高考英语语法专题 虚拟语气
高考英语语法专题虚拟语气详解
高考英语一轮总复习精选语法专题虚拟语气①If it were Sunday today, I ________ go to school.1.shan’t B.would notC.can’tD.won’t①If he ________ here, he would agree with you.A.wasB.isC.wereD.will be①关于“主将从现”的问题：“在时间、条件状语从句中，如果主句中是一般将来时，从句中则用一般现在时。
”从句主句一般现在时---------------------------一般将来时一般过去时---------------------------过去将来时现在完成时---------------------------将来完成时ΔIf you ______, I _______ you up at the station.1.will come; will pick B.came; will pickC.will come; picke; pick助动词------will do（一般将来时）will情态动词“意愿”----will do“愿意做....”①关于“倒装”的问题：“从句中省略if，要使用半倒装的结构，即把should / had / were提到从句的主语之前。
”If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你的话，我立刻就离开。
→Were I you, I would go at once.If he had hurried, he could have caught the early bus.如果他快点的话，他就能赶上早班车的。
→Had he hurried, he could have caught the early bus.①关于“主、从句中的谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间不一致”的问题：If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果你听从我的建议的话，你现在就会痊愈了。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解
高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解一、基础知识（一）什么是虚拟语气谓语动词的作用不仅可以表示动作的时间、状态、假设（情感），也是一种语气（mood)的表现形式，表明说话的目的和意图。
（语气包含陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气）虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或虚拟的情况，即与真实相反。
上学的时候老师经常举的一个例子，"If I were you"因为我不可能是你，这是一种不可能存在的事实，所以这是个虚拟语句。
总而言之英语中的虚拟语气可以分为两大体系：一是表示与事实相反的，或者是假象的情形，通常由if引导，叫做虚拟条件句；另一个体系是在名词从句中使用虚拟语气，表示建议，命令或者要求等语气，类似于上述美剧常用的台词。
（二）虚拟语气的用法这一部分我们主要用虚拟语气在条件句中的用法作为讲解与现在事实相反：If I had a map, I would lend it to you.如果我有地图我就借给你。
（但我没有）与将来事实相反：If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这工作，我会是另一种做法。
（言外之意不是我做这个工作，用虚拟表达是我做这份工作的可能性很低）与过去事实相反：If anything had happened, he would have let us know.如果发生了什么情况，他早就通知我们了。
（所以没事发生）它们的共性都是表示与事实相反或者实现可能性不大3.特殊情况①在极少情况下，从句的谓语动词用原形，主句的谓语动词可用陈述语气（比较官方，正式，大气的说法，口语很少使用）If that be the official view, it cannot be accepted.如果这是官方的看法，这是不能接受的。
②if可以省略，但是语序要改为倒装Were I Tom I would refuse.如果我是汤姆我会拒绝。
高中英语高考高考英语语法总复习课件：虚拟语气 (共82张PPT)
【例11】 When a pencil is parted in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____(break)_. 【例12】 Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ (happen)yesterday.
主句 would/should/could/might
If he didn’t come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.
主过将从过， 主过将完从过完 would do/did would have done/had done
【例1】 If we ______ (take)the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
【例13】 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______ (follow)your advice. 知识扩展：follow/take sb's advice
【例13】 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I had followed (follow)your advice. 知识扩展：follow/take sb's advice
做题时注意：动词的形式根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整
一分为二，先找时间再判断时态。
【例4】
If we ______ （book）a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.
高考英语语法专题讲解之虚拟语气
She would leave her husband except for children.
如果没有孩子的话,她就会离开她的丈夫的
考题点击：
D much longer time. 1.I went by plane; otherwise I ____ A.could take B.would take C.will have taken D.would have taken
1. If only grandmotherB ____ this together with us now.
A. will see B.could see C.must see D.should see
C quietly as the doctor instructed, 2. If only he ___ he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
If only she had lived a little longer. 3. If only he had arrived in time.
比较if only与only if only if 表示“只有”； I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.
[考题]
（2）错综时间虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句与主句谓语动词发生的时间有时不 一致，要注意主从句谓语形式。 [考题] It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ___ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall
高考英语二轮专题语法系列--虚拟语气讲义
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等，也可以表示可能性较小的情况或不可能发生的情况，而不是客观存在的事实(表示客观事实要用陈述语气)。
虚拟语气是由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表现出来的。
虚拟语气常用于复合句中，也可用于简单句。
比较：If she asks me tomorrow,I shall do it.如果她明天请求我，我会做的。
(陈述语气，说话人认为请求的可能性大)If she asked me tomorrow, I should do it. 假如她明天请求我，我会做的。
(虚拟语气，说话人认为请求的可能性小或不可能请求)1 虚拟语气的用法1-1 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1)表示与现在事实相反的情况If I were/was not busy today, I should go with you.如果我今天有空，我会同你一起去的。
If he were/was here,he might talk with you.如果他在这里，他可能会同你谈谈。
If I were you,I wouldn't accept her suggestion.如果我是你，我不会接受她的建议。
If I knew the answer to the question,I should/ would tell you.如果我知道问题的答案，我当然会告诉你。
If we left now, we should/would arrive there in time.如果我们现在就动身，我们会准时到达那里。
If he didn't do exercise every day,he wouldn't be so strong.如果他不每天锻炼，他不会那样强壮的。
If it weren't raining, we would go fishing.要是现在不下雨，我们就去钓鱼了。
高考英语语法专题复习-动词的语气-虚拟语气
语法复习十：动词的语气——虚拟语气一、语气的定义和种类l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。
What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如: Open the door, please。
请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。
May you succeed! 祝您成功！二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。
)在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
现将虚拟条件从should 可用于各种人称。
l、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。
如: If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。
2、表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。
虚拟语气 课件高考英语语法复习专题
与过去事实相反
过去完成时 had done
I would rather you _c_a_m__e_(come) here now. I would rather you _c_a_m__e_(come) here tomorrow.
I would rather you _h_a_d__n_’t_t_o_ld_ (not tell)me the truth yesterday.
宾语从句
14
(一). 宾语从句
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚持要我与他同行。 他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。 老师要求作业要及时完成。
We suggested _(_th__a_t)_T__o_m__h_a_v_e_a__r_e_st. He insisted _(t_h_a_t_)_I_(_s_h_o_u_ld__)_g_o__w_i_th__h_i_m_ . They requested (that) Tom _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_s_e_n_t_t_o_w__o_r_k_t_h_e_r_e_______ .
that不可省略
• It is suggested that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
16
这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should do
(三).表语从句
• The / One’s insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that … (should) do
高中英语高考语法知识整理复习(虚拟语气+倒装句)
高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+ had + done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她（事实：去晚了）。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
（事实：不可能来）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。
高三英语语法讲解----虚拟语气
（1）表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑 等，假设是不可能或者不大可能发生或实现的；
（2）表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等
02 related concept
虚拟语气的基本用法：
if条件句中的虚拟语气：
虚拟语气的基本用法：
在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，谓语动词含有had、were、should时， 可以把if省略，将had、were、should、could提到句首，变成倒装句。 If I were in your position，I would do the same. →Were I in your position，I would do the same. 假如我处在你的位置，我也会这样干的。 If you had come earlier，you would have caught the bus. →Had you cght the bus. 如果你来得早些，你就会赶上公共汽车了。 If it should rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不去爬山了。
If从句
与现在相反
did（be用were)
与过去相反 与将来相反
had +done
did（be用were) were to+ do should +do
主句
would /should /could / might
+do
would /should /could / might ＋have + done
高考英语语法复习-虚拟语气规则总结3页
虚拟语气虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
一、if从句：（二）错综时间的虚拟句：通常情况下,在条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间一致,但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，其动词形式要根据时间而定。
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。
3. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
4. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.（从句指过去，主句指现在）。
5. If we had not got everything ready by now, we should be having a more terrible time tomorrow. （从句指现在，主句指将来）（三）省略：If 从句中含有were, should, had时，可省略if并把were, should, had提前。
例如：Were I you, I wouldn’t quarrel with him.备注：注：would, should, could与might的选择：①一般常用would，如同在真实条件句中主句常要用will一样。
常译作“将、就会”。
如：If I knew him, I would ask him for help. 如果我认识他的话，我就会向他求助。
2023届高考英语语法：虚拟语气讲义
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
一、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中从句主句与现实事实相反一般过去式（be--were）Should/would/could/might + V原与过去事实相反Had + done Should/would/could/might +have done与将来事实相反过去式；should+V 原；were to + V原Should/would/could/might + V原1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.例句：If there were no subjunctive mood, English ( ) much easier to learn. （B）A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
高考英语语法：虚拟语气
虚拟语气1）虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。
2）条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
16.1 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况有可能发生。
各种结构参见下：句型条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形祈使句情态动词一般现在时例如：If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他来，会带小提琴来的。
典型例题The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained答案B。
真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.（错）If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.（对）If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall （will）+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
16.2 非真实条件句1）虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移。
a. 与现在事实相反的假设条件从句主句一般过去时（be用were）should（would）等+动词原形例如：If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。
含义：They are not here, they can’t help you.b. 与过去事实相反的假设条件从句主句过去完成时should（would）等+ have+ 过去分词例如：If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
虚拟语气用法总结大全一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中二．虚拟语气在名词从句中1.在由suggest, demand, require, request, insist, order, command, propose等表示建议、请求、命令、愿望等动词或其同根词引出的名词从句中，名词从句虚拟句的谓语变化的形式只有一条规律——名词从句虚拟句无论其主句的谓语动词时何种形式，从句的谓语形式均为should+动词原形，其中should可以省三．虚拟语气的其他用法省一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中1. — If the traffic hadn't been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o'clock.—What a pity! Tina ______ here to see you. (2005 湖南)A. isB. wasC. would beD. has been2. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. (2002 上海)A. wouldn't have fallenB. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall3. He hesitated（犹豫）for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ______ a goal. (2001 上海春)A. had scoredB. scoredC. would scoreD. would have scored4. You didn't let me drive. If we _____in turn, you_____ so tired. (NMET96)A. drove; didn't getB. drove; wouldn't getC. were driving; wouldn't getD. had driven; wouldn't have got5. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ______, she would have met my brother. (1994全国)A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come6. -----If he__________, he __________that food.------Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (MET93)A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; would not have takenD. would have been warned; had not taken7. If it_____ for the snow, we_____ the mountain yesterday. (MET91)A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had not been; could have climbedD. had not been; could climb8. Without electricity human life____ quite different today. (MET91)A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be11. --- Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.--- I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. (福建34’)A. attendedB. had attendedC. would attendD. would have attended12. I _______ through that bitter period without your generous help. ( 陕西22’)A. couldn’t have goneB. didn’t goC. wouldn’t goD. hadn’t gone13. I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they we re waiting for me. (天津15’)A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come14. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I fully occupied the whole of last week.A. wereB. had beenC. have beenD. was16. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount time and energy .（2010浙江）A. would have been savedB. had been savedC. will be savedD. was saved17. ---- The weather has been very hot and dry.---- Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .（2010北京）A. wouldn’t dieB. didn’t dieC. hadn’t diedD. wouldn’t have died18. If we the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010湖南)A .followedB .should follow C. had followed D. would follow20. This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (09天津15) A. would B. should C. could D. might 21. ------ Did you go to his wedding ceremony yesterday ? ------- No. But I would if I had been free. (改错) 二．虚拟语气在名词从句中1. — Where are the children? T he dinner’s going to be completely ruined.— I wish they always late. （北京28’）A. weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD. wouldn’t have been2. ______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. (05 上海)A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires3. —— Don't you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?—— I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to. (2005 江苏)A. will not be sent; thatB. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; whatD. should not send; what4.①The chairman suggested that the meeting _________________(put off) until the next week.②The look on his face suggested that he ____________(be) angry with what you did.5. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we it without you. （08山东）A. can manageB. could have managedC. could manageD. can have managed6. The doctor recommended that you ____swim after eating a large meal.A. wouldn’tB. couldn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t (09浙江13)7.①The man in prison insisted that he _________nothing wrong and _________set free.A. had done, should beB. should do, should beC. had done, had beenD. should do, had b een②The patient insisted that he _________ill and _________to the hospital.A. wasn’t, wasn’t sentB. wasn’t, shouldn’t be sentC. shouldn’t be, wasn’t sentD. shouldn’t be, shouldn’t be se nt8.The workers demanded that their wages ＿＿＿by 20 percent.A. raisedB. raiseC. should have been raisedD. be raised9. At the meeting everybody was against his suggestion that a new bridge ＿＿＿over the river.A. be builtB. must be builtC. was to be builtD. had to be built10. It is politely requested by the hotel manager that radios ＿＿＿after 11 o’clock at night.A. were not playedB. not be playedC. not to playD. did not play11. It is essential(必要的，重要的) that the books you borrowed from the library ＿＿＿back before thedeadline(截止日期).A. be sentB. would be sentC. were sentD. must be sent三．虚拟语气的其他用法1. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ＿＿＿your advice.A. followB. had followedC. would followD. have followed2. Without the air to hold some of the sun's heat, the earth at night ______, too cold for us to live. (97 上海)A. would be freezing coldB. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen coldD. can freeze coldly3. It is necessary ＿＿＿the dictionary immediately.A. that he will returnB. that he returnedC. that he returnD. that he has to return4. It’s already five o’clock now. Do you think it’s about time ＿＿＿?A. we are going homeB. we go homeC. we went homeD. we can go home5. It ‘s high time you ＿＿＿that you are not the most important person in the worldA. realizedB. have realizedC. realizeD. should be realizing6. You don’t have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you ＿＿＿on business first.A. would goB. will goC. wentD. have gone7. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he more on its culture.A .focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused（2010江苏）8. I have watched that movie——it’ll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t （2010山东）9. But for their help, we ___ the program in time. (09安徽34)A. can not finishB. will not finishC. had not finishedD. could not have finished10. But for the help of my English teacher, I ____ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. would not winB. would not have wonC. would winD. would have won (09福建35)11. What a pity? Considering his ability and experience, he better. （08江西）A. need have doneB. must have doneC. can have doneD. might have done12. If it were not for the fact that she _____ sing, I would invite her to the party. (2006 福建)A. couldn’tB. couldC. can’tD. might not13. ______ fired, your health care and other benefits would be immediately cut off.(2006 湖北)A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be14. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______. (1995 全国)A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken15. ______for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films often. (1995 上海)A. If it is notB. Were it notC. Had it not beenD. If they were not16. What would have happened _________ , as far as the river bank? (NMET 2001 上海)A. Bob had walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked farther C. if Bob walked farther。
高考英语语法讲解——虚拟语气
虚拟语气一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1.和现在的事实相反从句：一般过去时（were/did）；主句：过去将来时（would do）E.g.：I am not free today. If I ______free today, I _____ (go)and visit some of my friends.2.和过去的事实相反从句：过去完成时（had done）；主句：过去完成时（would have done）E.g.：If my lawyer ___________(come)here last Saturday, he __________(keep) me from going.3.和将来的事实相反从句：①were to + 动词原形②should +动词原形③动词过去式；主句should/would/could/might +动词原形E.g.：If I were to see Tom, what _______ you ________ (ask)me to tell him?二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。
其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。
例如:1)与现在事实相反: wish + (that)+ did(were)E.g.：I wish I were as healthy as you.E.g.：I wish that I had a plane.2)与过去事实相反: wish + (that)+ had doneE.g.：I wish I had been to the concert last night.E.g.：I wish you had written to him.3)与将来事实相反: wish + would/could/might + doE.g.：I wish he would forgive me.2. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。
高考英语语法——虚拟语气
高考英语语法之虚拟语气(一)语气的种类：英语句子中谓语动词的语气有四种：1. 陈述语气（The Indicative Mood）陈述语气用于直截了当地陈述事实、描述状态：He has publishedquite a number of essays this year .他今年已发表了好几篇论文。
2. 祈使语气（The Imperative Mood）祈使语气用于提出请求、命令、建议或是劝告等：Wait outside untilyou are asked . 请在外面等候，请你进再进去。
Let's just take abreak, shall we ? 我们休息一会儿，好吗？3. 疑问语气( the interrogative mood ) ：用来提出问题Where are you from?4. 虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood）虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。
虚拟语气不太顾及事实的存在，它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。
所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；或是其实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至于没有实现的可能性。
当然，有时为了使说话的语气客气、缓和、委婉，也使用虚拟语气。
If I had moremoney, I would buy a bigger apartment.我要是有再多一点钱，我就买一套更大一些房子。
(二) 虚拟语气的种类：虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气在条件（三）虚拟语气的考查难点1.省略if的虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或 should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
难点分析：考点的判断应对策略：分析真实与否Should hecome (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. 他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。
高考英语语法专项虚拟语气的用法
语法专项11——虚拟语气的用法【虚拟语气】英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气、疑问语气和虚拟语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
一、虚拟语气用于条件句中1．表示与现在事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时(be的过去式用were)；主句中谓语动词用would(should，could，might)＋动词原形。
If I were you，I would study hard.2．表示与过去事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用had＋过去分词；主句中谓语动词用would(should，could，might)＋have＋过去分词。
If he had taken my advice，he would have passed the test.3．表示与将来的事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或should ＋动词原形或were to＋动词原形；主句中谓语动词用would(should，could，might)＋动词原形。
If it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go to the cinema.【帮你归纳】【小叮咛】1)if条件句中只要用了过去的时态就说明该句要使用虚拟语气。
2)if条件句中只出现一个表示与将来事实相反的情态动词should。
3)含有if条件句的虚拟语气中，主句都要用情态动词，且都可理解为过去式。
二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法1. 在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句中通常用虚拟语气。
从句中谓语动词的构成形式为：1）表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)。
I wish it were spring now. 我希望现在是春天。
2）表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词常用had＋过去分词。
I wish he had come yesterday.我希望他昨天能来。
高考英语语法——虚拟语气
虚拟语气一、定义：虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
1．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1）表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）Eg. If he had time, he would (could, might) go with youEg.If I were you, I would work hard.2）表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生Eg.If I had time last night, I should have come to see you.Eg.If they had helped us, we would have finished the task. (实际上没帮)3）表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生Eg.If it should rain, the crops would be saved.Eg.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.4）※注意：虚拟语气的倒装语序：如果if从句里含有should, had, were或其他助动词,则可将从属连词if省去,将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.If I had time, I would have done that yesterday.=Had I had time, I would have done that yesterday.Eg.If I were you, I would go to the party.=Were I you, I would go to the party.Eg.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home=Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。
高考英语语法之虚拟语气
⾼考英语语法之虚拟语⽓⾼考英语语法8虚拟语⽓⼀，if条件句中的虚拟语⽓虚拟语⽓是⼀种特殊的动词形式，主要⽤于在条件或让步状语从句中，表⽰说话⼈所说的话不是⼀个事实，⽽是⼀种假设、猜测、怀疑等；或者在名词性从句中，表⽰说话⼈的愿望、要求、命令、建议。
条件句有真实条件句与⾮真实条件句两种。
虚拟语⽓在条件句中：1，与过去事实相反的假设：条件句： If+主语+had done主句：主语+should, would, might, could + have doneShe would have gone to the party if she had been invited.2, 与现在事实相反的假设: 条件句： If+主语+did, 动词be⽤were主句：主语+should, would, might, could do3，与将来事实相反的假设：条件句： If+主语+did, 动词be⽤wereIf+主语+were to do；If+主语+should do主句：主语+should, would, might, could do, If it should fail, I would try again.4. 混合型的条件句当条件从句与主句所表的时间不⼀致时，虚拟语⽓的形式应作相应的调整。
主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句或错综时间条件句。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. Even though it hadn’t rained, we can’t get there by tomorrow. 条件虚拟主句真实。
⼆，名词性从句that+主语+(should) do结构中的虚拟语⽓下列情形下that 后⾯的从句中的谓语动词⽤：should do，should可以省略。
表过去⽤should have done.1，主语从句：在句型It is important/necessary/strange/natural that句型中，在It isdemanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/ required that句型中，在It is a pity, a shame, no wonder, proposal, recommendation, suggestion, surprise, advice that句型中，表⽰某事重要、奇怪、⾃然、必要等，以及表⽰建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、愿望等主观意愿等。
高中语法专题解析虚拟语气
高中语法专题解析虚拟语气虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语中一种特殊的语气，用于表示假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等虚拟的情况或假设。
在高中语法学习中，掌握虚拟语气的用法是十分重要的。
本文将针对高中语法专题解析虚拟语气进行详细讲解。
一、条件虚拟语气条件虚拟语气用于表示与现实相反的假设情况，包括对现在和将来的假设。
其主要形式为：if + 条件从句 (Past Simple), 主句(would/could/might + 动词原形)，例如：1. If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky freely.（如果我是一只鸟，我就可以在天空中自由飞翔。
）2. If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们会呆在家里。
）需要注意的是，条件从句中的动词通常使用过去式形式，而主句中的动词则使用情态动词 would/could/might + 动词原形的形式。
二、虚拟语气用于表达愿望、建议、要求1. 表达愿望虚拟语气可以用于表达对现在或将来情况的愿望，常见的句型有：- I wish/If only + 主语 + 过去式：用于表达对现在情况的不满或遗憾的愿望，例如："I wish I were taller."（我希望我个子高一些。
）- I wish/If only + 主语 + would/could/过去式：用于表达对现在情况的希望或期望，例如："I wish you would come to my party."（我希望你能来参加我的派对。
）2. 表达建议虚拟语气可以用于表达对过去情况的建议，常见的句型有：- It's time/It's high time + 主语 + 过去式：用于表示现在情况应该采取的行动，例如："It's time you finished your homework."（你该完成作业了。
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高考英语语法专题虚拟语气
高考英语语法专题虚拟语气
专题口译
考点分布虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中的应用虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用虚拟语气特殊用法词性转化与固定搭配句子结构分析与文章理解
知识图
备考指南虚拟语气在语法填空、短文改错中直接性的考查相对较少，但是学好虚拟语气可以帮助我们更好地理解句子结构，同时可以将虚拟语气的句式应用于写作中，提高写作层次。
理解并分析文章中出现的语法结构。
专题十八
虚拟语气
知识清单
1虚拟语气
必备词汇
合计总数
facetoface面对面地
向上看。
沮丧的沮丧的不安的令人不安的解决方案；协议使安定下来；解决
vt.使不安；使心烦。
suffer遭受；忍受；经历
忽视，忽视，遭受；生病
calmvt.vi（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；pack捆扎；包装；打行李小包；包裹
镇静剂平静地收拾（某物）
calm(…)down（使）平静下来；（使）镇静下来grateful感激的；表示谢意的
担心涉及参与关系；参加
beconcernedabout关心；挂念becauseof因为；由于
经历经历；抵抗民族主义；地方的
setdown记下；放下；登记n本地人；本国人
为了
语法详解之虚拟语气
2虚拟语气
什么是语气？
语气是用来表达说话者意图或态度的动词形式。
英语中有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
陈述语气(indicativemood),表示所说的话是事实。
themeetingthathementionedyesterdayisveryimportant.祈使语气(imperativemood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。
openthedoor,please.
虚拟语气意味着所说的不是事实或不可能的情况，而是与事实相反的愿望、建议或假设。
ifiwereyou,iwouldseizethechanceimmediately.
一、虚拟语气在if非实条件句中的应用
学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与主句都用陈述语气。
如果明天没有火车，我就去野餐。
如果明天不下雨，我就去野餐。
虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与主句皆须用虚拟语气。
其中主句和从句谓语动词形式如下表所示：
Should/would/could/may+may+have+过去分词1）Should+动词原语情态动词（Should/would/could/may）+动词与将来事实相反。
2） weretodo原版。
3）一般过去时（动词be，也用于were）
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
如果你不参加培训，我们就去野餐。
如果现在不下雨，我们就出去野餐。
事实是：下雨了。
我们不能出去野餐
3虚拟语气
如果他来了，海明威会帮你的。
如果他来这里，他可以帮助你。
事实是：他没有来这里。
他帮不了你
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
如果她未被邀请，她将与当事人离婚。
如果她被邀请的话，她就会去参加聚会了。
事
实上，当时没有人邀请她，所以她没有来参加聚会。
如果她没有来，我今天早上就会睡过头。
如果她今天早上没给我打电话，我早就睡过头了。
事实是：她今天早上打电话给我。
我没有睡过头
3.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句
如果在两年到下一年之间，我将离开法国。
如果明年我二十岁，我就会学法语。
（事实是：我现在已经老了，明年我学不了法语了。
）
ifitshouldfail,iwouldtryagain.要是失败了，我会再试一次。
事实是：失败是可能的，但我会再试一次
典型例题
1.如果人们开得慢一点，就不会有太多事故发生。
2.如果你工作认真，你就不会犯很
多错误。
3.如果明天12点，比赛将推迟。
今天晚上我在家坐火车。
5.ifhe_______________(decide)earlier,hecouldhaveleftontheafternoonflight.
二、虚拟条件句的形式转换（1）省略连词if
虚拟条件从句中可以把if省略，把were,had或should放到主语之前，其他不变。
hadyounothelpedme,ishouldhavefailed.要是没有你的帮助，我就失败了。
4虚拟语气
如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。
(条件句暗含在分词短词butforyourhelp)whatwouldihavedonewithoutyou?如没有你，我会怎么办呢？(条件暗含
在介词短语withoutyou中)
（3）用连接词替换条件状语从句，否则，或，但
iwasbusythatday,otherwise/oriwouldhavegonewiththemthen.那天我很忙，否则那
时候我就跟他们一起去了。
iwouldhavehelpedyouyesterday,butiwastoobusy.昨天我本来
可以帮助你，但是我太忙了。
（4）错综条件句
有时条件状语从句中的动作时间与主句中的动作时间不一致（称为复合时间条件句）。
此时，动词的形式应根据其所代表的时间进行调整。
hewouldpassthetestnowifhehadtakenmyadvice．如果他听了我的劝告，他现在会通
过考试。
ifihadspokentohimyesterday,ishouldknowwhattodonow.假如昨天我对他说了，
现在我就知道该怎么办了。
youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.假如你接
受了我的意见，你现在就会好得多。
典型例子
1.butforyourhelp,we_____________(notbe)abletofinishtheworkintime.
2._______________________________。
5虚拟语气
摘要：复杂的时间条件句更常见。
该从句使用过去完成时态（指过去行为），而主句使用情态动词+动词原型（指当前状态）。