：不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如：He found a good house to live in.The child has nothing to worry about.What did you open it with?如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词：He has no place to live.This is the best way to work out this problem.如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：Have you got anything to send?Have you got anything to be sent?②说明所修饰名词的内容：We have made a plan to finish the work.③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：He is the first to get here.〔6〕作状语：①表目的：He worked day and night to get the money.She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：wrong：To save money, every means has been tried. right：To save money, he has tried every means. wrong：To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. right：To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.②表结果：He arrived late to find the train gone.常用only放在不定式前表示强调：I visited him only to find him out.③表原因：They were very sad to hear the news.④表程度：It's too dark for us to see anything.The question is simple for him to answer.〔7〕作独立成分：To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked.〔8〕不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词.If you don't want to do it, you don't need to.〔9〕不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to.He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.〔二〕动名词：动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能.1．动名词的形式： Ving否定式：not + 动名词〔1〕一般式：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实.〔2〕被动式：He came to the party without being invited．他未被邀请就来到了晚会. 〔3〕完成式：We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影.〔4〕完成被动式：He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years ol d.他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过.〔5〕否定式：not + 动名词I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告.〔6〕复合结构：物主代词〔或名词所有格〕+ 动名词He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次.His not knowing English troubled him a lot.他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦.2．动名词的句法功能：〔1〕作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的.Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣.当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语.It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的.〔2〕作表语：In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs.在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵.〔3〕作宾语：They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝.We have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染.注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句.此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,那么常用形式宾语it,例如：We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好.要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid〔避免〕, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit〔承认〕,deny〔否认〕, mind, permit, forbid, practise, ri sk〔冒险〕, appreciate〔感激〕, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can' t help〔情不自禁地〕, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…<from>,keep …fr om, stop…〔from〕,protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…<in>, succee d in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like〔4〕作定语：He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路.Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗？〔5〕作同位语：The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密.His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged．他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变.〔三〕现在分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能.1、现在分词的形式：否定式：not + 现在分词〔1〕现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语.例如：They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去.Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球.〔2〕现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作.The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要.Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistak e.被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误.2．现在分词的句法功能：〔1〕作定语：现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后.In the following years he worked even harder.在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲.现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如：in the following yea rs也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.〔2〕现在分词作表语：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒.The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心.be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构.〔3〕作宾语补足语：如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen t o, look at, leave, catch等.例如：Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着.〔4〕现在分词作状语：①作时间状语：<While> Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人.②作原因状语：Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人.③作方式状语,表示伴随：He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗.④作条件状语：<If> Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间.⑤作结果状语：He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎.⑥作目的状语：He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了.⑦作让步状语：Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了.⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head．我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上.All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedl y.所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了.Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习.有时也可用with <without> +名词〔代词宾格〕+分词形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了.⑨作独立成分：udging from<by> his appearance, he must be an actor.从外表看,他一定是个演员.Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心.〔四〕过去分词：过去分词只有一种形式：规那么动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成.不规那么动词的过去分词没有统一的规那么要求,要一一记住.过去分词的句法功能：1．过去分词作定语：Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行.Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会.注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面.过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句.2．过去分词作表语：The window is broken. 窗户破了.They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕.注意：be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态.区别：The window is broken.〔系表〕The window was broken by the boy.〔被动〕有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成.如：boiled water〔开水〕 fallen leaves〔落叶〕newly arrived goods〔新到的货〕 the risen sun〔升起的太阳〕the changed world〔变了的世界〕这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, return ed, passed等.3．过去分词作宾语补足语：I heard the song sung several times last week.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次.有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语：With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了.4．过去分词作状语：Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲.〔表示原因〕Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了.〔表示时间〕Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好.〔表示条件〕Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the bo y.虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子.〔表示让步〕Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞.[编辑本段]典型习题1．The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B.C,did’t include women player s until 1919.A.first playingB.to be first playedC.first playedD.to be first playing析：根据题干,必须选表示被动的选项,故排除A、D；因B选项表"将要被举行"意,不合题干之用,只有C选项〔相当于which was first played〕才合用.2．European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.to make析：B、C是谓语动词,在此不可用.D项to make或表目的,或表"将要使得",这都不合题干情景.只有A.making,可作状语,表结果.再举一现在分词作结果状语例：The bus was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.公共汽车被大风雪所阻,因而耽误了.3．Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.析：根据this evening,应选表示将来义的选项,C、D应排除.Take后无宾语,必然要用被动式,故答案为A.4．John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.A.to washB.washingC.washD.to be washing析：根据be made to do sth.句式,可定答案为A.5．The patient was warned ______ oily food after the operation.A.to eat notB.eating notC.not to eatD.not eating析：根据warn sb.<not>to do sth.句式,可排除B、D两项；又根据非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位的规律,又可排除A,而定C.6．——I usually go there by train. ——Why not ______ by boat for a change?A.to try goingB.trying to goC.to try and goD.try going析：此题可根据why not后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为D.若将B项改为try to go,那么要根据其与try going意义之别来确定答案.依据题干对话内容,乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样,所以答案仍为D.7．______ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receivingB.Receiving notC.Not having receivedD.Having not received析：非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位,B、D皆为错误形式.A项不能表达先于decided的动作,只有选C项才表没收到信在先,决定再写信在后,所以C为正确答案.8．Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first compute r.A.to inventB.inventingC.to have inventedD.having mvented析：consider表"考虑"意时,其后动词用doing形式,此处不表"考虑",而表"认为",这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为to do,to have done,to be等形式.据此可排除B、D两个选项.又因A表"要发明"意,不合题用,只有C表"发明了"意,才合题用,故选C.9．Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.A.invitedB.to inviteC.being invitedD.had been invited析："被邀请参加晚会",应选表被动意的选项,B不可用.D项少引导词who,也应排除.又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语,C也应排除,只有A.invited<＝who we re invited>才是正确答案.10．The murderer was brought in,with his hands ______ behind his ba ck.析：B表主动意,应排除.C表"将要被捆绑",A表"正在被捆绑"都不合题意,只有D项填入空白才能表达"双手被反绑着"这一意思,符合题干情景.再看一类似例句： He c ame in,<with>his head held high.他昂首走了进来.[编辑本段]更多练习1.______ more attention,the trees could have grown better.2.The first textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign lan guage came out in the 16th century.A.to be writtenB.writtenC.being writtenD.having written3.The missing boys were last seen ______ near the river.4.______ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.5.When passing me he pretended ______ me.A.to seeB.not having seenC.to have not seenD.not to have seen6.The children insisted ______ there on foot.7.He still remembers ______ to Shanghai when he was very young.A.takingB.being takenC.takenD.having taken8.______ the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.A.Arriving at;to find B ing to;discovering thatC.On arriving at;finding outD.Hurrying to;to have found out9.With the boy ______ the way,we had no trouble ______ the way ___ ___ to Zhongshan Park.A.leading;finding;leadingB.to lead;found;to leadC.led;finding;led D.leading;found;led10.______ these pictures,I cou ldn’t help thinking of those days wh en I was in Being and ______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.A.Seeing;seenB.Seen;seeingC.Seeing;seeingD.Seen;seen11.I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.12.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the ai r ______ against your face.A.movedB.movingC.movesD.to move13.______ is known to all,China will be an ______ and powerful cou ntry in 20 or 30 years’ ti me.A.That;advancingB.This;advancedC.As;advancedD.It;advancing14.While shopping,people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying s omething they don’t really need.A.persuadeB.persuadingC.being persuadedD.be persuaded15.There was terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.A.followedB.followingC.to be followedD.being followed16.Please excuse my ______ in without ______ .A e;permittedB ing;permittedC img;being permitted D.to come;being permitted17.______ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting ______ then.A.Holding;being heldB.Held;holdingC.Having held;heldD.Held;to be held18.——Did you hear her ______ this pop song this time the other d ay?——Yes,and I heard this song ______ in English.A.sing;singingB.sung;sungC.sung;singingD.singing;sung19.The question ______ now at the meeting is not the question ____ __ yesterday.A.discussed;discussedB.discussing;had discussedC.being discussed; discussedD.discussing;discussing20.With the cooking ______ ,I went on ______ some sewing.A.done;to doB.being done;doingC.to be done;doingD.to have done; doing21.It is no use ______ your past mistakes.A. regrettingB. regretC. to regretD. regretted22.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing ______ to her,only ___ ___ her five children.A.left;to leaveB.leaving;leavingC.leaving;leftD.left;leaving23.I am very busy.I have a very difficult problem ______ .A.to workB.to work outC.to be worked outD.to work it out24.I would appreciate ______ back this affernoon.A.you to callB.you callC.your callingD.you’re calling25.Climbing mountains was ______ ,so we all felt ______ .A.tiring;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiringD.tired;tired26.I saw some villagers ______ on the bench at the end of the roo m.A.seatingB.seatC.seatedD.seated themselves27.She was glad to see her child well ______ care of.28.It is one of the important problems ______ tomorrow.29.______ maps properly,you need a special pen.A.DrawnB.DrawingC.To drawD.Be drawing30.There is a river ______ around our school.A.to runB.runC.runningD.to be running31.How about the two of us ______ a walk down the garden?A.to takeB.takeC.takingD.to be taken32.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way back home, but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set. ______ when I got home.A.lying;stolenying;stealingy;stolenD.lying;stealing33.Whth the kind－hearted boy ____ me with my work,I’m sure I’ll be able to spare time ___ with your work.A.to help;help you outB.helping;helping youC.helped;to help you outD.to help;to help you34.Greatly movedd by her words, ______ .A.tears came to his eyes B .he could hardly hold back his tearsC. tears could hardly be held backD. his eyes were filled with te ars.35.——I hope the children won’t touch the dog.——I’ve warned them ______ .A.notB.not toC.not touchD.not do36.I would love ______ to the party last night but I had to work e xtra hours to finish a report.A.to goB.to have goneC.goingD.having gone37.When ______ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and said nothing.A.been askedB.askedC.askingD.to be asked38.The man kept silent in the room unless ______ .A.spoken toB.spoke toC.spokenD.to speak39.He was often listened ______ in the next room.A.singB.sungC.to singD.to to sing40.Rather than ______ on a crowded bus,he always prefers ______ a bicycle.A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;to rideD.to ride;riding41.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ______ .A.not toB.not to doC.not do itD.do not to42.What’s troubling them is ______ enough experienced workers.A.that they have toB.they have notC.their not havingD.not their having43.______ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.A.Not knowingB.Knowing notC.Not having knownD.Having not know44.Bamboo is used ______ houses in some places .A.to buildB.to buildingC.to be builtD.being built45.Go on ______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A.to doB.doingC.withD.to be doing46.The day we looked forward to ______ .A eB ing C.has come D.have come47.Whom would you rather ______ the work?A.to have to doB.to have doC.have to doD.have do48.Do you think it any good ______ with him again?A.to talkB.talkingC.to talkingD.having talked49.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .A.accepting fullyB.being fully acceptedC.fully acceptingD.fully being accepted50.The government forbids ______ such bad books.非谓语动词专练答案1―5 C B D B D 6―10 C B A A A 11―15 C B C C B 16―20 C A D C A21―25 A D B C A 26―30 C C B C C 31―35 C A D B B 36―40 B B A D C41―45 A C A A A 46―50 C D A B D[编辑本段]注意事项1． "to" 是不定式符号还是介词,下列短语中的to 都是介词.agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ,equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to2．带to 还是不带toI have no choice but to give inI cannot do anything but give inI saw him enter the classroom .〔但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .〕3．动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记的.但是有时用of .It’s necessary for you to study hard .It’s foolish of him to do it .与of 连用的形容词有：good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , caref ul , careless , polite , possible4．后接不定式作宾语的动词有：want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语,而要用it做形式宾语.例如：通常不说We think to obey the laws is important . 而说We think it important to obey the laws .5．不定式的省略.下列短语中,如果意义明确,常常省略到to .want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , ought to , need to , used to , be able to6．不定式作定语,应注意两种关系：1〕动宾关系：He has a lot of meeting to attend .Please lend me something to write with .He is looking for a room to liveHe is looking for a room to live in .He has no money and no placeto live < in > .I think the best way to travel < by > is on foot .There is no time to think < about > .2〕主谓关系：She is always the last < person> to speak at the meeting .----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post . <逻辑主语是I >-------Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now < 逻辑主语不是I >7．不定式作状语,可以有以下几种意义：1〕原因He is lucky to get here on time .这种结构中常用的形容词有：happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious . luc ky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy2> 目的He came to help me with my maths .3> 结果I hurried to get there only to find him out .The book is too hard for the boy to read .He is old enough to go to school .8 . 不定式作补足语I saw him play in the street just now .能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有：see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice注: 当这些词为被动式时,不定式要带to , 如：He was seen to play in the street just now.二．动名词1．There’s no telling what will happen .=It’s impossible to tell what will happen .= No one can tell what will happen .2．It’s no use talking with him .It’s no good speaking to them like that .3．There’s some difficulty < in > doing …在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下单词替换:trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time注意以下几个问题：1．下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别,forget to do … 忘记要做某事forget doing… 忘记做了某事remember to do…记住要做某事remember doing …记着做了某事mean to do … 有意要做某事mean doing … 意味着做了某事regret to do …〔do指代有限的几个词,如say、tell〕很抱歉要告诉你…regret doing … 对做过去的事后悔can’t help to do…不能帮助做某事can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事try to do … 尽力去做某事try doing 试着做某事learn to do … 学着去做某事learn doing … 学会做某事stop to do … 停下来去做〔另一件事〕stop doing … 停止做某事go on to do … 接着做〔另外一件事〕go on doing … 继续做某事used to do … 过去做某事be used to doing … 习惯做某事2．动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区别动名词作定语表达 n+ for doing 的含义现在分词作定语表达 n+which<who> be doing的含义如：a sleeping car = a car for sleepinga running horse = a horse which is running前者是动名词 , 后者是现在分词又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy3．动名词的逻辑主语：动名词的逻辑主语为代词或名词的所有格形式.例如：His coming made us very happy .4．动名词的语态和时态5．动名词主动形式表被动的情况：need doing , want doing , require doing例如： This room needs painting . 这个房间需要粉刷.6．只能跟动名词作宾语的动词：admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit . practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get do wn to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succee d in , set about, give up , include ,三．分词1 The story is interesting . I’m interested in it .这个故事有兴趣,我对这个故事感兴趣.2 . This is a moving film .这是一部动人的电影.3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long spe ech for the president .秘书工作到深夜,为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿.4. Given more time , I’ll do it well .如果给我多一点时间,我会做的更好.When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank .当他后街时,看到小偷正从银行偷钱.应注意的几个问题：1．现在分词与过去分词的区别Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ?The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.2．分词作表语The news sounds encouraging .They got very excited .1〕现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别：The news is interesting .He is interested in the news .doing 作表语,主语与表语是主谓关系；done 作表语,主语与表语是动宾关系.2〕表语与被动式的区别：The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming .〔强调动作〕The blackboard is broken . You’d better have it repaired.〔强调状态〕3〕常作表语的过去分词：amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gon e , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done3．现在分词、动名词现在进行时的区别The situation in our country is encouraging . <表语>The situation in our country is encouraging the people . < 现在进行时>My job is looking after the little baby . <动名词>能回答how-question 的是现在分词,能回答what-question 的动名词,即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是现在进行时.例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging .What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby .4．注意的四种结构：have something to do 有某事要做have something done 使某事被做have somebody do something 使某人做某事have something doing 让某事一直做着5．需要跟反身代词作宾语的动词：seat , prepare , hide , dress如：I seated myself on the chair .I was seated on the chair .6．分词做状语与不定式的区别：分词做状语表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式、伴随等；而不定式表示目的和结果.Having finished the homework , I went home . 〔时间〕Being a Party member , I should work hard . 〔原因〕Given more time ,I can do my work better . 〔条件〕He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy. 〔伴随〕To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder . < 目的 >He is old enough to join the army . 〔结果〕7．分词、动名词和不定式作定语的区别a running horse 现在分词 = a horse that is runninga fallen leaf 过去分词 = a leaf that has already fallena walking stick 动名词 = a stick for walkingsomething to do 不定式 = something that I should do8．不定式被动式、分词的被动式和过去分词的区别：I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting . < 将来>The building being built on the river is the Science Museum . 〔正在进行〕。
初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词
初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）。
1）不定式a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。
例如：2. worth 的用法worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词，意为"值得"。
1) worth：be worth + n.当名词为金钱时，表示"…… 值得……"常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth（someone’s）while doingbe worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。
2) worthy：be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3) worthwhile：be worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。
典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。
选C。
动词不定式动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。
初中英语语法之非谓语动词
初中英语语法之非谓语动词非谓语动词1.定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。
可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。
2.动词不定式：to + 动词原形(在某些情况下可以不带to )。
(没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化)○1 一般式：主动语态：to do , 被动语态：to be + 动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)○2 进行式：主动语态：to be doing , 被动语态：无(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)○3 完成式：主动语态：to have +动词过去分词，被动语态：to have been +动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生)○4 用法：A. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It's not easy to learn a foreign language .B. 作表语：The most important thing is to finish the work on time .C. 作宾语：a. 动词+to do . He decided to buy a new watch . (agree, choose, want, hope, like, wish, learn, love, plan, try, start, afford …)b. 动词+疑问词+to do I don't know where to put the bike .c. 动词+形式宾语(it)+宾补+to do I find it important to learn a second foreign language .D. 作补语：a. 动词+宾语+to do Tom asked me to show him the new shoes . (tell, wish, ask, want, like, beg, invite, allow, encourage…)b. 动词+宾语+不带to的动词He often saw Tom play football .(see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have, make, let…)E. 作状语：a. 表示目的：He went to Guangzhou to see his sons . He got up early in order to catch the first bus .b. 表示结果：He is too tired to walk any farther . They aren't old enough to go to school .c. 表示原因：He is sorry to hear that . I am glad to see you .F.作定语：I have something to tell you . I want to buy something to eat .○5 动词不定式to 的省略：A. 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice 及使役动词have, let, make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to。
中考英语语法之非限定动词(非谓语动词)的运用
初中英语语法之非限定动词（非谓语动词）的运用非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分非限定动词的种类意义和运用1)非限定动词(verbal)有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种2)非限定动词和限定动词的基本区别a)限定动词在句子中可以单独作谓语动词，非限定动词在句中则不能单独作谓语动词b)限定动词的形式要与主语的人称和数一致，而非限定动词的形式则不受主语的人称和数的限制。
如Helikestosing它他喜欢唱歌。
Theyliketosing他们喜欢唱歌。
限定动词like受主语人称和数的限制，的形式与主语一致。
第一句为likes，第二句为like。
非限定动词sing则不受这种限制，它的形式不随主语而改变。
Themanwalkinginfrontwascarryingaflag走在前面的人打着一面旗子Themenwalkinginfrontwerecarryingflags.走在前面的人们都打着旗子限定动词be受主语的人称和数的限制，它的形式须与主语一致。
第一句为was，第二句为were.非限定动词walking则不受主语的限制，它的形式不随主语而改变。
3)非限定动词的双重性a)非限定动词有动词的特征:(a)如果非限定动词是及物动词，须有宾语(b)非限定动词可以由状语来修饰。
(C)非限定动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
b)非限定动词还有一些非动词的特征它相当于名词、形容词等，在句子里可以作这些词类所能用作的句子成分非限定动词双重性举例:He promised to do it tonight.他答应今天晚上做。
(非限定动词todo的动词性质表现在它有宾语"和状语tonight它的非动词性质表现在它用作promised的宾语。
)I am sorry to haved is turbed you.我打扰你了，对不起，(to haved is turbed是动词不定式to disturb的完成式，说明非限定动词有时态上的变化，这也是非限定动词的动词性质。
广州初中英语语法之学案8非谓语动词
广州卓越教育机构1对 1重点语法学案姓名：非谓语动词专题Part I Warming-up: Oral Practice你读我译(注意划线部分)Greeting (pay attention to the underlined words)“Hello, boys and girls! I’m glad to see you. Standing here, I feel very happy. I want to make friends with all of you! I hope to make you all prepare well for the study of English. I wish all of you could have your work done well!★非谓语动词三大形式:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________辨一辨Present the New LessonI. Read-aloud:Sentence 1: It is so interesting to learn English and History.(句子成分：_______)Sentence 2: Do you want to do play basketball with Kobe? (_______)Sentence 3: Lady Gaga often hears the old man sing the old song. (_______)Sentence 4: Han Han is always the first to come to school and the last to leave. (_______) Sentence 5: Obama hurried to the school only to find it was Sunday! (________)※规律小结：不定式作主语时往往放在谓语_______，用_______作形式主语。
初中英语语法-非谓语动词教案
初中英语语法-非谓语动词教案初中英语语法-非谓语动词教案一非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述：在英语中，不作句子谓语，但仍具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Partiiple）；过去分词（the Past Partiiple）。
（二）非谓语动词的句法功能1）逻辑主语为了强调是谁发出的一个动作，我们往往要有主语明确表现。
由于非谓语动词在句中不做谓语，所以强调谁发出的动作就不明显。
但它又有动词的某些特征，在这种情况下，就有了其逻辑上的主谓关系。
在英语中，非谓语动词的逻辑主语各有其不同的表现方式，也是常考的一个语法项目，尤其是动名词和分词的逻辑主语。
现在简要分析一下在不定式、动名词和分词中的逻辑主语。
①不定式的逻辑主语是同过介词f 和fr体现的。
这两个介词使用的区别是：当表语是表示主语的性质或特征时（如：gd, nie, ise, generus, flish, lever, sill, rng, stupid, areless, nsiderate, iplite, naught等等），我们使用f; 其它的使用fr。
请看例句：It is unise f the t turn dn the prpsal 他们拒绝这个建议很不明智。
It is generus f u t sta us fr the night 难为你这么慷慨留我们过夜。
It is a great hnr fr us t attend this rall 我们很荣幸参加这个大会。
It is ver dangerus fr hildren t si in the reservir 孩子们在水库里游泳很危险。
②动名词的逻辑主语是在动名词前用名词或代词表现的。
在句首时一般要使用所有格，在句中一般使用其通格。
例如：ar’s grunting ntinuusl anned her husband, and her ther’s staing ith the as the last stra玛丽的不断唠叨已经使她丈夫很烦，她母亲和他们一块住更使他们的关系雪上加霜。
初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词精讲
初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词精讲一、构成与特征动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，由“to+动词原形”构成，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也保留动词的一些特征，可以带宾语、状语或宾语补足语等。
例如：He tried to work out the problem in five minutes.他试图在五分钟之内算出这道题。
(带宾语和状语)This country, my country, is a place of dreamers who have the faith and the will to make dreamscometrue.这个国家，我的祖国，是一片让那些有信心和意志让梦想成真的人梦寐以求的国土。
(带宾语和补足语)I am sorry to have kept youwaiting.对不起，让您久等了。
(完成时)I am glad to have been given a chance to visit your country.我很高兴有机会访问贵国。
(完成时，被动语态)不定式在许多场合具有情态意义。
作主语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的主语从句；作定语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的定语从句；作宾语时，相当于一个带有情态动词的宾语从句；作目的状语时，相当于由sothat或in order that引导的目的状语从句。
例如：It is right for her to say so.她这样说是对的。
(=It is right that she should say so.)He has a lot of work to do.他有许多工作要做。
(=...that heshould/ must do.)I don't know where to get theticket.我不知道在哪里能弄到票。
(=..where I could get the ticket.) She opened the door for the children to come in.她开了门，让孩子们进来。
英语非谓语动词教案
英语非谓语动词经典教案第一章：非谓语动词概述1.1 非谓语动词的定义非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语成分的动词形式。
非谓语动词包括动名词、分词和不定式三种形式。
1.2 非谓语动词的作用非谓语动词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语等成分。
非谓语动词可以用来表示动作的进行、状态、结果、原因等。
第二章：动名词2.1 动名词的构成动名词由动词的现在分词形式加上-ing构成。
一些动词在变为动名词时，需要双写词尾字母再加-ing。
2.2 动名词的用法动名词作主语、宾语、定语、状语等成分。
动名词表示一般性动作，可以表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
第三章：分词3.1 分词的构成分词有现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
现在分词由动词的过去分词形式加上-ing构成，过去分词则是由动词的过去分词形式直接构成。
3.2 分词的用法分词作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式等。
分词作定语时，可以修饰名词，表示名词的特征或属性。
第四章：不定式4.1 不定式的构成不定式由动词的现在分词形式加上to构成，有时to可以省略。
4.2 不定式的用法不定式作主语、宾语、定语、状语等成分。
不定式表示具体的、一次性的动作，可以表示目的、结果、原因等。
第五章：非谓语动词的辨析与运用5.1 动名词、分词和不定式的区别与联系动名词表示一般性动作，分词表示持续性动作，不定式表示具体性动作。
动名词作主语时表示泛指，分词和不定式作主语时表示特指。
分词作定语时表示名词的特征或属性，不定式作定语时表示名词的具体身份或作用。
5.2 非谓语动词在句子中的运用根据句子的意义和语法结构，选择合适的非谓语动词形式。
注意非谓语动词在句子中的作用和意义，避免混淆和错误使用。
第六章：非谓语动词的时态和语态6.1 非谓语动词的时态非谓语动词的时态变化主要体现在不定式和动名词上。
不定式和动名词都可以使用进行时、完成时和完成进行时态。
6.2 非谓语动词的语态非谓语动词的语态变化主要体现在分词上。
初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词学习
初中英语语法学习之非谓语动词学习用作状语的非谓语动词1. 表示时间、条件、方式、让步或伴随情况，通常用现在分词或过去分词；若句子主语与非谓语动词是主动关系，用现在分词；若句子主语与非谓语动词是被动关系，用过去分词或现在分词分词的被动式。
2. 表示目的，通常要用不定式；表目的的不定式所表示的动作通常发生在谓语动词之后，且常用于 in order to, so as to 结构。
有时为了强调，可将不定式短语放到句首。
3. 表示原因，通常用分词短语，且多放在句首，有时也放在句末，多用逗号隔开。
在表示情绪或情感反应的形容词(如 happy, glad, sorry, sad, surprised, frightened, delighted, disappointed)后，可接不定式短语表示原因。
4. 表示结果，用不定式或现在分词均可，但有区别：不定式表结果，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，有时表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的，不定式前常加 only，另外还用于 too…to, enough to, never to, so / such … as to 等固定结构中；现在分词表示结果，是伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生)，前面可加上 thus。
非谓语动词作状语的五种基本形式1. 表示时间、条件、方式、让步或伴随情况，通常用现在分词或过去分词；若句子主语与非谓语动词是主动关系，用现在分词；若句子主语与非谓语动词是被动关系，用过去分词或现在分词分词的被动式。
如：Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫，老鼠就跑了。
He sat in the chair reading newspapers. 他坐在椅子上看报。
Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间，我们可以做得更好。
2. 表示目的，通常要用不定式；表目的的不定式所表示的动作通常发生在谓语动词之后，且常用于 in order to, so as to 结构。
初中英语语法非谓语动词教案
初中英语语法-非谓语动词教案初中英语语法-非谓语动词教案一. 非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述：在英语中，不作句子谓语，但仍具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。
（二）非谓语动词的句法功能 1）逻辑主语为了强调是谁发出的一个动作，我们往往要有主语来明确表现。
由于非谓语动词在句中不做谓语，所以强调谁发出的动作就不明显。
但它又有动词的某些特征，在这种情况下，就有了其逻辑上的主谓关系。
在英语中，非谓语动词的逻辑主语各有其不同的表现方式，也是常考的一个语法项目，尤其是动名词和分词的逻辑主语。
现在来简要分析一下在不定式、动名词和分词中的逻辑主语。
① 不定式的逻辑主语是同过介词of 和for来体现的。
这两个介词使用的区别是：当表语是表示主语的性质或特征时（如：good, nice, wise, generous, foolish, clever, silly, wrong, stupid, careless, considerate, impolite, naughty等等），我们使用of; 其它的使用for。
请看例句： It is unwise of them to turn down the proposal. 他们拒绝这个建议很不明智。
It is generous of you to stay us for the night. 难为你这么慷慨留我们过夜。
It is a great honor for us to attend this rally. 我们很荣幸参加这个大会。
It is very dangerous for children to swim in the reservoir. 孩子们在水库里游泳很危险。
新版8B 广州初二英语语法点
新版8B 语法点1.非谓语动词（to do, doing）2.被动语态（be+done）3.It’s + adj.+(for/of sb.) to do sth.；adj+ enough to do4.副词使用及其比较级最高级5.原因状语从句：because，as，since. 比较because与because of6.过去进行时（when & while）非谓语动词：to do 和doing1.熟记下列只能加to do 作为非谓语的动词：agree, decide, hope, want, teach, refuse, need ,plan , wish, tell, ask,fail, would like, invite, prefer to do sth. (否定：not to do)2.熟记下列只能加doing作为非谓语enjoy, practice, finish, suggest, mind, miss, deny, admit, imagine, avoid, consider, keepfeel like doing sth.喜欢做某事；be busy doing sth.忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事；have difficult/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难；have fun doing.做某事高兴(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)如：be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb. from doing sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested in doing sth.；be proud of；instead of；be fond oflook forward to doing sth期望做某事；prefer doing sth. to doing sth与…相比较更喜欢…；pay attention to doing注意做某事；be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to为…做贡献3.既可以加to do 也可以doing 的词可以分为两类：⑴意思差别不大：跟ing形式一般指一种经常性的习惯；而加不定式多用来表示一个具体的动作。
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广州卓越教育机构1对 1重点语法学案姓名：非谓语动词专题Part I Warming-up: Oral Practice你读我译(注意划线部分)Greeting (pay attention to the underlined words)“Hello, boys and girls! I’m glad to see you. Standing here, I feel very happy. I want to make friends with all of you! I hope to make you all prepare well for the study of English. I wish all of you could have your work done well!★非谓语动词三大形式:___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________辨一辨Present the New LessonI. Read-aloud:Sentence 1: It is so interesting to learn English and History.(句子成分：_______)Sentence 2: Do you want to do play basketball with Kobe? (_______)Sentence 3: Lady Gaga often hears the old man sing the old song. (_______)Sentence 4: Han Han is always the first to come to school and the last to leave. (_______) Sentence 5: Obama hurried to the school only to find it was Sunday! (________)※规律小结：不定式作主语时往往放在谓语_______，用_______作形式主语。
（老师提供例句）●不定式作宾语：只能用动词不定式作宾语的动词：（学生笔记）★Note:______ ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________●不定式作宾语补足语时，遇到感官动词以及使役动词，要把to省略。
（学生笔记）★Note:_________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________●不定式作定语放在被修饰词的_______，表_______。
（例句）（比如有序数词、最高级的限定的中心词，往往用_______作定语。
）●不定式作状语往往表_________________________________________。
（口头造句）II. Guessing Games:Example: Dancing is Jay’s favourite thing. ( 作主语)Sentence 1: They saw Steve Jobs smoking in the classroom. ( )Sentence 2: Clinton got up, looking at his watch. ( )= as Clinton was looking at his watchSentence 3: The swimming boy in the river is Putin. ( )= The boy who is swimmingSentence 4: Bush enjoys reading story books. ( )学一学III. Translation GamesGroup 1: Messi will have his task finished this afternoon. (与宾语task 关系) Messi will have his brother finish my task this afternoon. (与宾语brother 关系) Group 2: Given more time, I won’t be criticized by the teacher.= If I am given more time, I won’t be criticized by the teacher. ( ) Group 3: Giving Mum the birthday present, Dad felt happy.= When he give Mum the birthday present, Dad felt happy. ( ) Group 4: I prefer cold boiled water to soft drinks after sports.= I prefer cold water which has been boiled to soft drinks after sports.( ) Group 5: Don’t drink that boiling water. It is too hot.=Don’t drink that water which is boiling . It is too hot. ( ) Group 6: The window is broken. (表)The window was broken by Xiao Ming yesterday. (表) ※规律小结：●v-ing一般表示__________或动作__________;●v-ed一般表示__________含义或动作__________。
●v-ing 或v原形在作宾补时与宾语有__________关系；●v-ed在作宾补时与宾语有__________关系。
*有些动词后面只能用动名词作宾语：★Note:_____ ___________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ IV. Make a short passage（指出哪些是非谓语）Debbie is always the first to come to school and the last to leave. One morning, he got up, looking at his watch. “Oh, my god! It was too late.”He thought, “Given more time, I won’t be criticized by the teacher and I will have my homework finished!”He hurried to school only to find it was Sunday!★Note既能接to do又能接doing 的常考动词：_____ _____________________________________________________________________ _____ _____________________________________________________________________ _____ _____________________________________________________________________ _____ _____________________________________________________________________ _____ _____________________________________________________________________ V. Practice：用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. Can you finish ___________(read) the book in three days?2. I have been busy all these days. I really want ____________(relax) myself.3. The doctor was busy ________(operate) on the boy at that time.4. Mary opened the door for him _________(come) in.5. _________(tell) you the truth, I dislike making friends with him.6. His wish was ____________(become) a doctor.7. Stop ___________(talk) and listen to me carefully.8. Thank you very much for ____________(help) us.9. Granny is very ill and she doesn’t feel like _____(eat) anything.10. Would you like __________(climb) the mountain with me?11. The girl enjoys ___________(listen) to light music.12. Do you remember ___________(buy) me a beautiful skirt on my 13th birthday?13. Which of the following things would you like _________(own)?14. We couldn’t help __________(laugh) after we heard the funny story.15. What about ___________(go) out for a walk?16. The boy was too short ___________(reach) the toy on the desk.17. I found a man __________(lock) the door when I passed by.18. I was wrong ___________(speak) to her about it.19. _____________(be) honest, I just don’t like him.20. Mr Fang promised __________(provide) some help to the village school.听一听VI. Listen to a song “Yesterday Once More”. Fill in the missing words (None-finite Verbs).英文歌曲欣赏：YESTERDAY ONCE MOREWords & Music by Richard Carpenter and John Bettis When I was young 当我年轻时I'd listen to the radio 我喜欢听电台广播___1____ for my favorite songs 等待我最喜爱的歌When they played I'd sing along 我常随着一起清唱It made me ___2___. 笑容满面Those were such happy times 那段多么快乐的时光And not so long ago 并不遥远How I wondered where they'd gone 我是多么想知道他们去了哪儿But they're back again 但是它们又回来了Just like a long __3___ friend 像一位久未谋面的旧日朋友All the songs I loved so well. 那些歌我依旧喜欢Every Sha-la-la-la 每一声Sha-la-la-laEvery Wo-o-wo-o 每一声Wo-o-wo-oStill shines 仍然闪亮Every shing-a-ling-a-ling 每一声shing-a-ling-a-lingThat they're starting ___4____ 当他们开始唱时So fine. 如此欢畅When they get to the part 当他们唱到Where he's breakin' her heart 他让她伤心的那一段时It can really make me ___5___ 我真的哭了Just like before 一如往昔It's yesterday once more. 这是昨日的重现Lookin' back on how it was 回首过去的In years ____6____ 那些时光And the good times that I had 我曾有过的欢乐Makes today seem rather sad 今天似乎更加悲伤So much has changed. 一切都变了......练一练[巩固作业]I. 选择最佳答案:( ) 1. Why not_____ your teacher for help when you can’t finish ____it by yourself?A. ask, writeB. to ask, writingC.ask, writingD. asking, write( ) 2. —Hi, Tom! Can you tell me when for London?—Yes, tomorrow afternoon.A. leavingB. leavesC. to leaveD. are you leaving( ) 3. —May I listen to the music here, Mr. White?—Sorry, you’d better it like that.A. not to doB. not doC. don’t doD. not do to( ) 4. More and more young people are trying to do something _____ the old.A. servedB. to serveC. serveD. serves( ) 5. The fruit salad tastes delicious. Could you tell me ______ ?A. where to do itB. when to do itC. what to doD. how to do it( ) 6. Peter is busy ___ at school, but he never forgets _____exercise every day.A. working, doingB. working, to doC. at work, doing( ) 7. —Why did you buy a radio?—______ English.A. LearnB. LearningC. To learnD. Be learning( ) 8. —Do you know Neil Armstrong?—Yes, He is the first man ______ on the moon.A. walkB. walksC. to walkD. walked( ) 9. —Have you made up your mind __ the sick kids?—By singing songs.A. what to tellB. how to cheer upC. when to helpD. where to look after ( ) 10. The doctor did what he could_________ the dying man.A. saveB. to saveC. savedD. saving( ) 11. The global financial crisis(金融危机) has made many people_____ their money.A. to care forB. took care ofC. be careful withD. to be cared about( ) 12. –Mum, can I have something________?–Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is______ in the kitchen.A. to drink; nothing elseB. drinking; something elseC. to eat; something elseD. eating; nothing else( ) 13. We must do everything we can ___ waste water from running into rivers.A. keepB. keptC. to keepD. keeping( ) 14. The doctor did what he could_________ the dying man.A. saveB. to saveC. savedD. saving( ) 15. My roommate often asks me ______ her to play chess.A. teachB. teachingC. to teach( ) 16. He’ll use wha t he has ______ her a new dress.A. boughtB. to buyC. buyingD. been bought( ) 17. Xiao Li said she would rather ______ join us.A. did notB. to notC. notD. not to( ) 18. The old lady didn’t know ______ when the h ouse caught fire.A. how to doB. how to do itC. what to doD. what to do it( ) 19. The teacher asked Ben ______ a difficult question in class.A. answerB. answeringC. to answerD. answered( ) 20. Everyone should know ______ to save themselves when a fire breaks out.A. whetherB. whatC. whenD. howII.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。