中国民俗文化英语词汇荟萃

中国民俗文化英语词汇荟萃1．常见传统节日及其活动春节Spring Festival拜年pay a New Year visit鞭炮，爆竹firecracker除夕Eve of Chinese New Year春联Spring couplets辞旧迎新ring out the old year and ring in the new饺子Jiaozi, boiled dumpling锅贴pot sticker庙会temple fair鸣钟辞旧岁ring out the old year年画(traditional) New Year pictures年夜饭the Eve Feast; family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year’s Eve年终大扫除year-end household cleaning守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve团圆饭family reunion dinner压岁钱New Year gift-money; money given to children as a New Year gift舞龙dragon dance元宵节Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month)元宵sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯festival lantern灯谜lantern riddle狮子舞lion dance踩高跷stilt walking清明节Pure Brightness Festival/Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th)扫墓sweep tomb sites of loved ones祭祖offer sacrifices to the ancestors踏青go for an outing in spring端午节dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month)赛龙舟dragon boat race粽子zongzi (pyramid-shaped dumpling made by glutinous rice wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves)亡灵Departed soul忠臣loyal minister诗人屈原Quyuan the poet中秋节Moon Festival/Mid- Autumn Day (15th of eighth lhunar month) 月饼mooncake赏月appreciate the glorious full moon团圆reunion桂花sweet osmanthus重阳节Double Ninth Day/the Aged Day赏菊admire the beauty of chrysanthemum登高climb mountain中药TCM (traditional Chinese medicine)秦始皇帝First Emperor, Emperor Chin2.传统节日词汇春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival端午节Dragon Boat Festival儿童节Children’s Day妇女节Women’s Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day五四青年节Youth Day国庆节National Day中秋节Mia-Autumn Festival荔枝节the Litchi Festival西瓜节the Water Melon Festival风筝节the Kate Festival教师节the Teachers’ Day建军节the Army Day七夕节Chinese Valentine’s Day重阳节Double Ninth Day/the Aged Day3.民俗词汇赋诗inscribe a poem对对联matching an antithetical couplet轿子sedans风车pinwheel杂技acrobatics魔术magic拨浪鼓shaking drum竹苗bamboo flute皮影shadow puppet糖人sugar-molded四合院courtyard homes踩高跷stilt walk武术martial arts人力车rickshaw宫灯palace lantern猜拳finger-guessing game说书monologue story-telling老字号time-honored相声cross talk拜年pay a new year call爆竹firecracker鞭炮 a string of small fire crackers大扫除year-end household灯谜lantern riddles庙会temple fair年画new year’ s picture挂年画to hang o ut new year’s picture年夜饭family reunion dinner on lunar new year守岁to stay awake all night年糕glutinous cake for new year大年初一the first day of the first lunar month八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding对联poetic couplets贴春联to put up antithetical couplets糊窗花to put up window paper-cuts压岁钱money given to children as a lunar new year gift4. 中国古代四大发明火药gunpowder指南针compass造纸术paper-making techniques印刷术paper-printing techniques5. 京剧相关词汇地方戏：local opera戏剧脸谱theatrical mask生male characters旦female characters净painted face characters末middle-aged male characters丑clown6. 中国特有的事务民间传说folklores寓言fable传说legend神话mythology玉皇大帝God of Heaven八仙the Eight Immortals嫦娥Chang’e, the Chinese moon goddess伏羲F u Xi, God of Fishery and Husbandry福禄寿三星god of fortune, god of prosperity, and god of longevity 财神god of fortune灶神god of the kitchen公神Gonggong, God of Water后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns)黄帝Yellow Emperor夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant )女娲Nuwa: a goddess who patches up the sky盘古Pan Gu, creator of the universe神农Patron of Agriculture禹Yu, the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty祝融Zhurong, God of Fire阳历solar calendar公历Gregorian calendar阴历lunar calendar天干heavenly stem地支earthly branch闰年leap year二十四节气the twenty-four solar terms十二生肖zodiac鼠rat牛ox虎tiger兔hare龙dragon蛇snake马horse羊sheep猴monkey鸡rooster狗dog猪pig猴年year of monkey本命年one’s year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches 武术martial arts气功Qigong打擂台to fight a challenge fight in an arena听评书to listen to historical or traditional stories下象棋to play Chinese chess练习书法to make special studies of calligraphy画国画to do traditional Chinese painting题诗to inscribe a poem求对to match an antithetical couplet7.画类壁画mural国画Chinese traditional painting水墨画ink and wash painting绢画silk painting木刻画wood engraving版画engraving贝雕画shell carving painting年画new year picture8.陶器类陶器pottery ware玉器jade article瓷器china ware青瓷celadon青铜器bronze ware景泰蓝cloisonné enamel漆器lacquer ware彩陶painted pottery唐三彩trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty9.雕刻类冰雕ice carving玉雕jade carving石雕stone carving骨雕bones carving贝雕shell carving木雕wood carving根雕tree root carving瓷器雕porcelain carving象牙雕ivory carving10.塑像类彩塑painted sculpture画塑dough figurine泥人儿clay figure11.扇类绢扇silk fan檀香扇sandal wood fan折扇folding fan12.宝石类珍珠pearl玛瑙agate珊瑚coral翡翠green jade琥珀玉jade13.工艺类刺绣embroidery双面秀two-sided embroidery挂毯tapestry蜡染batik藤条制品wickerwork真丝pure silk烟嘴cigarette holder鼻烟壶snuff bottle图章seal盆景potted landscape屏风screen14.其他解放the Liberation in 1949建国the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949改革开放to carry out reforms and adopt open policies基层at grass-root level干部cadre文革the Cultural Revolution上山下乡to settle down in the mountainous areas and in the countryside国民党the Kuomintang四世同堂的大家庭an extended family with four generations living under the same roof独生子女家庭family with only one child大龄未婚青年elder unmarried youth离退休人员retired people贫困地区poverty-stricken area贫困户poverty-stricken family承包to adopt the responsibility system致富to become well-off铁饭碗iron rice bowl/a secure job吃大锅饭to eat from the same large caldron。