常见化学实验室玻璃仪器

常见化学实验室玻璃仪器

Chemical laboratory glassware is a common tool used in scientific research and chemical experiments. With the help of these glassware instruments, chemists can carry out various operations with precision and accuracy. In this article, we will introduce the most commonly used chemical laboratory glassware and their functions.

1. Erlenmeyer Flask (锥形瓶)

The Erlenmeyer flask, also known as a conical flask, is a commonly used glassware instrument in chemical laboratories. It has a cone-shaped bottom and a narrow neck. The wide base of the flask provides stability during stirring and mixing, while the narrow neck allows for easy pouring and reduces the

possibility of spills.

The Erlenmeyer flask can be used for a variety of purposes, such as holding, mixing, heating, and

boiling liquids. It is ideal for use with solutions that need to be swirled or mixed, as its shape makes

it easy to agitate the contents.

2. Beaker (烧杯)

A beaker is a cylindrical-shaped glassware instrument with a flat bottom and a spout for pouring

liquids. It is commonly used in chemical experiments for measuring or mixing liquids.

Beakers come in a range of sizes, from small to large volumes, and are often graduated for easy measurement. They are also often used for heating solutions on a hot plate.

3. Test Tube (试管)

A test tube is a small, thin glass tube used in chemical experiments. It is typically cylindrical in shape with a rounded bottom and an open top. Some test tubes come with a stopper or a cap to seal the contents.

Test tubes are often used for holding and mixing small amounts of liquids, as well as for conducting small-scale experiments. They are ideal for heating small amounts of solutions in a water bath.

4. Graduated Cylinder (量筒)

A graduated cylinder is a cylindrical-shaped glassware instrument with a narrow neck and a flat base. It is mainly used for measuring liquids in chemical experiments.

The cylinder is designed with markings along the side, allowing for precise measurement of the volume of liquid it contains. It is often used in conjunction with a pipette or burette for precise measurement of liquids.

5. Burette (分液漏斗)

A burette is a long and narrow glassware

instrument that is used for delivering solution to a reaction mixture in a controlled and precise manner.

It is often used in titration experiments.

Burettes are typically long, thin, and graduated with markings indicating the volume of solution that has been dispensed. It is also equipped with a

stopcock at the bottom to control the flow of solution.

6. Pipette (移液管)

A pipette is a thin glass tube with a narrow, tapered tip used for measuring and transferring

liquids in chemical experiments. It is also used when very precise and accurate measurements of fluid volume are required.

There are two types of pipettes: volumetric and micropipette. Volumetric pipettes are used for measuring a precise volume of solution, while micropipettes are used for measuring very small volumes of liquids.

7. Funnel (漏斗)

A funnel is a glass cone-shaped instrument that

is used to channel liquids or fine-grained materials into a container with a small opening. It is commonly used in filtration experiments to transfer a liquid from one flask to another.

Funnels are also used in decanting experiments, where a liquid is slowly poured off a precipitate, and