8个国际标准音标及发音规则

48个国际音标表

元音

长元音/ɑ://?://??://i://U:/

短元音/?? // e / / ? / /Λ/ / ? / /? / / ? /

双元音/e?//a?//??/

/??//e?//??/

/??//a?/

辅音10对

清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [?] [?] [ts] [tr] [t? ]

浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [e] [?] [dz] [dr] [d? ]

3个鼻音 [m] [n] [?]

3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l]

2个半元音 [w] [j]

有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。

关于语音的几个概念:

音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.

音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.

元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.

辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.

开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e ,这时元音发字母本身的音。如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine

2)辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello

闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head

2)元音+辅音如: it is of in on up out ant

1 元音:

1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie

three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling

2) [i]发音字母 i y e

sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious

3) [æ] 发音字母 a

bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man

4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a

head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any

5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger

learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world

6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u

teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author delicious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen Saturday

7)[Λ] 发音字母 u o ou oo

8)up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above

9)trouble rough blood flood

10)[u:] 字母组合 oo o u

11)food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude

12)[ʊ] 字母组合 oo ou u o

13)look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf

14)

15)

16) 10） [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar

17)small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter

11) [ɒ] 发音字母 o a

hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not

want wash watch

12） [a:] 字母组合 ar a

car farm card arm garden

fast class last glass plant aunt calm

13) [ai] 发音字母 i y

bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye

14) [au] 字母组合 ou ow

house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse