英文科技论文特点及常用句式

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英文科技论文的写作格式与特点

The paper is divided into five major sections as follows…
3、正文的写法
正文是一篇论文的主体部分。作者在正文中根据内容的需要采用各种行文展开论述，或论证某一命题、观点、定理、假设，或描述某一实验方法、过程、结果，或说明某种事物的特点、功能、规律等。
一般来说，一篇较短的论文，摘要不超过全文的3%可能是比较恰当的。
1.4 写摘要的注意事项
1、规范 2、精练 3、具体 4、完整 5、全面
（1）规范
摘要虽然通常摆在正文前面，但往往是在最后写作。
写摘要应使用正规英语、标准术语，避免使用缩写字。
最好用第三人称，避免把各种时态混在一起使用，也避免把陈述式和命令式混合使用。
1、英文科技文摘的写法
科技摘要（Science Abstract）也叫科技文摘。
一般分为两类：摘要（ Abstract ）概要（Summary）
摘要
概要
一般很短，少则三五行，多长一些，一般为一长段，有则十几行，且多为一段；时为数段；
向读者介绍论文或报告的研向读者介绍论文或报告的内究主题、论点及其主要方面，容。但不涉及具体内容。
（3）具体
摘要的每个论点都要具体鲜明。一般不笼统地讲论文“与什么有关”，而直接讲论文“说明什么”。
（4）完整
摘要本身要完整。有些读者是利用摘要杂志或索引卡片进行研究工作的，很可能得不到全篇论文，因此要注意不要引用论文某节或某张插图来代替说明。
（5）全面
不要过于简单地只把论文标题加以扩展，使读者无法得到全文梗概，了解论文的创新性点。
（3）标题中不要使用缩略语、化学分子式、专利商标名称、行话、罕见的或过时的术语。

英语科技论文常用句式结构

Another typical example is …
Ⅸ 状态的转换或变化
change
transfer
convert … (变化前) to into … (变化后)
transform
translate
The silicon controlled rectifier is able to change
英语科技论文常用句型结构
1) 表达不同功能的常用句型 Ⅰ 定义
means… signifies… is considered to be… is taken to be …
The term superconductor
refers to…
In this article
In this paper
will be taken to mean … will be used in the … network
treated in this standard.
Although both the planer and the shaper are adapted
to the machining of flat surfaces, they differ widely in construction and in method of operation.
Iron unlike rubber, is a good conductor of electric
current.
C. 相当于
One turn of the hand-wheel is equivalent to 2 mm
stroke.
For finishing electrodes, the foil thickness

英文论文写作中常用的10种句式

英文论文写作中常用的10种句式1、否定句许多否定句不含not的否定结构。

如果论文作者能正确使用他们，就会增加写作的闪光点，使显得生动活泼。

,childrenshouldbetaughthowtobenefitfromusefulin formationontheinternet.应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。

我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。

erstandingofsocieties.大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱，而是为了更好地了解社会。

’ssalarydoesnotdependsomuchonhiseducationalbackgroun dasonhisabilityandcontributiontothesociety.一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社会的贡献。

2、非限制性定语从句如果需要对前述的整个句子内容进行解释或说明，就可以用到非限制性定语从句。

,practicalcoursescanbeusedtothereality,whichiso fvitalimportancetotheirdevelopmentinthefuture.毫无疑问，实用性课程可以用于实际中，这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。

,whichissometimesdangerousandharmful.孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻，这在有时是危险和有害的。

hmoreopportunitiestodeveloptheirinterpersonalskills ,whichmayputtheminafavorablepositioninthefuturejobm arkets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

3、让步句让步句是写论文最常用的句式之一，作者务必掌握以下4种用法，可以使英文句子起伏跌宕，富于变化。

英文科技论文写作常用句式

英文科技论文写作常用句式Abstract:1、Introduction (Motivation/ purpose/goal/aim/objective/importance) (present tense)1）The aim of this paper is to assess the accuracy of steady-state scale-up for small-scale sedimentary structures.2） An important objective of these well-constrained experiments is to evaluate current theoretical models of PGE solubility.2、Scope/perspective (past/present tense)1）This study examined fecal coliform reduction in domestic wastewater after receiving treatment through a constructed open water wetland, a slow sand filter, and a portable ultraviolet disinfection unit.2） The scope of this study was to compare the behavior and character of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during soil-aquifer treatment at different field sites in Arizona and California.3、method/procedure/approach (past tense)1）In this study, a lab-scale aerobic biofilter-biotrickling tower system packed with particulate plastic media (1.5 cm, hexagon in shape) was used to treat the salty artificial wastewater polluted by mineral oil (diesel fuel) mixed with chemical dispersant (CPC OD-10) and inorganic nutrients. 2）It involved recycling a small portion of the primary sludge and then activating it to enhance its biosorptive and flocculent properties through 30-min aeration. The aerated sludge was then brought into contact with raw sewage to induce rapid biosorption of soluble COD and flocculation of colloidal organic before the mixture was settled in a regular primary clarifier.4、Results/findings/products (past tense)e.g. Three granitoid magmatic events were identified at 815 Ma, 700-730Ma, and 620-625Ma, which were marked by emplacement of the calc-alkaline Ujjukka granite and granodiorite, the anatectic Suqii-Wagga two-mica granite and the Guttin K-feldspar megacrystic granite, and the anorogenic Ganjii monzogranite, respectively.5、Discussion/Conclusions (present/past tense)e.g. The results showed that under traction free conditions subsidence was athree-dimensional problem and one-dimensional subsidence models tended to focus excessive amounts of vertical deformation near the pumped well. The magnitude of vertical deformation in one-dimensional subsidence models was exacerbated as the grid size became smaller in the vicinity of the pumping well. This was due to increased calculated drawdown in the vicinity of the well for more finely-spaced grids.6、Implications/applications (present tense)e.g. Our experimental results are directly applicable to porphyry coppersystems because in such systems temperature, PH, salinity and oxygen英文科技论文写作常用句式fugacity are similar to the experimental parameters. Application of our experimental results indicate that a typical porphyry systems can transport at least 40 tons of Pd if sources of platinum group elements (PGE) are available and the solubility-controlling phase is metallic Pd.7、limitations and suggestions for further studies (past/present tense for limitations, present/future tense for suggestions)e.g. 1) This study suggests that in order to achieve the highest treatmentlevel of secondary unchlorinated wastewater, a combination of aquaticponds and subsurface flow wetlands may be necessary.2) In general, source water quality, drinking water and wastewatertreatment should be viewed as one system in indirect potable re-use projects.3) However, because constructed wetlands, besides the water qualityimprovement function, perform a multitude of other functions such asbiodiversity, habitat, climatic, hydrological and public use functions, methodologies need to be developed to evaluate these functions and toweigh them in relation to the water quality issue.Structure of an Abstract：1、The first sentence in the Abstract:♦The purpose of this research is…♦The primary goal of this research is…♦The intention of this paper is to survey…♦The overall objective of thi s study is…♦The chief aim of the present work is to investigate…♦The purpose of this paper is to explain why…♦The primary object of this fundamental research is to reveal…♦The main objective of our investigation has been to obtain…♦The experiment made here is aimed at …♦The emphasis of this study lies in…♦The problem we have outlined here deals largely with the study of…♦This study examined…. (past tense)2、The next sentences：♦The method used in the study was…♦The technique applied is referred to as…♦The procedure was as follows…♦The approach adopted extensively is called…♦The experiment consisted of three steps:…♦Included in the experiment were…♦The test equipment which was used consisted of…♦Several sets of experiments were carried out to test the validity of…♦This formula is verified by…3、The ending part of an abstract：♦The results of the experiment indicated that …♦The studies showed that…♦The studies we carried out demonstrated that…♦The research suggested that…♦The investigation carried out by… revealed that…♦All the preliminary results threw light on …♦As a result of our experiments, we concluded that…♦From the experiments, we realized that…♦This fruitful work provided explanation to …♦The research work brought about a discovery of…♦These findings of the research led the author to the conclusion that…4、The last sentences:♦…should be further studied in relation to ...♦…should do…♦Further research into…is necessary.♦Further study should be made in relation to…♦Further investigation into…is needed.Introduction：Step 1: the nature and scope of the problem investigated. interest or importance, many other investigators active in the area.♦Recently, there has been a spate of interest in how to…♦In recent years, applied researchers have become increasingly in terested in…♦Recently, there has been wide interest in…♦The well-known…phenomena…have been favorite topics for analysis both in…♦Knowledge of …has a great importance for…♦The study of …has become an important aspect of…♦The effect of …has been studied exte nsively in recent years.♦Many investigators have recently turned to…♦The relationship between …has been studied by many authors.♦ A central issue in…is the validity of…Step 2: making a topic generalization.statements about knowledge or practice:♦The pathology of… is well known.♦There is now much evidence to support the hypothesis that…♦The …properties of …are still not completely understood.♦ A standard procedure for assessing has been…♦Education core courses are often criticized for…phenomena:♦…is a common finding in patients with…♦An elaborate system of…is found in the …♦English is rich in related words exhibiting “stress shifts”.♦There are many situations where examination scripts are marked and then re-marked by another examiner.Step3:Discuss the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating.Examples of integral citation forms（直接引用方式）:♦Halliday (2008) showed that the moon is …..♦Halliday’s theory (2008) claim s that …...♦Halliday’s (2008) theory of lunar composition has general support.♦According to Halliday (2008), the moon is…...Examples of indirect citation forms（间接引用方式）:♦Previous research has shown that the moon is …..(Brie, 1988).♦It has been shown that the moon is made of cheese (Brie, 1988).♦It has been established that the moon is made of cheese (Brie, 1988).♦The moon is probably made of cheese (Brie, 1988).♦The moon may be made of cheese (cf. Rock, 1989).Step4:Indicate a gap.♦No research has been don e on …♦Little effort has been spent on the study of…♦(Very) few researchers have investigated…♦The nature of…is overlooked.♦Researchers have failed to notice that…♦The result is misleading/questionable/inconclusive/limited.♦The result of…has several limita tions.♦The research can rarely cover…Step5: State the purpose♦The purpose of this study was to....♦We investigated three possible mechanisms to explain the ...(1) …….(2) …….♦This paper reports on the results obtained…♦The aim of the present paper is to give…♦The main purpose of the experiment reported here was to…♦This study was designed to evaluate…♦This paper aims to report the interaction of…Step6: rationale and approachFor example: State briefly how you approached the problem (e.g., you studied oxidative respiration pathways in isolated mitochondria of cauliflower). This will usually follow your statement of purpose in the last paragraph of the Introduction.Step7: the arrangement of the writing at the end of the Introduction.●This paper is divid ed into five major sections: Section one opens with….Section two presents…Section three deals with… Section Four reveals…Section five concludes the paper.●We have organized the rest of this paper in the following way…●This paper is structured as follow s…●The remainder of this paper is divided into five sections. Section IIdescribes…Materials and Methods1.… (method) was used to do….2.The study used/made use of/employed the method that….3.描述方法过程的连接词：and/and then/then/next/the next step/before that/after that.Conclusion or Discussion：•Based on the above discussion, the following conclusion can be made that …•From .., it can be concluded that…•In conclusion, the result shows that…•These findings of the research led to the conclusion that..•To sum up, t he research/this study reveals that…•In summary, the result of the experiment demonstrates that…•As a result of our experiments we concluded that…The results：•The data of the experiment are briefly summarized as follows.•Figure 4 shows the results of the study.•Table 6 presents the data obtained in the experiment.•This table summarizes the data collected in this study.•The findings of this study are summarized/listed in Table 7.•The outcome of the experiment is reported in the following table.ABSTRACTProcessing AIT logging information can get more accurate layer real resistivity and mud invasion depth and section. AIT results help to differentiate layer infiltration ability and fluid type, the calculation of mud invasion depth can instruct the level of oil reservoir to be polluted by well drilling directly and offer reference basis for the following work. The development of AIT offers new method to differentiate oil reservoir mud invade and thin layer and means and condition for establishing the explainable method of complex oil reservoir and raising the appraisement precision. This paper studied AIT principle and explainable method as well as contrast aspect with conventional induction resistivity. This paper presents some application examples of Huabei oilfield logging series optimization technology.Subject Terms：AIT logging contrast the method based of radial resistive rateInvasion thin layer apply1. 油集团从油田勘探开发的瓶颈问题入手，研究出一套较高勘探程度富油气凹陷的精细勘探方法，提出并实践了适合该区地质特点的勘探开发一体化地质研究与管理模式。

英文科技论文写作常用句式

在这篇文章中，我们说明（介绍）了一种……方法In this work ,we address the problem of+doing sthIn this paper , we propose the ...在这一章节，我们介绍……In this section , we present ...We demonstrate out algorithm on two tasks :A被认为是B A can be regarded as B为了这个目的，我们提出了ATo this end ,we propose A.在样本的……和……上都很有效make effective use of both ...and ...among samples.当应用到……中的时候When applied to...通过将……和……结合起来，……By combining ...and ... , ....A是B中的一个基本问题之一A is one of the fundamental problems in B目的在于…… Its goal is to do ...We aim at doing...Our target is ...Our basic notion is to do...为了达到……的目的To achieve ...To achieve this ,因为……，做什么是困难的As .... , it is very difficult to do .... As..., ir is usually hard to ...Due to ...e.g.:As the variance of object shape and color within an object class can be large,it is very difficult to obtain class-specific features that can describe the object class accurately.就这点而言，…… In this regard, ...一方面来说，……，另一方面来说，……On the one hand , ... , on the other hand , ...1这极大的降低了……的难度This greatly reduces the difficulty of ...这个算法可以应用于……These algorithm may be applicable to ...……是不太可能的It is unlikely to do...……（偏向于）将……认为是...is prone to judge ... as ...... view .... as ...……可以解决……问题... is the solution to ...跟……相比较，…… Compared to ...这篇文章接下来的内容安排如下The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: (introduces, details, extends ... to address ... , presents the results , concludes our paper)前面已经提到，…… As mentioned before,...换句话来说，…… On the other hand , ...自然而然地，……It is natural , ...e.g. It is natural that this threshold be chosen as the mean of pi.图示... is outlined in Fig. 2.Fig. 4 shows ...通过……方法，可以得到……By doing sth ,we have sth.e.g. By iteration over all selected images and matching visual words to all detected object parts using NGC, we have a table of the spatial ralation between pairs of visual words .由于……极大地依赖于……，有必要……As ... heavily relies on ... , it is necessary to do ...2这就说明了…… This testifies to the ...本文的主旨在于…… The core is ...英语学术论文常用经典句型Beginning1. In this paper, we focus on the need for2. This paper proceeds as follow.3. The structure of the paper is as follows.4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on theIntroduction1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined.2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections.3. In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered.Review1. This review is followed by an introduction.2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2.3. In the next section, a brief review of the .... is given.4. In the next section, a short review of ... is given with special regard to ...5. Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx.36. Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods.Body1. Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its importance.2. Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision making logic.3. Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx4. Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.5. Section 2 explains how flexibility which often ... can be expressed in terms of fuzzy time window6. Section 3 discusses the aspects of fuzzy set theory that are used in the ...7. Section 3 describes the system itself in a general way, including the ….. and also discusses how to evaluate system performance.8. Section 3 describes a new measure of xx.9. Section 3 demonstrates the use of fuzzy possibility theory in the analysis of xx.10. Section 3 is a fine description of fuzzy formulation of human decision.11. Section 3, is developed to the modeling and processing of fuzzy decision rules12. The main idea of the FLC is described in Section 3 while Section 4 describes the xx strategies.13. Section 3 and 4 show experimental studies for verifying the proposed model.14. Section 4 discusses a previous fuzzy set based approach to cost variance investigation.15. Section 4 gives a specific example of xxx.16. Section 4 is the experimental study to make a fuzzy model of memory process.417. Section 4 contains a discussion of the implication of the results of Section 2 and 3.18. Section 4 applies this fuzzy measure to the analysis of xx and illustrate its use on experimental data.19. Section 5 presents the primary results of the paper: a fuzzy set model ..20. Section 5 contains some conclusions plus some ideas for further work.21. Section 6 illustrates the model with an example.22. Various ways of justification and the reasons for their choice are discussed very briefly in Section 2.23. In Section 2 are presented the block diagram expression of a whole model of human DM system24. In Section 2 we shall list a collection of basic assumptions which a ... scheme must satisfy.25. In Section 2 of this paper, we present representation and uniqueness theorems for the fundamental measurement of fuzziness when the domain of discourse is order dense.26. In Section 3, we describe the preliminary results of an empirical study currently in progress to verify the measurement model and to construct membership functions.27. In Section 5 is analyzed the inference process through the two kinds of inference experiments...This Section1. In this section, the characteristics and environment under which MRP is designed are described.2. We will provide in this section basic terminologies and notations which are necessary for the understanding of subsequent results.Next Section2. The next section describes the mathematics that goes into the computer implementation of5such fuzzy logic statements.3. However, it is cumbersome for this purpose and in practical applications the formulae were rearranged and simplified as discussed in the next section.4. The three components will be described in the next two section, and an example of xx analysis of a computer information system will then illustrate their use.5. We can interpret the results of Experiments I and II as in the following sections.6. The next section summarizes the method in a from that is useful for arguments based on xxSummary1. This paper concludes with a discussion of future research consideration in section 5.2. Section 5 summarizes the results of this investigation.3. Section 5 gives the conclusions and future directions of research.4. Section 7 provides a summary and a discussion of some extensions of the paper.5. Finally, conclusions and future work are summarized6. The basic questions posed above are then discussed and conclusions are drawn.7. Section 7 is the conclusion of the paper.Chapter 0. Abstract1. A basic problem in the design of xx is presented by the choice of a xx rate for the measurement of experimental variables.2. This paper examines a new measure of xx in xx based on fuzzy mathematics which overcomes the difficulties found in other xx measures.3. This paper describes a system for the analysis of the xx.4. The method involves the construction of xx from fuzzy relations.5. The procedure is useful in analyzing how groups reach a decision.66. The technique used is to employ a newly developed and versatile xx algorithm.7. The usefulness of xx is also considered.8. A brief methodology used in xx is discussed.9. The analysis is useful in xx and xx problem.10. A model is developed for a xx analysis using fuzzy matrices.11. Algorithms to combine these estimates and produce a xx are presented and justified.12. The use of the method is discussed and an example is given.13. Results of an experimental applications of this xx analysis procedure are given to illustrate the proposed technique.14. This paper analyses problems in15. This paper outlines the functions carried out by ...16. This paper includes an illustration of the ...17. This paper provides an overview and information useful for approaching18. Emphasis is placed on the construction of a criterion function by which the xx in achieving a hierarchical system of objectives are evaluated.19. The main emphasis is placed on the problem of xx20. Our proposed model is verified through experimental study.21. The experimental results reveal interesting examples of fuzzy phases of: xx, xx22. The compatibility of a project in terms of cost, and xx are likewise represented by linguistic variables.23. A didactic example is included to illustrate the computational procedureChapter 1. IntroductionTime1. Over the course of the past 30 years, .. has emerged form intuitive72. Technological revolutions have recently hit the industrial world3. The advent of ... systems for has had a significant impact on the4. The development of ... is explored5. During the past decade, the theory of fuzzy sets has developed in a variety of directions6.The concept of xx was investigated quite intensively in recent years7. There has been a turning point in ... methodology in accordance with the advent of ...8. A major concern in ... today is to continue to improve...9. A xx is a latecomer in the part representation arena.10. At the time of this writing, there is still no standard way of xx11. Although a lot of effort is being spent on improving these weaknesses, the efficient and effective methodhas yet to be developed.12. The pioneer work can be traced to xx [1965].13. To date, none of the methods developed is perfect and all are far from ready to be used in commercial systems.Objective / Goal / Purpose1. The purpose of the inference engine can be outlined as follows:2. The ultimate goal of the xx system is to allow the non experts to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of manual handling of loads, and to provide intelligent, computer aided instruction for xxx.3. The paper concerns the development of a xx4. The scope of this research lies in5. The main theme of the paper is the application of rule based decision making.6. These objectives are to be met with such thoroughness and confidence as to permit ...87. The objectives of the ... operations study are as follows:8. The primary purpose/consideration/objective of9. The ultimate goal of this concept is to provide10. The main objective of such a ... system is to11. The aim of this paper is to provide methods to construct such probability distribution.12. In order to achieve these objectives, an xx must meet the following requirements:13. In order to take advantage of their similarity14. more research is still required before final goal of ... can be completed15. In this trial, the objective is to generate...16. for the sake of concentrating on ... research issues17. A major goal of this report is to extend the utilization of a recently developed procedure for the xx.18. For an illustrative purpose, four well known OR problems are studied in presence of fuzzy data: xx.19. A major thrust of the paper is to discuss approaches and strategies forstructuring ..methods20. This illustration points out the need to specify21. The ultimate goal is both descriptive and prescriptive.22. Chapter 2. Literature Review23. A wealth of information is to be found in the statistics literature, for example, regarding xx24. A considerable amount of research has been done .. during the last decade25. A great number of studies report on the treatment of uncertainties associated with xx.26. There is considerable amount of literature on planning927. However, these studies do not provide much attention to uncertainty in xx.28. Since then, the subject has been extensively explored and it is still under investigation as well inmethodological aspects as in concrete applications.29. Many research studies have been carried out on this topic.30. Problem of xx draws recently more and more attention of system analysis.31. Attempts to resolve this dilemma have resulted in the development of32. Many complex processes unfortunately, do not yield to this design procedure and have, therefore, not yet been automated.33. Most of the methods developed so far are deterministic and /or probabilistic in nature.34. The central issue in all these studies is to35. The problem of xx has been studied by other investigators, however, these studies have been based upon classical statistical approaches.36. Applied ... techniques to37. Characterized the ... system as38. Developed an algorithm to39. Developed a system called ... which40. Uses an iterative algorithm to deduce41. Emphasized the need to42. Identifies six key issues surrounding high technology43. A comprehensive study of the... has been undertaken44. Much work has been reported recently in these filed45. Proposed/Presented/State that/Described/Illustrated/Indicated/Has shown / showed/Address/Highlights1046. Point out that the problem of47. A study on ...was done / developed by []48. Previous work, such as [] and [], deal only with49. The approach taken by [] is50. The system developed by [] consists51. A paper relevant to this research was published by []52. []'s model requires consideration of...53. []' model draws attention to evolution in human development54. []'s model focuses on...55. Little research has been conducted in applying ... to56. The published information that is relevant to this research...57. This study further shows that58. Their work is based on the principle of59. More history of ... can be found in xx et al. [1979].60. Studies have been completed to established61. The ...studies indicated that62. Though application of xx in the filed of xx has proliferated in recent years, effort in analyzing xx, especially xx, is lacking.Problem / Issue / Question63. Unfortunately, real-world engineering problems such as manufacturing planning do not fit well with this narrowly defined model. They tend to span broad activities and require consideration of multiple aspects.64. Remedy / solve / alleviate these problems67. ... is a difficult problem, yet to be adequately resolvedThe well-known…phenomena…have been favorite topics for analysis both in…Knowledge of …has a great importance for…The study of …has become an important aspect of…The effect of …has been studied extensively in recent years.Many investigators have recently turned to…The relationship between …has been studied by many authors.A central issue in…is the validity of…Step 2: making a topic generalization.statements about knowledge or practice:The pathology of… is well known.There is now much evidence to support the hypothesis that…The …properties of …are still not completely understood.A standard procedure for assessing has been…Education core courses are often criticized for…phenomena:…is a common finding in patients with…An elaborate system of…is found in the …English is rich in related words exhibiting “stress shifts”.There are many situations where examination scripts are marked and then re-marked by another examiner.Step3:Discuss the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating.Examples of integral citation forms （直接引用方式）:Halliday (2008) showed that the moon is …..Halliday’s theory (2008) claimsthat …...Halliday’s (2008) theory of lunar composition has general support.According to Halliday (2008), the moon is…...Examples of indirect citation forms （间接引用方式）:Previous research has shown that the moon is …..(Brie, 1988).It has been shown that the moon is made of cheese (Brie, 1988).It has been established that the moon is made of cheese (Brie, 1988).The moon is probably made of cheese (Brie, 1988).The moon may be made of cheese (cf. Rock, 1989).Step4:Indicate a gap.No research has been done on …Little effort has been spent on the study of…(Very) few researchers have investigated…The nature of…is overlooked.Researchers have failed to notice that…The result ismisleading/questionable/inconclusive/limite d.The result of…has several limitations.The research can rarely cover…Step5: State the purposeThe purpose of this study was to.... We investigated three possibleappraisement precision. This paper studied AIT principle and explainable method as well as contrast aspect with conventional induction resistivity. This paper presents some application examples of Huabei oilfield logging series optimization technology.Subject Terms：AIT logging contrast the method based of radial resistive rate Invasion thin layer apply1. 油集团从油田勘探开发的瓶颈问题入手，研究出一套较高勘探程度富油气凹陷的精细勘探方法，提出并实践了适合该区地质特点的勘探开发一体化地质研究与管理模式。

科技论文的常用句型与写作要点

科技论文的常用句型与写作要点科技论文是学术交流和研究成果发布的重要形式之一，对于科学研究人员而言，掌握科技论文的常用句型和写作要点是提高论文质量和影响力的关键。

本文将介绍一些常用的科技论文句型，并分享一些写作要点，帮助科研人员写出更加精彩和专业的科技论文。

一、常用句型1.表达引言和目的：–In recent years, there has been growing interest in…–The purpose of this study is to…–This paper aims to…–The intention of this research is to…这些句型常用于引出研究的背景和目的，为读者提供对研究主题的整体认识。

2.阐述问题：–One of the key research questions is…–The main problem addressed in this study is…– A major challenge in this field is…这些句型用于明确和阐述研究中需要解决的问题和挑战，引起读者的兴趣。

3.描述方法和实验过程：–The research was conducted using a quantitative/qualitative approach.–The experimental setup consisted of…–Data collection was performed through…在描述研究方法和实验过程时，可以使用这些句型来说明研究使用的方法和实验设计的细节。

4.呈现结果和数据分析：–The results of the study indicate…–The data analysis revealed that…–From the findings, it can be concluded that…通过使用这些句型，可以简明扼要地呈现研究的结果和对数据的分析。

英文科技写作句型和词汇表达总结

以前的研究：过去时，自己研究中做过的事：过去时，其他都用：现在时态。

研究发现的可能解释理由用助动词：can, may, might, it seems that, could,研究结果的评论不确定语气：appear, seem, it is likely that,二.词汇和常用表达结构1.图表所示、发现、揭示等as illustrated(seen, shown, observed) in Fig.1, as is evident fromfrom Fig.2, from the results,by observing Fig.2, based on the above analysis,Fig shows that, the results show,It is (can be) revealed (proved, suggested, observed, found, concluded, noticed, seen, believed) that, it is clear to see/observe that, it indicates(shows, imply) that, find out，it is evident that , it is assumed that ,As described below, as seen from, as explained above, as evident from, exhibitit follows that 由此断定…，由此得出结论…point outcast doubt on：对产生疑心2.得到、获得、obtain, get, attain, capture, acquire, achieve, gain,完成，实现: complete, accomplish, realize,通过什么方式去做，利用/使用through/via/by/with doing sth, using sth,by use of, by means of, make use of, with the aid ofuse, employ, utilize, adopt, put to use, put into use, apply,影响Affect, influence, impact on, have an effect on,发生，开始，occur, take place, happen, commence, begin, start, to start with, to begin with, at the beginning,显然、明显，Obviously, distinctly, clearly, significantly, apparently, remarkable, as seen, conspicuous,striking, dramatically解释，说明，考虑Explain, account for, allow for，take account for/of, be indicative of (说明，说明)Considering, take into account, with/without/in consideration of, regarding, concerning,描述、提出、说明：Illustrate, manifest, present, show, indicate, cite, describe, summarize, depict, annotate, appear, take on, plot, demonstrate, propose, put forward, put forth,比拟大小、多少Less than, greater, more, larger, comparable(可比拟的，相当的)经验的Empirical, experimental,做，执行等，Carry out, conduct, perform, do, implement,Have a good agreement, in good agreement with, match very well with, agree well with, show good agreement, in full agreement with, in line withcorresponding to/with, consistent with, in good accordance with, coincide with, concord with, fit well with研究，调查Study, investigate, explore, exploratory examine, make an investigation on/of/into, carry out a research到达，To reach this objectiveReach, approach, up to, add up to, come to, arrive, beyond, out of reach,验证，假设Validate, verify, justify，hypothesizeAssume, suppose, assumption, hypothesis,assume to be, it is assumed that… postulate 公设增加、上升、减少、下降Increase, decrease, reduce, reduce to, increase by(增加了多少), increase up to(增加到), rise to, give rise to, sth arise, increase with (随…增长/增加)完全地，根本地，详细地，具体地，深入的,类似地，Completely, entirely, adequately, mostly, extremely, truly, indeed, really, actually, mainly, primarily, detailed, in detail, in great detail, in more detail, for more details,Deeper, deeply, better, in depth,similarly, inadequately, notably, overly(过度地、极度地),Experimentally,改善、提高：improve, promote, boost, enhance, facilitate,相关，包括，大约大概：concerned with, relate to, with regard to,Be involved in/with, with respect to, be concerned with, as for,Around, about, approximately,决定：determine, decide, depend on ,rely on目的、试图：an attempt to, aim at, in an attempt to, the objective is, in order to, the aim of is tothe aim of this research is to do the purpose is , be aimed at,经历，保持: hold, keep, undergo, experience, remain, retain,导致：cause, induce, lead to, result in, originate from, arise from,根据，基于：according to, in terms of, in the light of, judge by, on the basis of, in view of, based on,On behalf of, in the form of, referring to, with reference to, in reference to除了：other than, apart from, with the exception of, except for/that, besides, in addition, additionally,理论上，事实上：in principle, in practice, in fact, in reality, in theory, theoretically,从某种程度上：To some extent, to a large/certain extent, in a way, in a sense, to some degree, in some sense,from the viewpoints of , from the perspective of,得出结论：draw a conclusion, come to/reach a conclusion,推断,猜想：Infer，derive from, deduce, speculate,认为，当作Consider as, regard as, refer to as,建立模型establish, create，build，run/do the simulationin the case of : 在…情况下遵循趋势：obey, follow trend, tendency，组成consist of , contain, be composed of, include,强调：highlight, emphasize, lay emphasis on , the emphasis is layed on集中：focus on, concentrate on , be centered on设定为to set to be区分、区分：discern，differentiate，identify as,其他专业词汇表达small batch production, small quantity production, high volume production, mass production,metal-formed product, micro-formed part,reproducibility: 再现性、重复性experimental determination,in particular, especially,评估，评价：evaluate, assess,扮作：act as,别离，隔绝，separate from, isolate, set apart from缺少：in the absence ofby convention：按照传统，惯例，使成为：make sth sthno longer〔不再〕but rather(相反的)be typical of (典型的)成反比：inversely scale with涉及，牵涉到：involve, cover,拓展：extend into最近，新近more recently，到目前为止，迄今to date,解释、提示原因或结果的转接词：attribute to, because, as a result of, therefore, thereby, in general, consequently, as predicted, in conclusion, since, as for, finally, hence, thus, as, for, due to, in summary, because of, when, cause, on account of, result in, owing to, contribute to, thanks to, lead to, the reason is, that is because, devoted to, accordingly, as a consequence of, arise from起逻辑演进作用的转接词：递进关系，不但…而且…等Furthermore, in addition, besides, first, second, third, finally, lastly, moreover, incidentally, in fact, in truth, as a matter of fact, for example, such as, next, then, for instance, take an instance of , likewise/as such(同样), again〔此外〕, at root, as well as, as follows, in the following, below, based on, above, above-mentioned, aforementioned, as with(正如，与一样，就来说)，as noted(正如前面所提到的)，additionally, in parallel,as stated( 如上所述)meanwhile：同时比照词，表示逻辑演进方向即将改变如但是等But, however, instead, nevertheless, despite, surprisingly, in spite of, nonetheless, in/by contrast to/with , for comparison, whereas, while, even though, although, compared with, regardless of, as compared to, with regard to, in relation to, by contrast, irrespective of, in comparison to与联系，联合：in association with同时，同样的，at the same time, in the same way, in the same time对应关系A vs.B versus三.英文研究论文中的表达句子substitute equation (1) into equation (2)把代入等式The scale in Fig (a) runs from black for low values to white for the highest Schmid factors.offers more insight into,holds for all three materials，四.英文科技论文中的语言技巧，不可不看a)如何指出当前研究的缺乏以及有目的地引导出自己的研究的重要性通常在表达了前人成果之后，用However来引导缺乏，比方However, little information..little attention...little work...little datalittle researchor few studiesfew investigations...few researchers...few attempts...or nonone of these studieshas (have) been lessdone on ...focused onattempted toconductedinvestigatedstudied(with respect to)Previous research (studies, records) has (have)failed to considerignoredmisinterpretedneglected tooverestimated, underestimatedmisleadedthus, these previous results areinconclusive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable, controversial.. Uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist ...这种引导一般提出一种新方法，或者一种新方向。

科技论文写作常用句型

科技论文写作常用句型1.摘要（1）文章内容与作者观点•常用词：deal with ,describe ,explain ,illustrate(vt) ,introduce ,present ,report等。

•例句：The basic concepts and data collected are presented.给出了基本概念和所采集的数据。

（2）文章研究课题：•常用词: analyze(vt),consider ,develop ,discuss ,investigate(调查研究) ,state ,study等。

•例句:The relationship between mass(质量) and energy in nature is discussed briefly.简要地讨论自然界中质量与能量的关系。

（3）文章涉及范围•常用词：consist of ,contain ,cover ,include 等。

•例句：This article consists of four parts : introduction，theory ,experimental method ,and conclusion.本文由引言、理论、实践方法与结论四部分组成。

（4）综述某一个领域的研究课题。

•常用词：abstract ,outline ,review ,summarize 等。

•例句: The theory based on materials science is summarized briefly.简单概述了基于材料科学的理论。

（5）文章重点：•常用句型： Attention i s concentrated on …T here is a focus on …A ttention is paid to …T he emphasis is on …•例句：Attention is concentrated on grasping the quantum theory.重点在掌握量子理论上。

科技论文中常用的句式

一、提出观点：主观角度：1) we confirm（确认、证实）that ：表示不是本文最新提出的2) we believe that：自信的观点不是本文最新提出的一般不用以上两种3) results + indicate thatInfer thatSuggest thatImply that4) we + put forwordDiscoverObserve千万不要加for the first time5）表示不太肯定，倾向于we tentatively（暂时地；试验性地）put forward thatThe results may be due toThis is probably a consequence ofIt seems that *** can account for （对…负有责任；对…做出解释；说明……的原因）thisIt is possible that it stems from（起源于，比较地道）其中possible不建议使用以上：文中全用1）没创新；全用5）不确定；全用2）则会被拒二、逻辑性连接词：however，提出其他观点：also，in addition表结果：consequently，递进：afterwards（后来）, moreover, further/furthermore转折：although、in contrast、similarly、alternatively因此：therefore除此之外：despite时间顺序：如：AA advocated it for the first time, then BB furthermore demonstrate that…., afterwords, CC …..More recent studies by DD….AA提出，BB提出：AA put forward that …. In contrast, BB believe that ….unlike AA/on the contrary.AA put forward that … similarly, BB believe that …alternativelyalso句子间用：firstly,…secondly….三、其他1. 第一次缩写，必须要写说明：如CSP for short…，或者we present a new mobility model, called Selfsimilar Least-Action Walk (SLAW),不要全盘否定前人成果（即使认为不对），不要说their results are wrong或者very questionable 或has no commonsense可以说their studies may be more reasonable if they had….Considered this situation….their results could better convinced that …their conclusion may remain some uncertains…2. 不是综述不写future work提别人的错误，用在讨论中比较提自己的不足：1) it should be noted that this study has research/focus on only…2)Some limitation of this study are …We have pointed that ..上述两种说法指出文章的片面性提出不足后，要能转回来，否则不提：1)the results do not imply…2)the results can not be used to determine …3)unfortunately, we can not determine this from this data4)our results are lack of …转回来：Not withstanding its limitation, this study does suggest….(解决不了)Not withstanding：虽然However，these problems can be solved if….3. 参考文献尽量新，写审稿人、权威作者的文献尽量不写et al. 两个作者一定都要写，写页数，加上自己的论文。

英语科技论文写作的常用句式

本文来源于网络仅供参考阅读
英语科技论文写作的常用句式
导读：导语：英文科技论文写作是进行国际学术交流必需
的技能。

那么它的写作句式都有哪些？以下是小编为大家搜集的文章，欢迎大家阅读与借鉴！
研究现状模块的常用句式研究现状模块，主要阐述其他学者、也包括作者本人与论文要探讨的问题或现象相关的研究工作，通常先“总”后“分”地陈述。

研究现状这部分的目的是引出存在的问题。

“总述”常用一个句子概括相关的研究工作，一般用现在完成时：
(1)用主动语态时，常用researcher／author／investigator／writer等作主语，如：Many／Several／A number of／Few researchers have studied／investigated／examined／explored
／reported on／discussed／considered+研究主题．
(2)用被动语态时，常用study／research／investigation／experiment／work／attention等作主语。

如果描述“研究主题”的单词少，那么“研究主题”可置于句中，如：Many studies／researches ／investigationes／experimentes on+研究主题+have been performed／done／published．当描述“研究主题”的单词较多时，可置于句末，如：Mucebody for the analysis of+论文将要研究的
主题．
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英文科技论文的写作格式与特点

一般来说，一篇较短的论文，摘要不超过全文的3%可能是比较恰当的。
1.4 写摘要的注意事项
1、规范 2、精练 3、具体 4、完整 5、全面
（1）规范
摘要虽然通常摆在正文前面，但往往是在最后写作。
写摘要应使用正规英语、标准术语，避免使用缩写字。
最好用第三人称，避免把各种时态混在一起使用，也避免把陈述式和命令式混合使用。
（2）精练
文章摘要要精练，不宜列举例证，不宜与其他研究工作对比。用词必须确切，文句简明扼要：且忌言之无物，衍文赘语连篇。要去掉无关紧要的段落、句子、词组及单词，力求做到字斟句酌，言简意赅，惜墨如金，文章精练，以节省书写、打印、阅读的精力和时间。
精简英语摘要，要注意如下几个方面：
A、不用开场白
各国最有影响的材料、物理和电子科学等杂志对文摘写作有写共同要求。归纳起来有三条：
（1）要说明实验或论证中新观察的事实、结论。如有可能，还要说明新的理论、处理、仪器、技术等的要点。
（2）要说明新材料名称，新数据，包括物理常数等。如不能说明，也要提到这些。提到新的项目和新的观察是很重要的，哪怕它们对本论文的主旨来说仅仅是附带而已。
早年习惯用的开场白为： This is a report on… In this paper the author presents… The purpose of this article is to … 这类套话，应简写成： The paper/author suggests /presents …
D、少用主语形式
有些作者不主张多用，认为多用存在下列问题： • 占去句首醒目的强调位置，平添一个that主语从句，
使重要概念和事实不能及早人目，先睹为快。 • 主句用平淡无力的存在动词be，而有表现力的行为动

科技英语写作中的常用句式

⑥ Experiments on…are made to answer the question whether…
二、“限定范围”的句式
限定主题范围的句式用语，在英文科学论文中常出现在“引言”和“讨论”中。
限定主题范围时的常用表达有：“该问题是关于……的研究”，“该问题在……范围之内（外）”，“该问题涉及到……范围”， “该问题可进一步推广到……范围”等等。
aspects of the following…
（3）该项工作的主要目的是…
① The chief aim of the present work is to investigate the features of …
② The main purpose of our recent work was to examine the properties of…
③ The major object of their further work will be research into the nature of…
④ Our work in this direction has been intended to provide some information about…
reveal…
（5）该项实验主要是为了
① We made these experiments in order to show a correlation between…
② The author attempted the set of experiment with a view to demonstrate certain phenomena…
掌握分类句式用语有利于比较地道、规范的英语表达。

英文科技论文特点及常用句式

1、研究目的的表示方法The purpose of this investigation was to ...It was the purpose of the studies reported here to ...The main focus of this study was ...The objective of the present work is to ...The aim of the present study was to ...The present study was aimed at ...The present study was designed to ...The present study is an attempt to ...It was the intent of this study to determine if ...We have embarked on research attempting to ...This study was undertaken with the intent of ...The present investigation was conducted to ...This study was undertaken to ...To gain a better understanding of ...The investigation concentrated on efforts to ...The present study was performed in an effort to ...2、研究动机的表示方法Since the early literature contained a few reports of ...Because of the potential importance of ..., we have investigaed ...Because of the economic potential of ..., we decided to study ...Current work in this laboratory ..., stimulated interest in determining some of ... Prompted by ..., we initiated an examination of ...In view of ..., this study was conducted to examine ...The finding of ..., led us to reinvestigate ...A recent report ..., encouraged us to ...Little attention/effort has been given to ...... are poorly understood ...... have been poorly characterized ...The question have been raised as to whether or not ...... the question arose...3、研究内容的表示方法This article examines ...This research assessed ...This study documents ...The present work has shown ...This report describes ...The paper presents ...Work presented here introduces ...Our forthcoming studies will establish ...In this report, we report ...Here we describe ...In this report we examine ...In this reprot we describe ...... this is the first report of ...This is the first report ...This report contains the first ...Our results are the first report on ...We report here for the first time ...This ..., is the first to ..., reported for ...,This report documents the first ...... this is the first time that ,,,The novelty of this research lies in ...Of particular interest and novelty is ...The evidence presented in this communication demonstrtes ... The data presented in this report represent ...The major idea addressed in this studies ...The emphasis of this study is ...This study is an attempt to ...4、研究报告的数量表示方法..., much efforts has gone into the study of ...Many research groups have recently been involved with ... ... have received fairly intensive study... have done a considerable amount of work on ...Many studies have addressed ...There have been many investigations into ...There have been numerous studies ...A substantial amount of ... information is available on ... There are only a few reprots of ...Only a few studies have dealt with ...Only a few studies have bean performed on...... there are very few studies ...Few studies have involved ...Few studies have centered on ...Investigations ... are extremely few ...A surprisingly limited amount of information exists on ... Reports on ... are extremely scarce.... has been the subject of only a limited number of studies. Information ... is limited.We found no reprots of ...We know of no report concerning ......, no studies ... have been reported ...There are no reports on ...no ... have been documented ...... no information is available concerning ...No data have been published ...To date, no reports have appeared concerning ...None have been reported for ...... information ... is ... lacking ...Virtually nothing is known about ...Little is known of ...very little actually is known about ...There is little known about ...5、注意、兴趣的表示方法... has not received as much attention ...Less attention has been paid ...Relatively little attention has been directed ...... have received very little attention ...Little attention has been given to ...Attention was focused on ...... has recently received increased attention.There is currently great interest in ...... has been the focus of intense research interest. ... has been become a subject of considerable interest.6、研究正在进行的表示方法Studies are under way to ...... are currently under study.Further work is in progress ...Further experiments are in progress to ...Further investigations are in progress to ...Attempts to ... are currently in progress.Efforts continue ...We are presently attempting to determine ...Further studies ... are being conducted ...Our laboratory presently is involved with ...... is being investigated.7、将来工作的建议的表示方法Further work is needed ...Further work is required ...... is worthy of further study.Much more research is needed ...... has to be elucidated.... have to be determined.... requires further testing ...... makes ... worthy of further study.Further studies are contemplated to ...Further research is planned to ...continuing studies will yield further insight into ... Further research ... may yield...Further research should explore ...Further studies should clarify ...... remains to be determined.... remain to be investigated, and ... remains to be tested.... remains to be established.What remains to be resolved ...... remains to be shown.... remains unexplained...., it remains unknown.... remain unanswered ...8、结论的表示方法In conclusion, ...This conclusion is supported ... by ... finding that ...... leads to the conclusion that ...一．科学技术论文的含义科学技术论文简称科技论文。

科技论文英文的规范表达-句法

4．在写论文摘要时，表达“本文讨论了…”等的句型中一般都应使用一般现在时而不应使用一般过去时。如：本文论述了调制信号的特点。 This paper deals with the features of modulated signals．
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语态 1，没有被动语态的几种情况不及物动词、不及物短语动词(如take place)、具有被动含义的不及物短语动词(如consist of)以及具有被动含义的动宾结构的短语动词(如find use (application) in)和有些表示状态、特征的及物动词 (如have)均没有被动语态形式。
第十一章科技论文英文的规范表达-句法
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一、插入语、否定、时态、语态、形容词和副词的比较级具有主谓结构的插入语位于主句中一般处于主语或连系动词之后，有逗号分开。
This book is, we hope, a concise introduction to communications systems.
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2)，表示“当……时候”的连词以下三个词在科技文中使用时常见有如下的基本区别(虽然它们时常可相互换用)： (1)when：它引出的从句表示的动作往往为一点，而这时主句的动作也多表示为一点。 When a rocket is launched from the earth's surface， the thrust of its engines must exceed its weight for it to rise from the ground．当火箭从地球表面发射时，其发动机的推力必须超过其重量以使它升离地面。
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(4)for：由它引出的句子使人觉得所述的理由只是一种补充说明而已，它是一个等立连词，引出的句子为并列句而不是状语从句，它只能放在前一句的后面。偶尔也有单独成为一句的。 In previous chapters we did not use the trigonometric， inverse trigonometric，exponential，or logarithmic functions，for the derivative of each of these is a special form. 在前面几章我们并没有使用三角函数、反三角函数、指数或对数函数，因为其各自的导数均为一种特殊的形式。

英语科技论文常用句型结构 new

英语科技论文常用句型结构1. Introduction(引言):引言中作者通常提出问题并说明论文的研究目的。

1）研究目的（1）论文导向使用paper, thesis或dissertation这样的特征名词，直接提及研究论文本身，而且此类句子通常采用一般现在时态。

常用的句型有：The purpose of this paper is…/The aim of this report is…/The objective of the paper is to obtain quantitative about the particles size distribution/to model the dynamic behavior in the super-or near-critical CO2 extraction.（2）研究导向study, research, investigation或experiment等特征名词被用来强调研究活动本身。

这类句子是表达已经过去的事情，所以使用一般过去时态。

The purpose of the experiment reported here was…/The aim of this study was…/The objective of this research was to determine the preferred viewing distance for work at a visual display unit./to examine the apparent osmotic behavior of some contemporary commercial reverse osmosis membranes.或用被动结构：In the research described here, /In this study, /In the present investigation, /In this research, /In the experimentsreported here, vertical nutrient mixing in late summer in a test area 20 kilometers off the coast was examined.描述研究目的时，最简单的句型是用this paper, this study, this project, this research等词做主语，后面用实意动词作谓语，如investigate, discuss, examine, test等，宾语为研究内容。

英文科技论文写作经典常用例句

英文科技论文写作经典常用例句英文科技论文在写作过程中，常常需要使用特定的语言表达方式和例句，以确保论文的准确性和可信度。

以下是英文科技论文写作中常用的例句，可供参考。

1. IntroductionIntroduce the background or purpose of the study:- The aim of this study is to investigate…- In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in…- The importance of this study lies in…Introduce the research question or hypothesis:- The research question is whether…- Our hypothesis is that…2. Literature ReviewDiscuss previous studies and their findings:- According to [Name], their fin dings suggest that…- [Name] identified that…- Evidence from previous research suggests that…Compare and contrast different studies:- While [Name] found that…, [Name] reported that…- Although some studies have found…, others have reported…Outline the limitations of previous research:- However, it should be noted that there are limitations to these studies.- One limitation of this previous research is…- Despite the important contributions of these studies, they do not fully address…3. MethodsDescribe the study design and procedures:- This study employed a mixed-methods approach, involving…- Participants completed a series of questionnaires and underwent a series of tests…- Data was collected through interviews and observations…Report on sample size and participant characteristics:- The sample consisted of [number] participants…- Participants were selected based on specific criteria, including…- The majority of participants were [age range, gender, etc.]…Detail the data analysis procedures:- All data was analyzed using [statistical software or method]…- Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis…- A series of regression analyses were conducted to investigate…4. ResultsReport on the main findings:- The results show that…- Statistically significant differences were found between…- Overall, the findings suggest that…Present data using tables and figures:- As shown in Table [number]…- Figure [number] illustrates the relationship between…- The results are su mmarized graphically in Figure [number]…5. DiscussionInterpret the results and their implications:- The results of this study have important implications for…- These findings are consistent with previous research, which suggests…- The significance of these results lies in their potential to…Address limitations of the study:- One limitation of this study is the sample size…- Another limitation is the potential for [bias, confounding variables, etc.]…- Despite these limitations, the findings are still valuable because…6. ConclusionSum up the main findings and their implications:- Overall, this study has shown that…- These findings have important implications for [field, practice, policy, etc.]…- This study provides valuable insights into [topic] and highlights the need for further research in this area.7. Reference ListList all cited sources in alphabetical order:- [Name]. (Year). [Title of article]. [Journal name], [volume number], [page range].- [Name]. (Year). [Title of book]. [Publisher].- [Name]. (Year). [Title of report]. Retrieved from [URL or database].以上例句仅供参考，具体用法要结合实际情况和论文的要求。

英文科技论文写作常用句型

英文科技论文写作常用句型1. Introduction- In recent years, there has been a growing interest in...- This paper aims to...- With the advancement of technology, there is an increasing need for...- The purpose of this study is to...- The significance of this research lies in...2. Background- Previous studies have shown that...- It is well established that...- The literature suggests that...- Recently, there have been several developments in...13. Objectives- The main objective of this research is to...- Our primary goal is to...- The specific objectives of this study include...4. Methodology- This study employed a quantitative/qualitative research method. - Data were collected through surveys/interviews/observations.- A random sample was selected/Participants were recruited from... - The data analysis involved...5. Results- The findings of this study indicate that...- The results reveal that...- It was observed that...2- The data show a significant correlation between...6. Discussion- The results of this study are consistent with previous research. - These findings suggest that...- The implications of these results are...- It is worth noting that...- Further research is needed to...7. Conclusion- In conclusion,...- This study contributes to the understanding of...- These findings have important implications for...- The results of this research can be applied to...- Future research should focus on...38. Limitations- One limitation of this study is...- It is important to acknowledge the limitations of this research. - The sample size was relatively small, which may limit generalizability.- The study was conducted in a specific context, which may limit the applicability of the findings.9. Recommendations- Based on the findings, it is recommended that...- Future research should consider...- In light of these results, it is suggested that...- It would be beneficial to...410. Future directions- Future research should explore...- It would be interesting to investigate...- This study opens up avenues for future research on... - Further investigation is needed to establish...5。

英语科技论文写作方法(上)

EX2-文学
She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and an innocent, diffident manner. Her eyes were large and patient, and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress as only those who have looked sympathetically into the countenances of the distraught and helpless poor know anything about. （那妇人生着一副绵软多肉的体格，一张坦率开诚的面容，一种天真羞怯的神气。一双大落落的柔顺眼睛，里边隐藏着无穷的心事，只有那些对于凄惶无告的穷苦人面目作过同情观察的人才看得出来。）摘自（珍妮姑娘）（Jennie Gerhardt）.上面五十一个词的片断,就运用了十个形容词,占五分之一。"and in then dwelt such a shadow of distress"是非常优美生动的文
Contents
科技论文（英语）的特点
科技论文（英语）的段落和文章
科技论文（英语）文章的组成部分
科技论文（英语）的特点
EX1-口语
"It appears that you've got the offer of a very good job." "A wonderful job." "Are you going to take it ?" "I don't think so." "Why not?' "I don't want to." 这是一段对说，属于口语文体。其特点是：用词自由，句法结构简单，短句与省略句多，使用主动语态并用第一、二人称做主语；使用缩略形式如：you’ve, don’t，等