职业卫生与职业医学-常用英语词汇

《职业卫生与职业医学》常用英语词汇occupational health 职业卫生学industrial hygiene 工业卫生工程学Occupational hazard 职业性危害Occupational adverse effect／damage 职业性损害／损伤 Occupational tolerance 职业耐受性Occupational injury／work injury 工伤Occupational disorders 职业性疾患Occupational diseases 职业病Diagnosis of occupational disease 职业病的诊断Emergency rescue center 应急救援中心health promotion 健康促进compensable disease 需赔偿的疾病work—related disease 工作有关疾病occupational stigma 职业特征host risk factor 个体危险因素high risk group 高危人群occupational health service 职业卫生服务three levels of prevention 三级预防primary prevention 第一级预防secondary prevention 第二级预防tertiary prevention 第三级预防primary health care 初级卫生保健work physio1ogy 工作(职业)生理学occupational psychology 职业心理学ergonomics 人类工效学human factors engineering 人机因素工程学mental work 脑力劳动physical work 体力劳动oxygen demand 氧需maximum oxygen uptake 氧上限oxygen debt 氧债steady state 稳定状态intensity of work 工作强度shift work 轮班制dual classification of work intensity 工作强度双重分级法 static work／effort 静力作业isometric contraction 等长性收缩dynamic work 动态作业isotonic contraction 等张性收缩dynamic stereotype 动力定型occupational stress 职业性紧张stressor 紧张因素stress 紧张strain or stress reaction 紧张反应modifier 调节(缓解)因素person—environment fit model 人一环境相适应模式job demands—control model 工作需求一控制模式psychosocial stresses 社会心理紧张quantitative overload 超负荷quantitative underload 负荷不足work capacity 作业能力induction period 入门期steady period 稳定期fatigue period 疲劳期terminal motivation 终末激发training 锻炼exercise 练习fatigue 疲劳overstrain 过劳physical stress 体力紧张psychological strain 心理过劳mismatch 失衡micropause 工间小歇break 工间休息active rest 积极休息physical strain 体力过劳occupational cumulative trauma or disorders 职业蓄积性损伤或疾患 flat foot 扁平脚varicosity of lower extremity 下肢静脉曲张abdominal hernia 腹疝kyphosis 驼背scoliosis 脊柱侧凸low back pain 下背痛lumbar insufficiency 腰肌劳损lumbago 腰痛sciatica 坐骨神经痛temosynovitis 腱鞘炎occupational cramp 职业性痉挛occupational neurosis 职业性神经机能症writer's cramp 书写痉挛styloiditis 茎突炎epicondylitis 上踝炎periarthritis 关节周炎bursitis 滑囊炎Dupuytren’s contracture 掌挛缩病callus 胼胝singer’s nodules 歌唱家小结节psychological strain 心里过劳post—traumatic stress disorder 外伤后紧张性精神病mass psychogenic illness 群体精神病video display terminal，VDT 视屏显示终端occupational neck and upper extremity disorder 职业性颈肩腕综合征 computer operator syndrome 电脑操作综合征dust 粉尘fume 烟vapor 蒸气gas 气体solid 固体liquid 液体mist 雾productive dust 生产性粉尘productive fume 生产性烟尘aerosol 气溶胶target organ 靶器官blood brain barries 血脑屏障placental barries 胎盘屏障skin barries 皮肤屏障absorption 吸收distribution 分布excretion 排泄blood／air partition coefficient 血／气分配系数lipid／water partition coefficient 脂／水分配系数biotransformation 生物转化depot 储存库acute poisoning 急性中毒subacute poisoning 亚急性中毒chronic poisoning 慢性中毒poison’s absorption 毒物的吸收lead 铅coproporphyrin，CP 粪卟啉free erythrocyte protoporphyrin，FEP 红细胞游离原卟啉zinc protoporphyrin，ZnPP 锌原卟啉一aminolaevulinic acid，一ALA —氨基一一酮戊酸transmmlganin 转锰素mercury 汞manganese 锰chromium 铬beryllium 铍zinc 锌nickel 镍antimony 锑tin 锡phosphorus 磷arsenic 砷selenium 硒boron 硼irritant gas 刺激性气体chlorine 氯phosgene 光气ammonia 氨asphyxiating gas 窒息性气体organic solvents 有机溶剂benzene 苯toluene 甲苯xylene 二甲苯aniline 苯胺nitrobenzene 硝基苯carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳vinyl chloride 氯乙烯acrylonitrile 丙烯腈styrene 苯乙烯butadiene 丁二烯carbon disulfide 二硫化碳phenols compound 酚类化物hippuric acid 马尿酸methyl hippuric acid 甲基马尿酸Heinz body 赫恩滋小体trinitrotoluene 三硝基甲苯aniline 阿尼林(苯胺)plastics 塑料synthetic fiber 合成纤维synthetic rubber 合成橡胶polymer 聚合物monomer 单体pesticide 农药insecticide 杀虫剂acaricide 杀螨剂nematocide 杀线虫剂molluscacide 杀软体动物剂rodenticide 杀鼠剂fungicide 杀菌剂herbicide 除草剂defoliant 脱叶剂plant growth regulator 植物生长调节剂organophosphorus pesticide 有机磷农药organophosphates 有机磷酸酯类thio--organophosphates 硫代有机磷酸酯类cholinesterase，ChE 胆碱酯酶acetylcholine，Ach 乙酰胆碱neurotoxic esterase，NTE 神经毒酯酶carbamates 氨基甲酸酯类carbaryl 西维因(胺甲奈)pneumoconiosis 尘肺inorganic dust 无机粉尘organic dust 有机粉尘mixed dust 混合性粉尘aerodynamic equivalent diameter，AED 空气动力学直径non—inhalable dust 非吸入性粉尘inhalable dust 可吸人性粉尘respirable dust 呼吸性粉尘impaction 撞击sedimentation 沉降diffusion 弥散interception 截留silicosis 矽肺silicatosis 硅酸盐肺carbon black pneumoconiosis 碳黑尘肺mixed dust pneumoconiosis 混合性尘肺metallic pneumoconiosis 金属尘肺byssinosis 棉尘症occupational allergic alveolitis 职业性变应性肺泡炎chronic obstructive pulmonary 非特异性慢性阻塞性肺病quartz 石英acute silicosis 速发型矽肺delayed silicosis 晚发型矽肺silanol group 硅烷醇基团hydrogen bond 氢键asbestos dust and asbestosis 石棉粉尘和石棉肺 chrysotile 温石棉amphibole group 闪石类crocidolite 青石棉amosite 铁石棉anthophyllite 直闪石themolite 透闪石actinolite 阳闪石hornblende 角闪石ferruginous body 含铁小体coal worker's pneumoconiosis 煤工尘肺progressive massive fibrosis，PMF 进行性大块纤维化 farmer’s lung 农民肺heat stress 热应激heat load 热负荷physiological heat strain 生理性热应激反应 hyperthermia 过热heat acclimatization 热适应heat stress protein，HSP 热应激蛋白heat stroke 热射病sun stroke 日射病heat cramp 热痉挛heat exhaustion 热衰竭evaporation 蒸发radiation 辐射natural ventilation 自然通风mechanical ventilation 机械通风bends 屈肢症acclimatization 习服noise 噪声sound pressure 声压threshold of hearing 听阈threshold of paining 痛阈sound intensity 声强sound level 声级decibel，dB 分贝sound frequency 声频infrasonics 次声ultrasonics 超声octave band 频带loudness 响度loudness level 响度级equal loudness contours 等响曲线weighted sound level 计权声级speech interference level 语言干扰级impulsive noise 脉冲噪声steady state noise 稳态噪声auditory adaptation 听觉适应auditory fatigue 听觉疲劳temporary hearing threshold shift，TTS 暂时性听闻位移 permanent hearing threshold shift，PTS 永久性听同位移 hearing impairment 听力损伤noise—induced deafness 噪声性耳聋explosive deafness 暴震性耳聋vibration 振动vibrational frequency 振动频率displacement 位移amplitude 振幅velocity 速度acceleration 加速度peak value 峰值peak--to—peak value 峰一峰值average value 平均值natural frequency 固有频率resonance 共振resonant frequency 共振频率frequency weighted acceleration 频率计权加速度 whole—body vibration 全身振动segmental vibration 局部振动hand—transmitted vibration 手传振动hand—arm vibration 手臂振动motion sickness 运动病Raynaud's phenomenon 雷诺氏现象Segmental vibrational disease 局部振动病Raynaud's phenomenon of occupational origin 职业性雷诺氏现象Vibrational white finger，VWF 振动性白指hand—arm vibrational syndrome，HAV 手臂振动综合征vibrationa disease 振动性疾病reduced comfort boundary 舒适界限降低fatigue—decreased proficiency 疲劳减效界限boundary exposure limit 承受极限nonionizing radiation 非电离辐射electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射electromagnetic radiation spectrum 电磁辐射谱high frequency electromagnetic field 高频电磁场microwave 微波infrared radiation 红外辐射ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射electro--ophthalmitis 电光性眼炎laser 激光ionizing radiation 电离辐射decompress 减压病al sickness 高空病mountain sickness 高山病occupational tumors 职业肿瘤occupationally carcinogenic factors 职业致癌因素chloro--methyl--methyl--ether 氯甲甲醚environmental monitoring 环境监测biological monitoring 生物学监测external exposure 外接触internal exposure 内接触health surveillance 健康监护pre—employment examination 就业前检查periodical examination 定期检查screening 筛检occupational epidemiology 职业流行病学association 联系causal relationship 因果关系exposure—response relationship 接触一反应关系 exposure—effect relationship 接触一效应关系 analytic epidemiologic study 分析性流行病学调查cross—sectional study 断面调查cohort study 队列调查prospective study 前瞻性调查historical prospective study 历史性前瞻调查 retrospective cohort study 回顾性队列调查 follow—up study／longitudinal study 纵向性随访研究 case—control study 病例一对照调查retrospective study 回顾性调查relative risk，RR 相对危险度attributable risk，AR 归因危险度odds ratio，OR 比数比standardized mortality ratio，SMR 标化死亡比standardized incidence ratio，SIR 标化发病比proportional mortality ratio，PMR 比例死亡比toxicity 毒性risk 危险性risk assessment 危险度评定acceptable risk 可接受的危险度hazard identification 危害识别qualitative risk assessment 危险度的定性评定dose—response assessment 剂量一反应评定quantitative risk assessment 危险度的定量评定response 反应effect 效应uncertainty factor 不肯定因素exposure assessment 接触评定exposure estimation 接触估测risk characterization 危险度特征分析 risk management 危险度管理generally regarded as safe level 一般认为安全的水平virtually safe dose，VSD 实际上安全剂量 health standard 卫生标准exposure limit 接触限量maximum allowable concentration，MAC 最高容许浓度threshold limit value，TLV 阈限值threshold limit value--timeweighted average, TLV-TWA 时间加权干均阈限值 threshold limit value—shortterm exposure limit, TLV-STEL 短时间接触阈限值 threshold limit value ceiling，TLV--C 上限值permissible exposure limit，PEL 容许接触限值health—based occupational exposure limit 保证健康的职业接触限值maximum allowable biological concentration，MABC 最高容许生物浓度 biological exposure limit 生物学接触限值 biological exposure index，BEI 生物接触指数adverse effect 有害效应technological feasibility 技术上可行性 economic feasibility 经济上可行性industrial ventilation 工业通风heat pressure 热压air dynamic pressure 风压fan 普通风扇spraying fan 喷雾风扇lighting 采光illumination 照明luminous flux 光通量brightness 亮度lighting coefficient，C 采光系数protective clothing 防护服regulation for occupational health 劳动卫生法规preventive health inspection 预防性卫生监督 routine health inspection 经常性卫生监督 occupational health of working women 妇女劳动卫生extrinsic allergic alveolitis 外源性变压性肺泡炎small scale industry 小工业confounding effects 混杂效应maximum oxygen intake 最大摄氧量heart rate，HR 心率stepping test 阶梯试验maximum permissible limit 最大容许限值pneumonometer 肺通气量仪validation 验证discriminant analysis 判别分析stepwise regression analysis 逐步回归分析方法 Average Batch CV，ABCV 平均批变异系数Reference value 参考值Critical Value 临界值Equivalent continuous A—weighted sound pressure level 等效连续A声级（注：本资料素材和资料部分来自网络，仅供参考。