详解过去进行时及练习题

过去进行时

过去进行时态表示的是过去某个时间正在进行或发生的动作。其构成形式为：

“主语＋was/were＋现在分词”构成。

一般情况下，过去进行时态有一些提示性词语，如at this time yesterday, at that time，this morning，from nine to ten , at that moment, at this time yesterday, at eight last night. when, while 引导的时间状语从句，有时没有这些时间状语，则要通过上下文的联系来表示。

过去进行时态用法简单列举如下：

1. 肯定句式。过去进行时态的肯定句式一般体现为：“主语＋was/were＋现在分词＋其他”构成。其中凡是在主语是单数人称情况下一律用was，复数人称情况下用were。如：

I was working. We were working.

2. 否定句式。过去进行时态的否定句式构成形式为“主语＋was/were＋not＋现在分词＋其他”构成。was/were的用法与肯定句式的用法相似。如：

I was not working. We were not working.

3. 疑问句式。过去进行时态的疑问句式只需把was/were提前放在句首即可。其构成形式为“was/were ＋主语＋not＋现在分词＋其他？”构成。如；

Was she working? Were they working?

其简略回答形式用“Yes＋主语＋动词”或“No＋主语＋动词＋not”。如：

Yes, she was.

No, she was not.

其中，过去进行时态的现在分词构成规则与现在进行时态的过去分词是相同的。

［用法］

一、过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.

昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

What was he researching all day last Sunday?

上周日他一整天都在研究什么？

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。

It was raining when they left the station.

他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。

二、过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。

What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday?

昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）

When I saw him he was decorating his room.

当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点）

三、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：

While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.

他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的）

He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.

他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）

四、通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have（拥有）, hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer.

正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。

误：I wasn’t understanding him.

正：I didn’t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。

五．过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。：He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家。

She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。(赞扬)

She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。(厌烦)

六．表示过去将来，多用于go, come, leave, start, take off等动词。如：

He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。

★与一般过去时的区别：一般过去时表示过去时间里做了某事，侧重动作的结束。过去进行时表示动作在过去时间里正在进行，侧重动作的延续性。如：

We planted trees yesterday．昨天我们栽了树。

We were planting trees at nine yesterday．昨天九点我们在植树。

一、仿照例句用所给的词汇造句。

1. I, see him, he, cross the street

I saw him while he was crossing the street.（He was crossing the street when I saw him.）

A. the sun, shine, we, come out

B. she, study at college, before the war, break out

2. I, do my homework, last night

I was doing my homework last night.

A. they, have a dress rehearsal, yesterday evening

B. my grandma, visit my family, half an hour ago

3. she, not at home that evening, she, look after her sick child in hospital

She wasn’t at home tha t evening. She was looking after her sick child in hospital.

A. it, rather chilly yesterday, the sun, not shine

B. she, ill that day, she, suffer from a severe headache

二、用动词的适当形式填空。

1. While we __________（wait）for the bus, a girl __________（run）up to us.

2. I __________（telephone）a friend when Bob __________（come）in.

3. Jim __________（jump）on the bus as it __________（move）away.

4. We __________（test）the new machine when the electricity __________（go）off.

5. She __________（not want）to stay in bed while the others ________________（all, work）in the fields.

6. While mother ________（put）Cathy to bed, the door bell ________（ring）.

7. As I __________（walk）in the park, it __________（begin）to rain.

8. Even when she ___________（be）a child she ________________（already, think）of becoming a ballerina （芭蕾舞演员）.

9. It was quite late at night. George __________（read）and Amy __________（ply）her needle when they __________（hear）a knock at the door.

10. There __________（be）a group round the fire when they __________（reach）it. An old woman __________（sit）on the ground near the kettle; two small children __________（lie）near her; a donkey __________（bend）his head over a tall girl.