2022年12月大学英语六级真题第听力原文

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2022年12月6级真题第一套听力原文

College English Test Band 6Part ⅡListening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneM: How's your dissertation going?I'm proofreading my first draft and will submit it to my professor tomorrow.W: Oh, I haven't even started writing mine yet, so I'm really worried about finishing by the end of next semester.M: You mean you haven't even begun yours yet? The final draft is due in five months.W: Of course I've started it, but I can't get to the writing yet as I haven't found enough resources to use, so I'm still researching the topic.M: Maybe the problem is the way you're doing your research.I started by talking to my professor about where to look for information.And based on that, I found books in the library and a lot of reputable journal articles on the Internet.W: I've tried all that, but don't have enough to write the dissertation as my department's minimum length is 70 pages.I think the problem is that my topic isn't viable.And honestly, my professor did warn me at the beginning that I might not be able to find enough material.But I was so interested in the topic that I didn't let his advice to turn me.M: Well, I suggest you find a new topic.After all, our professors are here to guide us, so it's best to listen to them.W: In retrospect, I wish I had listened to him, but I didn't. And now I don't want to give up my topic as I've already invested so much time and energy.M: If you're committed to your current topic, maybe you couldmake some adjustments rather than abandon it completely. What is your topic?W: It's "Depictions of Femininity and Folklore from the South of the Country".M: That's pretty narrow. You could find more material if you made the topic broader, maybe by including other kinds of depictions.W: Broadening the topic is a great idea. I'll start by including folklore from other regions of the country.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. What does the woman say about her dissertation?2. What does the man say about his professor?3. What does the woman say about her professor?4. What do we learn the woman will do to complete her dissertation?Conversation TwoW: Today, on Book Talk, we are lucky enough to host John Robbins and discuss his new book, Why Americans Are Fat and How We Can Lose Weight.John isn't just a respected writer; he's also one of the rarecelebrity authors writing about science today.M: Thanks for having me, Rebecca, but I'm hardly a celebrity. W: That's very modest of you to say, considering that your four books have sold a total of seven million copies worldwide, and they've been translated into 12 different languages.What makes people so fascinated with your work?M: Well, people read my books because more than 60% of Americans are overweight or obese.And other countries are facing similar problems.Basically, we all want to know how to fix things.W: We certainly do.I've read your new book and it's fabulous, especially when it comes to the way you make difficult science easy for laymen to understand.That's no small achievement.M: I'm glad to hear you find my work accessible, because I was worried when I wrote it that discussing the science might make the book more suited for a specialist audience.My last book was written primarily for the medical community. But this time, I want to help ordinary people take control of their weight.W: And how do you suggest they do that?Can you give us the basics of your advice for people who want to lose weight?M: Briefly, I argue that every person needs to consider their metabolism and eat what suits their body's needs.I don't advocate one single diet.Some people should eat more carbohydrates than others.And different people need different amounts of protein and fat. W: But you do have some recommendations for everyone, including eating ten servings of vegetables and three of fruit a day. We'll talk about those recommendations next, but now we need to take a short break for a message from our sponsor. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. What does the woman say about the man in her introduction?6. What has motivated the man to write his books?7. Who does the man say his last book was mainly written for?8. What does the man recommend people do?Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneStress is often depicted as negative, but research shows that moderate amounts of it can be beneficial for your brain and your body.First, the benefits for the brain.Studies have shown that short periods of stress can actually bolster cognitive functioning.Researchers discovered that placing rats in a stressful situation for just a few hours doubled the growth of new brain cells.The rats also did better on a memory test later on.Scientists think the same thing happens in humans.But how does stress improve memory?It's simple. When your brain cells multiply, your memory can improve.Viewed from a biological perspective, this makes sense,because animals that are better at remembering dangerous situations can avoid them in the future.If an animal encounters a predator and escapes, for example, it's important to remember where and when that encounter happened.Experts assert that the same principle applies to humans. Now, let's turn to how stress benefits the body.This may come as a surprise to laymen.But experts say that stress can keep you from getting sick. Scientists concede that chronic stress can make you more prone to illness.But research shows that short periods of stress can actually provide some protection against getting sick, because it increases your immune functioning.One study shows that rats that experienced brief stress had a surge of immune cell response, which makes the immune system better prepared to fight illness.For humans, there's even evidence that experiencing stress before getting vaccinated could help make vaccines more effective.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. What did researchers discover about rats placed briefly ina stressful situation?10. Why do people tend to have clear memories of dangerous situations they have encountered?11. What do scientists believe chronic stress can do? Passage TwoFor many managers and people who work in leadership positions, dealing with emails is a dilemma.It's likely the unpredictable, uncontrollable and ongoing nature of day-to-day email in terms of volume, importance and urgency contributes to their levels of anxiety and to diminished leadership skills.That's because it's not unusual for many leaders to prioritize email management over people management.An obsession with managing their inbox prevents them from dealing with their employees.As a result, they ignore the issues that might only be mild problems at first, until unfortunately, they inevitably transform into a major problem or crisis by virtue of neglect. As leaders, they are expected to motivate and inspire their team in pursuit of longer term strategic goals and also, less ambitiously but more practically, to monitor their daily output,to set clear expectations, and to give regular feedback.When presented with a choice between the appeal of their inbox and other more important activities, many sacrifice the latter.Daily email demands have a negative impact on their goal progress.This is because leaders must divert resources from other tasks to check, filter and respond to emails.The solution is cultivating self-control which is like a muscle—it can be strengthened or improved over time through exercise.Some suggestions include making space in your diary for the only periods during which you'll be checking emails, setting a timer for yourself so you don't become distracted by your inbox for too long, turning off email alerts so you're not interrupted by them.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. What does the speaker say is a common problem with managers?13. What may happen when managers ignore minor problems?14. What are leaders expected to do in pursuing their strategic goals?15. How can a manager best avoid being distracted by email?Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Recording OneIn last week's lecture, we talked about the problems caused by poor eating habits, focusing on how medical professionals are trying to solve these problems.Today, we'll continue with the topic, but focus on research from a different field—marketing.Now, what can marketing tell us about improving nutrition? Well, a team of marketing professors has studied the importance of the visual aspect of food and how that influences food choices.Those marketing experts assert that the impact of the appearance of food is greater than we might presume, and mighthold the key to encouraging better eating.So how important is the appearance of food?Research shows that just seeing an appealing photograph of a hamburger in an advertisement, for example, can cause individuals to imagine the taste or smell of that hamburger. This can make them more likely to purchase and consume it.Of course, that's the point of advertisements.So isn't that a good thing?Well, the marketing professors argue that this is actually a problem, because the combination of pleasing aesthetics of and easy access to unhealthy foods, such as hamburgers and pizza, may be contributing to a worldwide health crisis.In fact, statistics show that 39% of all adults in the world weigh too much and another 13% are obese.Now, as we discussed last time, medical professionals have tried to fight the obesity epidemic by focusing on the nutrients found in different foods, emphasizing things like carbohydrate, fat, sugar and calorie content.But they've had limited success.The marketing professors believe that the real solution to obesity is making food look appealing and focusing on the pleasure of both looking at and eating that food.That pleasure can be used as a tool to promote healthy food choices.In fact, the research done by the team showed that associating healthy food with pleasant images, experiences and emotions led to greater interest in purchasing or eating it."This is a better strategy," they claim, then reminding consumers that a certain food is good for them.But are they right?Well, the researchers cited a marketing campaign designed to reverse the sales decline of carrots.The campaign didn't emphasize the carrots' healthy qualities, but embrace their beauty and the pleasure derived from eating them.For example, the ads focused on the bright, beautiful orange color and crisp texture of the carrots.The campaign led to an impressive increase in product sales of more than 10%.The researchers believe that other companies could bolster sales of healthy foods with similar ads, depicting their products as attractive and a source of pleasure.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. What does the speaker say a team of marketing professors has studied?17. How have medical professionals tried to fight obesity?18. What can other companies learn from the example of the carrot promotion campaign?Recording TwoThe household cleaning products industry really began to take off in the 1950s.Prior to that resourceful housewives, who had grown up in a less prosperous era, relied on substances that they used in their kitchens such as vinegar used to clean windows.Today, the household cleaning products industry is worth billions of dollars a year and is dominated by large global companies.In recent years, however, many countries have witnessed a surge in the number of small businesses and companies offering more environment-friendly cleaning products, and they're doing good business, too.One reason for this is that consumers are becoming more aware of environment and sustainability issues.They also want to make their home a safe place, free fromtoxic chemicals.The third reason is people's awareness of a knowledge about technology has never been greater.In the past, people might have been skeptical of a new product claimed to be able to achieve amazing cleaning results, but they now have faith in technology's ability to do what was once thought impossible.There is perhaps no better example of this than a patented cloth sold by one company, which remarkably uses only water rather than traditional cleaning products.The company claims its cloth lifts, traps and removes dirt and bacteria.And considering that people don't see these products in shops, or advertised on TV or in the press, it has been a pretty steep rise.Many of the people behind these companies began testing the viability of their products by selling them at local markets. Then, in many cases, customers are doing the marketing for these products by leaving threads of comments on social media, praising their virtues.There are also TV shows and books dedicated to maintaining home tidiness and cleanliness and the benefits of having a cleanhome.Having a safe and clean home might be one thing people feel they can control in an increasingly out-of-control world.And there are social media celebrities.One woman in Britain has become a social media sensation with more than two million followers for her cleaning tips page. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. What does the speaker say about the cleaning products industry in recent years?20. Why are newly developed cleaning products selling well?21. What are some customers doing to help promote non-traditional cleaning products?Recording ThreeThrowing spare change into a fountain is a time-honored ritual: throw a penny into the water, and your wish might come true.But all that money has to go somewhere.Otherwise, the growing piles of pennies, quarters and euros could clog up the fountain's works.Today, I'm going to talk about where all the coins go.Well, the coins collected can go to all sorts of different places—from fountain maintenance to charity or public service.In New York City, for example, coins collected from fountains in public parks often go towards the fountains' maintenance itself, though entrepreneurs who don't mind getting their hands wet often get to it first.There are over 50 beautiful, decorative display fountains in New York City parks.They are cleaned by the parks' staff every few weeks.But most of the coins have already been removed by entrepreneurial New Yorkers and there is not a significant amount left to be collected.Other cities, though, can pull in a much more serious haul. Take for example, Rome's famous Trevi fountain: for hundreds of years, visitors have thrown coins over their shoulder into the fountain to ensure that they will return.So many tourists toss in coins that Roman officials have the fountain cleaned every night, reportedly getting as much as $4,000 in loose change from around the world each day.Most of the money collected each night goes towards running a supermarket for the needy.And collecting that cash is serious business.Roman officials have been known to be tough on anyone caught skimming coins from the fountain.In one case in 2005, police arrested four fountain cleaners after they were spotted slipping coins into their own pockets after collecting them.Authorities finally caught one notorious thief named Thomas Morgan and banned him from the fountain after he fished out thousands of dollars in change over 34 years using a magnetic stick.For the most part, money collected from privately-owned fountains in the United States also goes to charity.The fountain in New York City's Bryant Park is owned and operated by a not-for-profit corporation, which puts the cash collected by cleaners towards the fountain's own maintenance.Tens of thousands of dollars in coins removed from wishing wells, fountains and ponds in Florida's Walt Disney World are donated each year to support foster children living in the state.Whether or not your wish comes true after tossing a coin into a fountain, you can rest assured knowing that the change is likely going to someone who needs it.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. What problem might be caused by the growing piles of coins in fountains?23. What does the speaker say about the coins collected from New York City's park fountains?24. What do we learn about the money collected from Rome's Trevi Fountain?25. What does the speaker say about Thomas Morgan?That is the end of listening comprehension.。

12月英语六级听力题原文及答案

12月英语六级听力题原文及答案Passage 1Changing technology and markets have stimulated the team approach to management. Inflation, resource scarcity, reduced personnel levels and budget cuts have all underscored the need for better coordination in organizations. Team management provides for this coordination. Team management calls for new skills if personnel potential is to be fully realized. Although a team maybe composed of knowledgeable people, they must learn new ways of relating and working together to solve cross-functional problems.When teams consist of experienced employees from hierarchical organizations, who had been conditioned to traditional organizational culture, cooperation may not occur naturally. It may need to be created.Furthermore, the issue is not just how the team can function more effectively, but how it integrates with the overall organization or society it supposedly serves.A group of individuals is not automatically a team. Therefore, teambuilding may be necessary in order to improve the group’s performance.Casey, an expert in this filed, suggests that the cooperation process within teams, must be organized, promoted and managed. He believes that team cooperation results when members go beyond their individual capabilities, beyond what each is used to being and doing. Together, the team may then produce something new, unique, and superior to that of any one member. For this to happen, he suggests that the multicultural man agers exhibit understandings of their own and others’cultural influences and limitations. They should also cultivate such skills as toleration of ambiguity, persistence and patience, as well as assertiveness.If a team manager exemplifies such qualities, then the team as a whole would be better able to realize their potential and achieve their objectives.问题+答案：16. What should team members do to fully realize their potential?B) Follow closely the fast development of technology.17. What needs to be considered for effective team management?B) What type of personnel the team should be composed of.18. What conclusion can we draw from what Casey says?D) A team manager should develop a certain set skills.Passage 2In early 1994, when Marc Andreessen was just 23 years old, he arrived in Silicon Valley with an idea that would change the world. As a student at the University of Illinois, he and his friends had developed a program called Mosaic, which allowed people to share information on the worldwide web. Before Mosaic, the web had been used mainly by scientists and other technical people, who were happy just to send and receive text. But web Mosaic, Andreessen and his friends, had developed a program, which could send images over the web as well.Mosaic was an overnight success. It was put on the university’s network at the beginning of 1993, and by the end of the year, it had over a million users. Soon after, Andreessen went to seek his fortune in Silicon Valley. Once he got there, he started to have meetings with the man called Jim Clark, who wasone of the valley’s most famous entrepreneurs.In 1994, nobody was making any real money from the Internet, which was still very slow and hard to use. But Andreessen had seen an opportunity that would make him and Clark rich within 2 years. He suggested, they should create a new computer program that would do the same job as Mosaic, but would be much easier to use. Clark listened carefully to Andreessen, whose ideas and enthusiasm impressed him greatly. Eventually, Clark agreed to invest 3 million dollars of his own money in the project and raised an extra 15 million from venture capitalists who are always keen to listen to Clark’s new ideas.问题+答案：19. What do we learn about Mosaic?A) It is a program allowing people to share information on the Web.20. What did Andreessen do upon arriving Silicon Valley?B) He met with an entrepreneur named Jim Clark.21. Why would venture capitalists willing to join in Clark’s investment?B) They had confidence in his new ideas.。

完整版-2022年12月英语六级考试听力真题原文

完整版-2022年12月英语六级考试听力真题原文听力长对话真题原文Conversation1A:How's your dissertation going?I'm proofreading my first draft. And we'll submit it to my professor tomorrow.B:Oh,[Q1]I haven't even started writing mine yet.So I'm really worried dpout finishing by the end of next semester.A:You mean you haven't even begun yours yet?The final draft is due in five months.B:Of course[Q1]I've startedit,but I can't get to the writing yet,as I haven't found enough res migis to use.So I'm still researching the topic.A:Maybe the problem is the way you're doing your research.[Q2]I started by talking to my professor about where to look for information. And based on that,I found books in the library and a lot of reputable journal articles on the internet.B:I've tried all that,but don't have enough to write the dissertation. As my department's minimum length is70pages.I think the problem is that my topic isn't viable.And honestly,[Q3]my professor did warn me at the beginning,that I might not be able to find enough material.But I was so interested in the topicthat I didn't let his advice deter me.A:Well,I suggest you find a new topic.After all,our professors are here to guide us so it's best to listen to them.B:In retrospect,[Q3]IwishIhad listened to him,but I didn't.And now I don't want to give up my topic,as I've already invested so much time and energy.A:If you're committed to your current topic,maybe you could make some adjustments rather than abandoning it completely.What is your topic?B:It's depictions of femininity in folklore from the south of the country.A:That's pretty narrow.You.cgalg Find more material if you made the topic broader maybe by including other kinds of depictions.B:[Q4]Broadening the topic is a great idea.I'l start by including folklore from other regions of the country.Question1What does the woman say about her dissertation?Question2What does the man say about his professor?Question3What does the woman say about her professor?Question4What do we learn the woman will do to complete her dissertition?听力长对话真题原文Conversation2W:Today on Book Talk,we're lucky enough to host John Robbins and discuss his new book,why Americans are fat and how we can lose weight.John isn't just a respected writer,he's also one of the rare celebrity authors writing about science today.(Question5)M:Thanks for having me,Rebecca,but I'm hardly a celebrityW∶That's very modest of you to say，considering that your four books have sold a total of7million copies worldwide.And they've been translated into12different languages.What makes people so fascinated with your work?M:Well,people read my books because more than60%of Americans areoverweight or obese,and other countries are facing similar problems Basically,we all want to know how to fix things.(Question6)W:We certainly do.I read your new book,and it's fabulous, especially when it comes to the way you make diffigult science easy for laymen to understand.That's no small achievement.M:I'm glad to hear you find my work accessible.Because I was worried when I wrote it,that discussing the science might make the book more suited for a specialist audience.My last book was written primarily for the medical community.(Question7)But this time,I want to help ordinary people take control of their weightW:And how do you suggest they do that?Can you give us the basics of your advice for people who want to lose weight?M:Briefly,I argue that every person needs to consider their metabolism,and eat what suits their body's needs.I don't advocate one single diet.(Question8)Some people should eat more carbohydrates than others.And different people need different amounts of protein fat.W:But you do have some recommendations for everyone,including eating10servings of vegetables and three of fruit a day.Welltalk about those recommendations next,but now we need to take a short break for a message from our sponsor.Question5:What does the woman say about the man in her introduction?Question6:What has motivated the man to write his books?。

12月六级听力原文

12月六级听力原文以下是12月六级听力考试的部分听力原文：Section AM: Excuse me, do you know what time the library closes today?W: Yes, it closes at 9 pm.M: Thank you.W: You're welcome.Q: What does the man want to know?Section BW: Hey, Tom. I saw the new Avengers movie last night. It was amazing!M: Really? I haven't seen it yet.W: You should definitely go see it. The special effects are incredible.M: Alright, I'll have to check it out.Q: What is the woman's opinion of the new Avengers movie? Section CM: Hi, I'm calling to see if there are any available apartments for rent.W: Yes, we have a few units available. Can I have your name and phone number, please?M: Sure, my name is Jack Smith and my phone number is 555-1234.W: Great, we'll give you a call if any of the apartments are a good fit for you.Q: What is the purpose of the man's phone call?Section DW: Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me how to get to the nearest post office?M: Sure, it's about 3 blocks that way. Just keep walking straight and you'll see it on your left.W: Thank you very much.M: No problem.Q: What does the woman want to know?。

12月英语六级听力原文及答案

12月英语六级听力原文及答案Passage3Advertising informs consumers about the existence and benefits of products and services, and attempts to persuade them to buy them. The best form of advertising is probably word-of-mouth advertising, which occurs when people tell their friends about the benefits of products or services that they have purchased. Yet virtually no providers of goods or services rely on this alone, but use paid advertising instead.Indeed, many organizations also use institutional or prestige advertising, which is designed to build up their reputation rather than to sell particular products. Although large companies could easily set up their own advertising departments, write their own advertisements, and buy media space themselves, they tend to use the services of large advertising agencies. These are likely to have more resources and more knowledge about all aspects of advertising and advertising media than a single company. It is also easier for a dissatisfied company to give its account to another agency than it would be to fire its own advertising stuff.The client company generally gives the advertising agency an agreed budget; a statement of the objectives of the advertising campaign, known as a brief; and an overall advertising strategy concerning the message to be communicated to the target customers. The agency creates advertisements and develops a media plan specifying which media will be used and in which proportions. Agencies often produce alternative ads or commercials that are pre-tested in newspapers, television stations, etc. in different parts of a country before a final choice is made prior to a national campaign.Q22. What is probably the best form of advertising according to the speaker?Q23. What does the speaker say is the purpose of many organizations using prestige adverting?Q24. How do large companies generally handle their advertising?Q25. What will advertising agencies often do before a national campaign?Passage3参考答案Q22. A. Word-of-mouth advertising.Q23. D. To build up their reputation.Q24. D. By using the services of large advertising agencies.Q25. C. Pre-test alternative ads or commercials in certain regions.。

2022年大学六级真题听力原文答案详解

12月大学英语六级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Way to Success bycommenting on Abraham Lincoln's famous remark,"Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I willspend, the first four sharpening the axe." You shouldwrite at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Way to Success注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on AnswerSheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Forquestions 8-10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.Google's Plan for World's Biggest Online Library: PhilanthropyOr Act of Piracy?In recent years, teams of workers dispatched by Google have been working hard to make digital copies of books. So far, Google has scanned more than 10 million titles from libraries in America and Europe - including half a million volumes held by the Bodleian in Oxford. The exact method it uses is unclear; the company does not allow outsiders to observe the process.Why is Google undertaking such a venture? Why is it even interested in all those out-of-printlibrary books, most of which have been gathering dust on forgotten shelves for decades? Thecompany claims its motives are essentially public-spirited. Its overall mission, after all, is to "organise the world's information", so it would be odd if that information did not include books.The company likes to present itself as having lofty aspirations. "This really isn't about making money. We are doing this for the good of society." As Santiago de la Mora, head of Google Books for Europe, puts it: "By making it possible to search the millions of books that exist today, we hope to expand the frontiers of human knowledge."Dan Clancy, the chief architect of Google Books, does seem genuine in his conviction that thisis primarilya philanthropic (慈善旳) exercise. "Google's core business issearch and find, soobviously what helps improve Google's search engine is good for Google," he says. "But we havenever built a spreadsheet (电子数据表) outlining the financial benefits of this, and I have neverhad to justify the amount I am spending to the company's founders."It is easy, talking to Clancy and his colleagues, to be swept along by their missionary passion. But Google's book-scanning project is proving controversial. Several opponents have recently emerged, ranging from rival tech giants such as Microsoft and Amazon to small bodies representing authors and publishers across the world. In broad terms, these opponents have levelled two sets of criticisms at Google.First, they have questioned whether the primary responsibility for digitally archiving the world's books should be allowed to fall to a commercial company. In a recent essay in the New YorkReview of Books, Robert Darnton, the head of Harvard University's library, argued that because such books are a common resource – the possession of us all – only public,not-for-profit bodiesshould be given the power to control them.The second related criticism is that Google's scanning of books is actually illegal. This allegation has led to Googlebecoming mired in (陷入) a legal battle whose scope and complexity makes the Jarndyce and Jarndyce case in Charles Dickens' Bleak House look straightforward.At its centre, however, is one simple issue: that of copyright. The inconvenient fact about most books, to which Google has arguably paid insufficient attention, is that they are protected by copyright. Copyright laws differ from country to country, but in general protection extends for the duration of an author's life and for a substantial period afterwards, thus allowing the author's heirs to benefit. (In Britain and America, this post-death period is 70 years.) This means, of course, that almost all of the books published in the 20th century are still undercopyright – and the last century saw more books published than in all previous centuries combined. Of the roughly 40 million books in US libraries, for example, an estimated 32 million are in copyright. Of these, some 27 million are out of print.Outside the US, Google has made sure only to scan books that are out of copyright and thus in the "public domain" (works such as the Bodleian's first edition of Middlemarch, which anyone canread for free on Google Books Search).But, within the US, the company has scanned bothin-copyright and out-of-copyright works. Inits defence, Google points out that it displays only small segments of books that are in copyright– arguing that such displays are "fair use". But critics allege that by making electronic copies of these books without first seeking the permission of copyright holders, Google has committed piracy."The key principle of copyright law has always been that works can be copied only once authors have expressly given their permission," says Piers Blofeld, of the Sheil Land literary agency in London. "Google has reversed this – it has simply copied all these works without bothering toask."In , the Authors Guild of America, together with a group of US publishers, launched a class action suit (集团诉讼) against Google that, after more than two years of negotiation, endedwith an announcement last October that Google and the claimants had reached an out-of-courtsettlement. The full details are complicated - the text alone runs to 385pages– and trying tosummarise it is no easy task. "Part of the problem is that it is basically incomprehensible," saysBlofeld, one of the settlement's most vocal British critics.Broadly, the deal provides a mechanism for Google to compensate authors and publishers whose rights it has breached (including giving them a share of any future revenue it generates fromtheir works). In exchange for this, the rights holders agree not to sue Google in future.This settlement hands Google the power - but only with the agreement of individual rights holders – to exploit its database of out-of-print books. It can include them in subscription deals sold to libraries or sell them individually under a consumer licence. It is these commercial provisions that are proving the settlement's most controversial aspect.Critics point out that, by giving Google the right to commercially exploit its database, thesettlement paves the way for a subtle shift in the company's role from provider of information to seller. "Google's business model has always been to provide information for free, and sell advertising on the basis of the traffic this generates," points out James Grimmelmann, associate professor at New York Law School. Now, he says, because of the settlement's provisions, Google could become a significant force in bookselling.Interest in this aspect of the settlement has focused on "orphan" works, where there is noknown copyrightholder – these make up an estimated 5-10% of the books Google has scanned. Under the settlement, when no rights holders come forward and register their interest in a work, commercial control automatically reverts to Google. Google will be able to display up to 20% oforphan works for free, include them in its subscription deals to libraries and sell them to individual buyers under the consumer licence.It is by no means certain that the settlement willbe enacted (执行) – it is the subject of afairness hearing in the US courts. But if it is enacted, Google will in effect be off the hook as far as copyright violations in the US are concerned. Many people are seriously concerned by this - and the company is likely to face challenges in other courts around the world.No one knows the precise use Google will make of the intellectual property it has gained byscanning the world's library books, and the truth, as Gleick, an American science writer and member of the Authors Guild, points out, is that the company probably doesn't even know itself. But what is certain is that, in some way or other, Google's entrance into digital bookselling will have a significant impact on the book world in the years to come.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

202312月六级听力原文

202312月六级听力原文2023年12月六级听力原文Part I: ConversationW: Hey, have you heard about the new restaurant that just opened downtown?M: No, I haven't. What's so special about it?W: Well, it's called "Taste of Asia" and it offers a wide variety of Asian cuisines. They have Chinese, Japanese, Thai, and even Indian dishes.M: That sounds amazing! I love Asian food. Is it expensive?W: Surprisingly, it's quite affordable. The prices are reasonable, and the portions are generous.M: That's great to hear. I'll definitely check it out this weekend.W: You should. I went there last night and the food was delicious. I highly recommend their sushi and curry dishes.M: Thanks for the recommendation. I can't wait to try it.Part II: LectureGood morning, everyone. Today, I'd like to talk about the importance of time management. Time management is a crucial skill that can greatly impact our productivity and success in both personal and professional aspects of life.Firstly, effective time management allows us to prioritize tasks and allocate our time wisely. By setting clear goals and deadlines, we can focus on what needs to be done and avoid wasting time on unimportant activities. This helps us stay organized and ensures that we complete tasks in a timely manner.Secondly, time management helps reduce stress and improve work-life balance. When we manage our time effectively, we can avoid procrastination and last-minute rushes, which often lead to stress and anxiety. By planning our time well, we can create a balance between work, family, and leisure activities, leading to a more fulfilling and satisfying life.Furthermore, time management enhances our efficiency and productivity. When we have a clear plan and schedule, we can eliminate distractions and stay focused on our tasks. This allows us to work more efficiently and accomplish more in less time. By managing our time effectively, we can achieve our goals and reach our full potential.Lastly, time management promotes self-discipline and self-improvement. It requires us to be accountable for our own time and take responsibility for our actions. By practicing good time management habits, such as setting realistic deadlines and avoiding procrastination, we can develop self-discipline and improve our overall productivity and performance.In conclusion, time management is a vital skill that can greatly impact our lives. It allows us to prioritize tasks, reduce stress, enhance efficiency, and promote self-discipline. By managing our time effectively, we can achieve our goals, maintain a healthy work-life balance, and lead a morefulfilling life. So, let's start practicing good time management habits and make the most of our time. Thank you.Part III: DiscussionNow, let's move on to the discussion section. Today's topic is about the impact of social media on society.M: I think social media has had a significant impact on society. It has revolutionized the way we communicate and connect with others.W: I agree. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have made it easier for us to stay connected with friends and family, no matter where they are.M: That's true. It has also provided a platform for people to express their opinions and share their experiences with a wider audience.W: However, social media has its downsides as well. It can be addictive and time-consuming, leading to a decrease in productivity and real-life interactions.M: I think social media has also contributed to the spread of fake news and misinformation. People often believe and share information without verifying its authenticity.W: That's a valid point. Social media has definitely changed the way we consume news and information, and it's important for us to be critical and discerning.M: Overall, I believe social media has both positive and negative impacts on society. It's up to us to use it responsibly and make the most of its benefits while being aware of its drawbacks.W: I couldn't agree more. It's important for us to strike a balance and not let social media consume our lives.M: Absolutely. Let's use social media as a tool for connection and information, rather than letting it control us.W: Well said. Thank you for sharing your thoughts.M: Thank you for the discussion.。

英语六级十二月考试真题第一套听力原文

英语六级十二月考试真题第一套听力原文The following is the original text for the listening section of the first set of the December English 6th Grade exam:Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear ten short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. I didn’t expect the traffic to be so heavy.W: That’s all right. I’ve only been waiting for about ten minutes.Q: What does the woman imply?2. W: Can you tell me where I can find the Smiths?M: Sorry, I don’t know the Smiths yet. I am new to the neighborhood.Q: What does the man mean?3. M: This cake tastes good. Did you make it yourself?W: No, I didn't have time. I bought it at the bakery.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?4. W: Why don’t you speak up in class? Your English is good.M: I am afraid of making mistakes when speaking in public.Q: What does the man mean?5. M: Do you think we’ll be able to finish the report by Friday?W: We should be able to if we work overtime tomorrow.Q: What does the woman imply?6. W: How did the man perform in the meeting?M: He made a presentation on the sales figures and did a good job.Q: What do we learn about the man’s performance?7. W: What are your plans for the weekend?M: I haven’t decided yet. I may go hiking or just relax at home.Q: What does the man imply?8. M: I have to leave for a meeting in 10 minutes. Can you help me with the report before I go?W: Sure, I’ll have it ready for you before you leave.Q: What will the woman do?9. W: How much did you pay for that new jacket? It’s really nice.M: I got it on sale for half price.Q: What does the man imply?10. M: Have you considered changing your major from history to economics?W: I have, but I don’t think I am interested in economics as much as I am in history.Q: What does the woman mean?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers on yourpaper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Passage OneMost people suffering from depression experience a variety of symptoms, including persistent sadness, feelings of hopelessness, difficulty sleeping, overeating and fatigue. The good news is that, in many cases, depression can be effectively treated with medication and counseling.Questions:11. What will the speaker probably touch upon next?A. More symptoms of depression.B. Advantages of treatment.C. Possible causes of depression.D. Different types of counseling.12. Who may decide to the treatment of depression?A. Medical professionals.B. Depressed individuals.C. Doctors’ relatives.D. General public.Passage TwoWhen interacting with others, it’s important to be aware of cultural differences in communication styles. Americans, for example, often value directness and honesty in conversation. However, in some Asian cultures, it is considered more respectful to use indirect language and show deference to others.Questions:13. What will the speaker talk about next?A. Different cultural perspectives.B. Effective ways of communication.C. Common stereotypes of Asians.D. Challenges of cross-cultural communication.14. What does the speaker suggest?A. Being open about one’s feelings.B. Adjusting communication style according to culture.C. Avoiding direct communication.D. Respecting cultural differences.Passage ThreeMany animals exhibit remarkable behaviors that scientists are just beginning to understand. For example, some species are able to communicate with each other using complex vocalizations, while others show signs of altruism towards members of their own species.Questions:15. What will the speaker most likely discuss next?A. Altruistic behavior in animals.B. Communication skills in animals.C. Evolution of animal behaviors.D. Scientists’ discoveries in animal behavior.16. What does the speaker say about animal communication?A. It is limited to simple sounds.B. It varies among different species.C. It is similar to human communication.D. It is difficult to study.This is the original text for the listening section of the first set of the December English 6th Grade exam. Make sure to check your answers and practice your listening skills for the upcoming test. Good luck!。

12月英语六级听力短文原文（文字版）

⽆忧考为⼤家整理了12⽉英语六级听⼒短⽂原⽂(⽂字版),仅供参考!!Part III Listening Comprehension Section B Passage 1 Since I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a customer is more than someone who buy something. To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping card. One of the first things customers forget is how to count. There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clearly marked 15 items or less, with 20, 25 or even a cart load of items. Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place. Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “Oops, I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you don’t mind waiting while I go get it.” Five minutes later, he’s back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels. Strange is that seems customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries. Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, my customers will wait until I announce the total. Then, in surprise, she says, “Oh no, what did I do with my check book?” After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she’s forgotten hers. But I have to be tolerant of customers because they pay my salary, and that’s something I can’t afford to forget. Q26. What does the speaker say about customers’ entering the grocery A scientific team is studying the thinking ability of eleven and half month old children. The test is a simple one. The baby watches a sort of show on a small stage. In Act One of the show, a yellow cube is lifted from a blue box, and moved across the stage. Then it is returned to the box. This is repeated 6 times. Act Two is similar except that the yellow cube is smaller. Baby boys do not react at all to the difference and the size of the cube. But girls immediately become excited. The scientists interpret the girls’ excitement as meaning they are trying to understand what they have just seen. They are wondering why Act Two is odd and how it differs from Act One. In other words, the little girls are reasoning. This experiment certainly does not definitely prove that girls start to reason before boys, but it provides a clue that scientists would like to study more carefully. Already it is known that bones, muscles and nerves develop faster in baby girls. Perhaps it is early nerve development that makes some infant girls show more intelligence than infant boys. Scientists have also found that nature seems to give another boost to girls. Baby girls usually talk at an earlier age than boys do. Scientists think that there is a physical reason for this. They believe that the nerve endings in the left side of the brain develop faster in girls than in boys, and it is this side of the brain that strongly influences an individual’s ability to use language and remember things. Q26. What is the difference between Act One and Act Two in the test? Q27. How do the scientists interpret their observation from the experiment? Q28. What does the speaker say about the experiment? Q29. According to scientists, what is another advantage given to girls by nature? store? Passage 2 A super attendant of the city municipal building, Dillia Adorno, was responsible for presenting its new security plan to the public. City employees, citizens and reporters gathered in the hall to hear her describe the plan. After outlining the main points she would cover, she assured the audience that she would be happy to answer questions at the end of her presentation. Dillia realized the plan was expensive and potentially controversial. So she was not surprised to see a number of hands go up as soon as she finished speaking. An employ asked, “Would the new system create long lines to get into the building like the line in the airport security checks?” Dillia had anticipated this question and had an answer ready. After repeating the question, she explained that the sufficient number of security guards would be working at peak hours to speed things along. The next question was more confrontational.”Where was the money come from to pay for all of this?”The journalists who ask the question seem hostile. But Dillia was careful not to adopt the defensive tone. She stated that the money would come from the city’s general budget. “I know these are tide times”, she added, “But everyone agrees on the importance of safe guarding our employees and members of the public who come into the building.” Near the end of the 25 minutes she has said, Dillia said she would take two more questions. When those were finished, she concluded the session with a brief restatement of how the new system will improve security and peace of mind in the municipal building. Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30. What is the focus of Dillia Adorno’s presentation? 31. What question had Dillia Adorno anticipated? 32. What did the speakers think of the question from the journalist? Passage 3 Despite unemployment and the lost of her home, Andrea Clark considers herself a blessed and happy woman. Why the cheerful attitude? Her troubles have brought her closer to her family. Last year, Andrea’s husband, Rick, a miner in Nevada was laid off. Though Andrea kept her job as a school bus driver, she knew that they couldn’t pay their bill and support their youngest of five children, Zack, age nine, on one income. “At first their church helped out, but you can’t keep that up forever”, Andrea says. Then Michal, their eldest of her four adult children suggested they move in with his family. For almost three months, seven Clarks lived under one roof. Andrea, Rick and Zack stayed in the basement department, sharing laundry and single bathroom with Michal, his wife and their two children. The change cut their expenditures in half, but the new living arrangement proved too challenging. When Andrea found a job with a school district closer to her mother’s home in west Jorden, Utah, the family decided to move on. Packing up again with no picnic, Zack had to switch schools for the second time and space is even tighter. Andrea says that the moves themselves are exhausting and Rick is still looking for a job. The recession has certainly come with more problems than Andrea anticipated, but she remains unfailingly optimistic. She is excited to spend more time with her mother. Another plus, rents are lower in Utah than in Nevada. So Andrea thinks they’ll be able to save up and move out in less than 6 months. QUESTIONS 33-35 ARE BASED ON THE PASSAGE YOU HAVE JUST HEARD. Q33 What do we learn about Andrea’s husband? Q34 Why did Andrea move to live in her eldest son’s home? Q35 What is Andrea’s attitude toward the hardships brought by the economic recession?。

2022年六级听力原文及答案

11. A The man failed to keep his promise.12. C The woman should spend more time outdoors.13. D It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt.14. B Most readers do not share his viewpoints.15. A Leave Daisy alone for the time being.16. A Batteries.17. D The man can get the ticket at its original price.18. A The speakers will dress formally for the concert.19. D He is undecided as to which job to go for.20. C They are all adults.21. B Varied and interesting.22. C Hosting a television show.23. A He lost his mother.24. B He got seriously into acting.25. B He has long been a legendary figure.26. C It crashed when it was circling to land.27. A He was kidnapped eight months ago.28. A The management and union representatives reached an agreement.29. B rainy30. C Very few of them knew much about geology.31. B By noting where the most severe earthquake in U.S. history occurred.32. C Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.33. D It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.34. D It has supporters from many countries in the world.35. D It has had greater impact than in any other country.36. intelligent37. foundations38. romantic39. reflects40. profound41. dramatically42. deprived43. hindered44. research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death.45. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others.46. loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses.――――――――――聽力原文―――――――――Section AShort Conversation11. M: Oh, I’m so sorry I forgot to bring along the book you borrowed from the library.W: What a terrible memory you have! Anyway, I won’t need it until Friday night. As long as I can get it by then, OK?Q: What do we learn from this conversation?12. W: Doctor, I haven’t been able to get enough sleep lately, and I’m too tired to concentrate in class.M: Well, you know, spending too much time indoors with all that artificial lighting can do that to you. Your body loses track of whether it’s day or night. Q: What does the man imply?13. M: I think I’ll get one of those new T-shirts, you know, with the school’s logo on both the front and back.W: You’ll regret it. They are expensive, and I’ve heard the printing fades easily when you wash them.Q: What does the woman mean?14. W: I think your article in the school newspaper is right on target, and your viewpoints have certainly convinced me.M: Thanks, but in view of the general responses, you and I are definitely in the minority.Q: What does the man mean?15. M: Daisy was furious yesterday because I lost her notebook. Should I go see her and apologize to her again?W: W ell, if I were you, I’d let her cool off a few days before I approach her. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?16. M: Would you please tell me where I can get batteries for this brand of camera?W: Let me have a look. Oh, yes, go down this aisle, pass the garden tools, you’ll find them on the shelf next to the light bulbs.Q: What is the man looking for?17. M: Our basketball team is playing in the finals but I don’t have a ticket. I guess I’ll just watch it on TV. Do you want to come over?W: Actual ly I have a ticket. But I’m not feeling well. You can have it for what it cost me.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. M: Honey, I’ll be going straight to the theatre from work this evening. Could you bring my suit and tie along?W: Sure, it’s t he first performance of the State Symphony Orchestra in our city, so suit and tie is a must.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Long ConversationsConversation 1M: I got two letters this morning with job offers, one from the Polytechnic, and the other from the Language School in Pistoia, Italy.W: So you are not sure which to go for?M: That’s it. Of course, the conditions of work are very different: The Polytechnic is offering two-year contract which could be renewed, but the language school is on ly offering a year’s contract, and that’s a different minus. It could be renewed, but you never know.W: I see. So it’s much less secure. But you don’t need to think too much about steady jobs when you are only 23.M: That’s true.W: What about the salaries?M: Well, the Pistoia job pays much better in the short term. I’ll be getting theequivalent of about ￡22,000 a year there, but only ￡20,000 at the Polytechnic. But then the hours are different. At the Polytechnic I’d have to do 35 hours a week, 20 teaching and 15 administration, whereas the Pistoia school is only asking for 30 hours teaching.W: Mmm…M: Then the type of teaching is so different. The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for exams like the Cambridge certificates. The Language School wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, but also quite a lot of work in companies and factories, and a couple of children’s classes. Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.W: Well, that sounds much more varied and interesting. And I’d imagine you would be doing quire a lot of teaching outside the school, and moving around quite a bit.M: Yes, whereas with the Polytechnic position, I’d be stuck in the school all day.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard:Q19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q20. What do we learn about the students at the Polytechnic?Q21. What does the woman think of the job at the Language School? Conversation 2W: Good evening and welcome to tonight's edition of Legendary Lives. Our subject this evening is James Dean, actor and hero for the young people of his time. Edward Murray is the author of a new biography of Dean. Good evening, Edward.M: Hello Tina.W: Edward, tell us what you know about Dean's early life.M: He was born in Indiana in 1931, but his parents moved to California when he was five. He wasn't there long though because his mother passed away just four years later. Jimmy's father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt.W: So how did he get into acting?M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school, then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting. In 1951 he moved to New York to do more stage acting.W: Then when did his movie career really start?M: 1955. His first starring role was in East of Eden. It was fabulous. Dean became a huge success. But the movie that really made him famous was his second one, Rebel Without a Cause, that was about teenagers who felt like they didn't fit into society.W: So how many more movies did he make?M: Just one more, then he died in that car crash in California in 1955.W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies! So what made him the legend he still is today?M: Well I guess his looks, his acting ability, his short life, and maybe the type of character he played in his movies. Many young people saw him as a symbol of American youths.Q22 What is the woman doing?Q23 Why did James Dean move back to Indiana when he was young?Q24 What does the man say James Dean did at college in California?Q25 What do we know about James Dean from the conversation?Section BPassage 1The time is 9 o’clock and this is Marian Snow with the news.The German authorities are sending investigators to discover the cause of the plane crash late yesterday on the island of Tenerife. The plane, a Boeing 737, taking German holiday makers to the island crashed into a hillside as it circled while preparing to land. The plane was carrying 180 passengers. It’s thought there are no survivors. Rescue workers were at the scene.The British industrialist James Louis, held by kidnappers in Central Africa for the past 8 months, was released unharmed yesterday. The kidnappers had been demanding 1 million pounds for the release of Mr. Louis. The London Bank and their agents who had been negotiating with the kidnappers havenot said whether any amount of money has been paid.The 500 UK motors workers who had been on strike in High Town for the past 3 three weeks went back to work this morning. This follows successful talks between management and union representatives, which resulted in a new agreement on working hours and conditions. A spokesman for the management said that they’d hope they could now get back to produci ng cars, and that they lost lot of money and orders over this dispute.And finally the weather. After a cold start, most of the country should be warm and sunny. But towards late afternoon, rain will spread from Scotlandto cover most parts by midnight.Questions 26 – 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 What does the news say about the Boeing 737 plane?27 What happened to British industrialist James Louis?28 How did the 3-week strike in High Town end?29 What kind of weather will be expected by midnight in most parts of the country?Passage 2Juan Louis, a junior geology major, decided to give an informative speech about how earthquakes occur. From his audience and analysis he learned that only 2 or 3 of his classmates knew much of anything about geology. Juan realized then that he must present his speech at an elementary level and with a minimum of scientific language. As he prepared the speech, Juan kept asking himself, “How can I make this clear and meaningful to someone who knows nothing about earthquakes or geological principles?” Since he was speaking in the Midwest, he decided to begin by noting that the most severe earthquake in American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in 1811. If such an earthquake happened today, it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean and would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley. That, he figured, should get his classmates’ attention. Throughout the body of the speech, Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of the earthquakes and carefully avoid technical terms. He also prepared visual aids, diagramming photo line, so his classmates wouldn’t get confused. To be absolutely safe, Juan asked his roommate, who was not a geology major, to listen to the speech. “Stop me,”he said, “any time I say something you don’t understand.” Juan’s roommate stopped him four times. And at each spot, Juan worked out a way to make his point more clearly. Finally, he had a speech that was interesting and perfectly understandable to his audience.Questions 30 – 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q30 What did Juan Louis learn from the analysis of his audience?Q31 How did Juan Louis start his speech?Q32 What did Juan ask his roommate to do when he was making his trial speech?Passage 3Esperanto is an artificial language, designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means of communication among speakers of different languages. It was created by Ludwig Lazar Zamenhof, a Polish Jewish doctor specialized in eye diseases. Esperanto was first presented in 1887. An international movement was launched to promote its use. Despite arguments and disagreements, the movement has continued to flourish and has members in more than 80 countries. Esperanto is used internationally across language boundaries by at least 1 million people, particularly in specialized fields. It is used in personal context, on radio broadcasts and in a number of publications as well as in translations of both modern works and classics. Its popularity has spread form Europe, both east and west, to such countries as Brazil and Japan. It is, however, in China that Esperanto has had its greatest impact. It is taught in universities and used in many translations, often in scientific or technological works. EL POPOLA CHINIO, which means from people’s China, it’s a month ly magazine in Esperanto and it i s read worldwide. Radio Beijing’sEsperanto program is the most popular program in Esperanto in the world. Esperanto’s vocabulary is drawn primarily from Latin, the Roman’s languages, English and German. Spelling is completely regular. A simple and consistent set of endings indicates grammatical functions of words. Thus, for example, every noun ends in “o”, every adjective in “a”, and basic form of every verb in “i”. Esperanto also has a highly producti ve system of constructing new words from old ones.Questions 33 – 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q33 What does the speaker tell us about Esperanto?Q34 What is said about the international movement to promote the use of Esperanto?Q35 What does the speaker say about Esperanto in China?Section CGeorge Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are. "You're intelligent." "You're so strong." We first see ourselves through the eyes of others, so their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts. Later we interact with teachers, friends, romantic partners, and coworkers who communicate their views of us. Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evident in children who are deprived of human contact. Case studies of children who were isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language.Communications with others not only affects our sense of identity but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others.The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses.36. intelligent37. foundations38. romantic39. reflects40. profound41. dramatically42. deprived43. hindered44. research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death.45. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others.46. loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses.。

文都：12月英语六级听力真题原文

⽂都：12⽉英语六级听⼒真题原⽂（SecB 第⼆篇）It's always fun to write about research that you can actually try out for yourself.Try this: Take a photo and upload it to Facebook, then after a day or so, note what the URL link to the picture is and then delete it. Come back a month later and see if the link works. Chances are: It will.Facebook isn't alone here. Researchers at Cambridge University have found that nearly half of the social networking sites don't immediately delete pictures when a user requests they be removed. In general, photo-centric websites like Flickr were found to be better at quickly removing deleted photos upon request.Why do "deleted" photos stick around so long? The problem relates to the way data is stored on large websites: While your personal computer only keeps one copy of a file, large-scale services like Facebook rely on what are called content delivery networks to manage data and distribution. It's a complex system wherein data is copied to multiple intermediate devices, usually to speed up access to files when millions of people are trying to access the service at the same time. But because changes aren't reflected across the content delivery networks immediately, ghost copies of files tend to linger for days or weeks.In the case of Facebook, the company says data may hang around until the URL in question is reused, which is usually "aftera short period of time", though obviously that time can vary considerably.30 What does the speaker ask us to try out?31 What accounts for the failure of some websites to remove photos immediately?32 When will the unwanted data eventually disappear from Facebook according to the company?（SecB 第三篇）Enjoying an iced coffee? Better skip dinner or hit the gym afterwards, with a cancer charity warning that some iced coffees contain as many calories as a hot dinner.The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) conducted a survey of iced coffees sold by some popular chains in Britain including Starbucks, Caffe Nero and Costa Coffee to gauge the calories as studies increasingly link obesity with cancer.The worst offender - a coffee from Starbucks -- had 561 calories. Other iced coffees contained more than 450 calories and the majority had an excess of 200.Health experts advise that the average woman should consume about 2,000 calories a day and a man about 2,500 calories to maintain a healthy weight. Dieters aim for 1,000 to 1,500 calories a day."The fact that there is an iced coffee on the market with over a quarter of a woman's daily calories allowance is alarming," Dr Rachel Thompson, science programme manager at London-based WCRF, said in a widely-reported statement."This is the amount of calories you might expect to have in an evening meal, not in a drink."The WCRF has estimated that 19,000 cancers a year in Britain could be prevented if people lost their excess weight with growing evidence that excess body fat increases the risk of various cancers."If you are having these types of coffee regularly then they will increase the chances of you becoming overweight, which in turn increases your risk of developing cancer, as well as other diseases such as heart disease." she added.33. What warning did some health experts give?34. What does the author suggest people do after they have an iced coffee?35. What could British people expect if they maintain a normal body weight according to the WCRF?（SecC）Psychologists are finding that hope plays a surprisingly vital role in giving people a measurable advantage in rounds as diverse as academic achievement, bearing up in tough jobs, and coping with tragic illness. And, by contrast, the loss of hope, is turning out to be a stronger sign that a person may commit suicide than other factors long thought to be more likely risks.‘Hope has proven a powerful predictor of outcome in every study we've done so far,’ said Doctor Charles R. Snyder, a psychologist, who has devised a scale to assess how much hope a person has. For example, in research with 3920 college students, Doctor Snyder and his colleagues found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first semester was a more accurate predictor of their college grades, than were their SAT scores or their grade point averages in high school, the two measures most commonly used to predict college performance. ‘Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them,’ Doctor Snyder said. ‘When you compare students of equivalent intelligence and past academic achievements, what sets them apart is hope.’ In devising a way to assess hope scientifically, Doctor Snyder went beyond the simple notion that hope is merely the sense that everything will turn out all right. ‘That notion is not concrete enough and it blurs two key components of hope,’ Doctor Snyder said, ‘Having hope means believing you have both the will and the way to accomplish your goals, whatever they may be.’以上就是为了本次考试整理的12⽉英语六级听⼒真题原⽂，预祝考⽣顺利通过考试！。

22年12月英语四级考试真题一听力原文

22年12月英语四级考试真题一听力原文In the listening section of the December 2022 English CET-4 exam, candidates were required to listen to a passage and answer questions based on the information provided. The passage focused on the topic of environmental pollution and its impact on human health. The speaker discussed various types of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, and noise pollution, and highlighted the adverse effects they can have on individuals and communities.The passage began by discussing air pollution, which is caused by the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere. The speaker mentioned that air pollution can lead to respiratory problems, such as asthma and bronchitis, and can also increase the risk of heart disease and lung cancer. The speaker emphasized the importance of reducing air pollution by using cleaner energy sources and implementing stricter emission standards for vehicles and factories.Moving on to water pollution, the speaker explained that it occurs when harmful substances contaminate water sources, making it unsafe for consumption. The speaker mentioned that water pollution can lead to various health issues, including gastrointestinal problems and skin diseases. To address this issue, the speaker suggested the need for better waste management practices and stricter regulations on industrial waste disposal.The passage then discussed noise pollution, which refers to excessive noise that can cause stress, sleep disturbances, and hearing loss. The speaker highlighted the negative impact of noise pollution on mental health and overall well-being. To mitigate this problem, the speaker recommended the enforcement of noise control measures in residential areas and public spaces.In addition to the health effects, the speaker also touched upon the economic consequences of environmental pollution. The speaker mentioned that pollution can lead to decreased productivity, increased healthcare costs, and damage to ecosystems.Therefore, it is essential to take immediate action to reduce pollution and protect the environment.Overall, the listening passage highlighted the detrimental effects of environmental pollution on human health and the need for effective measures to combat it. It emphasized the importance of reducing air pollution, water pollution, and noise pollution through various strategies, such as using cleaner energy sources, implementing stricter regulations, and promoting sustainable waste management practices. The passage also emphasized the economic consequences of pollution and the need for collective efforts to protect the environment for future generations.In conclusion, the listening passage in the December 2022 English CET-4 exam provided valuable insights into the topic of environmental pollution and its impact on human health. It underscored the urgency of addressing this issue and called for immediate action to reduce pollution and protect the environment. By understanding the adverse effects of pollution and implementing effective measures, we can strive towards a healthier and more sustainable future.。

2022年12月六级听力

2022年12月六级听力2022年12月六级听力Section AIn this section, you will hear a conversation between two students discussing their plans for the upcoming winter vacation. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions that follow.Student A: Hi, John. Have you made any plans for the winter vacation yet?Student B: Hi, Alice. Yeah, I've been thinking about it. I'm actually considering traveling to a tropical destination.Student A: Oh, that sounds nice. Where are you thinking of going?Student B: I'm thinking of going to Bali, Indonesia. I've heard it's a great place with beautiful beaches and amazing cultural experiences.Student A: That sounds like a great choice. How long are you planning to stay?Student B: I'm thinking of staying for about two weeks. I want to have enough time to explore the island and relax on the beaches.Student A: That sounds like a perfect getaway. Have you looked into the flights and accommodations yet?Student B: Not yet, but I will soon. I want to make sure I find the best deals.Student A: That's a good idea. Make sure to do some research before booking anything. And don't forget to check if you need any vaccinations before traveling.Student B: Thanks for reminding me. I'll make sure to do that. What about you, Alice? Do you have any plans for the vacation?Student A: Well, I haven't decided yet. I'm thinking of spending some time with my family at home. Maybe organize a small gathering and catch up with everyone.Student B: That sounds nice too. Sometimes, it's good to just relax and spend time with loved ones.Student A: Definitely. Plus, it will give me a chance to recharge and prepare for the next semester.Now listen to the questions and choose the best answer.1. What does John plan to do during the winter vacation?2. Where is John thinking of going?3. How long does John plan to stay in Bali?4. What does Alice plan to do during the vacation?5. How does Alice feel about spending time with her family?Section BIn this section, you will hear a lecture about sustainable living. Listen carefully and answer the questions that follow.Lecturer: Good morning, everyone. Today, I would like to talk to you about the importance of sustainable living and how each of us can contribute to a greener future.Firstly, let's discuss the concept of sustainable living. It refers to a lifestyle that aims to reduce our ecological footprint on the earth. This means using resources more efficiently and reducing waste. One way to achieve this is by adopting energy-efficient habits, such as using LED light bulbs and turning off appliances when not in use.Secondly, we need to focus on waste reduction. Recycling plays a major role in sustainable living. It helps conserve natural resources and reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills. We should all make an effort to separate our recyclables from regular trash and encourage others to do the same.Furthermore, sustainable living involves consuming responsibly. This means choosing products that are eco-friendly and have a minimal impact on the environment. We should prioritize buying products made from sustainable materials, such as bamboo or recycled plastics, and support companies that have sustainable practices.Lastly, sustainable living also includes promoting green transportation. The emissions from cars contribute to air pollution and climate change. Therefore, we should consider alternative modes of transportation, such as cycling or using public transport whenever possible. This not only reduces our carbon footprint but also improves our health.In conclusion, sustainable living is crucial for the wellbeing of our planet. Each of us can make a difference by adopting simple habits and choices that contribute to a greener future.Now listen to the questions and choose the best answer.6. What is the lecture mainly about?7. What does sustainable living aim to do?8. How can individuals reduce their ecological footprint?9. What role does recycling play in sustainable living?10. How can individuals contribute to green transportation?。