need 用法归纳(2012上)

need既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词，还可作名词，是高考中的考查率较高的词。

一、didn’t need to do与needn’t have done

这两种结构既有相同点也有不同点。相同点：都表示过去不必做某事。不同点：didn’t need to do表示“没必要做某事，实际上也没有做”之意。needn’t have done表示“虽然没有必要做某事，但已经做了”。比较：

I didn’t need to get up early, because I had no work to do that morning. 那天早晨我没必要早起，因为我没什么事做。(实际上没早起)

You needn’t have waken me up, Mum. I don’t have to go to school today. 妈妈，你本来用不着叫醒我，今天我不必上学。(实际上妈妈把我叫醒了)

【联想】need have done表示过去本来需要做某事, 但事实上未做。用于疑问句时意为“有必要……吗？”。如：

Need they have done it yesterday? 他们昨天做这件事有必要吗？

【典型考例】

Mark _______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. (2010 天津) A. needn’t B. wouldn’t

C. mustn’t

D. couldn’t

Key: A

二、need用法回顾：

1. need作情态动词，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。否定形式为needn’t。

对以need提出的问题作肯定回答要用must。

【典型考例】

— What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?

— Well, it ______ be big —that’s not important. (2008 陕西)

A. mustn’t

B. needn’t

C. can’t

D. won’t

Key: B

2. need作实义动词，意为“需要”。主语为人时，常使用不定式；主语为物时，常使用句型need doing / need to be done。

【典型考例】

As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ______. (2007 陕西)

A. need repairing

B. needs to repair

C. needs repairing

D. need to repair

Key: A

3. need作名词，意为“需要；必需品”。常用短语和句式：in need需要；be in need of需要；there is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 没必要做某事。

【典型考例】

_____________________（没有必要）call me when you arrive. Just come up to my house. I’ll be at home all day. (there) (2011 湖北)

Key: There is / will be no need to

【巩固练习】

Ⅰ. 句型转换(每空一词)。

1. I needn’t buy a new car as my old one i s still in good condition.

→ I ______ ______ ______ buy a new car as my old one is still in good condition.

2. You needn’t dress up. The restaurant is very casual.

→ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ dress up. The restaurant is very casual.

3. There are lots of places of interest needing repairing in our city.

→ There are lots of places of interest needing ______ ______ ______ in our city.

4. By the way, need I come here tomorrow again?

→ By the way, ______ ______ ______ ______ come here tomorrow again?

Ⅱ. 用didn’t need to和needn’t have及所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. I ____________ (tell) her the news, for I knew that he had told her earlier.

2. I was the first to get there. I ____________ (go) there so early.

3. It being Sunday, I ____________ (go) to work. I went to the park with my daughter.

4. I ____________ (cook) so much food. Nobody was hungry.

5. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ____________ (dress) up so formally.

Key：

Ⅰ. 1. don’t need to 2. There is no need for you to 3. to be repaired 4. do I need to

Ⅱ. 1. didn’t need to tell2. needn’t have gone 3. didn’t need to go 4. needn’t have cooked 5. needn’t have dressed