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中国故宫(紫禁城)英文版详细介绍

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Yongshou palace is a Ming Dynasty Han palace. Among the inner palace West Palace six. It is located in the south of Yi Kun palace, Changchun Palace east.
Yi Kun palace is one of the Ming Dynasty Han palace. Located on the Imperial Palace West open area.
The center of the Inner Court is the palace of Heavenly Purity, Thai Temple,and Kunning Gong, after these, there is the Imperial Garden .
The colors of the forbidden city
Yellow and vermilion are the thematic colors
The bream color is blue and white
• The gold and red building, against the huge white marble terraces on which they stand, form a striking contrast in color.
Jingshan Hill West
North
East
South
保和殿太和殿
中和殿 The Hall of Central Harmony
The Hall of Supreme Harmony

中国故宫紫禁城英文详细介绍

Yongshou palace is a Ming Dynasty Han palace. Among the inner palace West Palace six. It is located in the south of Yi Kun palace, Changchun Palace east.
明永ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ十八年(1420年)建成
嘉靖十四年(1535年)更名景仁宫
Forbidden City
The common English name, "the Forbidden City", is a translation of the Chinese name Zi jin Cheng. The name "Zi jin Cheng" is a name with significance on many levels.
Taihedian, commonly known as the "throne room", the Forbidden City is located in the main north-south axis of the prominent position, Ming Yongle eighteen years (1420) built, Mukdenpalace. This temple is the Forbidden City, the largest volume of the highest level of buildings,construction specifications, fine decor ation, can Chinese ancient building the first column. A major ceremony held in the emperor.

中国故宫(紫禁城)英文版详细的介绍

Yongshou palace is a Ming Dynasty Han palace. Among the inner palace West Palace six. It is located in the south of Yi Kun palace, Changchun Palace east.
West
North East
South
From South To the north of that or der
Tiananmen
At the end of the door
At the door
Jinshui River
Jinshui Bridge
Jinshui River
The gate is the largest palace in the forbidden city, Imperial Palace's front gate.
Then he Lord
Wu Ying Dian
The north gate of the Forbidden City -- shenwumen
在平面图上指出
紫禁城的四座城门
和四个角楼
The Forbidden City, covering an area of 720,000 square meters, consists of the Outer Court and the Inner Court.
Forbidden City
The common English name, "the Forbidden City", is a translation of the Chinese name Zi jin Cheng. The name "Zi jin Cheng" is a name with significance on many levels.

中国故宫(紫禁城)英文版详细介绍

The structures of the Forbidden City.
Some famous pal源自ces.Summary➢The structures Court
The main structures o are the Hall of Heaven Hall of Union and Pea of Earthly Tranquility of these halls are the E Palaces and the Weste living quarters for the concubines.
Taihedian, commonly kn room", the Forbidden Ci north-south axis of the p position, Ming Yongle ei years (1420) built, Mukd is the Forbidden City, the highest level of buildings,construction sp ation, can Chinese ancie first column. A major ce emperor.
Yi Kun palace is one of the Ming Dynasty Han palace. Located on West open area.
The center of the Inner Court is the palace of Heavenly Purity, Thai Temple,and Kunning Gong, after these, there is the Imperial Garden .
Yongshou palace is a Ming Dynasty Han palace. Among the inner palace West Palace six. It is located in the south of Yi Kun palace, Changchun Palace east.

(完整版)中国故宫(紫禁城)英文版详细介绍

At each end of the hall of supreme harmony have beast of prey. There are many pictures in the part of tile build. Such as dragon and phoenix, lion and hippocampus. These pictures are symbol of good luck and majesty. Architects think that the Palace Museum is an incomparable masterpiece of architecture and design.
The colors of the forbidden city
Yellow and vermilion are the thematic colors
The bream color is blue and white
• The gold and red building, against the huge white marble terraces on which they stand, form a striking contrast in color.
Forbidden City
The common English name, "the Forbidden City", is a translation of the Chinese name Zi jin Cheng. The name "Zi jin Cheng" is a name with significance on many levels.
Thank you

故宫重要景点英文介绍-The-Forbidden-City

The Forbidden City（紫禁城）Size:The forbidden city is located in the centre of Beijing city, it used to be the imperial palace for the Ming and Qing 24 emperors to live and handle state affairs. It has a history of about 600 years.Name Source:In the feudal society, emperor was commonly considered the son of God, so he always had the supreme power and his residence was absolutely forbidden to the common people. What is the name source of Forbidden City. Of course, it is open to the public today, so you guys are very lucky!Room: The forbidden city is rectangular in shape with a total space of about 163,000 square meters. There was a popular saying that it had 9,999 and a half rooms in the Forbidden city. Accordingly, the number is only a half less to 10,000 because emperor on earth did not dare to compare himself with the God of Heaven. Well in fact, the forbidden city consists of 980 buildings with 8,700 rooms. It’s amazing, right? What shocked me most is that the appearance is never disordered with so many rooms. That is mainly because the forbidden city was built along the central north-south axis and show great symmetry.Path: Today our pathway is from south to the north, that is, we entered the forbidden city from Meridian Gate and exit from the Gate of Divine Prowess. The total journey inside is about 2 hours.1: The Meridian Gate（午门）Name source: the emperor believed that the meridian line went through the forbidden city and his imperial residence was the center of the whole universe. That is another explanation is that in the ancient times, “ meridian” means “South”.2:The gate of Supreme Harmony（太和门）Function: Emperor usually held his imperial audience, accepted documents from his ministers and made decisions here.The following three halls are the main buildings in the outer court, successively, they are The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Middle Harmony and The Hall of Preserving Harmony.3: the Hall of Supreme Harmony:（太和殿）The emperor exercised his role (重大典礼)over the country here. It is a hall for grand ceremonies as well as important festival celebrations.4: The hall of Middle Harmony（中和殿）The name of Middle comes from the Confucius idea of “mean” and “impartial”. It is a place for the emperor to take a short rest. In Qing Dynasty, the emperor usually came here and examined the tools for ploughing（农耕）in spring time. Besides that, the emperor also held ceremony of presenting the genealogy revision and approval.5: the hall of Preserving Harmony（保和殿）It is a place for the emperor to have banquets to entertain the civil and military officials. Later in Qing Dynasty, emperor held the Imperial Palace examination here. Attention! There is no pillar in its front part.When you are walking through the Gate of Heavenly Purity（乾清门）, you have entered the Inner Court.Resembling to the outer court, there are also three main buildings inside, the first one you are seeing is6:The palace of Heavenly Purity（乾清宫）In Ming and Early Qing Dynasty, emperors used to live here and handle the daily affairs. Later after emperor Yongzheng, it was changed to be an audience chamber for receiving foreign ambassadors and envoys form vassal states.8：the palace of Union and Peace（交泰殿）It is a place where the empress held the important ceremonies and her birthday celebration. in Qing Dynasty, the empress usually came here and examined the tools for picking mulberry in spring time.Name source: the name of this palace came from the book of Changes(ZHOU YI), which means the intercourse of heaven & earth, harmony of positive & negative, as well as the harmony between emperor & empress.7: The palace of Earthly Tranquility（坤宁宫）In Ming and Early Qing Dynasty, it was used as empress’s residence. Later ,the hall was completely reconstructed by imitating Qingning Palace(清宁宫) in Shenyang according to the Manchu’s custom.8:The Imperial Garden（御花园）it is about 12,000 square meters, containing more than 20 different types of buildings , pavilions, terraces etc. you can also see lots of pine trees, cypress trees and other botanies.Undoubtedly, the Imperial Garden is an ideal place for entertainment and relaxation.Ok, it is almost the end of our visit in the Forbidden city. You can have a 5 minutes short break here. The toilet is …….., please come back at…….The last spot is the Gate of Divine Prowess(神武门). Actually, the name of the gate was Xuanwumen at first, but when to Emperor Kangxi, as his name is Xuanye, the gate’s name had the same pronunciation with emperor’s name. You know, it was a serious taboo for mentioning the emperor’s name in ancient times. Hence the gate’s name was finally changed to “Shenwumen”.。

紫禁城英文介绍

Lying at the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City, called Gu Gong, in Chinese, was the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now known as the Palace Museum, it is to the north of Tiananmen Square. Rectangular in shape, it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 hectares. Surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9,999 buildings. The wall has a gate on each side. Opposite the Tiananmen Gate, to the north is the Gate of Devine Might (Shenwumen), which faces Jingshan Park. The distance between these two gates is 960 meters, while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. There are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. These afford views over both the palace and the city outside. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts. The southern section, or the Outer Court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section, or the Inner Court was where he lived with his royal family. Until 1924 when the last emperor of China was driven from the Inner Court, fourteen emperors of the Ming dynasty and ten emperors of the Qing dynasty had reigned here. Having been the imperial palace for some five centuries, it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. Listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987, the Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide. Construction of the palace complex began in 1407, the 5th year of the Yongle reign of the third emperor of the Ming dynasty. It was completed fourteen years later in 1420. It was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. Stone needed was quarried from Fangshan, a suburb of Beijing. It was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. Huge amounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. Ancient Chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the Forbidden City. Take the grand red city wall for example. It has an 8.6 meters wide base reducing to 6.66 meters wide at the top. The angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. The bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. These incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong. Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family, it is the dominant color in the Forbidden City. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. However, there is one exception. Wenyuange, the royal library, has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire. Nowadays, the Forbidden City, or the Palace Museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. Splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders, the grand and deluxe halls, with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy "modern civilians". 明清两代皇帝居住的宫城叫做紫禁城。

北京故宫英文导游辞

北京故宫英文导游辞FORBIDDEN CITY(紫禁城)(In front of the meridian gate)Ladies and Gentlemen:I am pleased to serve as your guide today.This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers dividedthe constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinesepeople. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a —high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks werefired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when theimperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.(After entering the Meridian Gate and standing in front of the Five Marble Bridges on Golden Water River) now we are inside the Forbidden we start our tour, I would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .To complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the City of Beijing. The Forbidden City covers roughly one –third of this central axis. Most of the important building in the Forbidden City weree arranged along this line. The design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.The Forbidden City is divided into an outer and an inner are now standing on the southernmost part of theouter count. In front of us lies the Gate of supreme Harmony .The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. The lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. The other one is a female. Underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. The winding brook before us is the Golden Water River. It functions both as decoration and fire control .The five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by Confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. The river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. This was meant to show that the Emperors ruled the country on behalf of God.(In front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony)The Forbidden City consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. The out count yard covers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and the Gate of Heavenly Purity. The “three big halls” of SupremeHarmony, Complete Harmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building group. Flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: Wenhua (Prominent Scholars) and Wuying (Brave Warriors) . The three great halls are built on a spacious “H”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, Each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. There are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .The hall of supreme Harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of China. From the palace of Heavenly Purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. In the center are the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Union and Peace and Palace of Earthly Tranquility, a place where the Emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. Flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. There are also threebotanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial Garden, Caning garden and Quailing garden. An inner Golden Water River flows eastwardly within the inner court. The brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the Forbidden City. It is spanned by the White Jade Bridge. The river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. Most of the structures within the Forbidden City have yellow glazed tile roofs.Aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. With these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. Folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the Forbidden City. Since Paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the Son of Heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. It is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the Wenyuange Pavilion (imperial library). As amatter of fact, although the Forbidden City has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .The Wenyuange Pavilion is a library where “Si Ku Quan Shu”- China `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.(After walking past the Gate of Supreme Harmony) Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the Forbidden City. This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple “H”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. The staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406. It burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty. On thecorners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.There was a total of 24 successive emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here. The ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice, The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. In the middle of the square there is a carriageway thatwas reserved for the Emperor. On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. In wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .Why so vast a square? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. Imagine the following scene. Under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into a fairyland. Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. Civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne. At the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .He was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”I don’t want to stay here. I want to go home.”His father tried to soothe him, saying, ”It` all soon be finished .It` all soon be finished ”The ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. Coincidentally, the Qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded China `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.(On the stone terrace of the Hall of Supreme Harmony) This is a bronze incense burner. In it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. There are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the Sing monarchs. On either side of the Hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. Next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise,symbols of longevity. This copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.”It served as the national standard during the Qing dynasty. It was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. On the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. The jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the Emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.In the very forefront of the Hall of Supreme Harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. The hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, It is 35 meters in height. In front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .It has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. In the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. Behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it,there is a imperial desk . The flanks are decorated with elephants, Luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. The elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. As ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. Only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.The Hall of Supreme Harmony is also popularly known as Jinluan Dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). The floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .The so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. Reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. Each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.The hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .Of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns andpainted with gold and surround the throne. Above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the Specialities of China `s ancient architure. In the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. This copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the Xuanyuan Mirror and is thought to be made Xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. The placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of China` s successive emperors are Zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. Now you might have noticed that the Xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. Why? It is rumored that Yuan Shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .In 1916 when Yuan Shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a Western-style, high-back chair. After the foundation of the People` s Republic of China in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. It repaired and returned to thehall.(Leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient Chinese. They believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. The vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. They were kept full of water all year round.During the Qing Dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. They were made of gilt bronze or iron. Of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. When the allied forces (Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the United States, Italy, Japan and Austria) invaded Beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. During the Japanese occupation of Beijing, many vats were trucked away by the Japanese to be made into bullets .(In front of the Hall of Complete Harmony)The square architecture before us is called the Hall of Complete Harmony. It served as an antechamber. The Emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral Temple. The seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. The two Qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.(In front of the hall f Preserving Harmony)this is the Hall of Preserving Harmony. During the Qing Dynasty, banquets were held here on New Year` s eve in honour of Mongolian and Northwestern China` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. The Emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. Imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. The national exam was presided over by theemperor. The civil service exam in ancient China started during the Han Dynasty. It served the purpose of recruiting Confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. During the Tang and Qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. Once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to Beijing and took exams for three day and night. This system was abolished in 1905.(Behind the hall of preserving harmony)this is the largest stone carving in the palace . It is meters long, meters wide and meters thick .It weighs about 200 tons. The block was quarried in Fangshan County, roughly 70 kilometers away. To transport such a huge block to Beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. Rolling blocks were used in the summer. In 1760, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the Ming Dynasty.Note : From here, the tour can be conducted viathree different routes: a western route(Route A), a central route (Route B) or an eastern route (Route C) .The commentary for each follows.Route ALadies and Gentlemen:You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . The hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to Fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) Hall in the east. This hall was built during the Ming Dynasty. IT is a H-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .The hall is surrounded by corridors. In front of the hall is the Office of Privy Council.Before Emperor Kangxi of Qing the Dynasty came to power the Hall of Heavenly Purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. Emperor Yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .For the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .You canhave a look at the inside from the door. The central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. The western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. The hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of Buddha and miniature pagodas. On the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the Han costume. In a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “Sanxitang” (Room of Three Rare Treasures) . The room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that Empress Dowager Cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . A bamboo curtain was used to separate them .Empress Dowage Cixi was born in 1835 in Lu` an Prefecture of shanxi province. She` s of Manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south China. When she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of Emperor Xianfeng andmoved into the Forbidden City. She gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. When the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of Cixi, meaning “Holy Mother” was conferred upon her and she became the Empress Dowager. In that same year Empress Dowager Cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, Ci` an, for 48 years. She passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. It was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .In 1912 , Empress dowager Longyu declared the abdication of the last Qing emperor Puyi. They were allowed to remain in the Forbidden City for the next 13 years .The royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.Behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive Qing emperors .Three of them actually passed away here. The side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines.Now let` s continue with our tour. It will take us to the Hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.Route B(Inside the Hall of heavenly Purity)Ladies and Gentlemen:We are now entering the inner court. From the Gate of Heavenly Purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .The Hall of heavenly Purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the Reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty. There are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .In the center of the hall there a throne. Above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “Be open and above-board,”written by Shenzhi,the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Beginning with Qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces ofpaper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. The box was opened only after the emperor passed away. Altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daohuang and Xian feng.The hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the Ming and Qing dynasties. According to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on New Year` s Eve in honour of royal family members. Foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-Qing period. Two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the Qing Dynasty were also held here. All the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.This hall was also used for mourning services.(Inside the Palace of Union and Peace)this hall sits between the Hall of heavenly Purity and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .It was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. Thehall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the Hall of complete Harmony .You will see a plaque here inscribed with two Chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by Emperor Qianglong. A throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .Above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. The emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.In 1748 during Emperor Qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .No seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. On each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.(Inside the palace of earthly tranquility)This used to be the central hall where successive Ming empresses lived. During the Qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .The room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.Route CLadies and Gentlemen:You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. The first is the Treasure Hall. This mansion is called the Hall of Imperial Zenith. This is where Sing Emperor Quailing lived after abdication. Nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the Golden Hair Tower is one of the most famous. This tower is in height and its base is meters in circumference .It was built under the order of Emperor Quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. There is also a “Day harnessing Water Jade Hill ” on display here. Yu was a legendary monarch of the remote Ixia dynasty. Under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the Yellow River. This jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in China. This mat was woven with peeled ivory. These artifacts are among China` s rarest treasures.The Imperial Garden can be accessed through theQiong yuan (Jade Garden )West gate or the qiong yuan east gate. A third gate, the shunzhen(Obedience and Fidelity)Gate, opens to the north. Its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.As our tour of the Forbidden City draws to a close, I hope that I have helped you understand why the Palace is a treasure of China and one of the cultural relics of the world. It is under the strict protection of the Chinese government. Since 1949 when the people` s Rupublic of China was founded, nearly one trillion RMB was spent on its restoration and refurbishment. The Forbidden City has undergone four major facelifts to date. Each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics. The Palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics. Well, so much for today .Let` s go to reboard the coach. Thank you !The end, XXCollecting and Typing by foreverlydia(In front of the Nine-Dragon Screen)this is the Nine-Dragon Relief Screen .Erected in 1773,it is meters in height and meters in width. Underneath is a foundation made of marble .The surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits The ancient Chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits .The ancient Chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .The 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. Interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. It is believe that when the Nine-dragon Screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .Emperor Qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .Using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed。

故宫英文介绍

（the Hall of Supreme Harmony）
太THha和ermHo殿anlyl,
of Supreme rectangular
in
shape, 27 meters in
height, 2300 square
meters in area, is the
grandest and most
important hall in the
The forbidden
city Sightseeig
map
the Meridian Gate to the south
午门 The shape of the gate is the most high-level form. Wumen gate where the
emperor ordered the expedition, and
imperial palace during the Ming and Qing
dynasties. Rectangular in shape, it is the
world's largest palace complex and covers 74
hectares.
译
The ensemble (整体布局）
supremeharmony太和殿completeharmony中和殿palaceheavenlypurity乾清宫forbiddencity
The Forbidden City
Introduction
This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 14 build the Forbidden City. 译

故宫英文介绍

故宫英文导游词FORBIDDEN CITY(紫禁城)(In front of the meridian gate)Ladies and Gentlemen:I am pleased to serve as your guide today.This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ‖an eastern purple cloud is drifting‖ became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavilyguarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City.A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were firedin kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperorsheld lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.(After entering the Meridian Gate and standing in front of the Five Marble Bridges on Golden Water River)now we are inside the Forbidden City.Before we start our tour, I would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .To complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on anorth-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the City of Beijing. The Forbidden City covers roughly one –third of this central axis. Most of the important building in the Forbidden City weree arranged along this line. The design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.The Forbidden City is divided into an outer and an inner count.We are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. In front of us lies the Gate of supreme Harmony .The gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial powerand dignity. The lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. The one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. Theother one is a female. Underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. The winding brook before us is the Golden Water River. It functions both as decoration and fire control .The five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by Confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. The river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. This was meant to show that the Emperors ruled the country on behalf of God.(In front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony)The Forbidden City consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. The out count yard covers a vast space lying between the Meridian Gate and the Gate of Heavenly Purity. The ―three big halls‖ of Supreme Harmony, Complete Harmony and Preserving Harmony constitute the center of this building group. Flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: Wen hua (Prominent Scholars) and Wuying (Brave Warriors) . The three great halls are built on a spacious ―H‖-shaped,8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, Each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. There are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .The hall of supreme Harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of China. From the palace of Heavenly Purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. In the center are the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Union and Peace and Palace of Earthly Tranquility, a place where the Emperors lived with their families and attendedto state affairs. Flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. There are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial Garden, Caning garden and Quailing garden. An inner Golden Water River flows eastwardly within the inner court. The brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the Forbidden City. It is spanned by the White Jade Bridge. The river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. Most of the structures within the Forbidden City have yellow glazed tile roofs.Aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. With these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. Folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the Forbidden City. Since Paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the Son of Heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. It is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the Wenyuange Pavilion (imperial library). As a matter of fact, although the Forbidden City has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .The Wenyuange Pavilion is a library where ―Si Ku Quan Shu‖- China `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.(After walking past the Gate of Supreme Harmony)Ladies and Gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the Forbidden City. This structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . The Hall of Supreme Harmony sits on a triple ―H‖-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. The staircase on theground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.The construction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony began in 1406. It burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. The existing architecture was built during the Qing Dynasty. On the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. These animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. There are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. The number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.There was a total of 24 successive emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties who were enthroned here. The ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the Winter Solstice, The Chinese Lunar New Year, the Emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .On such occasions, the Emperor would hold audiencefor his court officials and receive their tributes.This area is called the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which covers a total of30,000 square meters, Without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. In the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the Emperor. On both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. The purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. In the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. In the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. In wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .Why so vast a square? It was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness.Imagine the following scene. Under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme Harmony into a fairyland. Whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. When the Emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. Civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.The last Qing emperor Puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, His father carried him to the throne. At the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .He was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,‖I don’t want to stay here. I want to go home.‖ His father tried to soothe him, saying, ‖It` all soon be finished .It` all soon be finished ‖The ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. Coincidentally, the Qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded China `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.(On the stone terrace of the Hall of Supreme Harmony)This is a bronze incense burner. In it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. There are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the Sing monarchs. On either side of the Hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. Next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. This copper-cast grain measure is called ‖jialiang.‖ It served as the national standard during the Qing dynasty. It was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. On the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. The jialiang and the sundial wereprobably meant to show what the Emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.In the very forefront of the Hall of Supreme Harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. The hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, It is 35 meters in height. In front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .It has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. In the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. Behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . The flanks are decorated with elephants, Luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. The elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. As ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. Only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.The Hall of Supreme Harmony is also popularly known as Jinluan Dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). The floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .The so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. Reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. Each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.The hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .Of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. Above the very center of thishall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the Specialities of China `s ancient architure. In the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. This copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the Xuanyuan Mirror and is thought to be made Xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. The placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of China` s successive emperors are Zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. Now you might have noticed that the Xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. Why? It is rumored that Yuan Shikai, aself-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .In 1916 when Yuan Shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a Western-style, high-back chair. After the foundation of the People` s Republic of China in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. It repaired and returned to the hall.(Leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called ―menhai,‖ or sea before the door by the ancient Chinese. They believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. The vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. They were kept full of water all year round.During the Qing Dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. They were made of gilt bronze or iron. Of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. When the allied forces (Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the United States,Italy, Japan and Austria) invaded Beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the Boxer Rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. During the Japanese occupation of Beijing, many vatswere trucked away by the Japanese to be made into bullets .(In front of the Hall of Complete Harmony)The square architecture before us is called the Hall of Complete Harmony. It served as an antechamber. The Emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral Temple. The seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. The two Qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.(In front of the hall f Preserving Harmony)this is the Hall of Preserving Harmony. During the Qing Dynasty, banquets were held here on New Year` s eve in honour of Mongolian and Northwestern China` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. The Emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. Imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. The national exam was presided over by the emperor. The civil service exam in ancient China started during the Han Dynasty. It served the purpose of recruiting Confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. During the Tang and Qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. Once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to Beijing and took exams for three day and night. This system was abolished in 1905.(Behind the hall of preserving harmony)this is the largest stone carving in the palace . It is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .It weighs about 200 tons. The block was quarried in FangshanCounty, roughly 70 kilometers away. To transport such a huge block to Beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. Rolling blocks were used in the summer. In 1760, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the Ming Dynasty.Note : From here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(Route A), a central route (Route B) or an eastern route (Route C) .The commentary for each follows.Route ALadies and Gentlemen:You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . The hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to Fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) Hall in the east. This hall was built during the Ming Dynasty. IT is a H-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .The hall is surrounded by corridors. In front of the hall is the Office of Privy Council.Before Emperor Kangxi of Qing the Dynasty came to power the Hall of Heavenly Purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. Emperor Yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .For the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .You can have a look at the inside from the door. The central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. The western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussedmilitary and political affairs. The hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of Buddha and miniature pagodas. On the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the Han costume. In a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room ―Sanxitang‖ (Room of Three Rare Treasures) . The room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that Empress Dowager Cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . A bamboo curtain was used to separate them .Empress Dowage Cixi was born in 1835 in Lu` an Prefecture of shanxi province. She` s of Manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south China. When she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of Emperor Xianfeng and moved into the Forbidden City. She gave birth to a son when she was21years old and was made a concubine the following year. When the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of Cixi, meaning―Holy Mother‖ was conferred upon her and she became the Empress Dowager. In that same year Empress Dowager Cixi carried out a count coup d` etatand ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, Ci` an, for 48 years. She passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. It was in reference to this situation that the term ―attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain‖ developed .In 1912 , Empress dowager Longyu declared the abdication of the last Qing emperor Puyi. They were allowed to remain in the Forbidden City for the next 13 years .The royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.Behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive Qing emperors .Three of them actually passed away here. The side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. Now let` s continue with our tour. It willtake us to the Hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.Route B(Inside the Hall of heavenly Purity)Ladies and Gentlemen:We are now entering the inner court. From the Gate of Heavenly Purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .The Hall of heavenly Purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the Reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty. There are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .In the center of the hall there a throne. Above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads ―Be open and above-board,‖ written by Shenzhi,the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Beginning with Qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publiclyannounced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. The box was opened only after the emperor passed away. Altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daohuang and Xian feng.The hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the Ming and Qing dynasties. According to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on New Year` s Eve in honour of royal family members. Foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-Qing period. Two important ―one thousand old men` s feasts‖ of the Qing Dynasty were also held here. All the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age. This hall was also used for mourning services.(Inside the Palace of Union and Peace)this hall sits between the Hall of heavenly Purity and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .It was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. The hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the Hall of complete Harmony .You will see a plaque here inscribed with two Chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by Emperor Qianglong. A throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .Above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. The emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.In 1748 during Emperor Qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .No seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. On each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock. (Inside the palace of earthly tranquility)This used to be the central hall where successive Ming empresses lived. During the Qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .The room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.Route CLadies and Gentlemen:You have seen the three main halls of the Forbidden City. Now I` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. The first is the Treasure Hall. This mansion is called the Hall of Imperial Zenith. This is where Sing Emperor Quailing lived after abdication. Nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the Golden Hair Tower is one of the most famous. This tower is 1.53meters inheight and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .It was built under the order of Emperor Quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. There is also a ―Day harnessing Water Jade Hill ‖ on display here. Yu was a legendary monarch of the remote Ixia dynasty. Under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the Yellow River. This jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in China. This mat was woven with peeled ivory. These artifacts are among China` s rarest treasures.(In front of the Nine-Dragon Screen)this is the Nine-Dragon Relief Screen .Erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width. Underneath is a foundation made of marble .The surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits The ancient Chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. It was meant to ward off evil spirits .The ancient Chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .The 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. Interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. It is believe that when the Nine-dragon Screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .Emperor Qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .Using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection. Later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.(Approaching the Imperial Garden)Behind the Palace of Earthly Tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial Garden. There are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in thisgarden .It cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the Forbidden City. Most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged . However, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration. Woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.There main structure of the Imperial Garden is the Qin` an Hall. Positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west. The hall sits on a marble pedestal. The Taoist deity of Zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis. Taoist rites were held during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. In front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .In all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines. To the northwest of the hall , there is the Yanhui(Sustaining Sunshine) Pavilion and to the northeast there lies the Duixiu (Accumulated Refinement )Hill. This Hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed Guanhua (Admiring Flowers) Hall of the Ming Dynasty. It is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province. At its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth. There are meandering paths leading to the hilltop. At the top of Duixiu Hill sits the Yujing (Imperial Viewing)Pavilion. Traditionally, On the day of the Double Ninth Festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month ), the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to Yujing Pavilion to enjoy the scenery. At the southeastern corner of the Garden is Jiangxue(Crimson Snowy) Verandah. Nearby to the southwest lies Yangxing Study (study of the cultivation of nature) .The yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi once studied English there. In。

介绍紫禁城的作文英语

介绍紫禁城的作文英语Introduction to the Forbidden City。

The Forbidden City, located in the heart of Beijing, China, is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world. With its rich history, stunning architecture, and cultural significance, it has captivated the imagination of people around the globe for centuries.Constructed during the Ming Dynasty in the early 15th century, the Forbidden City served as the imperial palace for the emperors of China for nearly 500 years. It was the political and ceremonial center of Chinese government and the home of emperors and their households.The Forbidden City spans an impressive 180 acres and is surrounded by a moat and high walls, symbolizing the exclusivity and isolation of the imperial court. Its layout is meticulously designed, with a series of grand halls, pavilions, courtyards, and gardens arranged along a centralaxis. The architecture reflects traditional Chinesepalatial style, characterized by intricate wooden carvings, colorful glazed tiles, and majestic sloping roofs adorned with mythical creatures.One of the most notable features of the Forbidden City is its distinctive color scheme of red and yellow, which were reserved for imperial buildings in ancient China. The vibrant red walls symbolize good fortune and happiness, while the golden-yellow roofs represent imperial power and wealth.Stepping through the imposing Meridian Gate, visitors are greeted by the vast expanse of the Outer Court, where the most important state ceremonies and rituals took place. Here, the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the largest and most significant building in the complex, stands as a symbol of imperial authority. Its grandeur and scale are awe-inspiring, showcasing the power and prestige of the Chinese emperor.Beyond the Outer Court lies the Inner Court, where theemperor and his family resided. This area is characterized by smaller halls, pavilions, and living quarters, each meticulously designed and decorated to reflect the opulence and refinement of imperial life.In addition to its architectural splendor, theForbidden City houses an extensive collection of cultural artifacts and treasures, including imperial robes, ceramics, paintings, and ancient manuscripts. These artifacts offer valuable insights into the customs, traditions, and dailylife of the imperial court.Today, the Forbidden City is a UNESCO World HeritageSite and one of China's most visited tourist attractions, drawing millions of visitors from around the world each year. It serves as a poignant reminder of China's rich cultural heritage and imperial legacy, preserving itshistory for future generations to appreciate and admire.In conclusion, the Forbidden City stands as a testament to China's imperial past, showcasing the grandeur, beauty, and sophistication of ancient Chinese civilization. Itsenduring legacy continues to inspire wonder and fascination, making it a must-see destination for travelers and history enthusiasts alike.。

紫禁城英语介绍

紫禁城英语介绍Nestled in the heart of Beijing, China, stands a testament to over five centuries of imperial grandeur - the Forbidden City. This vast complex, once the exclusive domain of China's emperors, is now a museum open to the public, revealing the rich history and exquisite architecture of the Ming and Qing dynasties.The Forbidden City is not just a structure; it's a symbol of power, tradition, and cultural continuity. Spanning across an area of approximately 72 hectares, it's the largest preserved wooden structure in the world, a feat of engineering that still astonishes visitors today.The complex was initiated in 1406 by the Ming Emperor Yongle and completed 14 years later. Its construction was a monumental task, involving over a million workers and craftsmen. The design of the Forbidden City is a harmonious blend of Confucian symmetry and feng shui principles, reflecting the emperor's belief in a balanced universe and his divine right to rule.At the center of the Forbidden City stands the Taihe Hall, the largest wooden building in the world. This is where the emperor conducted official business, receiving foreign dignitaries, and presiding over important ceremonies. The hall's interior is adorned with paintings and carvings that were once the exclusive view of the emperor and his court.Surrounding the Taihe Hall are other halls and palaces, each with its own unique function and significance. The Kunning Palace, for instance, was the emperor's living quarters, while the Donghua Gate was the main entrance for the imperial family. The Forbidden City also includes gardens, pavilions, and altars, all designed to enhance the overall aesthetic and symbolic value of the complex.What truly sets the Forbidden City apart is its attention to detail. From the intricate carvings on the beams and pillars to the elaborate tiles on the roofs, every element tells a story of craftsmanship and cultural significance. The use of red and gold throughout the complex is not just aesthetically pleasing; it also symbolizes prosperity and imperial power.Today, the Forbidden City is not just a tourist attraction; it's a national treasure. It's a testament tothe rich history and cultural heritage of China, a place where history comes alive for visitors from all over the world. As one walks through the Forbidden City, it's easyto be transported back in time, to imagine the grandeur and pomp of the imperial era.**紫禁城的辉煌：一篇介绍**位于中国北京心脏地带的紫禁城，是五个多世纪帝国辉煌的历史见证。

紫禁城的简单介绍英语作文

紫禁城的简单介绍英语作文The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Located in the center of Beijing, it was the political and cultural center of China for over 500 years.The construction of the Forbidden City started in 1406 and was completed in 1420. It covers an area of 720,000 square meters and has over 9,000 rooms. The palace is surrounded by a moat and a 10-meter-high wall, which symbolized the emperor's supreme power and authority.The Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Court. The Outer Court consists of three main halls: the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony. These halls were used for important ceremonies and imperial meetings. The Inner Court was where the emperor and his family lived. The most famous building in the Inner Courtis the Palace of Heavenly Purity, where the emperor wouldsleep and conduct his daily business.The Forbidden City is not only a symbol of China's rich history and culture but also a masterpiece of ancient architecture. The palace is decorated with intricate carvings, colorful paintings, and beautiful gardens. It is a testament to the skill and craftsmanship of the ancient Chinese people.Today, the Forbidden City is a popular tourist destination and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Visitors can explore the palace and learn about China's imperial past.It is a must-see attraction for anyone visiting Beijing.In conclusion, the Forbidden City is a remarkable piece of Chinese history and culture. Its grandeur and beauty continue to captivate visitors from all over the world. It is a true treasure of China and a testament to thecountry's rich cultural heritage.。

紫禁城的简单介绍英语作文

紫禁城的简单介绍英语作文The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, is located in the heart of Beijing, China. It was the imperial palace for 24 emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties, spanning over 500 years of history. The Forbidden City is one of the most well-preserved ancient architectural complexes in the world and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.The construction of the Forbidden City began in 1406 and was completed in 1420. It covers an area of 180 acres and consists of 980 buildings with over 8,700 rooms. The complex is surrounded by a 26-foot-high wall and a 171-foot-wide moat, symbolizing the supreme power and authority of the emperor.The Forbidden City is divided into two main sections: the Outer Court and the Inner Court. The Outer Court was used for ceremonial purposes and to conduct state affairs, while the Inner Court was the living quarters of the emperor and his family. Each building in the Forbidden Cityis meticulously designed and decorated with intricate carvings, colorful paintings, and precious artifacts.One of the most famous features of the Forbidden Cityis the Hall of Supreme Harmony, which is the largest and most important building in the complex. It was used for important ceremonies and official events during theimperial era. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is adorned with dragon motifs, symbolizing the emperor's authority and power.Visitors to the Forbidden City can also explore the Imperial Garden, which is a tranquil oasis in the midst of the bustling city. The garden is filled with ancient trees, pavilions, and rockeries, providing a peaceful retreat for the emperor and his family.In conclusion, the Forbidden City is a magnificent architectural masterpiece that showcases the grandeur and splendor of China's imperial past. It is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in Chinese history and culture. The Forbidden City continues to attract millionsof visitors from around the world each year, making it one of the most popular tourist attractions in China.。

紫禁城英文介绍作文

紫禁城英文介绍作文The Forbidden City, also known as the Purple Forbidden City, is a magnificent palace complex located in the heart of Beijing, China. It was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties and is now a UNESCO World Heritage site. This architectural masterpiece is a symbol of China's rich history and cultural heritage.Walking through the massive red walls and entering the Forbidden City feels like stepping back in time. The grandeur and opulence of the palace complex are truly awe-inspiring. The intricate details of the buildings, from the colorful roofs to the ornate carvings, are a testament to the craftsmanship of the ancient Chinese artisans.As you explore the Forbidden City, you will come across numerous halls, pavilions, and courtyards. Each of these structures has its own unique purpose and significance. From the Hall of Supreme Harmony, where the emperor held grand ceremonies, to the Palace of Heavenly Purity, whichserved as the emperor's living quarters, every building tells a story of the imperial past.One of the highlights of the Forbidden City is the Imperial Garden. This serene oasis is a stark contrast to the grandeur of the palace complex. Here, you can stroll along winding paths, admire the beautiful flowers and plants, and even catch a glimpse of the imperial fish pond. It is a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of the city.The Forbidden City is not only a historical site but also a treasure trove of art and artifacts. The Palace Museum, located within the complex, houses a vastcollection of imperial treasures, including ancient paintings, calligraphy, ceramics, and jade. It offers a fascinating insight into the artistic achievements of the Chinese civilization.Visiting the Forbidden City is a journey through time and a chance to immerse yourself in the rich cultural heritage of China. The sheer size and grandeur of thepalace complex, combined with its historical significance, make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in Chinese history and architecture.In conclusion, the Forbidden City is a magnificent palace complex that showcases the grandeur and opulence of imperial China. Its stunning architecture, intricate details, and rich historical significance make it a must-visit destination for travelers from around the world. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an art lover, or simply curious about Chinese culture, the Forbidden City offers a unique and unforgettable experience.。

介绍紫禁城的作文英语

介绍紫禁城的作文英语The Forbidden City, located in the heart of Beijing, China, is a majestic symbol of Chinese imperial power and architectural grandeur. With its rich history spanning over 600 years, it stands as a testament to the ancient civilization and cultural heritage of China.Firstly, the Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, was constructed during the Ming Dynasty, startingin 1406 and completed in 1420. It served as the imperial palace for 24 emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Covering an area of over 180 acres, it is the largest palace complex in the world.The Forbidden City is renowned for its exquisite architectural design, characterized by its grandeur, symmetry, and meticulous attention to detail. Its layout is based on traditional Chinese cosmology and philosophy, with the main buildings aligned along a central axis, representing the harmony between heaven and earth.The complex is surrounded by a massive red wall and a moat, which served both as a defensive measure and as a symbolic barrier between the imperial court and the outside world. The walls are adorned with intricate carvings and decorations, showcasing the craftsmanship and artistic prowess of the craftsmen of that era.Entering the Forbidden City through the Meridian Gate, visitors are greeted by a vast courtyard known as the Outer Court, where important ceremonies and rituals were conducted. The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the largest and most important building in the complex, sits at the heart of the Outer Court and served as the throne room where the emperor held court and conducted state affairs.Moving further into the complex, one enters the Inner Court, where the emperor and his family resided. Here, one can find the lavish living quarters, gardens, and private chambers of the imperial family, as well as the iconic Hall of Heavenly Purity and the Hall of Union, which were used for important ceremonies and banquets.Throughout the Forbidden City, one can marvel at the exquisite craftsmanship and artistic treasures housedwithin its walls. The palace is home to a vast collection of priceless artifacts, including ancient paintings, ceramics, jade carvings, and imperial treasures, providing invaluable insights into China's rich cultural heritage.In addition to its architectural and historical significance, the Forbidden City also holds immensecultural and symbolic importance for the Chinese people. It has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is widely regarded as one of the greatest architectural achievements of ancient China.In conclusion, the Forbidden City stands as a timeless symbol of China's imperial glory and cultural legacy. Its majestic architecture, rich history, and profound cultural significance continue to captivate visitors from around the world, making it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the history and culture of China.。

介绍紫禁城简单的英文作文

介绍紫禁城简单的英文作文The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, is a magnificent palace complex located in the heart of Beijing, China. It was the imperial palace for 24 emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties, spanning over 500 years of history. With its grandeur and historical significance, the Forbidden City is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most popular tourist attractions in China.The Forbidden City covers an area of 180 acres and consists of over 90 palace compounds, including numerous halls, pavilions, and gardens. It is surrounded by a 52-meter-wide moat and a 10-meter-high wall, symbolizing the exclusivity and seclusion of the imperial palace.The architectural style of the Forbidden City is a perfect blend of traditional Chinese and imperial designs. The buildings are characterized by their yellow glazed roof tiles, red walls, and intricate wooden carvings. The layout of the palace is based on the principles of feng shui, withthe main buildings aligned along a central axis and symmetrically arranged on both sides.As you enter the Forbidden City through the Meridian Gate, you will first come across the Outer Court, which was the ceremonial center of the palace. Here, you can explore the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony, where important state ceremonies and imperial banquets were held.Moving further into the Inner Court, you will find the living quarters of the emperors and their families. TheHall of Heavenly Purity served as the emperor's sleeping quarters, while the Hall of Union and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility were used by the empresses. The imperial gardens, such as the Imperial Garden and the Hall of Mental Cultivation, provided a serene retreat for the royal family.Apart from the stunning architecture, the ForbiddenCity also houses a vast collection of cultural relics and artifacts. The Palace Museum holds over 1.8 million piecesof art and historical treasures, including paintings,calligraphy, ceramics, jade, and imperial costumes. These artifacts provide a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of China and the lives of the imperial family.Visiting the Forbidden City is like stepping back in time and experiencing the grandeur of ancient China. The meticulous craftsmanship, the intricate details, and the historical significance make it a must-visit destinationfor history enthusiasts and cultural explorers.In conclusion, the Forbidden City is a remarkable testament to the imperial history of China. Its architectural beauty, cultural relics, and historical significance make it an iconic landmark that attracts millions of visitors from around the world. Exploring the palace complex allows one to immerse themselves in the grandeur and splendor of ancient China, providing a deeper understanding of the country's rich cultural heritage.。

故宫重要景点英文介绍-theforbiddencity

故宫重要景点英文介绍-theforbiddencityThe Forbidden City（紫禁城）Size:The forbidden city is located in the centre of Beijing city, it used to be the imperial palace for the Ming and Qing 24 emperors to live and handle state affairs. It has a history of about 600 years.Name Source:In the feudal society, emperor was commonly considered the son of God, so he always had the supreme power and his residence was absolutely forbidden to the common people. What is the name source of Forbidden City. Of course, it is open to the public today, so you guys are very lucky!Room: The forbidden city is rectangular in shape with a total space of about 163,000 square meters. There was a popular saying that it had 9,999 and a half rooms in the Forbidden city. Accordingly, the number is only a half less to 10,000 because emperor on earth did not dare to compare himself with the God of Heaven. Well in fact, the forbidden city consists of 980 buildings with 8,700 rooms. It’s amazing, right What shocked me most is that the appearance is never disordered with so many rooms. That is mainly because the forbidden city was built along the central north-south axis and show great symmetry.Path: Today our pathway is from south to the north, that is, we entered the forbidden city from Meridian Gate and exit from the Gate of Divine Prowess. The total journey inside is about 2 hours.1: The Meridian Gate（午门）Name source: the emperor believed that the meridian line went through the forbidden city and his imperial residence was the center of the whole universe. That is another explanation isthat in the ancient times, “ meridian” means “South”.2:The gate of Supreme Harmony（太和门）Function: Emperor usually held his imperial audience, accepted documents from his ministers and made decisions here.The following three halls are the main buildings in the outer court, successively,they are The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Middle Harmony and The Hall of Preserving Harmony.3: the Hall of Supreme Harmony:（太和殿）The emperor exercised his role (重大典礼)over the country here. It is a hall for grand ceremonies as well as important festival celebrations.4: The hall of Middle Harmony（中和殿）The name of Middle comes from the Confucius idea of “mean” and “impartial”. It is a place for the emperor to take a short rest. In Qing Dynasty, the emperor usually came here and examined the tools for ploughing（农耕） in spring time. Besides that, the emperor also held ceremony of presenting the genealogy revision and approval.5: the hall of Preserving Harmony（保和殿）It is a place for the emperor to have banquets to entertain the civil and military officials. Later in Qing Dynasty, emperor held the Imperial Palace examination here. Attention! There is no pillar in its front part.When you are walking through the Gate of Heavenly Purity （乾清门）, you have entered the Inner Court.Resembling to the outer court, there are also three main buildings inside, the first one you are seeing is6:The palace of Heavenly Purity（乾清宫）In Ming and Early Qing Dynasty, emperors used to live hereand handle the daily affairs. Later after emperor Yongzheng, it was changed to be an audience chamber for receiving foreign ambassadors and envoys form vassal states.8：the palace of Union and Peace（交泰殿）It is a place where the empress held the important ceremonies and her birthday celebration. in Qing Dynasty, the empress usually came here and examined the tools for picking mulberry in spring time.Name source: the name of this palace came from the book of Changes(ZHOU YI), whichmeans the intercourse of heaven & earth, harmony of positive & negative, as well as the harmony between emperor & empress.7: The palace of Earthly Tranquility（坤宁宫）In Ming and Early Qing Dynasty, it was used as empress’s residence. Later ,the hall was completely reconstructed by imitating Qingning Palace(清宁宫) in Shenyang according to the Manchu’s custom.8:The Imperial Garden（御花园）it is about 12,000 square meters, containing more than 20 different types of buildings , pavilions, terraces etc. you can also see lots of pine trees, cypress trees and other botanies. Undoubtedly, the Imperial Garden is an ideal place for entertainment and relaxation.Ok, it is almost the end of our visit in the Forbidden city. You can have a 5 mi nutes short break here. The toilet is …….., please come back at…….The last spot is the Gate of Divine Prowess(神武门). Actually, the name of the gate was Xuanwumen at first, but when to Emperor Kangxi, as his name is Xuanye, the gate’s name hadthe same pron unciation with emperor’s name. You know, it was a serious taboo for mentioning the emperor’s name in ancient times. Hence the gate’s name was finally changed to “Shenwumen”.。

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